KR20210017403A - Apparatus for purifying exhaust gas - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device. The exhaust gas purification device comprises: a first reaction unit installed on an exhaust path to allow nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas discharged from an exhaust gas discharge source to perform a chemical reaction to be converted into nitrogen and water; a secondary dust collecting unit separating dust from the exhaust gas which has passed through the first reaction unit; a third dust collecting unit collecting the dust which has been separated after having gone through the secondary dust collecting unit to transport purified air to an exhaust pipe; and an incinerating unit incinerating the dust which has been collected in the third dust collecting unit to transport the same back to the secondary dust collecting unit. Therefore, according to the present invention, a plurality of dust collecting units are disposed to purify exhaust gas discharged from a vessel engine such that the exhaust gas may be purified by sequentially going through a plurality of dust collecting units. In particular, an electric dust collecting unit including a plurality of dust collecting tubes (dust collecting plates) formed in multiple stages with the diameter becoming greater towards the rear side is disposed to provide excellent efficiency in purification.

Description

Exhaust gas purification system {APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING EXHAUST GAS}

The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device, and more particularly, to an exhaust gas purification device installed in an exhaust path of a ship engine to purify exhaust gas discharged from the ship engine.

In general, ships use diesel oil as fuel in the process of operation, and exhaust (combustion) gas is discharged into the atmosphere while containing harmful substances due to the characteristic that requires high output.

Representative hazardous substances among these exhaust gases include fine dust (fine particulate matter, dust), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide, among which nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides are classified as United Nation, International It is a representative air pollutant that is subject to emission regulations from the IMO (International Maritime Organization), an affiliate of the Union), and a purification device is installed in the combustion gas discharge path of the engine to remove such harmful substances.

Recently, environmental regulations on the concentration of nitrogen oxides and fine dust discharged from ships have been strengthened, and accordingly, development of an exhaust gas purification device capable of satisfying the strengthened environmental regulations is urgently needed.

Republic of Korea, Registered Patent Publication, No. 10-1523733

The present invention was devised to solve this problem, and contaminants (nitrogen oxide, fine dust) installed in the exhaust path of a ship engine and contained in the exhaust gas emitted from the engine to cope with the trend of strengthening environmental regulations It is intended to provide an exhaust gas purification device in which a chemical reaction of nitrogen oxides and collection of fine dust are performed by this, and the collected fine dust is exhausted by the exhaust flow rate.

The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purifying apparatus, wherein the exhaust gas purifying apparatus comprises: a primary reaction unit installed in an exhaust path to chemically react nitrogen oxides among exhaust gases discharged from an exhaust gas emission source to convert them into compounds harmless to the human body; A secondary dust collecting unit for separating fine dust from the exhaust gas passing through the first reaction unit, a third dust collecting unit for collecting fine dust separated through the secondary dust collecting unit and transferring the purified air to an exhaust pipe, and dust collected by the third dust collecting unit It characterized in that it comprises an incineration unit to incinerate fine dust and transfer it to the secondary dust collecting unit.

In addition, the secondary dust collecting unit may include a main tube connected to an outlet of the primary reaction unit, a discharge electrode built in the main tube to generate discharge, and a discharge electrode built in the main tube to collect dust by the discharge electrode. It is characterized in that it includes a plurality of dust collecting tubes provided to have a diameter.

In addition, the third dust collecting unit is characterized in that the two cyclone dust collectors are installed in multiple stages.

In addition, the incineration unit includes a collection chamber, which is a space portion in which the dust collected by the tertiary dust collection unit is finally collected, an electric heater installed in the collection chamber to incinerate the dust collected inside the collection chamber, the collection chamber and the 2 A return pipe connected to an entrance side of the main pipe of the vehicle dust collecting unit, and a blower for forcibly transporting the processed material incinerated inside the collection chamber to the entrance side of the main pipe through the return pipe.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a plurality of dust collection units to purify the exhaust gas discharged from the marine engine, so that the exhaust gas is sequentially purified through a plurality of dust collection units, and in particular, a plurality of multi-stages formed in order to increase the diameter toward the rear side There is a remarkable effect of having high purification efficiency by providing an electric dust collecting unit including a dust collecting tube (dust collecting plate).

In addition, by burning the foreign matter collected by the dust collecting unit to incinerate, there is a remarkable effect that maintenance is easy and continuous operation of the apparatus of the present invention is possible.

1 is a conceptual diagram of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention.
2 is a diagram showing a process of purifying exhaust gas by the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention.
3 is a diagram showing a process of passing exhaust gas through the secondary dust collecting unit according to the present invention.
4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention.

The exhaust gas purifying apparatus 1000 of the present invention is a device installed in an exhaust path of an engine used in the ocean to purify exhaust gas, and in particular, is an apparatus purifying exhaust gas generated in a small and medium-sized ship engine.

Hereinafter, the technical idea of the present invention will be described in more detail using the accompanying drawings.

The accompanying drawings are only examples shown to describe the technical idea of the present invention in more detail, so the technical idea of the present invention is not limited to the form of the accompanying drawings.

1 is a conceptual diagram of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a process of purifying exhaust gas by the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust gas purifying apparatus 1000 includes a first reaction unit 100, a second dust collection unit 200, a third dust collection unit 300, and an incineration unit 400.

First, the primary reaction unit 100 is installed in the exhaust path 120 and is an element that primarily purifies the exhaust gas discharged from the engine.

Here, the exhaust path 120 means an exhaust gas outlet line.

The first reaction unit 100 of the present invention is a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device and has an effect of reducing nitrogen oxides (NOx) in exhaust gas discharged from the engine.

The selective catalytic reduction device is a device that converts and removes nitrogen oxides into nitrogen and water by passing an exhaust gas between 200°C and 450°C together with a reducing agent through a catalyst layer, and includes a reactor (not shown). , The exhaust gas serves to reduce nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas by performing a selective catalytic reduction reaction with the catalyst by passing through the reactor.

In more detail, the first reaction unit 100 uses ammonia (NH3) as a catalyst, and nitrogen oxides are converted into nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O), which are constituents of the atmosphere through a reduction reaction, and then discharged. To induce.

The selective catalytic reduction device used in the present invention has the effect of reducing nitrogen oxides (NOx) in exhaust gas discharged from the engine, and since it is a well-known conventional means, detailed information will be omitted.

Thereafter, the exhaust gas that has passed through the primary reaction unit 100 and discharged in a reduced nitrogen oxide state passes through the secondary dust collecting unit 200.

The secondary dust collecting unit 200 of the present invention is an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) of a horizontal type, which collects fine dust (particulate matter) in the exhaust gas and purifies the exhaust gas. to be.

More similarly, the secondary dust collecting unit 200 includes a main pipe 220 connected to the outlet of the primary reaction unit 100, and a plurality of dust collecting tubes embedded in the main pipe 220 to collect fine dust. (240), it includes a discharge electrode 260 is built in the main tube 220 to generate a discharge.

First, the main pipe 220 is installed horizontally, is connected to the outlet of the primary reaction unit 100, and is an element in which a dust collecting tube 240 and a discharge electrode 260 to be described later are mounted.

In more detail, the front end of the main pipe 220 is connected to the outlet of the primary reaction unit 100, and the rear end is connected to the exhaust pipe 360 through which the air purified from the third dust collecting unit 300 to be described later is discharged. Has been.

Subsequently, the dust collecting tube 240 is a tube through which fine dust (particulate matter) is collected, is formed of a hollow body, and has a structure in which the discharge electrode 260 is embedded in the inner center thereof.

The dust collecting tube 240 serves to collect fine dust negatively ionized by the negative charge emitted from the discharge electrode causing corona discharge.

In addition, the dust collection tube 240 includes a first dust collection tube 242, a second dust collection tube 244, and a third dust collection tube 246, and the first dust collection tube 242, the second dust collection tube ( 244), the third dust collecting tube 246 is provided in multiple stages such that the diameter increases toward the rear side.

In addition, in the present invention, three dust collecting tubes are provided as an embodiment, but the number of such dust collecting tubes may be differently designed according to the needs of the user.

In addition, the diameter of the discharge electrode 260 built in the first dust collection tube 242, the second dust collection tube 244, and the third dust collection tube 246 is also provided to increase toward the rear side.

In addition, in the present invention, the magnitude of the voltage applied to the three dust collecting tubes 240 of the first dust collecting tube 242, the second dust collecting tube 244, and the third dust collecting tube 246 is different.

In addition, the discharge electrode 260 is provided to further protrude to the rear of the third dust collecting tube 246 by penetrating through the third dust collecting tube 246.

According to the structure of the secondary dust collecting unit 200, the exhaust gas transferred to the main pipe 220 through the first reaction unit 100 is the first dust collecting tube 242 and the second dust collecting tube 244 , It passes through the third dust collecting tube 246 in order.

That is, as shown in Fig. 3, in this process, fine dust in the exhaust gas is repeatedly collected and stacked on the wall of the dust collection tube, and accordingly, when the thickness of the dust layer increases, the dust mass naturally comes from the wall of the dust collection tube. It is separated, and the separated dust mass moves to the rear dust collecting tube.

Subsequently, the dust lump repeats this operation, and sequentially passes through the first dust collection tube 242, the second dust collection tube 244 and the third dust collection tube 246.

In more detail, as the thickness of the dust layer increases, the peeling force due to the high-speed flow of exhaust gas becomes greater than the electrical adhesion, and thus separation occurs between the dust layer and the wall of the dust collection tube. The dust mass is separated from.

In this case, the exhaust flow velocity of the exhaust gas passing through the secondary dust collecting unit 200 is 4 to 6 m/s.

When the exhaust flow rate is less than 4m/s, separation of the collected fine dust mass is not easy, so the efficiency of dust removal decreases, and when the exhaust flow rate exceeds 6m/s, the efficiency of collecting fine dust decreases and the dust collection performance decreases. There is a drawback.

That is, a general electric dust collector generally has an exhaust flow velocity of 0.8 to 1.2 m/s, whereas the present invention is provided to have a flow velocity that is more consistent with the exhaust flow velocity, so that fine dust collected by the exhaust flow velocity is pushed to the rear to be exhausted. Even if a hammer unit or the like provided for exhaustion is not provided, fine dust is easily evacuated.

In other words, according to the present invention, a plurality of dust collection tubes are provided, and a dust collection tube whose diameter gradually increases in a direction in which the exhaust gas is moved is provided so that dust flows only in the strong electric field region, thereby achieving high collection efficiency.

Meanwhile, the dust mass that has passed through the third dust collecting tube 246 is moved to the third dust collecting unit 300 to be described later through the discharge electrode 260.

As shown in FIG. 2, a bypass pipe 280 is connected to a lower portion of the rear end of the main pipe 220, and a third dust collecting part 300 is installed in the bypass pipe 280.

The third dust collecting unit 300 collects dust mass and Thai material separated from the secondary dust collecting unit 200 and moves them to the incineration unit 400 to be described later, and the purified air is transferred to the rear of the main pipe 220. It is an element that moves to the combined exhaust pipe 360.

The third dust collecting unit 300 used in the present invention includes a first cyclone 320 installed in the bypass pipe 280 and a second cyclone 340 installed at a side of the first cyclone 320. Include.

In addition, the first cyclone 320 and the second cyclone 340 are devices in which relatively light purified air of exhaust gas is discharged to the upper side by using a centrifugal force, and relatively heavy dust is deposited in the dust collecting chamber at the lower side. Since the cyclone dust collector is already widely used conventional means, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

That is, the exhaust gas that has passed through the secondary dust collecting unit 200 undergoes a primary foreign matter collection process in the first cyclone 320, and thereafter, the foreign matter that is not collected in the first cyclone is the second cyclone 340 It goes through the process of being captured once more.

At this time, the purified air separated to the upper side by the first cyclone 320 is an exhaust pipe coupled to the rear end of the main pipe 220 through the first discharge pipe 322 coupled to the upper portion of the first cyclone ( 360).

More specifically, the first discharge pipe is connected to the upper side of the second cyclone 340, a separate second discharge pipe 342 is connected to the upper side of the second cyclone 340, and the first discharge pipe Silver is connected to the exhaust pipe 360 through the second discharge pipe.

The upper part of the first cyclone 320 is connected to the second discharge pipe 342, and foreign matter that is not collected in the first cyclone 320 and flows into the second cyclone 240 is once again in the second cyclone. It is collected.

The lower part of the first cyclone is connected to a collection chamber 420 to be described later through a separate pipe, and the dust collected by the first cyclone is introduced into the collection chamber 420 to be described later, and into the first cyclone. The air separated by the upper side is discharged to the discharge pipe through the first discharge pipe and the second discharge pipe.

In addition, foreign matters that cannot be collected by the first cyclone 320 and transferred to the first cyclone are collected once more by the second cyclone 340, and the air purified by the second cyclone 340 is It is discharged to the exhaust pipe 360 through the second discharge pipe 342 coupled to the upper part of the second cyclone, and the collected dust is loaded in the dust collecting chamber of the second cyclone.

The dust collection chambers of the first cyclone 320 and the second cyclone 340 are respectively connected to the collection chamber 420 of the incineration part 400.

And, as shown in Figure 4, the third dust collecting unit 300, the second cyclone may be coupled to the dust collecting chamber on the lower side of the first cyclone 320, in this case, the first cyclone 320 The foreign matter collected in the second cyclone 340 is moved to the second cyclone 340 so as to be collected secondarily, and has an effect of improving the dust collection efficiency.

On the other hand, the incineration unit 400 includes a collection chamber 420 in which foreign matter collected by the tertiary dust collection unit 300 is finally collected, an electric heater (not shown) installed in the collection chamber 420, and the collection And a return pipe 440 connecting the chamber 420 and the main pipe 220, and a blower 460 for returning the processed material incinerated inside the collection chamber to the inlet side of the main pipe 220.

First, the collection chamber 420 is installed under the dust collection chamber of the first cyclone 320 and the second cyclone 340 to load the dust collected from the second cyclone 340 and incinerate the loaded dust. It is space.

In addition, an electric heater is installed in the collection chamber 420, and dust collected in the collection chamber is incinerated by the electric heater.

In the present invention, an electric heater including an electric burner has been exemplified as an example of a heating unit that incinerates dust inside the collection chamber, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Subsequently, the return pipe 440 has one end connected to the collecting chamber 420, and the other end connected to the inlet side of the main pipe 220, so that the incinerated material incinerated in the collecting chamber 420 is It is a passage to move back to the main pipe 220.

In this case, the other end of the return pipe 440 is coupled to the main pipe 220, and is preferably disposed on the front side of the secondary dust collecting unit 200.

Next, the blower 460 is an element for forcibly transferring the incinerated products incinerated inside the collection chamber, and the incinerated products are transferred to the front side of the main pipe 220 through the return pipe 440.

At this time, the blower 460 is preferably installed to face one end of the return pipe so that the incinerated material easily flows back into the main pipe 220 through the return pipe 440.

In the present invention, the incineration material transferred to the secondary dust collection unit 200 through the return pipe 440 is again subjected to a process of purification through the secondary dust collection unit and the third dust collection unit, and the dust collected in this process is The incineration process is repeated again, and accordingly, the apparatus of the present invention has an effect that can be continuously operated.

In addition, since there is no occurrence of secondary pollution sources, the present invention has a remarkable effect that management of the device is easy.

As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but this is only for describing the invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, various modifications or equivalents from the detailed description of the invention It will be appreciated that one embodiment is possible.

Therefore, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical idea of the claims.

10: dust
1000: exhaust gas purification device
100: 1st reaction part
120: exhaust path
200: Secondary dust collection unit
220: Main building
242: first dust collecting tube
244: second dust collecting tube
246: third dust collecting tube
260: discharge electrode
280: bypass piping
300: 3rd dust collection unit
320: the first cyclone
322: first discharge pipe
340: the second cyclone
342: the second discharge pipe
360: exhaust pipe
400: incineration part
420: collection chamber
440: return pipe
460: blower

Claims (4)

A primary reaction unit installed in the exhaust path to convert nitrogen oxides into nitrogen and water by chemically reacting nitrogen oxides of exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas emission source;
A secondary dust collecting unit for separating fine dust from the exhaust gas passing through the first reaction unit;
A tertiary dust collecting unit for collecting fine dust separated through the secondary dust collecting unit and transferring the purified air to an exhaust pipe;
And an incineration unit for incineration of the fine dust collected by the tertiary dust collection unit and transfer to the secondary dust collection unit.
The method of claim 1,
The secondary dust collecting unit,
A main pipe connected to the outlet of the primary reaction unit,
A discharge electrode that is built in the main tube to cause discharge,
And a plurality of dust collecting tubes that are built into the main pipe to collect fine dust by the discharge electrode, and have a larger diameter toward the rear.
The method of claim 1,
The third dust collecting unit,
Exhaust gas, characterized in that two cyclone dust collectors are installed in multiple stages
Purification device.
The method of claim 1,
The incineration unit,
A collection chamber, which is a space in which fine dust collected by the tertiary dust collection unit is finally collected,
An electric heater installed in the collection chamber to incinerate fine dust collected inside the collection chamber,
A return pipe connected to the inlet side of the main pipe of the collection chamber and the secondary dust collection unit,
And a blower for forcibly transporting the processed material incinerated inside the collection chamber to the inlet side of the main pipe again through the return pipe.

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