KR20200143788A - Charging device for an electric truck - Google Patents

Charging device for an electric truck Download PDF

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KR20200143788A
KR20200143788A KR1020190071263A KR20190071263A KR20200143788A KR 20200143788 A KR20200143788 A KR 20200143788A KR 1020190071263 A KR1020190071263 A KR 1020190071263A KR 20190071263 A KR20190071263 A KR 20190071263A KR 20200143788 A KR20200143788 A KR 20200143788A
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South Korea
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voltage
battery
charging
main battery
power
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KR1020190071263A
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Korean (ko)
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이성기
윤태봉
구득진
임인섭
차병기
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(주) 코스텍
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/305—Communication interfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/36—Vehicles designed to transport cargo, e.g. trucks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/14—Trucks; Load vehicles, Busses
    • B60Y2200/145—Haulage vehicles, trailing trucks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a charging device for an electric freight vehicle, including: a main battery; an auxiliary battery having a voltage lower than that of the main battery; an on-board charging unit that charges the main battery by receiving commercial AC power from electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) and converting the AC power into DC power; a battery control unit that receives a CP voltage from the on-board charging unit through a CAN communication unit, calculates an average CP voltage level, and controlling the on-board charging unit according to the average CP voltage level to charge the main battery; and a voltage converting unit that charges the auxiliary battery by converting the DC voltage of the main battery into a lower DC voltage value.

Description

전기 화물차의 충전장치{Charging device for an electric truck}Charging device for an electric truck

본 발명은 전기 화물차의 충전장치에 관한 것으로, 더 상세하게는 1톤 상용 전기차에 적합한 충전장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a charging device for an electric freight vehicle, and more particularly, to a charging device suitable for a 1-ton commercial electric vehicle.

최근 환경문제 특히 지구온난화와 기후변화에 대한 관심이 높아지고 다수의 국가가 이산화탄소 배출량 감축에 대한 기후변화협약을 이행하기 위한 논의를 진행되었으며, 이러한 논의에서 지구온난화의 원인은 이산화탄소 발생의 증가이며 이산화탄소의 증가는 자동차에서 내뿜는 탄소가 주범으로 지적된 바가 있다.In recent years, interest in environmental issues, especially global warming and climate change, has increased, and a number of countries have been discussing to implement the Climate Change Convention on the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. In these discussions, the cause of global warming is the increase in carbon dioxide generation and carbon dioxide It has been pointed out that the increase is mainly caused by carbon emitted from automobiles.

탄소배출 규제 정책에 따라 자동차 업계에 석유를 기반으로 한 자동차는 연료 효율을 높이고 탄소 배출 감소를 요구하게 되었으며, 이에 전기에 의해 자동차를 거동시키고, 배기가스를 발생시키지 않는 전기 자동차(Electric Vehicle, EV)가 다양한 형태로 개발되고 있으며, 수요 또한 급속히 증가하고 있는 실정이다.According to the carbon emission regulation policy, petroleum-based automobiles are required to increase fuel efficiency and reduce carbon emissions in the automobile industry. Accordingly, electric vehicles (EVs) that operate automobiles by electricity and do not generate exhaust gas. ) Is being developed in various forms, and demand is also increasing rapidly.

이러한 전기 자동차(EV)는 외부로부터 전기 에너지를 공급받아 이를 배터리(Battery)에 충전한 후, 배터리에 충전된 전압으로 차륜과 결합된 모터를 통해 기계적 에너지인 동력을 얻는다.The electric vehicle (EV) receives electric energy from the outside, charges it in a battery, and then obtains power, which is mechanical energy, through a motor coupled with a wheel using a voltage charged in the battery.

즉, 전기 자동차(EV)는 배터리에 충전된 전압으로 모터를 구동시켜야 하기 때문에 대용량의 충전식 배터리를 사용하며, 이러한 대용량의 충전식 배터리를 충전하기 위한 배터리 충전장치를 구비하고 있다.That is, the electric vehicle (EV) uses a large-capacity rechargeable battery because the motor must be driven with the voltage charged in the battery, and includes a battery charging device for charging such large-capacity rechargeable battery.

그리고 전기 자동차(EV)의 보급 확대를 위해서는 전기 자동차(EV)의 전원을 충전할 수 있는 충전 인프라의 구축이 필수적이다. 특히, 전기 자동차(EV)의 배터리의 용량을 늘리는 것은 차체의 무게를 가중시키는 단점이 있어 한번의 완충으로 전기 자동차(EV)가 운행 가능한 거리는 제한적일 수밖에 없다.In addition, in order to expand the spread of electric vehicles (EV), it is essential to establish a charging infrastructure capable of charging power for electric vehicles (EV). In particular, increasing the capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle (EV) has a disadvantage of increasing the weight of the vehicle body, so the distance that the electric vehicle (EV) can run with one full charge is inevitably limited.

따라서, 전기 자동차(EV)의 중장거리 운행을 위해, 언제 어디서나 전기 자동차(EV)를 충전할 수 있도록 도로망과 연계된 충전소의 설치는 필수적이며 가정용 충전설비와 인프라를 갖추는 것도 또한, 전기 자동차(EV)의 보급확대를 위해 반드시 필요하다.Therefore, for mid- to long-distance operation of electric vehicles (EVs), it is essential to install charging stations connected to the road network so that electric vehicles (EVs) can be charged anytime, anywhere, and it is also necessary to have household charging facilities and infrastructure. ) Is absolutely necessary for expanding the spread of

종래 전기 자동차의 충전장치는 등록특허 10-1903121호(전기자동차용 충전 및 전력변환 겸용 회로, 2018년 9월 20일 등록)에 기재되어 있다.A charging device for a conventional electric vehicle is described in Registration Patent No. 10-1903121 (a circuit for charging and converting power for electric vehicles, registered on September 20, 2018).

구체적으로 차량용 전원 공급장치(EVSE: Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment)에서 전원을 공급받아 배터리를 충전하는 OBC(On Board Charger)와 OBC의 전압으로 저전압의 보조 배터리를 충전하는 LDC(Low Voltage DC/DC Converter)를 일체화하는 것을 주요 내용으로 한다.Specifically, an OBC (On Board Charger) that charges a battery by receiving power from an electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) and an LDC (Low Voltage DC/DC Converter) that charges a low-voltage auxiliary battery with the voltage of the OBC. The main content is to integrate.

전기 자동차의 충전은 OBC의 제어 파일럿(Control Pilot, CP) 전압의 레벨을 BMS(Battery Management System)에서 검출하고, 그 CP 전압의 레벨에 따라 충전여부를 결정하게 된다.When charging an electric vehicle, the level of the control pilot (CP) voltage of the OBC is detected by the BMS (Battery Management System), and whether or not to be charged is determined according to the level of the CP voltage.

그러나 CP 전압에 노이즈가 삽입된 경우 정확한 CP 전압의 검출이 이루어지지 않으며, 노이즈가 삽입된 CP 전압에 따라 충전 제어를 수행함으로써, 충전이 잘 이루어지지 않는 문제점이 있었다. However, when noise is inserted into the CP voltage, accurate CP voltage detection is not performed, and charging control is performed according to the CP voltage into which the noise is inserted, so that charging is not performed well.

또한, 종래의 전기 자동차 충전장치는 승용차에 적합한 것이었으며, 화물을 적재하여 큰 부하의 운행을 하는 전기 화물차에 부합하는 충전장치의 개발이 요구되고 있다.In addition, the conventional electric vehicle charging device has been suitable for a passenger vehicle, and development of a charging device suitable for an electric freight vehicle running with a large load by loading cargo is required.

상기와 같은 문제점을 감안한 본 발명이 해결하고자 하는 과제는, 화물용 전기 자동차에 적합하며, CP 전압에 노이즈가 삽입된 경우에도 정확한 충전 제어가 가능한 전기 화물차의 충전장치를 제공함에 있다.The problem to be solved by the present invention in consideration of the above problems is to provide a charging device for an electric freight vehicle suitable for a freight electric vehicle and capable of accurate charging control even when noise is inserted into a CP voltage.

상기와 같은 기술적 과제를 해결하기 위한 본 발명 사용 전기 자동차의 충전장치는, 주배터리와, 상기 주배터리의 전압보다 낮은 전압의 보조배터리와, EVSE(Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment)로부터 상용 교류전원을 공급받아 직류전원으로 변환하여 주배터리를 충전하는 온보드 충전부와, 상기 온보드 충전부로부터 CP 전압을 CAN 통신부를 통해 수신하고, CP 전압 레벨 평균값을 산출하고, CP 전압 레벨 평균값에 따라 상기 온보드 충전부를 제어하여 주배터리를 충전하는 배터리 제어부와, 상기 주배터리의 직류전압을 더 낮은 직류전압값으로 변환하여 보조배터리를 충전하는 전압변환부를 포함한다.The charging device of an electric vehicle using the present invention for solving the above technical problems is supplied with a main battery, an auxiliary battery having a voltage lower than that of the main battery, and a commercial AC power supply from EVSE (Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment). An on-board charging unit that converts to DC power and charges the main battery, receives a CP voltage from the on-board charging unit through a CAN communication unit, calculates an average CP voltage level, and controls the on-board charging unit according to the average CP voltage level. And a battery controller for charging the main battery, and a voltage converter for charging the auxiliary battery by converting the DC voltage of the main battery into a lower DC voltage value.

본 발명은 전기 화물차에 적합한 용량의 배터리를 충전 제어하되, 노이즈가 삽입된 CP 전압이 수신되는 경우에도 정확한 충전 제어를 수행함으로써, 안정성과 신뢰성을 높일 수 있는 효과가 있다.In the present invention, a battery having a capacity suitable for an electric freight vehicle is charged and controlled, but by performing accurate charging control even when a CP voltage into which noise is inserted is received, stability and reliability can be improved.

도 1은 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 전기 화물차의 충전 장치 블록 구성도이다.
도 2는 본 발명 충전장치의 구체적인 동작 순서도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 CP 전압을 샘플링 하는 원리를 설명하는 그래프이다.1 is a block diagram of a charging device for an electric freight vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a detailed operation flow chart of the charging device of the present invention.
3 is a graph for explaining the principle of sampling the CP voltage of the present invention.

본 발명의 구성 및 효과를 충분히 이해하기 위하여, 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예들을 설명한다. 그러나 본 발명은 이하에서 개시되는 실시예에 한정되는 것이 아니라, 여러가지 형태로 구현될 수 있고 다양한 변경을 가할 수 있다. 단지, 본 실시예에 대한 설명은 본 발명의 개시가 완전하도록 하며, 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야의 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 발명의 범주를 완전하게 알려주기 위하여 제공되는 것이다. 첨부된 도면에서 구성요소는 설명의 편의를 위하여 그 크기를 실제보다 확대하여 도시한 것이며, 각 구성요소의 비율은 과장되거나 축소될 수 있다.In order to fully understand the configuration and effects of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but may be implemented in various forms and various modifications may be added. However, the description of the present embodiment is provided to complete the disclosure of the present invention, and to fully inform a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. In the accompanying drawings, for convenience of description, the size of the components is enlarged compared to actual, and the ratio of each component may be exaggerated or reduced.

'제1', '제2' 등의 용어는 다양한 구성요소를 설명하는데 사용될 수 있지만, 상기 구성요소는 위 용어에 의해 한정되어서는 안 된다. 위 용어는 하나의 구성요소를 다른 구성요소로부터 구별하는 목적으로만 사용될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 본 발명의 권리범위를 벗어나지 않으면서 '제1구성요소'는 '제2구성요소'로 명명될 수 있고, 유사하게 '제2구성요소'도 '제1구성요소'로 명명될 수 있다. 또한, 단수의 표현은 문맥상 명백하게 다르게 표현하지 않는 한, 복수의 표현을 포함한다. 본 발명의 실시예에서 사용되는 용어는 다르게 정의되지 않는 한, 해당 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 통상적으로 알려진 의미로 해석될 수 있다.Terms such as'first' and'second' may be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by the above terms. The above terms may be used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from other components. For example, without departing from the scope of the rights of the present invention, the'first element' may be referred to as the'second element', and similarly, the'second element' may also be named as the'first element'. I can. In addition, expressions in the singular include plural expressions unless clearly expressed otherwise in context. Terms used in the embodiments of the present invention may be interpreted as meanings commonly known to those of ordinary skill in the art, unless otherwise defined.

이하에서는, 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 전기 화물차의 충전 장치에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, a charging device for an electric freight vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

도 1은 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 전기 화물차의 충전 장치 블록 구성도이다.1 is a block diagram of a charging device for an electric freight vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

도 1을 참조하면 본 발명 충전 장치(10)는, 전기 화물차에 적합한 용량의 주배터리(12)와, 상기 주배터리(12)의 전압보다 낮은 전압의 보조배터리(15)와, EVSE(Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment)(1)로부터 상용 교류전원을 공급받아 직류전원으로 변환하여 주배터리(12)를 충전하는 온보드 충전부(On-Board Charger, OBC, 11)와, 상기 온보드 충전부(11)로부터 CP 전압을 CAN 통신부(16)를 통해 수신하고, CP 전압 레벨 평균값을 산출하고, CP 전압 레벨 평균값에 따라 상기 온보드 충전부(11)를 제어하여 주배터리(12)를 충전하는 배터리 제어부(Battery Management System, BMS, 13)와, 상기 주배터리(12)의 직류전압을 더 낮은 직류전압값으로 변환하여 보조배터리(15)를 충전하는 전압변환부(Low Voltage DC/DC Converter, LDC, 14)를 포함한다.Referring to FIG. 1, the charging device 10 of the present invention includes a main battery 12 having a capacity suitable for an electric freight vehicle, an auxiliary battery 15 having a voltage lower than that of the main battery 12, and an electric vehicle (EVSE). Supply Equipment) an on-board charger (OBC, 11) that receives commercial AC power from 1 and converts it to DC power to charge the main battery 12, and CP voltage from the on-board charger 11 A battery control unit (Battery Management System (BMS), which receives through the CAN communication unit 16), calculates an average CP voltage level, and charges the main battery 12 by controlling the on-board charging unit 11 according to the average CP voltage level. 13) and a voltage conversion unit (Low Voltage DC/DC Converter, LDC, 14) for converting the DC voltage of the main battery 12 into a lower DC voltage value and charging the auxiliary battery 15.

이하, 상기와 같이 구성되는 본 발명 충전 장치(10)의 구성과 작용에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the charging device 10 of the present invention configured as described above will be described in detail.

먼저, EVSE(1)는 전기 자동차 충전설비로 상용 교류 전원에서 충전 대상인 전기 자동차까지 안전한 전력 흐름을 제공하고, 탑재형 충전기와 PLC(Power Line Communication) 통신을 통하여 충전설비에 맞는 전류 제한치를 탑재형 충전기로 보내는 역할을 한다.First, EVSE (1) is an electric vehicle charging facility that provides a safe power flow from commercial AC power to the electric vehicle to be charged, and a current limit suitable for the charging facility through the on-board charger and PLC (Power Line Communication) communication. It serves to send to the charger.

EVSE(1)는 가정에 구비된 충전 설비이거나 주유소와 같은 자동차 충전소에 구비된 충전스탠드일 수 있다. 따라서 본 명세서 및 특허청구범위에서 EVSE 란 하이브리드 자동차나 전기자동차를 충전할 수 있는 충전 스탠드로써, ICCB(In Cable Control Box) 또는 CCID(Charging Circuit Interrupt Devive) 등을 모두 포함하는 것으로 이해되어야 할 것이다.The EVSE 1 may be a charging facility provided in a home or a charging stand provided at a vehicle charging station such as a gas station. Therefore, in the present specification and claims, EVSE is a charging stand capable of charging a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, and it should be understood that it includes both an ICCB (In Cable Control Box) or a CCID (Charging Circuit Interrupt Devive).

주배터리(12)는 화물을 운반하기 위한 전기 화물차에 적합한 용량의 것으로 한다.The main battery 12 is of a capacity suitable for an electric truck for transporting cargo.

구체적으로 3.65V, 54Ah 셀(Cell)을 사용한다. 위의 셀들을 7개씩 묶어 하나의 배터리 모듈을 이루며, 배터리 모듈 14개가 하나의 배터리 팩을 이룬다. 즉, 배터리 팩은 98개의 셀을 포함한다. Specifically, a 3.65V, 54Ah cell is used. Seven cells above are grouped to form one battery module, and 14 battery modules form one battery pack. That is, the battery pack includes 98 cells.

상기 주배터리(12)는 듀얼 배터리 팩으로 위의 배터리 팩이 2개인 것으로 한다. 즉, 주배터리(12)는 모두 196개의 셀을 포함하는 것으로 한다.It is assumed that the main battery 12 is a dual battery pack and has two battery packs. That is, it is assumed that the main battery 12 includes all 196 cells.

배터리 제어부(13)는 상기 주배터리(12)의 셀 간을 정밀하게 균형을 잡아주며, 모든 셀이 완전 충전상태가 될 수 있도록 제어한다. The battery control unit 13 precisely balances the cells of the main battery 12 and controls all cells to be in a fully charged state.

그리고 주배터리(12)의 SOC(State of Charge)를 모니터링하여 온보드 충전부(11)에 통보하여, 온보드 충전부(11)가 주배터리(12) SOC가 따라 전력 변환 모드를 동적으로 변환할 수 있도록 한다. In addition, the SOC (State of Charge) of the main battery 12 is monitored and notified to the on-board charging unit 11 so that the on-board charging unit 11 can dynamically switch the power conversion mode according to the SOC of the main battery 12. .

또한, 필요한 경우 주배터리(12)의 SOC를 기반으로 전력 변환 모드를 직접 결정 및 통보할 수도 있도록 한다.In addition, if necessary, the power conversion mode may be directly determined and notified based on the SOC of the main battery 12.

온보드 충전부(11)는 상용 교류 전원(AC)입력과 주배터리(12)를 충전하기 위한 직류전압(DC) 출력을 전기적으로 절연시키며, 상용 교류 전원을 AC 상용 전원을 DC 전원으로 변환하여, 이를 통해 주배터리(12)를 충전하도록 한다. The on-board charging unit 11 electrically insulates the commercial AC power (AC) input and the DC voltage (DC) output for charging the main battery 12, and converts the commercial AC power to AC commercial power to DC power. The main battery 12 is charged through.

그리고 주배터리(12)의 SOC에 따라 CC/CV 모드에 따른 전력 변환을 수행하도록 한다. CV 모드는 일정 전압을 유지하면서 충전 동작을 수행하는 것이고, CC 모드는 일정 전류를 유지하면서 충전 동작을 수행하는 것이다. In addition, power conversion according to the CC/CV mode is performed according to the SOC of the main battery 12. The CV mode performs a charging operation while maintaining a constant voltage, and the CC mode performs a charging operation while maintaining a constant current.

다만, 충전 배터리의 SOC가 임계값 이상이면, 충전 배터리에는 충전에 따른 과전류가 흐를 수 있게 되는 데, 이러한 경우 충전 배터리는 과전류에 의해 손상될 수 있게 된다. 이를 방지하기 위하여 본 발명에서 배터리 제어부(13)는 주배터리(12)의 SOC를 모니터링하여 임계값보다 작은 경우에는 CV 모드에 따라 충전 동작을 수행하도록 하고, 이상인 경우에는 CC 모드에 따라 충전 동작을 수행하도록 온보드 충전부(11)를 제어한다. 이와 같은 제어에 의하여 충전에 의해 2차 사고 발생을 사전 방지할 수 있다.However, if the SOC of the rechargeable battery is greater than or equal to the threshold value, overcurrent due to charging may flow through the rechargeable battery. In this case, the rechargeable battery may be damaged by the overcurrent. To prevent this, in the present invention, the battery control unit 13 monitors the SOC of the main battery 12 and, if it is less than the threshold, performs a charging operation according to the CV mode, and if abnormal, the charging operation is performed according to the CC mode. Controls the on-board charging unit 11 to perform. By such control, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a secondary accident by charging.

전압변환부(14)는 주배터리(12)의 고전압(예를 들어, 360V)을 차량에서 사용되는 저전압(예를 들어, 12V)으로 변환하여, 저전압의 보조배터리(15)의 충전 및 차량 전장부하 전원을 공급하는 역할을 한다.The voltage converter 14 converts the high voltage (eg, 360V) of the main battery 12 into a low voltage (eg, 12V) used in the vehicle, and charges the auxiliary battery 15 of the low voltage and the vehicle length. It serves to supply the load power.

특히, 본 발명의 온보드 충전부(11)는 EVSE(1)와 연동하여 고전압의 주배터리(12)를 충전하도록 하되, 주배터리(12)의 SOC에 따라 전력 변환 모드를 능동 가변함으로써, 주배터리(12)를 보다 신속하고 안전하게 충전할 수 있도록 한다.In particular, the on-board charging unit 11 of the present invention interlocks with the EVSE 1 to charge the high voltage main battery 12, but by actively changing the power conversion mode according to the SOC of the main battery 12, the main battery ( 12) can be charged more quickly and safely.

또한, 온보드 충전부(11)는 고전압 스위치, 인덕터, 커패시터, 절연형 트랜스 포머, 릴레이 등을 포함할 수 있다.In addition, the onboard charging unit 11 may include a high voltage switch, an inductor, a capacitor, an insulated transformer, a relay, and the like.

온보드 충전부(11)는 충전 포트를 통해 EVSE(1)와 연결되어 EVSE(1)로부터 상용 교류 전원(AC)를 입력 받아 직류 전원(DC)으로 변환한다. 이를 위하여 온보드 충전부(11)는 전압 레벨을 체크하기 위해 EVSE(1)로부터 컨트롤 파일럿(CP: Control Pilot) 전압을 입력 받는다.The on-board charging unit 11 is connected to the EVSE 1 through a charging port and receives commercial AC power (AC) from the EVSE 1 and converts it into DC power (DC). To this end, the onboard charging unit 11 receives a control pilot (CP) voltage from the EVSE 1 to check the voltage level.

이때, 배터리 제어부(13)는 온보드 충전부(11)로부터 전원을 공급받아 미리 설정된 프로그램에 따라 주배터리(12)의 충전 여부를 결정한다. In this case, the battery control unit 13 receives power from the onboard charging unit 11 and determines whether to charge the main battery 12 according to a preset program.

충전 여부의 결정은 온보드 충전부(11)가 수신한 CP 전압을 샘플링하여 전압 레벨의 평균값을 계산한다. The determination of whether to charge is performed by sampling the CP voltage received by the on-board charging unit 11 and calculating an average value of the voltage level.

따라서, 배터리 제어부(13)는 상기 주배터리(12)의 SOC를 검출하는 수단, CAN 통신부(16)를 통해 통신하기 위한 통신수단과 함께 CP 전압의 샘플링 수단과 샘플링된 CP 전압을 이용하여 전압 레벨의 평균값을 산출할 수 있는 설정된 프로그램에 의해 동작하는 하나 이상의 프로세서를 포함하여 구현될 수 있다.Accordingly, the battery control unit 13 uses a means for detecting the SOC of the main battery 12, a communication means for communicating through the CAN communication unit 16, a sampling means of the CP voltage, and the sampled CP voltage. It may be implemented by including one or more processors operated by a set program capable of calculating the average value of.

도 2는 본 발명 충전장치의 구체적인 동작 순서도이다.2 is a detailed operation flow chart of the charging device of the present invention.

도 2를 참조하면, S21단계와 같이 온보드 충전부(11)가 EVSE(1)에서 CP 전압을 수신한다.Referring to FIG. 2, as in step S21, the on-board charging unit 11 receives a CP voltage from the EVSE 1.

상기 EVSE(1)는 컨트롤 파일럿 회로를 포함하는 것으로, EVSE(1)는 온보드 충전부(11)에 전원을 공급하기 위해 컨트롤 파일럿 회로를 통하여 출력 전압을 CP 전압의 신호로 변환할 수 있다.The EVSE 1 includes a control pilot circuit, and the EVSE 1 may convert an output voltage into a signal of a CP voltage through a control pilot circuit to supply power to the onboard charging unit 11.

그 다음, S22단계와 같이 상기 온보드 충전부(11)가 EVSE(1)로부터 CP 전압을 입력받게 되면, 그 CP 전압의 레벨을 CAN 통신부(16)를 통해 배터리 제어부(13)로 제공하고, 배터리 제어부(13)는 CP 전압을 샘플링하여 평균값을 계산한다.Then, as in step S22, when the on-board charging unit 11 receives the CP voltage from the EVSE 1, the level of the CP voltage is provided to the battery control unit 13 through the CAN communication unit 16, and the battery control unit (13) samples the CP voltage and calculates the average value.

그 다음, S23단계와 같이 상기 배터리 제어부(13)는 CP 전압의 주기 및 CP 전압의 듀티 주기의 카운터값을 계산한다. Then, as in step S23, the battery control unit 13 calculates a counter value of the cycle of the CP voltage and the duty cycle of the CP voltage.

그 다음, S24단계와 같이 상기 카운터 값으로 CP 전압 주기 및 CP 전압 듀티주기를 계산한다.Then, as in step S24, the CP voltage period and the CP voltage duty period are calculated using the counter value.

도 3은 본 발명의 CP 전압을 샘플링 하는 원리를 설명하는 그래프이다.3 is a graph for explaining the principle of sampling the CP voltage of the present invention.

도 3에 도시한 바와 같이 배터리 제어부(13)는 입력된 CP 전압을 CP 듀티 주기 동안 센싱 주기만큼 샘플링하여 얻는 전압 레벨들의 값의 평균값을 계산한다.As shown in FIG. 3, the battery control unit 13 calculates an average value of voltage levels obtained by sampling the input CP voltage by the sensing period during the CP duty period.

상기 CP 듀티 주기는 EVSE(1)에서 미리 정해질 수 있고(예를 들면, 1kHz), 상기 배터리 제어부(13)는 CP 전압 레벨의 평균값을 AD 변환하여 샘플링할 수 있다. 상기 S22 단계에서 CP 전압을 샘플링하여 전압 레벨의 평균값을 계산할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, CP 전압 주기와 CP 전압 듀티 주기를 계산할 수 있다.The CP duty period may be predetermined in EVSE 1 (eg, 1 kHz), and the battery control unit 13 may AD convert and sample the average value of the CP voltage level. In the step S22, the CP voltage may be sampled to calculate the average value of the voltage level, as well as the CP voltage period and the CP voltage duty period.

이를 위하여, S23단계와 같이 배터리 제어부(13)는 CP 전압 주기와 CP 전압 듀티 주기의 카운터 값을 계산한다.To this end, as in step S23, the battery controller 13 calculates counter values of the CP voltage period and the CP voltage duty period.

다시 도 3을 참조하면, 상기 CP 전압 주기의 카운터 값은 첫 번째 상승 에지(Rising edge)를 인식한 후 두 번째 상승 에지 인식 전까지 카운터를 증가시키고, 두 번째 상승 에지를 인식한 후에는 카운터를 정지시켜 계산할 수 있다. CP 전압 주기의 카운터 값을 계산한 이후에는 카운터를 리셋한 후 재카운트 할 수 있다.Referring back to FIG. 3, the counter value of the CP voltage period is increased until the second rising edge is recognized after the first rising edge is recognized, and the counter is stopped after the second rising edge is recognized. You can calculate it. After calculating the counter value of the CP voltage period, you can reset the counter and then recount.

상기 CP 전압 듀티 주기 카운터 값은 첫 번째 상승 에지를 인식 한 후 첫 번째 하강 에지 인식 전까지 카운터를 증가시키고, 첫 번째 하강 에지를 인식한 후에는 카운터를 정지시켜 계산할 수 있다. CP 전압 듀티 주기의 카운터 값을 계산한 이후에는 카운터를 리셋한 후 재카운트 할 수 있다.The CP voltage duty cycle counter value may be calculated by increasing the counter after recognizing the first rising edge and before recognizing the first falling edge, and stopping the counter after recognizing the first falling edge. After calculating the counter value of the CP voltage duty period, the counter can be reset and then recounted.

상기 S23 단계에서 배터리 제어부(13)가 CP 전압 주기와 CP 전압 듀티 주기의 카운터 값을 각각 계산하면, S24단계와 같이 상기 카운터 값을 기초로 CP 전압 주기와 CP 전압 듀티 주기를 계산할 수 있다.When the battery controller 13 calculates the counter values of the CP voltage period and the CP voltage duty period, respectively, in step S23, the CP voltage period and the CP voltage duty period may be calculated based on the counter values as in step S24.

예를 들면, CP 전압 듀티 주기는 CP 듀티 전압 카운터 값과 CP 전압 카운터 값에 일정 값을 곱하여 계산될 수 있다.For example, the CP voltage duty period may be calculated by multiplying a CP duty voltage counter value and a CP voltage counter value by a predetermined value.

상기 S22 단계에서 CP 전압을 샘플링하여 평균값을 계산하면, 배터리 제어부(13)는 S25단계와 같이 상기 평균값에 근거하여 주배터리(12)에 충전이 필요 한지 여부를 판단한다.When the CP voltage is sampled and the average value is calculated in step S22, the battery control unit 13 determines whether the main battery 12 needs to be charged based on the average value, as in step S25.

상기 S25 단계에서 충전이 필요하다고 판단한 경우에는 S26단계의 주배터리(12)를 충전하는 단계로 진행하고, 충전이 필요하지 않다고 판단한 경우에는 종료한다.When it is determined that charging is necessary in step S25, the process proceeds to the step of charging the main battery 12 in step S26, and when it is determined that charging is not necessary, it ends.

이와 같은 과정을 통해 단순하게 CP 전압 레벨을 사용하여 충전 여부를 결정하는 방식이 아닌, CP 전압 레벨의 평균갑을 이용하기 때문에 CP 전압 레벨에 잡음이 삽입된 경우에도 정확한 배터리 충전 제어를 수행할 수 있게 된다.Through this process, since the average value of the CP voltage level is used, rather than a simple method of determining whether to charge using the CP voltage level, accurate battery charging control can be performed even when noise is inserted into the CP voltage level. do.

이상에서 본 발명에 따른 실시예들이 설명되었으나, 이는 예시적인 것에 불과하며, 당해 분야에서 통상적 지식을 가진 자라면 이로부터 다양한 변형 및 균등한 범위의 실시예가 가능하다는 점을 이해할 것이다. 따라서, 본 발명의 진정한 기술적 보호 범위는 다음의 청구범위에 의해서 정해져야 할 것이다.Although the embodiments according to the present invention have been described above, these are merely exemplary, and those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent ranges of embodiments are possible therefrom. Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the following claims.

11:온보드 충전부 12:주배터리
13:배터리 제어부 14:전압변환부
15:보조배터리 16:CAN 통신부11: Onboard charging section 12: Main battery
13: battery control unit 14: voltage conversion unit
15: auxiliary battery 16: CAN communication unit

Claims (3)

주배터리;
상기 주배터리의 전압보다 낮은 전압의 보조배터리;
EVSE(Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment)로부터 상용 교류전원을 공급받아 직류전원으로 변환하여 주배터리를 충전하는 온보드 충전부;
상기 온보드 충전부로부터 CP 전압을 CAN 통신부를 통해 수신하고, CP 전압 레벨 평균값을 산출하고, CP 전압 레벨 평균값에 따라 상기 온보드 충전부를 제어하여 주배터리를 충전하는 배터리 제어부; 및
상기 주배터리의 직류전압을 더 낮은 직류전압값으로 변환하여 보조배터리를 충전하는 전압변환부를 포함하는 전기 화물차의 충전장치.Main battery;
An auxiliary battery having a voltage lower than that of the main battery;
On-board charging unit for charging the main battery by receiving commercial AC power from EVSE (Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment) and converting it into DC power;
A battery controller configured to charge the main battery by receiving a CP voltage from the on-board charging unit through a CAN communication unit, calculating an average CP voltage level, and controlling the on-board charging unit according to the average CP voltage level; And
Charging apparatus for an electric freight vehicle comprising a voltage converter for charging an auxiliary battery by converting the DC voltage of the main battery to a lower DC voltage value. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 주배터리는,
3.65V, 54Ah 셀(Cell) 98개가 집적된 배터리 팩 2개로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 전기 화물차의 충전장치.The method of claim 1,
The main battery,
3.65V, 54Ah charging device for an electric freight vehicle, characterized in that consisting of two battery packs in which 98 cells are integrated. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 배터리 제어부는,
CP 전압 주기와 CP 전압 듀티 주기의 카운터 값을 각각 계산하고, 상기 CP 전압 주기의 카운터 값과 상기 CP 전압 듀티 주기의 카운터 값을 기초로 CP 전압 주기와 CP 전압 듀티 주기를 산출하여, CP 전압 레벨의 평균값을 구하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기 화물차의 충전장치.The method of claim 1,
The battery control unit,
CP voltage period and CP voltage duty period are calculated, respectively, and CP voltage period and CP voltage duty period are calculated based on the counter value of the CP voltage period and the counter value of the CP voltage duty period. Charging device for an electric freight vehicle, characterized in that obtaining the average value of.
KR1020190071263A 2019-06-17 2019-06-17 Charging device for an electric truck KR20200143788A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20220097748A (en) * 2020-12-31 2022-07-08 주식회사 한국쓰리축 On board charger for electric vehicle

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20220097748A (en) * 2020-12-31 2022-07-08 주식회사 한국쓰리축 On board charger for electric vehicle

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