KR20210016789A - Pellicle including integrated frame and membrane, Manufacturing method for the same, Exposure apparatus including the Pellicle and Manufacturing apparatus for the Pellicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pellicle capable of solving a pellicle induced distortion (PID) problem, to a manufacturing method thereof, to an exposure device comprising the pellicle, and to a manufacturing apparatus of the pellicle. The pellicle according to the embodiment is used in an exposure process, and comprises: a pellicle membrane through which a predetermined light source passes; and a pellicle frame supporting the pellicle membrane, wherein the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame are integrally formed of the same material.

Description

Pellicle including integrated frame and membrane, Manufacturing method for the same, Exposure apparatus including the Pellicle and Manufacturing apparatus for the Pellicle }

The embodiment relates to a pellicle, a method for manufacturing the pellicle, an exposure apparatus including the pellicle, and an apparatus for manufacturing a pellicle. Specifically, the embodiment relates to a pellicle including an integrated frame and a membrane, a manufacturing method thereof, an exposure apparatus including the pellicle, and an apparatus for manufacturing a pellicle. The pellicle and the exposure apparatus according to the embodiment may be applied to an Extreme Ultra Violet (EUV) exposure process, but are not limited thereto.

In manufacturing a semiconductor device or a liquid crystal display, a photolithography process is used when patterning is performed on a semiconductor wafer or a liquid crystal substrate.

In photolithography, a reticle or photo mask is used as the original plate for patterning, and the pattern on the reticle is transferred to a semiconductor wafer or a substrate for liquid crystal. However, when particles are attached to the reticle, light is absorbed or reflected by the particles, and the transferred pattern is damaged, resulting in a problem of deteriorating the quality or yield of semiconductor devices or liquid crystal displays.

Usually, the photolithography process is performed in a clean room, but since particles also exist in this clean room, a method of attaching a pellicle to prevent particles from adhering to the reticle surface has been performed.

In this case, since the particles are not directly attached to the reticle surface, but on the pellicle, since the focus is aligned on the mask pattern during lithography, there is an advantage that the particles on the pellicle are out of focus and are not transferred to the semiconductor wafer or the liquid crystal substrate.

On the other hand, the resolution of the semiconductor exposure apparatus is increasing, and the wavelength of the source light source is becoming shorter and shorter in order to realize the resolution.

For example, the UV (Ultra Violet) light source used G-line (436nm), I-line (365nm), KrF excimer laser (248nm), ArF excimer laser (193nm), etc., but recently, the demand for patterning processes of less than 10nm Accordingly, it is required to use ultra-ultraviolet (EUV, 13.5 nm).

That is, in recent years, semiconductor devices and liquid crystal displays are increasingly highly integrated and miniaturized. For example, in the conventional technology of forming a fine pattern of about 32 nm on the photoresist film, it is responded by using an ArF excimer laser (193 nm) to expose the photoresist film, or by an improved technology using an excimer laser such as multiple exposure. It is possible.

However, the formation of finer patterns is required for next-generation semiconductor devices and liquid crystal displays, and it is becoming difficult to form such fine patterns with conventional pellicle and exposure techniques. Accordingly, in recent years, as a method for forming a finer pattern, an EUV exposure technology using EUV light having a dominant wavelength of 13.5 nm is attracting attention.

In order to implement such exposure technology using EUV, it is indispensable to develop new light sources, photoresists, reticles, and pellicles.

Meanwhile, the pellicle includes a pellicle membrane through which a light source is transmitted and a pellicle frame that supports the pellicle membrane. Conventional pellicle technology development has been conducted on a pellicle membrane in terms of light source transmittance, but research on a pellicle frame considering exposure technology using EUV is insufficient.

First, according to the prior art, depending on the material of the mask substrate on which the pellicle frame and the pellicle frame are fired, or the material of the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame are different, the problem of PID (Pellicle Induced Distortion) due to the difference in thermal characteristics is solved. Occurs.

Specifically, as semiconductor devices or liquid crystal displays are miniaturized, the pellicle, which influences the yield, generates stress due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion when the pellicle is attached to the photomask, and the photomask is deformed due to the stress. There is an issue, and as a result, it becomes difficult to form a fine pattern because the positional accuracy of the pattern to be formed is misaligned.

In particular, because EUV has a short wavelength, energy is very high, and because of its low transmittance, a significant amount of energy is absorbed by the pellicle and the mask substrate, so that the pellicle and the mask substrate can be heated. Therefore, when the material of the pellicle and the mask substrate are different from each other, the PID issue due to the difference in thermal expansion caused by heat generated in the lithography process is becoming more important, but an appropriate solution for this is not presented.

In addition, in the case of lithography to which EUV is applied, pattern defects due to PID issues due to differences in thermal expansion become more important problems due to fine patterns.

Next, in the prior art, the pellicle membrane is adhered to the pellicle frame by an adhesive. However, such an adhesive has an out gasing phenomenon that generates a predetermined gas during the process, and the corresponding gas may act as an impurity.

For example, the conventional pellicle frame is made of aluminum, stainless steel, polyethylene, or the like, and the pellicle membrane is made of nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, or fluororesin having excellent light transmission properties.

At this time, the pellicle membrane is adhered to the pellicle frame by a membrane adhesive such as a fluorine adhesive, an acrylic adhesive, a silicone adhesive, or an epoxy resin. However, in such an adhesive, out-gasing occurs during the process, and the generated gas acts as an impurity.

In particular, in an EVU having a very high energy, a significant amount of energy is absorbed by the pellicle and the mask substrate, and as the pellicle and the mask substrate are heated, an out gasing phenomenon may occur, but a solution for this is not proposed.

Next, the pellicle membrane of the pellicle must be free-standing in centimeter scale for more efficient patterning, and the pellicle membrane in the prior art is very difficult to free-standing due to its weak tensile strength.

On the other hand, among the prior art, there is a technology in which single crystal silicon (Si), silicon nitride (SiN), and the like are used as constituent materials in order to realize a high transmittance of a film constituting a pellicle for EUV lithography (Korean Patent Laid-Open Patent No. 2009-0122114). However, the pellicle film using such single crystal silicon must be formed as an ultra-thin film of 100 nm or less in order to realize high transmittance. Accordingly, there is a problem in that the pellicle film of a single crystal silicon thin film has a weak tensile strength, making it difficult to implement a pellicle film having a scale of several centimeters.

In addition, since the pellicle film of a silicon single crystal thin film disclosed in Korean Patent Application Publication No. 2009-0122114 can be easily damaged even with a small impact, a separate base substrate is used to support it. The reinforcing frame of such a base substrate forms a certain pattern, and there is a problem that the pattern is transferred to the substrate in a lithography process. In addition, there is a problem that the transmittance is as low as about 60%.

On the other hand, in order to supplement the strength of the pellicle film, there is a technology in which a mesh-shaped structure is integrated into a film support structure, but the transmittance of exposure light passing through the pellicle film and the transmission of light passing through the pellicle film depends on the material, height, width, and pitch of the opening. It is difficult to apply it as a pellicle film due to a decrease in uniformity.

The technical problem of the embodiment is to provide a pellicle suitable for exposure technology using ultra-ultraviolet (EUV), a method for manufacturing the same, an exposure apparatus including the pellicle, and an apparatus for manufacturing a pellicle.

Specifically, the technical problem of the embodiment is to provide a pellicle capable of solving the problem of PID (Pellicle Induced Distortion), a method for manufacturing the same, an exposure apparatus including a pellicle, and an apparatus for manufacturing a pellicle.

In addition, the technical problem of the embodiment is to provide a pellicle capable of preventing an outgassing phenomenon, a manufacturing method thereof, an exposure apparatus including the pellicle, and a manufacturing apparatus of the pellicle.

In addition, the technical problem of the embodiment is to provide a pellicle capable of free-standing implementation, a manufacturing method thereof, an exposure apparatus including the pellicle, and an apparatus for manufacturing a pellicle.

The technical problems of the embodiments are not limited to those described in this item, but include those identified through the description of the invention.

The pellicle according to the embodiment includes a pellicle membrane through which a predetermined light source is transmitted, and a pellicle frame supporting the pellicle membrane, wherein the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame are integrally made of the same material. It characterized in that it is formed with.

The pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame may be integrally formed by 3D printing.

The pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame may have an extinction coefficient of 0.00183 to 0.01709 in a light source of 13.5 nm.

The pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame may have an extinction coefficient of 10 times or less of the extinction coefficient of Si in a light source of 13.5 nm.

The pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame include any one of Zr, Mo, Nb, Si, Si ₃ N ₄ , SiC, graphene, boron carbide (B4C), Ru, Ti, Ba, or a mixture thereof It can be formed by 3D printing.

Horizontal widths at the top and bottom of the pellicle frame may be different from each other.

The pellicle frame may have a lower first horizontal width in contact with the pellicle membrane than a second horizontal width at an upper part in contact with a predetermined mask substrate.

The inner wall of the pellicle frame is vertical, and the outer wall may be inclined.

In the pellicle frame, a first horizontal width of a lower portion in contact with the pellicle membrane may be larger than a second horizontal width of an upper portion in contact with a predetermined mask substrate.

The inside of the pellicle frame may be empty.

The manufacturing method of the pellicle used in the exposure process according to the embodiment is characterized in that the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame are integrally formed of the same material through 3D printing.

The pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame include any one of Zr, Mo, Nb, Si, Si ₃ N ₄ , SiC, graphene, boron carbide (B4C), Ru, Ti, Ba, or a mixture thereof It can be manufactured through 3D printing.

It may be determined whether the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame are printed according to the CAD design drawing by performing a simulation through a three-dimensional surface feedback in a layer by layer closed loop.

In addition, the exposure apparatus according to the embodiment may include an exposure light source, a reticle to which the exposure light source is irradiated, and any one of the pellicles disposed on the reticle.

The exposure light source may be injected and reflected from a lower side of the reticle, and the mask substrate of the reticle may reflect the exposure light source by including a predetermined multi-layer mirror.

The pellicle frame may be formed directly on the mask substrate of the reticle without an adhesive.

In addition, the apparatus for manufacturing a pellicle according to the embodiment includes a stage and a nano-nozzle capable of nano-dropping on a substrate on the stage, and the nano-nozzle includes a plurality of nano-nozzles having a plurality of sizes, and the nano- The nozzle includes any one of Zr, Mo, Nb, Si, Si ₃ N ₄ , SiC, graphene, boron carbide (B4C), Ru, Ti, Ba, or a mixture thereof, to make the pellicle through 3D printing. Can be manufactured.

The nano-nozzle may enable artificial intelligence mixing control for the nano-nozzles of the plurality of sizes.

In an embodiment, the nano-dropped pellicle material on the substrate may be heat-treated with an IR heater and UV.

The pellicle may be formed by determining whether to be printed according to the CAD design drawing by simulating through a feedback of a three-dimensional surface in a layer by layer closed loop.

According to the embodiment, there is a technical effect capable of providing a pellicle including an integrated frame and a membrane suitable for exposure technology using ultra-ultraviolet (EUV), a manufacturing method thereof, an exposure apparatus including a pellicle, and a manufacturing apparatus for a pellicle. .

Specifically, according to the embodiment, there is a technical effect capable of solving the problem of PID (Pellicle Induced Distortion) caused by a difference in thermal characteristics as the material of the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame are different.

For example, according to the embodiment, there is a special technical effect that can fundamentally solve the PID problem caused by different materials of the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame by making the material of the pellicle membrane the same as the pellicle frame. In addition, according to the embodiment, the material of the pellicle frame may be a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion similar to or equal to that of quartz, which is a material of the mask substrate. Through this, the PID can be minimized to minimize the mask and the overlap due to the use of the mask.

In addition, according to the embodiment, there is a technical effect of preventing an out gasing phenomenon due to an adhesive bonding the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame.

For example, according to the embodiment, since the pellicle membrane is integrally formed with the pellicle frame, since a separate membrane adhesive is not required, there is a special technical effect that can fundamentally solve the outgassing problem.

In addition, according to the embodiment, there is a technical effect of providing a pellicle capable of free-standing implementation.

For example, in the embodiment, as the pellicle membrane is integrally formed with the pellicle frame, there is a special effect that can be free-standing. In addition, the pellicle membrane of the example is formed of Zr, Mo, Nb, Si, Si ₃ N ₄ , SiC, Graphene, boron carbide (B4C), Ru, Ti, Ba, or a mixture thereof, which has excellent tensile strength, and thus pre- A free-standing structure can be implemented.

Accordingly, according to the embodiment, it has a high transmittance to EUV exposure light so as to be usable in an EUV lithography process, there is no PID issue even with high thermal energy generated by repeated exposure, and has a high tensile strength, so that it is freestanding. ) There is a technical effect that can implement the structure.

The technical effects of the embodiments are not limited to those described in this item, and include those identified through the description of the invention.

1 is an exemplary view in which a pellicle according to an embodiment is disposed on a reticle.
2A is a perspective view of a pellicle according to an embodiment.
Figure 2b is a cross-sectional view of the pellicle according to the embodiment shown in Figure 2a.
3A to 3B are a second embodiment of a pellicle according to the embodiment.
4A to 4B are a third embodiment of a pellicle according to the embodiment.
5A to 5H are explanatory views of an apparatus or method for manufacturing a pellicle according to an embodiment.
6A to 6C are explanatory views of an apparatus for manufacturing a pellicle according to an embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments that can be specifically realized for solving the above problems will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the description of the embodiment, in the case of being described as being formed in "on or under" of each element, the upper (upper) or lower (lower) (on or under) is Both elements are in direct contact with each other or one or more other elements are formed indirectly between the two elements. In addition, when expressed as "on or under", the meaning of not only an upward direction but also a downward direction based on one element may be included.

(Example)

1 is an exemplary view in which a pellicle 100 according to an embodiment is disposed on a reticle 10. The reticle 10 may include a mask substrate 11 and a mask pattern 12, and the pellicle 100 may include a pellicle frame 110 and a pellicle membrane 120.

The ultra-extreme ultraviolet (EUV) exposure apparatus having a wavelength of 13.5 nm to which the embodiment is applied may be of a reflective type in which the light source does not transmit through the reticle 10. For example, in the EUV exposure apparatus to which the embodiment is applied, an exposure light source (not shown) may be injected and reflected from the lower side of the reticle 10 based on FIG. 1, and a predetermined multilayer thin film mirror ( Multi-layer mirror) may be provided, but is not limited thereto.

In the EUV exposure apparatus according to the embodiment, EUV as a light source may be generated by a laser-produced plasma (LPP) source. For example, if a CO ₂ laser is shot on tin that falls tens of thousands of times per second, plasma is generated and EUV may be generated.

Referring to FIG. 1, in the reticle 10, a mask pattern 12 may be patterned on a predetermined mask substrate 11. The reticle 10 may be a light-transmitting substrate on which a predetermined mask pattern 12 is drawn made of chromium or iron oxide, but is not limited thereto.

In the embodiment, the reticle 10 may be a photo mask made to be repeatedly repositioned several times, and may be a quartz glass substrate with a pattern drawn at about 4 to 10 times the size of the design drawing. For example, the mask pattern 12 on the reticle 10 may be reduced in a ratio of 4:1, 5:1, and 10:1 and transferred to a predetermined semiconductor wafer.

The mask pattern 12 may correspond to a predetermined circuit pattern in each layer of a circuit structure such as a semiconductor device. The mask pattern 12 may be generated by forming a circuit image generated by an electronic circuit design automation (EDA) S/W tool on a blank mask.

In the embodiment, the mask substrate 11 may be a quartz glass substrate having high transmittance, and may be a fused silica glass plate.

Next, FIG. 2A is a perspective view of the pellicle 100 according to the embodiment, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view along line A1-A1′ of the pellicle 100 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2A.

In an embodiment, the pellicle 100 may include a pellicle frame 110 and a pellicle membrane 120. The pellicle membrane 120 of the embodiment may prevent the particles P from contacting the mask pattern 12.

Since EUV having a wavelength of 13.5 nm to which the embodiment is applied is absorbed in a large amount in most materials, a material that is placed in the path of EUV in an optical system used in a patterning process is extremely limited, and a material having a very thin thickness is required.

On the other hand, as semiconductor devices or liquid crystal displays have recently progressed, the problem of PID (Pellicle Induced Distortion) in which the positional accuracy of the mask pattern deviates as a result of deformation of the reticle due to the stress of the pellicle when the pellicle is attached to the reticle has emerged. In particular, in the ultra-fine pattern technology of 10 nm or less to which the embodiment is applied, the PID issue is a very important technical problem.

The pellicle 100 according to the embodiment may be applied to EUV exposure equipment using ultra-ultraviolet (EUV) as a light source. EUV exposure equipment can implement a finer integrated circuit than DUV (Deep Ultra Violet) exposure equipment. The EUV wavelength is 13.5 nm, which is shorter than DUV, and the shorter the wavelength, the less diffraction of light. Therefore, EUV exposure equipment can pattern finer integrated circuits on semiconductor wafers. For example, the EUV exposure equipment can be applied to a non-memory semiconductor tip process (7 nm or less) or a DRAM process.

Meanwhile, the resolution of the exposure equipment may be expressed as k1*λ/NA. The density of a DRAM integrated circuit is proportional to the process constant (k1) and wavelength (λ), and is inversely proportional to the lens aberration (NA, Numerical Aperture). Lens aberration (NA) refers to the maximum diffraction angle that a lens can capture.

On the other hand, in order to make the cell-to-cell spacing tighter, the value of the wavelength in the above resolution formula can be reduced or the value of the NA (Numerical Aperture) can be increased.

In the DUV exposure equipment, which is the stage prior to the introduction of the EUV exposure equipment, it is possible to implement a line width of 36 to 38 nm through the immersion technique in which the lens is immersed in water to increase the aperture of the denominator.

On the other hand, in EUV exposure equipment, the wavelength of light corresponding to the molecule is rapidly reduced from 193nm to 13.5nm, resulting in finer resolution, enabling more compact electronic circuit design.

However, in the EUV exposure equipment to which the embodiment is applied, the wavelength of light is rapidly reduced from 193 nm to 3.5 nm, and accordingly, the PID problem has emerged as a more important technical problem as it is possible to implement ultra-fine pattern technology of 10 nm or less.

Specifically, there is a difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between the pellicle frame 110 and the mask substrate 11 of the reticle 10 in the prior art. In addition, there is a difference in the coefficient of heat sealing between the pellicle frame 110 and the pellicle membrane 120.

For example, in the prior art, the pellicle frame is made of aluminum (Al) to form a frame shape, and has anodized alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) as a main component, and manganese, chromium, and Black alumina is mainly used by coloring black with a colorant such as carbon.

In the ultra-fine pattern technology of 10 nm or less to which the embodiment is applied, the PID issue due to the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient between the pellicle frame made of black alumina and the quartz glass substrate is a very important technical problem.

In addition, in the prior art, the pellicle frame is made of aluminum, stainless steel, polyethylene, or the like, and the pellicle membrane is made of nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, or fluororesin having excellent light transmission properties.

Conventional pellicle technology development has been conducted on a pellicle membrane in terms of light source transmittance, but research on a pellicle frame considering exposure technology using EUV is insufficient.

Accordingly, according to the prior art, the problem of PID (Pellicle Induced Distortion) due to the difference in thermal characteristics is solved according to the material of the pellicle frame and the mask substrate on which the pellicle frame is mounted, or the material of the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame. Occurs.

In particular, a significant amount of energy from EUV, which has a very high energy but low transmittance, is absorbed by the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame, and the PID issue due to the difference in thermal expansion due to heat generated in the lithography process is becoming more important, but an appropriate solution to this It is a situation. In addition, in the case of lithography to which EUV is applied, pattern defects due to PID issues due to differences in thermal expansion become more important problems due to fine patterns.

On the other hand, in the prior art, attempts have been made to reduce PID by improving the material of the pellicle membrane, but the material of the pellicle membrane and the material of the pellicle frame are different, causing a PID (Pellicle Induced Defect) problem in the exposure apparatus to which EUV is applied. The situation cannot be solved properly.

In addition, as the semiconductor substrate becomes larger in the prior art, the size of the reticle is also larger, so that the pellicle is also required to have a larger diameter. However, as the pellicle becomes larger, the lifespan of the pellicle is rapidly shortened, and the tensile strength is not high, making it difficult to implement a freestanding structure.

In particular, in the case of alumina-made pellicle frame, due to brittleness, the pellicle is distorted in about 3 days, which corresponds to a process of 10,000 wafers, and the pellicle must be discarded. There is a problem that is difficult to become.

In addition, in the case of a pellicle frame made of alumina in the prior art, as it is manufactured by mechanical processing, it is difficult to secure flatness, has low corrosion prevention performance, and may cause discoloration, and protrusion in the polishing step. There is also a problem with this occurring.

In the prior art, a suitable alternative to the technical problem of such a pellicle frame made of alumina cannot be provided.

In addition, in the prior art, the pellicle membrane is adhered to the pellicle frame by an adhesive such as a fluorine-based adhesive, an acrylic adhesive, a silicone-based adhesive, or an epoxy resin, and such an adhesive has an out gasing phenomenon that generates a predetermined gas during the process. It is generated and the gas can act as an impurity.

In particular, in an EVU having a very high energy, a significant amount of energy is absorbed by the pellicle and the mask substrate, and as the pellicle and the mask substrate are heated, an out gasing phenomenon may occur, but a solution for this is not proposed.

Accordingly, the technical task of the embodiment is to provide a pellicle suitable for exposure technology using ultra-ultraviolet (EUV), a method for manufacturing the same, an exposure apparatus including a pellicle, and an apparatus for manufacturing a pellicle.

As described above, the ultra-extreme ultraviolet (EUV) exposure apparatus having a wavelength of 13.5 nm to which the embodiment is applied may be a reflective type in which the light source does not pass through the reticle 10, but is not limited thereto.

For example, in the EUV exposure apparatus of the embodiment, a predetermined light source may be injected and reflected from the lower side of the reticle 10, and at this time, a predetermined multi-layer mirror may be provided on the mask substrate 11. have.

On the other hand, when the EUV exposure apparatus having a wavelength of 13.5 nm to which the embodiment is applied is a reflective type, the source power becomes higher, and the PID issue caused by the pellicle becomes more important. In particular, the EUV exposure apparatus having a wavelength of 13.5 nm to which the embodiment is applied proceeds in a vacuum, and accordingly, heat generated in the exposure process cannot be radiated to the outside, so the PID issue becomes more pronounced.

In addition, according to the increased light source output, a pellicle made of alumina material of the prior art is more fragile, so that its lifespan is shortened, and a Pellicle Induced Defect (PID) problem may be fatal in the exposure process.

Specifically, EUV, which has a wavelength of 13.5 nm, has a unique property that is absorbed by most materials including gas, and the property of EUV that is absorbed by most materials in nature requires a design change of exposure equipment.

First of all, it is possible to maintain a vacuum state inside the exposure equipment, and EUV is also absorbed in the air. In addition, conventional transmissive lenses are also difficult to use due to absorption problems.

On the other hand, EUV equipment can adopt a method of reflecting the EUV light source with a multi-layer mirror stacked in several layers of Mo and Si in order to reduce the image of the mask.

On the other hand, the maximum reflection efficiency of the Mo-Si multilayer thin film mirror is about 70%, so when the EUV light source reaches the photoresist applied on the actual wafer, a large amount of light source loss occurs, and this loss of light causes a delay in the exposure process time. Is causing.

Furthermore, the pellicle frame made of a conventional black alumina material absorbs a light source, so there is a problem of further inducing light source loss.

According to the embodiment, the material of the pellicle frame 110 may be a material having a thermal expansion coefficient similar to or equal to that of quartz, which is a material of the mask substrate 11. Through this, the PID can be minimized to minimize the mask and the overlap due to the use of the mask.

In addition, the embodiment has a special technical effect that can fundamentally solve the PID problem caused by different materials of the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame by integrally manufacturing the material of the pellicle membrane 120 to be the same as the pellicle frame 110.

In the embodiment, the material of the pellicle frame 110 and the pellicle membrane 120 is Zr, Mo, Nb, Si, Si ₃ N ₄ , SiC, Graphene, boron carbide (B4C), Ru, Ti, Ba, or a mixture thereof. I can.

2B is a cross-sectional view along line A1-A1' of the pellicle according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2A, and a dotted line is shown between the pellicle frame 110 and the pellicle membrane 120, but this is to distinguish both regions. It is a line that is indicated as random, and since both materials are the same, the dividing line between both may not appear in the actual product.

Table 1 below shows the refractive index and extinction coefficient of the material of the pellicle frame 110 and the pellicle membrane 120 and the comparative material (Al ₂ O ₃ ) of the embodiment in the exposure process to which EUV (13.5 nm) is applied. .

Material Refractive Index (@ 13.5nm) Extinction coefficient (@ 13.5nm) Zr 0.95764 0.00371 Mo 0.92388 0.00643 Nb 0.93375 0.00519 Si 0.99900 0.00183 Si ₃ N ₄ 0.97501 0.00867 SiC 0.98222 0.00478 Graphene 0.96157 0.00691 B4C 0.96379 0.00514 Ru 0.88635 0.01709 Al ₂ O ₃ 0.96788 0.3899

The extinction coefficient is a coefficient representing the degree of absorption of light of a material that does not produce light scattering by allowing light to enter a material having a predetermined thickness at a right angle. Absorption of light is a phenomenon in which a part of energy is converted into thermal energy when a wave such as light passes through a medium. It is an irreversible thermodynamic process. Light energy decreases and temperature increases.

Accordingly, depending on the material, the greater the extinction coefficient, the greater the generation of thermal energy and the greater the degree of thermal expansion.

Referring to Table 1, the material of the pellicle frame 110 and the pellicle membrane 120 in the embodiment is Zr, Mo, Nb, Si, Si ₃ N ₄ , SiC, Graphene, boron carbide (B4C), Ru, Ti, Ba or mixtures thereof.

According to the embodiment, the material of the pellicle membrane 120 is the same as that of the pellicle frame 110, so that there is a special technical effect that can fundamentally solve the PID problem caused by different materials of the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame.

In addition, according to the embodiment, the material of the pellicle frame 110 may be a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion similar to or similar to that of quartz, which is a material of the mask substrate 11. Through this, the PID can be minimized to minimize the mask and the overlap due to the use of the mask.

For example, materials of the pellicle frame 110 and the pellicle membrane 120 may have an extinction coefficient of less than 0.02000 at 13.5 nm. For example, the material of the pellicle frame 110 may have an extinction coefficient of 0.00183 to 0.01709 at 13.5 nm.

For example, the material of the pellicle frame 110 and the pellicle membrane 120 may have an extinction coefficient of 10 times or less of the extinction coefficient of Si at 13.5 nm. For example, the material of the pellicle frame 110 and the pellicle membrane 120 may have an extinction coefficient of 0.00183 to 0.01830 at 13.5 nm. For example, the material of the pellicle frame 110 may have an extinction coefficient of 0.00183 to 0.01709 at 13.5 nm.

According to the embodiment, the material of the pellicle frame 110 and the pellicle membrane 120 is made of a material having a thermal expansion coefficient similar to or equal to that of quartz, which is a material of the mask substrate 11, thereby minimizing PID and ) And Overlay due to the use of a mask can be minimized.

Through this, according to the embodiment, there is a technical effect of providing a pellicle including an integrated frame and a membrane suitable for exposure technology using ultra-ultraviolet (EUV), a manufacturing method thereof, and an exposure apparatus including the pellicle.

The technical problem of the embodiment is to provide a pellicle capable of preventing outgassing caused by an adhesive that bonds the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame, a manufacturing method thereof, an exposure apparatus including a pellicle, and a pellicle manufacturing apparatus. .

Conventionally, the pellicle membrane is adhered to the pellicle frame by a predetermined membrane adhesive. The membrane adhesive may be a fluorine-based adhesive, an acrylic adhesive, or a silicone-based adhesive.

According to the embodiment, since the pellicle membrane 120 is formed integrally with the pellicle frame 110, since a separate membrane adhesive is not required, there is a special technical effect that can fundamentally solve the outgassing problem.

In addition, in an embodiment, the pellicle frame 110 may be formed on the mask substrate 11 without a separate adhesive. For example, as will be described later, the pellicle frame 110 may be directly formed on the mask substrate 11 by 3D printing.

Accordingly, according to the embodiment, since a separate adhesive is not required as the pellicle frame 110 is formed on the mask substrate 11, there is a special technical effect that can fundamentally solve the outgassing problem.

In addition, the technical problem of the embodiment is to provide a pellicle capable of free-standing implementation, a manufacturing method thereof, an exposure apparatus including the pellicle, and an apparatus for manufacturing a pellicle.

In the embodiment, as the pellicle membrane 120 is integrally formed with the pellicle frame 110, there is a special effect that can be free-standing.

In addition, the pellicle membrane 120 of the embodiment is formed of Zr, Mo, Nb, Si, Si ₃ N ₄ , SiC, Graphene, boron carbide (B4C), Ru, Ti, Ba, or a mixture thereof, which has excellent tensile length, and thus centimeter scale It is possible to implement a free-standing structure. For example, the pellicle membrane 120 may be supported by a square or circular pellicle frame 110 having a side or diameter of 5 mm or more to be free-standing.

In addition, the thickness of the pellicle membrane 120 according to the embodiment may be 100 nm or less, and transmittance of 13.5 nm to ultra-extreme ultraviolet (EUV) may be 70% or more. The thickness of the pellicle membrane 120 may be 50 nm or less, and transmittance to EUV may be 80% or more. In addition, the pellicle membrane 120 may have a transmittance of 90% or more for EUV.

Accordingly, according to the embodiment, it has a high transmittance to EUV exposure light so as to be usable in an EUV lithography process, there is no PID issue even with high thermal energy generated by repeated exposure, and has a high tensile strength, so that it is freestanding. ) There is a technical effect of providing a pellicle including an integrated frame and membrane having a technical effect capable of implementing the structure, a manufacturing method thereof, and an exposure apparatus including the pellicle.

Next, FIGS. 3A to 3B are a second embodiment of a pellicle according to the embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 3A, in the pellicle 100B1 according to the 2-1 embodiment, horizontal widths at the top and the bottom of the 2-1 pellicle frame 110 may be different from each other.

For example, in the 2-1 pellicle frame 110b1 of the second embodiment, the first horizontal width of the lower part in contact with the pellicle membrane 120 may be smaller than the second horizontal width of the upper part in contact with the mask substrate 11. .

According to the embodiment, the material of the pellicle frame 110b1 may be made of a material having a thermal expansion coefficient similar to or similar to that of quartz, which is a material of the mask substrate 11. Through this, the PID can be minimized to minimize the mask and the overlap due to the use of the mask.

Further, in the embodiment, the second horizontal width of the 2-1 pellicle frame 110b1 in contact with the mask substrate 11 is formed larger than the first horizontal width in contact with the pellicle membrane 120, thereby stress due to thermal expansion of the pellicle. There is a technical effect of minimizing the PID issue by dispersing the in the mask substrate 11.

In addition, the inner wall of the 2-1 pellicle frame 110b1 of the second embodiment is vertical based on the vertical cross-sectional view, and the outer wall may be inclined. Through this, a wide contact area between the mask substrate 11 and the pellicle frame 110b1 can be secured while securing a light transmitting area inside.

Referring to FIG. 3B, in the pellicle 100B2 according to the 2-2 embodiment, horizontal widths at the top and the bottom of the 2-2 pellicle frame 110b2 may be different from each other.

For example, in the pellicle 100B2 according to the 2-2 embodiment, the 2-2 pellicle frame 110b2 has a lower first horizontal width in contact with the pellicle membrane 120 at the upper part in contact with the mask substrate 11. It may be larger than the second horizontal width.

According to the embodiment, by making the material of the pellicle membrane the same as the pellicle frame, there is a special technical effect that can fundamentally solve the PID problem caused by different materials of the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame. Furthermore, in the embodiment, the first horizontal width of the lower portion of the 2-2 pellicle frame 110b2 in contact with the pellicle membrane 120 is equal to the second horizontal width of the upper portion of the 2-2 pellicle frame 110b2 in contact with the mask substrate 11. By designing to be larger than that, there is a technical effect of minimizing PID issues by distributing the stress caused by thermal expansion of a relatively thin pellicle membrane to the pellicle frame.

Next, FIGS. 4A to 4B are a third embodiment of a pellicle according to the embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 4A, in the pellicle 100C1 according to the 3-1 embodiment, horizontal widths at the top and the bottom of the 3-1 pellicle frame 110c1 may be different from each other. For example, in the 3-1 pellicle frame 110c1, a first horizontal width of a lower portion in contact with the pellicle membrane 120 may be smaller than a second horizontal width of an upper portion in contact with the mask substrate 11.

In addition, the inside of the 3-1 pellicle frame 110c1 may be a via. In addition, the inner and outer walls of the 3-1 pellicle frame 110c1 may be provided with pores (not shown).

According to the embodiment, the material of the pellicle frame may be a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion similar to or equal to that of quartz, which is a material of the mask substrate 11. Through this, the PID can be minimized to minimize the mask and the overlap due to the use of the mask.

Further, in the embodiment, the interior of the 3-1 pellicle frame 110c1 is made to be empty, thereby absorbing the thermal energy of the 3-1 pellicle frame 110c1 into the empty space of the 3-1 pellicle frame 110c1, and There is a special technical effect that can minimize the PID issue by distributing stress or energy due to thermal expansion of the pellicle frame by discharging it to the outside through the pellicle frame.

Next, referring to FIG. 4B, in the pellicle 100C2 according to the 3-2 embodiment, horizontal widths at the top and the bottom of the 3-2 pellicle frame 110c2 may be different from each other.

Also, the inside of the 3-2 pellicle frame 110c2 may be a via. In addition, the inner and outer walls of the 3-2 pellicle frame 110c2 may have pores.

According to the embodiment, by making the material of the pellicle membrane the same as the pellicle frame, there is a special technical effect that can fundamentally solve the PID problem caused by different materials of the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame.

Furthermore, in the embodiment, the interior of the 3-2 pellicle frame 110c2 is made to be empty, thereby absorbing the thermal energy of the 3-2 pellicle frame 110c2 into the empty space of the 3-2 pellicle frame 110c2, and There is a special technical effect that can minimize the PID issue by distributing stress or energy due to thermal expansion of the pellicle frame by discharging it to the outside through the pellicle frame.

Next, FIGS. 5A to 5H are diagrams illustrating an apparatus or method for manufacturing a pellicle according to an exemplary embodiment, and FIGS. 6A to 6C are explanatory diagrams illustrating an apparatus for manufacturing a pellicle according to an exemplary embodiment.

In an embodiment, the pellicle may be manufactured by 3D printing by Hyper vision process control.

Specifically, during 3D printing, it is possible to check whether the printing is done according to the CAD design drawing by simulating through the feedback of the 3D surface in a layer by layer closed loop using Optical Heterodyning 3D inspection.

First, FIG. 5A is a conceptual diagram of a 3D manufacturing apparatus for a pellicle according to an embodiment.

In the 3D manufacturing apparatus of a pellicle according to the embodiment, structured light may be irradiated by a light source apparatus 210 that generates structure light that is rotatable in the sample area SA. At this time, the sample area SA irradiated with the structured light may be detected by a predetermined sensor 220 and the control unit 230 such as a computer may determine and control the manufacturing process.

In the embodiment, the EUV pellicle frame 110 and the pellicle membrane 120 are Zr, Mo, Nb, Si, Si ₃ N ₄ , SiC, Graphene, boron carbide (B4C), Ru, Ti, Ba, or a mixture thereof. It can be manufactured using 3D printing.

Referring to FIGS. 6A to 6C for a moment, the 3D manufacturing apparatus of the pellicle according to the embodiment may include a nano ink jet equipment, and the nano ink jet includes a nano nozzle 310 can do.

In an embodiment, the nano-nozzle 310 is a pellicle material Zr, Mo, Nb, Si, Si ₃ N ₄ , SiC, Graphene, boron carbide (B4C), Ru, Ti, Ba, or a mixture thereof in a predetermined stage 150 ) Can be dropped onto the substrate 160 by using a nano drop.

In the embodiment, by including the acrylic mixture in the pellicle material, light transmittance and quality of the film may be improved.

In the embodiment, the 3D printer stage 150 may use a precision floating stage, and ultra-high accuracy, low particles, and defect free film Can be printed.

In the embodiment, a process control through a feedback (feedback) of a material sprayed by a nano ink jet is performed by 3D measurement to observe a printer-head in real time, and at the same time, a real-time calibration is performed. Can be guaranteed.

Referring to FIG. 6B, the nano nozzle 310 may include a plurality of sizes of nano nozzles capable of performing nano drop of a plurality of sizes. For example, the nano-nozzle 310 may include first to ninth nano-nozzles 310a, 310b, 310c, 310d, 310e, 310f, 310g, 310h, 310i), etc., and artificial intelligence for these nozzles Mixing control may be possible.

In the embodiment, the artificial intelligence mixing control can secure maximum homogeneity and uniformity by changing the size and position of the nano-nozzle in order to secure the uniformity of the pellicle through the program and obtain a mura-free film.

For example, the size of the nanodrops in the process of forming the pellicle frame 110 and the process of forming the pellicle membrane 120 may be controlled differently.

For example, since the pellicle membrane 120 needs to have high light transmittance, nano-drops may be performed in a size smaller than the nozzle size when the pellicle frame 110 is formed.

According to the embodiment, there is an effect of producing film quality uniformity, higher quality, and higher film uniformity by artificial intelligence mixing control.

Next, referring to FIG. 6C, the pellicle 100 material nanodropped on the substrate 160 is treated with the IR heater 330 and the UV 320 to make the surface state flat and smooth, and at the same time, the surface tension ( surface tension) can be adjusted.

In addition, the material of the pellicle 100 nano-dropped on the substrate 160 may secure light transmittance in the process of being cured by the UV 320.

In the embodiment, as the pellicle membrane 120 is formed integrally with the pellicle frame 110 by 3D printing, there is a special effect that can be free-standing.

In addition, the pellicle membrane 120 of the embodiment is formed by 3D printing of Zr, Mo, Nb, Si, Si ₃ N ₄ , SiC, Graphene, boron carbide (B4C), Ru, Ti, Ba, or a mixture thereof, which has excellent tensile strength. Accordingly, a free-standing structure can be implemented on a centimeter scale. For example, the pellicle membrane 120 may be supported by a square or circular pellicle frame 110 having a side or diameter of 5 mm or more to be free-standing.

In addition, as the pellicle membrane 120 of the embodiment is formed by 3D printing, the thickness may be 100 nm or less, and transmittance to ultra-extreme ultraviolet (EUV) of 13.5 nm may be 70% or more. The thickness of the pellicle membrane 120 may be 50 nm or less, and transmittance to EUV may be 80% or more. In addition, the pellicle membrane 120 may have a transmittance of 90% or more for EUV.

Next, FIG. 5B is a reference image among composite images of light sources projected at arbitrary angles, and FIG. 5C is an image including a rectangular sample area SA.

Next, FIG. 5D shows the phase difference amplitude data of a sample and a reference according to time for a single pixel trace in many rotations.

Next, FIGS. 5E and 5F are Green Objects in Field of View as spectroscopy of Optical Heterodyning 3D inspection in the embodiment, and are Stacked Images.

Next, referring to FIG. 5G, a single pixel trace at various wavelengths shows a response only in Green. Next, FIG. 5G is a synthetic image and a mixed signal of a relative phase and wavelength information.

Through this, in the embodiment, the pellicle frame is simulated through the feedback of the 3D surface in a layer by layer closed loop using Optical Heterodyning 3D inspection during 3D printing, so that it can be checked whether it is printed according to the CAD design drawing. have.

Through this, the pellicle frame in the embodiment can be manufactured by 3D printing by Hyper vision process control.

In addition, according to the embodiment, the material to be nano-dropped may be controlled by an error compensation algorithm to ensure that the film quality is applied as uniformly as possible.

In addition, the embodiment controls the process through feedback through a 3D measurement of a material sprayed with a nano ink jet to observe the printer-head at ultra-fast and simultaneously calibrate it in real time. (Calibration) can guarantee the yield of the process.

Next, the pellicle 110 made by 3D printing may be sintered using a high temperature. At this time, the sintering conditions are different depending on the material, and a specific ambient gas is added to stabilize the material during sintering. In the embodiment, sintering of the pellicle may be performed by laser sintering or thermal sintering at a high temperature, for example, around 1400°C.

According to the embodiment, there is a technical effect capable of providing a pellicle including an integrated frame and a membrane suitable for exposure technology using ultra-ultraviolet (EUV), a manufacturing method thereof, an exposure apparatus including a pellicle, and a manufacturing apparatus for a pellicle. .

Specifically, according to the embodiment, there is a technical effect capable of solving the problem of PID (Pellicle Induced Distortion) caused by a difference in thermal characteristics as the material of the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame are different.

In addition, according to the embodiment, there is a technical effect of preventing an out gasing phenomenon due to an adhesive bonding the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame.

In addition, according to the embodiment, there is a technical effect of providing a pellicle capable of free-standing implementation.

Accordingly, according to the embodiment, it has a high transmittance to EUV exposure light so as to be usable in an EUV lithography process, there is no PID issue even with high thermal energy generated by repeated exposure, and has a high tensile strength, so that it is freestanding. ) There is a technical effect that can implement the structure.

Features, structures, effects, and the like described in the embodiments above are included in at least one embodiment, and are not necessarily limited to only one embodiment. Further, the features, structures, effects, and the like illustrated in each embodiment may be combined or modified for other embodiments by a person having ordinary knowledge in the field to which the embodiments belong. Therefore, contents related to such combinations and modifications should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the embodiments.

Although the embodiments have been described above, these are only examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments, and those of ordinary skill in the field to which the embodiments belong are not departing from the essential characteristics of the embodiments. It will be seen that branch transformation and application are possible. For example, each component specifically shown in the embodiment can be modified and implemented. And differences related to these modifications and applications should be construed as being included in the scope of the embodiments set in the appended claims.

Claims (20)

In the pellicle used in the exposure process,
A pellicle membrane through which a predetermined light source is transmitted,
Including a pellicle frame supporting the pellicle membrane,
A pellicle, characterized in that the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame are integrally formed of the same material. The method of claim 1,
The pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame are integrally formed by 3D printing. The method of claim 1,
The pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame
A pellicle having an extinction coefficient of 0.00183 to 0.01709 in a light source of 13.5 nm. The method of claim 3,
The pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame
A pellicle having an extinction coefficient of 10 times or less of the extinction coefficient of Si in a light source of 13.5 nm. The method of claim 1,
The pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame
A pellicle formed by 3D printing, including any one of Zr, Mo, Nb, Si, Si ₃ N ₄ , SiC, graphene, boron carbide (B4C), Ru, Ti, Ba, or a mixture thereof. The method of claim 1,
A pellicle having different horizontal widths at the top and bottom of the pellicle frame. The method of claim 6,
The pellicle frame
A pellicle having a lower first horizontal width in contact with the pellicle membrane than a second horizontal width at an upper part in contact with a predetermined mask substrate. The method of claim 6,
The inner wall of the pellicle frame is vertical, the outer wall is inclined pellicle. The method of claim 6,
The pellicle frame
A pellicle having a lower first horizontal width in contact with the pellicle membrane is larger than a second horizontal width at an upper part in contact with a predetermined mask substrate. The method of claim 6,
The inside of the pellicle frame is an empty pellicle. In the manufacturing method of the pellicle used in the exposure process,
A method of manufacturing a pellicle, characterized in that the pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame are integrally formed of the same material through 3D printing. The method of claim 11,
The pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame
Zr, Mo, Nb, Si, Si ₃ N ₄ , SiC, graphene, boron carbide (B4C), Ru, Ti, Ba, or a mixture of pellicles prepared through 3D printing including any one of Manufacturing method. The method of claim 11,
The pellicle membrane and the pellicle frame,
A method of manufacturing a pellicle that determines whether to print according to the CAD design drawing by simulating through the feedback of a three-dimensional surface with a layer by layer closed loop. Exposure light source;
A reticle to which the exposure light source is irradiated; And
An exposure apparatus comprising a pellicle of any one of claims 1 to 10 disposed on the reticle. The method of claim 14,
The exposure light source is injected and reflected from the lower side of the reticle,
An exposure apparatus for reflecting the exposure light source including a predetermined multi-layer mirror on the mask substrate of the reticle. The method of claim 14,
The pellicle frame
An exposure apparatus formed directly on the mask substrate of the reticle without an adhesive. stage;
Including; a nano nozzle capable of nano-dropping on the substrate on the stage,
The nano nozzle,
Including a plurality of nano nozzles having a plurality of sizes,
The nano nozzle,
Zr, Mo, Nb, Si, Si ₃ N ₄ , SiC, graphene, boron carbide (B4C), Ru, Ti, Ba, or a mixture thereof to prepare a pellicle through 3D printing A device for manufacturing a pellicle. The method of claim 17,
The nano nozzle is
An apparatus for manufacturing a pellicle capable of artificial intelligence mixing control for the plurality of sizes of nano nozzles. The method of claim 17,
An apparatus for manufacturing a pellicle for heat-treating the nano-dropped pellicle material on the substrate with an IR heater and UV. The method of claim 17,
The pellicle,
A device for manufacturing pellicles that is formed by determining whether to print according to the CAD design drawing by simulating through the feedback of the three-dimensional surface with a layer by layer closed loop.

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