KR20200144053A - Wireless Battery Management System and Node for Wireless Communication and Method for Transmitting Data - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wireless battery management system that ensures stability when acquiring battery data through wireless communication. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a battery management system comprises: a manager node which operates a wireless communication-based main channel and a sub channel, and obtains battery data from a monitor node by using the main channel or the sub channel; and the monitor node connected to a battery module, collecting battery data including one or more among voltage, current, temperature, and self-diagnosis data of the battery module, transmitting the collected battery data to the manager node through the main channel, and when battery data transmission through the main channel fails, transmitting the battery data to the manager node through the sub channel.

Description

Wireless Battery Management System and Node for Wireless Communication and Method for Transmitting Data}

The present invention relates to a wireless battery management system, and more particularly, to a wireless battery management system for ensuring stability when acquiring battery data through wireless communication, a node for wireless communication, and a data transmission method.

Research on high-performance batteries capable of repetitive charging and discharging as the demand for portable electronic products such as notebook computers, video cameras, and portable telephones increases rapidly, and development of electric vehicles, energy storage batteries, robots, satellites, etc. Is actively progressing.

The minimum unit of the battery may be referred to as a battery cell, and a plurality of battery cells connected in series may constitute a battery module. In addition, a battery pack may be configured by connecting a plurality of battery modules in series or in parallel.

A battery pack mounted on an electric vehicle or the like generally includes a plurality of battery modules connected in series or parallel to each other. Such a battery pack includes a battery management system that monitors the state of each battery module included therein and executes a control operation corresponding to the monitored state.

The battery management system includes a controller for acquiring and analyzing battery data. However, since each battery module included in the battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells, there is a limit to monitoring the state of all battery cells included in the battery pack using a single controller. Accordingly, in recent years, in order to distribute the load of the controller and quickly and accurately monitor the state of the entire battery pack, the controller is installed for each predetermined number of battery modules included in the battery pack, and then any one of the controllers is mastered. ), and the rest of the controllers as slaves.

The slave controller mounted for each predetermined number of battery modules is connected to the master controller through a wired communication network such as CAN (Control Area Network), collects battery data of the battery module in charge of itself, and transmits the battery data to the master controller. do.

On the other hand, in order to prevent space inefficiency that occurs when a CAN is established for communication between the master controller and the slave controller, a short-range wireless channel is set between the master controller and the slave controller, and the master controller and the slave controller through the wireless channel. A technology for performing short-range wireless communication has emerged.

However, in a short-range wireless communication environment, wireless communication is frequently unstable such as interference, radio signal deterioration, and radio signal collision. When the state of the wireless communication channel is unstable, the master controller may not acquire battery data from the slave controller or control the slave controller in time, which acts as a problem of deteriorating the quality of the entire battery pack.

The present invention provides a wireless battery management system supporting stable communication between a manager node set as a master and a monitor node set as a slave in a wireless communication environment, and a node and data transmission method for wireless communication. This is the technical task.

A battery management system according to an aspect of the present invention includes a manager node that operates a wireless communication-based main channel and a sub-channel and obtains battery data from a monitor node using the main channel or the sub-channel; And a battery module connected to the battery module to collect battery data including one or more of voltage, current, temperature, and self-diagnosis data of the battery module, and transmit the collected battery data to the manager node through the main channel, and the And a monitor node that transmits the battery data to the manager node through the sub channel when battery data transmission through the primary channel fails.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a manager node includes: a first wireless communication unit for forming a first frequency-based main channel with each of a plurality of monitor nodes for collecting battery data; A second wireless communication unit for forming a second frequency-based sub-channel with each of the plurality of monitor nodes; And receiving battery data from each monitor node using the first wireless communication unit, and if there is a first monitor node incapable of communication using the first wireless communication unit, the battery data of the first monitor node is transmitted to the second wireless communication unit. If there is a second monitor node that is received using the communication unit and cannot communicate using the first wireless communication unit and the second wireless communication unit, the relay node is selected using the first wireless communication unit or the second wireless communication unit. And a manager control unit that communicates with a third monitor node to receive battery data of the second monitor node from the third monitor node.

A monitor node according to another aspect of the present invention includes a wireless communication unit configured to communicate with the monitor node by setting to either a main channel or a sub channel through a frequency change; An interface connected to the battery module; And collecting battery data including one or more of voltage, current, and temperature of the battery module using the interface, and transmitting the battery data using one of the main channel or the sub channel set by the wireless communication unit. If it is not possible to transmit the battery data to the manager node using the main channel and the sub-channel, the battery data is broadcast to another monitor node, and is selected as a relay node. And a monitor control unit for transmitting the battery data to the manager node by using the second monitor node as a transit point.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a data transmission method includes: collecting battery data including at least one of voltage, current, temperature, and self-diagnosis data of a battery module; Transmitting the battery data to a manager node through a main channel; And if the transmission of the battery data fails, transmitting the battery data to the manager node through a sub channel.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the state of a main channel formed between a manager node and a monitor node is unstable, the manager node and the manager node are connected by using a sub channel or a monitor node selected as a relay node. By allowing communication between monitor nodes, data omission and communication disconnection are prevented, thereby stably supporting wireless communication.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when communication with a specific monitor node is unstable, the manager node can maintain the stability of the channel as much as possible by changing the primary channel and the sub channel to a stable candidate channel secured through channel search. have.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, since the manager node can communicate with the monitor node using any one of three or more communication paths, it not only performs seamless communication with the monitor node even in a short-range wireless communication environment, but also provides a monitor node. You can control it reliably and quickly.

1 is a diagram illustrating a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a diagram illustrating a data stream according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a diagram illustrating a network state formed when a manager node and a monitor node communicate using only a main channel.
4 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a data frame generated when a manager node and a monitor node communicate using only a primary channel.
5 is a diagram illustrating a network state formed when a manager node and a monitor node communicate using a sub channel.
6 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a data frame generated when a manager node and a monitor node communicate using a sub channel.
7 is a diagram illustrating that data of a monitor node is provided to a manager node through another monitor node.
8 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a data frame generated when a manager node and a monitor node communicate using another monitor node.
9 is a flowchart illustrating a process in which a relay node is configured and battery data is routed through the relay node according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a manager node according to an embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a periodic manager node according to an embodiment of the present invention.
12 is a flowchart illustrating a method of activating a channel change flag in a manager node according to an embodiment of the present invention.
13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a monitor node according to an embodiment of the present invention.
14 is a flowchart illustrating a method for a monitor node to transmit data to a manager node using any one of a primary channel, a sub channel, and a relay node according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The same reference numbers throughout the specification mean substantially the same elements. In the following description, when not related to the core configuration of the present invention and detailed descriptions of configurations and functions known in the technical field of the present invention may be omitted. The meaning of the terms described in this specification should be understood as follows.

Advantages and features of the present invention, and a method of achieving them will become apparent with reference to the embodiments described below in detail together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but will be implemented in various forms different from each other, and only these embodiments make the disclosure of the present invention complete, and common knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains. It is provided to completely inform the scope of the invention to those who have it, and the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims.

The shapes, sizes, ratios, angles, numbers, etc. disclosed in the drawings for explaining the embodiments of the present invention are exemplary, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated matters. The same reference numerals refer to the same components throughout the specification. In addition, in describing the present invention, when it is determined that a detailed description of related known technologies may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

When'include','have','consists of' and the like mentioned in the present specification are used, other parts may be added unless'only' is used. In the case of expressing the constituent elements in the singular, it includes the case of including the plural unless specifically stated otherwise.

In interpreting the constituent elements, it is interpreted as including an error range even if there is no explicit description.

In the case of a description of a temporal relationship, for example, when a temporal predecessor relationship is described as'after to','following to','after to','to to the next','before to', etc., ' It may also include cases that are not continuous unless'direct' or'direct' is used.

First, second, etc. are used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another component. Accordingly, the first component mentioned below may be a second component within the technical idea of the present invention.

The term “at least one” is to be understood as including all possible combinations from one or more related items. For example, the meaning of “at least one of the first item, the second item, and the third item” means 2 among the first item, the second item, and the third item, as well as each of the first item, the second item, and the third item. It may mean a combination of all items that can be presented from more than one.

Each of the features of the various embodiments of the present invention can be partially or entirely combined or combined with each other, technically various interlocking and driving are possible, and each of the embodiments can be implemented independently of each other or can be implemented together in a related relationship. May be.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present specification will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a diagram illustrating a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1, a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a manager node 100 and a plurality of monitor nodes 200-N, and includes a manager node 100 and a monitor node 200- N) perform wireless communication with each other.

In the battery management system, the manager node 100 includes a controller set as a master, and the monitor node 200-N includes a controller set as a slave.

As an embodiment, the manager node 100 and the monitor node 200-N may wirelessly communicate with each other through a short-range wireless communication protocol based on IEEE 802.15.4+. As another embodiment, the manager node 100 and the monitor node 200-N can wirelessly communicate with each other using a protocol based on any one of IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15, IEEE 802.15.4, etc. It is also possible to communicate wirelessly with each other using the short-range wireless protocol of.

The monitor node 200-N is mounted on one or more battery modules in which cells are aggregated, and collects battery data including voltage, current, temperature, humidity, and the like generated from the battery module. In addition, the monitor node 200-N self-checks the status of the battery module, such as measuring the AFE (Analog Front End) of the battery module it is mounted on, and checking the status of the battery module (i.e., diagnostic test). It is also possible to generate self-diagnosis data with recorded data.

The manager node 100 receives battery data including one or more of current, voltage, temperature, and self-diagnosis data from each monitor node 200-N, and analyzes the received battery data to determine the status of each battery module. Or monitor the condition of the battery pack. The manager node 100 analyzes data of each battery module received from each monitor node 200-N, and estimates the state of each battery module (eg, SOC, SOH) and the state of the entire battery pack. May be.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the manager node 100 includes two or more wireless communication units 110 and 120. The wireless communication units 110 and 120 may include a circuit and an antenna for performing short-range wireless communication. One of the wireless communication units included in the manager node 100 operates as the main wireless communication unit 110 and the other wireless communication unit operates as the secondary wireless communication unit 120. The main wireless communication unit 110 forms a main channel with each of the monitor nodes 200-N using a first frequency, and the sub wireless communication unit 120 uses the second frequency to form a main channel, respectively. Widow forming channels. In consideration of frequency interference between the main channel and the sub-channel, the frequency of the main channel and the main frequency of the sub-channel may be set to be spaced apart from each other by more than a preset frequency value (eg, 30 MHz).

In addition, the manager node 100 preferentially acquires data of the battery module from each monitor node 200-N through a main channel. The manager node 100 acquires data of the specific monitor node 200-N through a sub channel when communication with the specific monitor node 200-N through the main channel is impossible.

On the other hand, when the manager node 100 cannot communicate with the specific monitor node 200-N through the main channel and the sub channel, the specific monitor node 200-N from the monitor node 200-N set as a relay node Receive battery data.

As shown in FIG. 1, the nodes 100 and 200-N communicate with each other in a short range to form a mesh-type network. In addition, a monitor node 200-N participating in the network may withdraw from the network, and a new monitor node 200-N may participate in the network. The new monitor node (200-N) participating in the network broadcasts its identification information (e.g., address) to inform the nodes (100, 200-N) participating in the network of its identification information, and participates in the network. By obtaining the identification information of each node (100, 200-N) in progress, it is possible to participate in the network.

When a new node, that is, a new monitor node 200-N, participates, the manager node 100 identifies the currently operating main channel (eg, the frequency of the main channel) and the sub-channel identification information (eg, the frequency of the sub-channel). Is transmitted to the new monitor node 200-N to communicate with the new monitor node 200-N through a primary channel first, and if the state of the primary channel is abnormal, the new monitor node 200 uses the sub channel. -N) can communicate.

The manager node 100 searches for channels other than the main channel and the sub channel using the main wireless communication unit 110 or the sub wireless communication unit 120, evaluates the quality of each channel, and has the highest quality among the channels. A good channel may be selected as a spare main channel, and the best channel may be selected as a spare sub channel among channels in which a difference between the spare main channel and a preset separation frequency (eg, 30 MHz) or more occurs. The spare primary channel and the spare secondary channel are channels used as a primary channel and a secondary channel when channel change is performed. This channel search (ie, channel scanning) may be repeated at a predetermined periodic interval, and accordingly, each of the spare main channel and the spare sub channel can be changed at any time.

In order to evaluate the quality of the channel, the manager node 100 searches for channels from time to time using the main wireless communication unit 110 or the sub wireless communication unit 120, and uses energy detection and frames for each searched channel. Perform frame detection. The energy detection is to detect the energy level of a frequency used in a corresponding channel, and a result value in dB is displayed, and as the dB value is higher, it may be determined that the channel has a larger amount of usage. Further, the frame detection is to check whether a preamble of other data frames not being used by the manager node 100 exists, and a frame detection or a frame non-detection appears as a result value. That is, the manager node 100 measures the energy level value of the frequency used in the corresponding channel through energy detection, and through frame detection, other data frames other than the data frame (refer to FIG. 2) according to the present invention are transmitted and received on the corresponding channel. Check whether there is. A weight is applied to the energy detection result value so that the lower the energy detection result value of the channel, the higher the quality evaluation value of the channel, and when a frame is not detected in the channel, the frame detection result increases the quality evaluation value of the channel. A weight is applied to the value. Accordingly, the manager node 100 may select a channel in which the frame is not detected and the energy result value is low as the spare main channel.

The manager node 100 continuously monitors whether the state of the main channel currently being used is abnormal, and when it is determined that the channel state is abnormal, activates a channel change flag (ie, flag = true). In addition, the manager node 100 transmits channel change data including the activated channel change flag, identification information (eg, frequency) of the currently set reserved main channel, and identification information of the reserved sub-channel to all monitor nodes 200-N. Broadcast to.

When the channel change data is broadcast in this way, at a predetermined time, the manager node 100 and the monitor node 200-N change the primary channel to the spare primary channel, and change the secondary channel to the spare secondary channel. Change. The promised time point for the channel change may be after a predetermined time has elapsed from the time point at which the channel change data is broadcast. In another embodiment, after setting the channel change time, the manager node 100 may include the set time in the channel change data. In this case, the manager node 100 and the monitor node 200-N At the time of channel change, the main channel and the sub channel can be changed.

The manager node 100 and the monitor node 200 -N may communicate using a data frame having a predefined format. The manager node 100 transmits a beacon initially disposed in the data frame to each of the monitor nodes 200-N to synchronize slot timings included in the data frame.

2 is a diagram illustrating a data stream according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2, a data stream used in wireless communication of the present invention includes a plurality of time slots such as a manager slot, a transmission slot, and a routing slot, and the data stream Has a constant length of time (Tms). In addition, each of the manager slot, the transmission slot, and the routing slot is assigned a preset time interval to the data stream, and the arrangement order is also constant. The first manager slot arranged in the data stream is a dedicated slot used by the manager node 100 and includes a beacon. The beacon synchronizes slot timing by performing a function of notifying the start of a data stream. The manager node 100 continuously transmits the beacon at regular intervals. The manager node 100 transmits the beacon through each of a primary channel and a sub channel. In this case, the manager node 100 may have different timings for transmitting beacons between the main channel and the sub channel or set the same.

The monitor node 200 -N recognizes the start time of the data stream based on the beacon, and may extract a manager slot, a time slot, and a routing slot having a time allocated in advance based on the beacon from the data stream. Also, the monitor node 200-N may determine the communication state of each of the main channel and the sub channel based on whether or not the beacon signal is continuously received.

In the data stream, the manager slot is a slot used by the manager node 100 to control the monitor node 200-N. The manager slot may include channel change data or a relay node list.

The transmission slot is a section in which data of each monitor node 200-N is transmitted, and is a dedicated slot for each monitor node 200-N. The transmission slot may be divided according to the number of expandable monitor nodes 200-N or the number of monitor nodes currently communicating (ie, participating in the network), and the divided transmission slot period is a specific monitor It is allocated for node 200-N. In Figure 2, the transmission slot is divided into 6 sections, M1 is monitor node #1 (200-1), M2 is monitor node #2 (200-2), M3 is monitor node #3 (200-3), M4 Exemplifies that monitor node #4 (200-4), M5 is monitor node #5 (200-5), and M6 is a dedicated slot of a monitor node allocated to monitor node #6 (200-6). In addition, the routing slot is a slot used when there is a monitor node 200-N that cannot communicate in both the primary channel and the secondary channel, and a routing path of data and battery data are recorded. The situation in which the routing slot is used will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.

Meanwhile, since the routing slot is not a slot allocated only to one of the monitor nodes 200-N, when data is transmitted during the routing slot, data collision may occur. Accordingly, each monitor node 200-N applies its identification information (e.g., host name, address, serial number, etc.) to the random function as a seed, and then transmits the result value of the random function to the routing slot. It can be decided by timing. As a result of the random function, any one time point may occur in a section to which a routing slot is allocated. For example, when the routing slot has a time interval in the range of 91 to 100 ms, the result of the random function is any one of 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100 May be, and the monitor node 200-N may determine this result value as the transmission timing of the routing slot. On the other hand, since the transmission timing determined using the random function may overlap between the monitor nodes 200-N, the monitor node 200-N does not use a routing slot in the other monitor node 200-N, At this available exclusive time, data included in the routing slot is transmitted. In this case, the monitor node 200-N may exclusively transmit data during a routing slot based on Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA-CA).

The monitor node 200-N includes one wireless communication unit 210-N, and communicates with the manager node 100 using the wireless communication unit 210-N, and in addition to the surrounding monitor node 200-N ) Also communicates. Under the control of the manager node 100, the monitor node 200-N receives one or more of sensing information (eg, temperature, humidity, voltage, current, etc.) of one or more battery modules on which it is mounted, and a self-diagnosis result. The included battery data may be collected and reported to the manager node 100.

The monitor node 200 -N preferentially communicates with the manager node 100 through a main channel. When communicating through a main channel, a wireless link is formed between the main wireless communication unit 110 of the manager node 100 and the wireless communication unit 210-N of the monitor node 200-N. On the other hand, if the communication state of the main channel is abnormal, the monitor node 200 -N communicates with the manager node 100 using a sub channel instead of the main channel.

The monitor node 200-N changes the frequency of the wireless communication unit 210-N so that the main channel and the sub channel are alternately changed at regular intervals, so that the beacon is continuously received on the main channel and the beacon on the sub channel. By monitoring whether or not is continuously received, the state of the main channel and the sub channel can be checked. When the beacon is normally received on the main channel, the monitor node 200-N communicates with the manager node 100 using the main channel, and if the beacon is not received on the main channel (that is, the beacon is received on the main channel for a certain period of time). If not), it communicates with the manager node 100 using a sub channel.

If both the main channel and the sub channel with the manager node 100 are abnormal, the corresponding monitor node 200-N broadcasts data to be transmitted to the manager node 100 to other monitor nodes 200-N nearby. , The own data is transmitted to the manager node 100 through one or more other monitor nodes 200-N selected as relay nodes. A method of configuring a relay node in the manager node 100 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 9.

3 is a diagram illustrating a network state formed when a manager node and a monitor node communicate using only a main channel.

4 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a data frame generated when a manager node and a monitor node communicate using only a primary channel.

3 and 4, when all main channels between the manager node and the monitor node 200-N operate normally, data transmitted and received between the manager node 100 and the monitor node 200-N is the main channel. In addition, the manager node 100 communicates with each of the monitor nodes 200 -N using the main wireless communication unit 110. In FIG. 3, a radio link formed between the manager node 100 and the monitor node 200 -N is indicated by a solid line.

As shown in FIG. 4, battery data transmitted from the monitor node 200-N to the manager node 100 is transmitted through a primary channel, and as all of the primary channels are normal, the secondary channel is channel) and routing slots do not contain battery data. In FIG. 4, "P" in the square box means battery data collected by the corresponding monitor node 200-N.

In this state, in a state in which the main channel is being used, the sub-channel may be used in the specific monitor node 200-3 due to the inability to communicate between the specific monitor node 200-3 and the manager node 100. have.

5 is a diagram illustrating a network state formed when a manager node and a monitor node communicate using a sub channel.

6 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a data frame generated when a manager node and a monitor node communicate using a sub channel.

5 and 6, the main channel communication between the monitor node #3 (200-3) and the manager node 100 is impossible. Accordingly, the sub-channel between the monitor node #3 (200-3) and the manager node 100 It is illustrated by communicating with each other through When the manager node 100 or the monitor node #3 200-3 detects that the state of the main channel is bad, it may transmit battery data through the sub channel. For example, the monitor node #3 (200-3) transmits battery data to the manager node 100 using the main channel during the transmission slot allocated to it, but the response (ACK) is received during a preset time. It may not be received through the main channel. In this case, the monitor node #3 (200-3) determines that communication of the main channel is impossible, and changes the frequency of the wireless communication unit 210-3 to the frequency of the sub-channel, and uses the sub-channel instead of the main channel. The battery data can be transmitted. As another example, when the beacon signal is not received for a preset time in the main channel, the monitor node #3 200-3 changes the frequency of the wireless communication unit 210-3 to the frequency of the sub channel, The battery data may be transmitted through a sub channel instead of the main channel.

6, a sub channel is used only between the monitor node #3 200-3 and the manager node 100, and the remaining monitor nodes 200-1, 200-2, 200-4, 200-5, and 200-6 ) Exemplifies a data frame displayed when communication is performed using a main channel. As shown in FIG. 6, data of monitor node #3 (200-3) is transmitted to the manager node 100 through a sub channel, and the remaining monitor node #1 (200-1) and monitor node #2 (200) are -2) Battery data of monitor node #4 (200-4), monitor node #5 (200-5), and monitor node #6 (200-6) are transmitted through the main channel.

On the other hand, if communication between both the main channel and the sub channel is poor, the monitor node 200 -N may transmit battery data to the manager node 100 using another monitor node 200 -N selected as a relay node. .

7 is a diagram illustrating that data of a monitor node is provided to a manager node through another monitor node.

8 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a data frame generated when a manager node and a monitor node communicate using another monitor node.

One or more monitor nodes 200-N from among a plurality of monitor nodes 200-N are selected as relay nodes. The selection of the relay node is determined by the manager node 100. The manager node 100 may select a relay node based on the received signal strength (eg, RSSI) for each monitor node 200-N, as described later through FIG. 9.

7 and 8, the monitor node #2 (200-2) is selected as a relay node, and the data of the monitor node #3 (300-3) is routed to the manager node 100 is illustrated.

When the monitor node #3 (200-3) detects that both the main channel and the sub channel cannot communicate, the battery data to be transmitted to the manager node 100 is transmitted to other monitor nodes (200-1, 200-2, 200-4). , 200-5, 200-6). For example, monitor node #3 (200-3) transmits battery data to the manager node 100 using a sub channel during a dedicated transmission slot, but the response (ACK) of the manager node 100 during a preset time period. If it is not received in the sub-channel, it is determined that communication of not only the main channel but also the sub-channel is impossible, and the battery data is transmitted to the peripheral monitor nodes 200-1, 200-2, 200-4, 200-5, 200-6. ) To broadcast. In this case, the monitor node #3 200-3 may broadcast the battery data using either a main channel or a sub channel, or both channels. In order to prevent data collision with other monitor nodes, monitor node #3 (200-3) does not use the routing slot in the other monitor node, and at the exclusive time when only it can use the routing slot, Transmit included battery data. At this time, monitor node #3 200-3 may broadcast battery data during a routing slot based on CSMA-CA. Then, the monitor node #2 (200-2) selected as the relay node transmits the battery data received from the monitor node #3 (200-3) to the manager node 100. Similarly, the monitor node #2 (200-2) also transmits the data of the monitor node #3 (300-3) to the manager node 100 based on the CSMA-CA.

Meanwhile, monitor nodes not selected as relay nodes ignore data received from monitor node #3 (200-3) without routing.

In FIG. 7, it is determined that communication between the manager node 100 and the monitor node #3 (200-3) is impossible for both the main channel and the sub channel, so that the battery data of the monitor node #3 (200-3) is a relay node. It exemplifies routing through #2 (200-2).

8 shows that battery data is routed between the monitor node #3 200-3 and the manager node 100 using a relay node, and the remaining monitor nodes 200-1, 200-2, 200-4, and 200-5 , 200-6) exemplifies a data frame shown when direct communication is performed using a main channel. As shown in FIG. 8, data transmitted and received between the monitor node #3 200-3 and the manager node 100 is transmitted and received during a routing slot. Node information (i.e., routing information) to which the corresponding data is transmitted is recorded in the routing slot, and the counterpart node receiving the data through the routing slot reverses the routing information and sends the data or response (ACK) to the corresponding node. Can be transmitted. The routing slot shown in FIG. 8 indicates that data is transmitted to the monitor node #3 (200-3) -> monitor node #2 (200-2) -> manager node 100.

9 is a flowchart illustrating a process in which a relay node is configured and battery data is routed through the relay node according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 9, when data is received from each monitor node 200-N, the manager node 100 checks the received signal strength of each monitor node 200-N occurring at the time of receiving the data. do. The received signal strength is measured by receiving the radio signal transmitted from the monitor node 200-N by the manager node 100, and the manager node 100 can use the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) as the received signal strength. have.

Subsequently, the manager node 100 sorts the received signal strength for each monitor node 200-N in order of magnitude, and selects monitor node nodes within a predetermined ranking (eg, 3 ranking) as relay nodes among them, A relay node list in which identification information of the monitor nodes selected as the relay node is recorded is generated (S903). At this time, the manager node 100 assigns the priority of the monitor nodes 200-N in the order of the highest received signal strength, and includes this priority information in the relay node list. In FIG. 9, monitor node #1 (200-1), monitor node #2 (200-2), and monitor node #6 (200-6) are selected as relay nodes, and the priority is monitor node #2 (200-). 2), monitor node #1 (200-1), and monitor node #6 (200-6) are assumed to be in the order.

Next, the manager node 100 transmits the relay node list to each of the monitor nodes 200-1, 200-2, 200-6 selected as the relay node (S905, S907, S909), and the relay node Let the list be stored in the corresponding monitor nodes 200-1, 200-2, and 200-6. As another embodiment, the manager node 100 may broadcast the relay node list. On the other hand, the manager node 100 checks the received signal strength of the monitor node 200-N from time to time, creates a new relay node list, and transmits the new relay node list to the monitor node 200-N and stores it. You can also update the list of relay nodes in progress.

In the state where the relay node is selected, monitor node #3 (200-3) transfers battery data to other monitor nodes at the time when the routing slot is exclusively available when data transmission fails using both the main channel and the sub channel. Broadcast to (200-1, 200-2, 200-4, 200-5, 200-6) (S911, S913). At this time, the monitor node #3 (200-3) may broadcast the battery data using either a main channel or a sub channel, or both channels. In addition, monitor node #3 (200-3) broadcasts the battery data in a routing slot section.

Then, when the broadcasted battery data is received, each of monitor node #1 (200-1), monitor node #2 (200-2), and monitor node #6 (200-6) selected as the relay node receives the battery data. Is temporarily stored (S915, S917, S919). The monitor nodes 200-4 and 200-5 that are not selected as relay nodes delete the battery data without storing even if battery data is received from the monitor node #3 200-3. On the other hand, depending on the communication status with the monitor node #2 (200-2), some of the monitor nodes (200-1, 200-2, 200-6) selected as relay nodes may not be able to receive the battery data. have. In preparation for such a case, a plurality of relay nodes may be selected.

When monitor node #2 (200-2) selected as the first priority among relay nodes receives the broadcasted battery data, monitor node #2 (200-2) uses the battery data as a main channel or a sub channel. Then, it is transmitted to the manager node 100 (S921). Similarly, the monitor node #2 (200-2) also transmits the battery data to the manager node 100 when the routing slot can be exclusively used.

Monitor node #1 (200-1) and monitor node #6 (200-6), which are selected as relay nodes and have low priority, monitor whether battery data is routed from monitor node #2 (200-2). The monitor node #1 (200-1) and the monitor node #6 (200-6) check whether the battery data is routed to the manager node 100 during the routing slot of the main channel or the sub channel, and monitor node # In step 2 (200-2), it may be determined whether the battery data is normally routed.

As a result of the monitoring, monitor node #1 (200-1) and monitor node #6 (200-6) normally route the battery data of monitor node #3 (200-3) from monitor node #2 (200-2). In the case of (ie, transmission to the manager node), the temporarily stored data of the monitor node #3 (200-3) is deleted (S923, S925).

Meanwhile, if the monitor node #2 (200-2) fails to transmit the battery data of the monitor node #3 (200-3) to the manager node 100 during a preset time, the monitor node # corresponding to the second priority. 1 (200-1) transmits the battery data of the monitor node #3 (200-3) temporarily stored to the manager node (100). In addition, if the monitor node #1 (200-1) fails to transmit the battery data of the monitor node #3 (200-3) to the manager node 100, the monitor node #6 (200-6) corresponding to the third priority. The battery data of the monitor node #3 (200-3) being temporarily stored is transmitted to the manager node 100.

Meanwhile, the routing path of the battery data is recorded in the routing slot. When receiving the battery data of the monitor node #3 (200-3), the manager node 100 may transmit a response (ACK) to the monitor node #3 (200-3) in reverse order of the routing path.

As described above, if the monitor node #2 (200-2), which is the first relay node, routes the battery data of the monitor node #3 (200-3), but the routing in the relay node in the first order fails, 2 The relay nodes of the priority and third priority sequentially perform the routing of the battery data.

10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a manager node according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 10, the manager node 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first wireless communication unit 110, a second wireless communication unit 120, a storage unit 130, and a manager control unit 140. Include.

The first wireless communication unit 110, as the above-described main wireless communication unit, forms a main channel with the monitor node 200-N.

The second wireless communication unit 120 is the sub wireless communication unit described above, and forms a sub channel with the monitor node 200-N.

The first wireless communication unit 110 and the second wireless communication unit 120 are provided with a radio frequency (RF) circuit for performing short-range wireless communication. In addition, the first wireless communication unit 110 and the second wireless communication unit 120 broadcast beacons at regular intervals. Transmission timings of the beacon transmitted from the first wireless communication unit 110 and the beacon transmitted from the second wireless communication unit 120 may be the same or different.

The storage unit 130 is a storage means such as a memory or a disk device, and stores various programs and data for the manager node 100 to operate. In particular, the storage unit 130 may store a program (or instruction set) in which an algorithm for executing an operation of the manager node 100 is defined. In addition, the storage unit 130 may store battery data received from each of the monitor nodes 200 -N.

The manager control unit 140 is an operation processing device such as a microprocessor, and controls the overall operation of the manager node 100 and generates data for controlling the monitor node 200-N. The manager control unit 140 may perform wireless communication and channel change according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention after loading data related to a program (or instruction set) stored in the storage unit 130 into a memory.

The manager control unit 140 acquires battery data of each monitor node 200-N using the first wireless communication unit 110 or the second wireless communication unit 120, and analyzes the battery data to determine the monitor node 200. -N) can analyze the status of the installed battery modules. In addition, the manager controller 140 may comprehensively analyze each battery data to determine the state of the battery pack and control charging and discharging.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the manager control unit 140 sets the frequency of the first wireless communication unit 110 as the first frequency of the main channel, and uses the first wireless communication unit 110 to each monitor node ( 200-N) and a short-range wireless link can be established. In addition, the manager control unit 140 sets the frequency of the second wireless communication unit 120 as a second frequency of the sub-channel, and uses the second wireless communication unit 120 to be close to one or more monitor nodes 200-N. A wireless link can be established. In addition, the manager control unit 140 communicates with the monitor node 200-N by preferentially using the first wireless communication unit 110, but through a main channel (ie, the first wireless communication unit) If communication is not possible using the communication unit), the specific monitor node 200-N may communicate with the sub-channel formed by the second wireless communication unit 120.

Meanwhile, the manager control unit 140 searches for channels other than the main channel and the sub channel using the second wireless communication unit 120 or the first wireless communication unit 110, and after evaluating the quality of each channel, The channel with the best quality is selected as the spare main channel. In addition, the manager control unit 140 may select a channel having the best quality from among channels in which a difference greater than or equal to the pre-set separation frequency (eg, 30 MHz) is selected as the preliminary sub-channel.

In order to evaluate the quality of the channel, the manager control unit 140 searches for channels from time to time using the first wireless communication unit 110 or the second wireless communication unit 120, and detects energy for each searched channel. After performing and frame detection, the first weight is applied to the energy detection result value of the channel, the second weight is applied to the frame detection result of the channel, and the energy detection result value and frame detection result to which the weight is applied. By summing the values, the quality of each channel can be evaluated as a numerical value.

The manager control unit 140 continuously monitors the state of the currently set main channel. The manager control unit 140 may check the degree of deterioration of the main channel using one or more of a response message (ACK) or the number of non-receiving data, an energy detection result of the main channel, and a frame detection result of the main channel. At this time, the manager controller 140 applies a third weight to the number of non-receptions, applies a fourth weight to the energy detection result value of the main channel, and applies a fifth weight to the frame detection result of the main channel, By summing the number of non-reception to which the weight is applied, the energy paper detection result value, and the frame detection result value, the degree of deterioration of the main channel can be checked as a numerical value. The first weight and the fourth weight may be the same, and the second weight and the fifth weight may be the same.

When it is determined that the main channel is deteriorated, the manager controller 140 may proceed with a process of changing the channel. Specifically, when it is determined that the main channel is deteriorated, the manager control unit 140 activates the channel change flag (ie, flag=true), and checks the identification information of the currently selected reserved main channel and the reserved sub-channel. do. In addition, the manager control unit 140 broadcasts the channel change data including the channel change flag activation information, the reserved main channel identification information, and the reserved sub-channel identification information to all the monitor nodes 200-N. In this case, the manager control unit 140 may broadcast the channel change data using both the first wireless communication unit 110 and the second wireless communication unit 120. In this case, the manager control unit 140 may broadcast the channel change data during the manager slot among the slots of the data frame. In addition, the manager control unit 140 may include a channel change time point in the channel change data.

When the channel change flag is activated, the manager control unit 140 changes the main channel by changing the frequency of the first wireless communication unit 110 to the frequency of the spare main channel at the time of the channel change, and the second wireless communication unit 120 ) To change the frequency of the spare sub-channel to change the sub-channel. When the channel change is completed, the manager control unit 140 deactivates the channel change flag (ie, flag = false).

In addition, the manager control unit 140 uses at least one of the first wireless communication unit 110 or the second wireless communication unit 120, as in the description with reference to FIG. 9, to receive signals from each of the monitor nodes 200-N. The strength is measured, and a relay node list including identification information and priority of the relay node may be generated based on the received signal strength of the monitor node 200-2. The manager controller 140 may broadcast the relay node list to the monitor node 200-N, or multicast the relay node list to the monitor node 200-N included in the relay node list.

11 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a periodic manager node according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 11, when the operation period arrives, the manager control unit 140 checks whether the channel change flag is activated (S1101).

When the channel change flag is activated (no in S1103), the manager control unit 140 changes the main channel by changing the frequency of the first wireless communication unit 110 to the frequency of the reserved main channel at the promised time, and further The sub-channel is changed by changing the frequency of the wireless communication unit 120 to the frequency of the spare sub-channel (S1105). When the channel change is completed, the manager control unit 140 deactivates the channel change flag (ie, flag = false).

When the channel change flag is deactivated (Yes in S1103), the manager control unit 140 uses each of the first wireless communication unit 110 and the second wireless communication unit 120 to transmit data including beacons and control commands during the manager slot. Then, it is transmitted to the monitor node 200-N (S1107). That is, the manager controller 140 transmits the data through each of the main channel and the sub channel. In FIG. 11, the control command is described as a command requesting battery data.

Subsequently, the manager control unit 140 determines whether or not a response (ACK) indicating whether the data has been successfully received is received from all the monitor nodes 200-N through the first wireless communication unit 110 and the second wireless communication unit 120. After checking, if there is a monitor node 200-N that has not received a response (ACK) (no in S1109), the number of non-reception is increased corresponding to the number of unreceived responses (ACK) (S1111). The number of non-reception is used to calculate the degree of degradation of the main channel.

On the other hand, when the response (ACK) is received from all the monitor nodes 200-N (yes in S1109), the manager control unit 140 determines the battery data of each monitor node 200-N according to the control command. Wait for reception (S1113). When the battery data according to the control command is not received from one or more monitor nodes 200-N and data is missing (no in S1115), the manager controller 140 determines the number of non-receptions corresponding to the number of missing battery data. Increase (S1111).

Meanwhile, when the battery data according to the control command is received from all monitor nodes 200-N, the manager control unit 140 stores the data received from each monitor node 200-N in the storage unit 130. (S1117).

The above-described procedure according to FIG. 11 corresponds to one cycle, and the manager control unit 140 repeats each step of FIG. 11 at regular intervals.

12 is a flowchart illustrating a method of activating a channel change flag in a manager node according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 12, the manager control unit 140 of the manager node 100 monitors whether or not a preset analysis period arrives, and when the analysis period arrives (yes in S1201), the first wireless communication unit 110 is used. Thus, after energy detection and frame detection for the main channel are performed, the energy detection result value and the frame detection result value for the main channel are checked (S1203).

Next, the manager control unit 140 checks the currently counted number of non-receptions (S1205), assigns different weights to each of the number of non-receptions, the energy detection result value of the main channel, and the frame detection, and the number of non-receptions to which the weight is applied. , The energy detection result value and the frame detection result value are summed to calculate a channel degradation degree (S1207).

Subsequently, the manager control unit 140 checks whether the calculated channel deterioration degree is within a preset normal range, and when the channel deterioration degree deviates from the normal range (Yes in S1209), it starts a channel change process. . That is, the manager control unit 140 activates the channel change flag currently set to be inactive (S1211), and checks the currently set spare main channel and the spare sub-channel (S1213). Next, the manager control unit 140 broadcasts the channel change data including the activated channel change flag, the identification information of the spare main channel, and the identification information of the spare sub-channel to all the monitor nodes 200-N ( S1215). In this case, the manager control unit 140 may broadcast the channel change data through both the main channel and the sub channel using both the first wireless communication unit 110 and the second wireless communication unit 120. The channel change data is broadcast during the manager slot of the data frame.

13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a monitor node according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 13, the monitor node 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a wireless communication unit 210, a storage unit 220, an interface 230, and a monitor control unit 240.

The wireless communication unit 210 preferentially communicates with the manager node 100 through a main channel. However, if communication of the main channel is impossible, the wireless communication unit 210 communicates with the manager node 100 by changing to a frequency of a sub channel. The wireless communication unit 210 includes an RF circuit for performing short-range wireless communication. The wireless communication unit 210 may change the frequency so that the main channel and the sub channel are alternately changed at regular time intervals. Accordingly, the monitor node 200 may monitor the state of the main channel and the sub channel even by using one wireless communication unit 210.

The storage unit 220 is a storage means such as a memory or a disk device, and stores various programs and data for the monitor node 200 to operate. In particular, the storage unit 220 stores a program (or instruction set) in which an algorithm for executing the operation of the monitor node 200-N is defined.

The interface 230 is a component supporting communication connection with the battery module 20 on which the monitor node 200 is mounted, and a bus line, a cable, etc. may be used, or CAN communication may be used. The monitor node 200 may acquire battery data generated from the battery module 20 through the interface 230.

The monitor control unit 240 is an operation processing device such as a microprocessor and controls the overall operation of the monitor node 200. After loading data related to a program (or instruction set) stored in the storage unit 220 into a memory, the monitor control unit 240 may perform wireless communication and channel change according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The monitor control unit 240 acquires various data such as temperature, current, and voltage of the battery module 20 through the interface 230, and measures the AFE (Analog Front End) of the battery module 20, and checks the state (i.e., diagnostic test), etc. In addition, the monitor controller 240 transmits battery data including one or more of voltage, current, temperature, and self-diagnosis data to the manager node 100 using the wireless communication unit 210. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the monitor control unit 240 checks whether the beacon of the main channel and the beacon of the sub channel are continuously being received by the wireless communication unit 210, and the communication status of each of the main channel and the sub channel is Can grasp. The monitor control unit 240 determines a channel in which the beacon is not received after a predetermined period of time as a communication impossible channel.

When both the main channel and the sub channel can communicate, the monitor control unit 240 may communicate with the manager node 100 using the main channel. When it is determined that the main channel is not capable of communication, the monitor control unit 240 communicates with the manager node 100 using a sub channel. The monitor control unit 240 may transmit battery data to the manager node 100 through communication using a main channel or a sub channel, and transmit control data such as a channel change instruction, a check instruction, and a data report instruction to the manager node 100. ).

Meanwhile, when a relay node list is received from the manager node 100, the monitor controller 240 stores the relay node list in the storage unit 220. When the list of relay nodes includes identification information of the monitor node 200 on which it is mounted, the monitor control unit 240 may transmit battery data broadcasted by another monitor node to the manager node 100.

On the other hand, the monitor controller 240 broadcasts battery data to be transmitted to the manager node 100 to other monitor nodes when communication with the manager node 100 is impossible even when using both the main channel and the sub channel, The battery data is routed to the manager node 100 through another monitor node selected as a relay node. The monitor control unit 240 may apply its identification information to the random function as a seed, and then determine the result value of the random function as the transmission timing of the routing slot. At this point, the battery data may be broadcast to other monitor nodes. Since the transmission timing may overlap between the monitor nodes, the monitor control unit 240 may broadcast battery data included in the routing slot at an exclusive time when other monitor nodes do not use the routing slot. In an embodiment, the monitor control unit 240 may broadcast the battery data using CSMA-CA.

When the wireless communication unit 210 receives channel change data including channel change flag activation information, reserved main channel identification information, and reserved sub-channel identification information from the manager node 100, the monitor control unit 240 receives the channel change flag Activate. In addition, at the appointed time, the monitor control unit 240 changes the frequency of the main channel set in the wireless communication unit 210 to the frequency of the reserved main channel, and changes the frequency of the sub-channel set in the wireless communication unit 210 to the spare unit. Change to the frequency of the channel.

14 is a flowchart illustrating a method for transmitting data to a manager node by a monitor node using any one of a primary channel, a sub channel, and a relay node according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 14, the monitor control unit 240 of the monitor node 200 continuously checks the beacons of the main channel and the sub channel using the wireless communication unit 210 (S1401).

Subsequently, when a manager slot including a beacon is received from the wireless communication unit 210, the monitor control unit 240 acquires battery data corresponding to a command included in the manager slot. Subsequently, the monitor control unit 240 proceeds to select a path for transmitting the battery data. Specifically, the monitor control unit 240 determines whether the main channel is normal (ie, communication is possible) based on the checked beacon of the main channel (S1403). When the beacon is received through the main channel formed by the wireless communication unit 210, the monitor control unit 240 may determine that the main channel is normal. If the beacon is not received within a certain time, the main channel is abnormal and communication is not possible. It can be judged as impossible. Next, if the main channel is normal (S1403 yes), the monitor control unit 240 transmits the battery data to the manager node 100 using the main channel formed in the wireless communication unit 210 (S1405).

Next, the monitor control unit 240 monitors whether the ACK message is received within a predetermined time through the main channel of the wireless communication unit 210 (S1407). When the ACK message is received from the manager node 100 through the main channel within the predetermined time (Yes in S1407), the monitor control unit 240 determines that the battery data has been normally transmitted to the manager node 100 and performs a cycle. It ends.

On the other hand, if communication of the main channel is impossible because the state of the main channel is abnormal in step S1403, or if ACK is not received within a predetermined time in step S1407, the monitor control unit 240 determines that the state of the sub channel is normal based on the beacon of the sub channel. Whether or not it is determined (S1409). When the beacon is received through the sub channel formed by the wireless communication unit 210, the monitor control unit 240 may determine that the sub channel is normal, and if the beacon is not received within a predetermined time, the sub channel is abnormal. It can be determined that communication is impossible.

Next, the monitor control unit 240 transmits the battery data to the manager node 100 using the sub channel formed by the wireless communication unit 210 if communication of the sub channel is possible because the sub channel is normal (Yes in S1409). It is transmitted to (S1411). When the ACK message is received from the manager node 100 through the sub channel within the predetermined time (Yes in S1413), the monitor control unit 240 determines that the battery data has been normally transmitted to the manager node 100 and performs a cycle. It ends.

On the other hand, as a result of the determination in step S1409, if communication of the sub-channel is impossible because the state of the sub-channel is abnormal, or if an ACK is not received from the sub-channel within a predetermined time in step S1413, the battery data is broadcast to a neighboring monitor node and relayed Battery data is transmitted through a monitor node set as a node (S1415).

Meanwhile, the monitor node 200 may be selected as a relay node under the control of the manager node 100. In this way, in a state in which the monitor node 200 is selected as a relay node, when the battery data broadcast from another monitor node is received by the wireless communication unit 210, the monitor control unit 240 is a relay node stored in the storage unit 220 Check the priority of the monitor node 200 in the list. In addition, the monitor control unit 240 monitors whether the battery data is routed from another monitor node having a higher priority than the priority and is selected as a relay node, and deletes the battery data when routing is completed. On the other hand, when the routing of the battery data fails in another monitor node having a higher priority than the priority, the monitor control unit 240 transfers the data to the manager node 100 using the main channel or the sub channel. send.

Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to understand that the above-described present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features thereof.

Further, the methods described herein may be implemented, at least in part, using one or more computer programs or components. This component may be provided as a series of computer directives through a computer-readable medium or a machine-readable medium including volatile and non-volatile memory. The directives may be provided as software or firmware, and may, in whole or in part, be implemented in a hardware configuration such as ASICs, FPGAs, DSPs, or other similar devices. The directives may be configured to be executed by one or more processors or other hardware configurations, wherein the processor or other hardware configurations perform or perform all or part of the methods and procedures disclosed herein when executing the series of computer directives. To be able to do it.

Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and not limiting. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims to be described later rather than the detailed description, and all changes or modified forms derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalent concepts should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention. do.

20: battery module 100: manager node
110: first wireless communication unit 120: second wireless communication unit
130: storage unit 140: manager control unit
200: monitor node 210: wireless communication unit
220: storage unit 230: interface
240: monitor control unit

Claims (19)

A manager node for operating a wireless communication-based main channel and a sub channel, and obtaining battery data from a monitor node using the main channel or the sub channel; And
It is connected to the battery module to collect battery data including one or more of voltage, current, temperature, and self-diagnosis data of the battery module, and transmits the collected battery data to the manager node through the main channel, and the main And a monitor node for transmitting the battery data to the manager node through the sub-channel when battery data transmission through a channel fails. The method of claim 1,
The monitor node, when the transmission of battery data through the sub-channel fails, broadcasts the battery data to another monitor node nearby,
The battery management system,
And a relay node receiving the broadcasted battery data from the monitor node and transmitting the battery data to the manager node. The method of claim 2,
The manager node,
A battery management system, characterized in that, measuring the received signal strength of each monitor node, and selecting a monitor node whose strength of the received signal is within a predetermined rank as the relay node. The method of claim 3,
The manager node assigns the priority of each relay node in the order of the intensity of the received signal,
And the relay node transmits the battery data to the manager node when the transmission of the battery data fails from another relay node having a higher priority than its own priority. The method of claim 2,
The manager node transmits a beacon for synchronization and a control command for control of the monitor node to the monitor node during a manager slot allocated to the manager node among data frames including a plurality of time slots,
When the monitor node transmits the battery data to the manager node using the main channel or the sub channel, the monitor node transmits the battery data to the manager node during a dedicated transmission slot allocated to the monitor node in the data frame. And, in the case of broadcasting the battery data, broadcasting the battery data at a time when the monitor node is exclusively available in the entire routing slot of the data frame. The method of claim 2,
The manager node broadcasts channel change data including identification information of a spare main channel and identification information of a spare sub channel to each node,
Wherein each of the relay node and the monitor node changes the main channel and the sub channel based on the channel change data to communicate with the manager node. A first wireless communication unit that forms a primary channel based on a first frequency with each of a plurality of monitor nodes for collecting battery data;
A second wireless communication unit for forming a second frequency-based sub-channel with each of the plurality of monitor nodes; And
When battery data is received from each monitor node using the first wireless communication unit, and there is a first monitor node that cannot communicate using the first wireless communication unit, the battery data of the first monitor node is transmitted to the second wireless communication unit. If there is a second monitor node that is received by using and cannot communicate using the first wireless communication unit and the second wireless communication unit, the first wireless communication unit or the second wireless communication unit is selected as a relay node. And a manager control unit configured to communicate with three monitor nodes to receive battery data of the second monitor node from the third monitor node. The method of claim 7,
The manager control unit,
The first wireless communication unit or the second wireless communication unit is used to measure the received signal strength of each monitor node, and a monitor node whose strength of the received signal is within a predetermined rank is selected as the relay node. Manager node. The method of claim 7,
The manager control unit,
When the communication quality of the primary channel is monitored and the communication quality is deteriorated as a result of the monitoring, channel change data including identification information of the spare main channel and the spare sub channel is broadcast to each monitor node, and the first And changing the first frequency of the wireless communication unit to a frequency of the spare main channel and changing the second frequency of the second wireless communication unit to a frequency of the spare sub-channel. The method of claim 9,
The manager control unit,
Measure the energy level of the first frequency to check the energy detection result value of the main channel, measure the preamble of the frame generated in the main channel to check the frame measurement result value, and an ACK not received from each monitor node After confirming the number of non-reception indicating the number of times, the energy detection result value, the frame measurement result value, and the number of non-reception times are weighted and summed to calculate the deterioration degree of the main channel, and the deterioration degree in advance And determining that the communication quality of the main channel is deteriorated when it deviates from the set normal range. The method of claim 9,
The manager control unit,
By searching for channels other than the main channel, a preamble of a frame is not detected among the channels, and a channel having the lowest energy level of a frequency used in the channel is selected as the reserved main channel, and the reserved main channel and a predetermined A manager node, characterized in that, among channels spaced apart by a spaced frequency, a channel in which a preamble of a frame is not detected or an energy level of a frequency is minimum is selected as the spare sub-channel. A wireless communication unit configured to communicate with a monitor node by setting one of a main channel or a sub channel through a frequency change;
An interface connected to the battery module; And
Collects battery data including one or more of voltage, current, and temperature of the battery module using the interface, and manages the battery data using one of the main channel or the sub channel set by the wireless communication unit. If it is not possible to transmit the battery data to the manager node using the main channel and the sub-channel, the battery data is broadcast to a neighboring monitor node, and a second selected as a relay node. 2 A monitor node including a monitor control unit for transmitting the battery data to the manager node by using the monitor node as a transit point. The method of claim 12,
The monitor control unit,
Check the beacon of the main channel and the beacon of the sub channel using the wireless communication unit, and if the beacon of the main channel and the beacon of the sub channel are not received by the wireless communication unit for a predetermined period of time, other monitors in the vicinity And broadcasting the battery data to the node. The method of claim 12,
The monitor control unit,
After transmitting the battery data to the manager node using the main channel set by the wireless communication unit, the ACK of the manager node is not received, and the battery data is transferred to the manager using the sub channel set by the wireless communication unit. And when the ACK of the manager node is not received after transmission to the node, the battery data is broadcast to the neighboring monitor node. The method of claim 12,
The wireless communication unit receives channel change data from the manager node,
The monitor control unit is configured to change a main channel of the wireless communication unit in correspondence with identification information of a spare main channel included in the channel change data, and the wireless communication unit in response to identification information of a spare sub-channel included in the channel change data. Monitor node, characterized in that to change the sub-channel of. Collecting battery data including one or more of voltage, current, temperature, and self-diagnosis data of the battery module;
Transmitting the battery data to a manager node through a main channel; And
And if the transmission of the battery data fails, transmitting the battery data to the manager node through a sub channel. The method of claim 16,
If the transmission of the battery data through the sub-channel fails, the collected battery data is broadcast to other nodes, and the broadcasted battery data is transmitted to the manager node via another node selected as a relay node. Data transmission method further comprising the step of transmitting. The method of claim 17,
Other nodes selected as the relay node are given a relay priority as a plurality,
And the battery data is sequentially transmitted from a corresponding other node to the manager node in the order of other nodes having a higher priority. The method of claim 18,
The other node selected as the relay node transmits the battery data to the manager node when the transmission of the battery data fails in another node having a relay priority higher than that of the other node.

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