KR20200130601A - red tide and green tide monitoring system using drone - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a red and green algae monitoring system using a drone. The monitoring system comprises: the drone which is capable of flying by a plurality of propellers mounted on a main body; and a calculation unit which is mounted on the main body of the drone to irradiate light on a water surface to be measured, detects a Raman signal of water and a fluorescence signal of chlorophyll a from the light received from the water surface to calculate the concentrations of red and green algae, and transmits the calculated concentrations to a manager terminal through a communication network. According to the red and green algae monitoring system using a drone, it provides an advantage of maintaining stable measurement accuracy regardless of a change in distance from the water surface, while supporting the measurement of the concentration of red and green algae during flight.

Description

Red tide and green tide monitoring system using drone}

The present invention relates to a red tide and green algae monitoring system using a drone, and more particularly, to a red tide and green algae monitoring system using a drone constructed to easily measure the concentration of red tide and green algae and improve measurement accuracy.

Since industrialization in the 1970s, many lakes and rivers in Korea have been polluted due to the increase in pollutant sources, and eutrophication such as mass generation of algae frequently occurs, which is a big social problem.

Green algae or red tide refers to a phenomenon in which the water temperature rises in rivers and lakes and the flow of water becomes gentle, and the water body becomes green or indigo due to the proliferation of green algae or blue-green algae in a large amount.

The occurrence of such green algae or red tide causes serious problems that cause the loss of native animals or habitat migration, population change, and food loss due to the destruction of the ecosystem.

As described above, algae that have many adverse effects on the water system are simple single-celled, multicellular microorganisms that act as carbon assimilation, and are classified into blue-green algae, green algae, and diatoms.

Blue-green algae are dominant algae in eutrophied waters. They have nitrogen-fixing ability. They form and endure dormant spores, which are durable in adverse environments, and germinate and regrow when the environment improves. Mass proliferation can occur. In addition, green algae grow seasonally from late spring to early autumn, and in waterworks, they form a filtration membrane of a sedimentation basin or a slow filter basin, and when they grow rapidly, the water smells and the filter paper may be closed. In addition to chlorophyll-a and b, diatoms contain pigments such as diatoms and xanthophylls, and inhabit everywhere from seawater to fresh water and in soil, and some are floating and adherent. Affects

On the other hand, red tide refers to phytoplankton, in particular, to change the color of seawater to red or yellowish brown by reproducing in large quantities. Red tides appear when the amount of sunlight and water temperature are adequate in a state rich in organic matter in water. Since a lot of oxygen is consumed for the decomposition of large-scale plankton, fish die in large quantities due to lack of oxygen. In addition, the large-proliferated plankton attaches to the gills of the fish and suffocates the fish, while the flagella algae cocolidinium releases poison and kills the fish.

Red tide occurs mostly in coastal waters, and occurs when the surface water temperature rises, when nutrients increase significantly due to the inflow of fresh water due to heavy rain or rainy season, or when the mixing of seawater is difficult due to continuous windless conditions.

In Korea, during the rainy season in July and August, a large amount of land pollutants flows into the sea and eutrophies the seawater, and red tides have been intensively occurring from September.

The current red tide warning is issued by the National Fisheries Promotion Agency and the Fisheries Research Institute when there is a risk of damage to fisheries due to the occurrence of a red tide phenomenon, or the appearance of poisonous species. There are red tide warning, red tide warning, red tide warning, and red tide clearing. If the density of red tide creatures is high, the damage is expected to be great, but this is not necessarily the case, and the damage varies depending on the creature that causes the red tide. Therefore, special attention should be paid to whether toxic red tide organisms appear when the red tide warning is issued. This is because paralytic shellfish or diarrheal shellfish is a problem other than mass death.

The detection method for such red tide is conventionally collected directly from the sea and visually checks the red tide concentration of the collected seawater using a microscope, and if the red tide concentration is detected above the standard value, an artificial red tide alarm is sent to the sea area. It informs that a red tide has occurred. In addition, in Korean Patent No. 10-0252381, it can be seen that red tide is detected using a red tide sensor as a means for detecting red tide. It is described that a chlorophyll sensor or a turbidimeter may be used as a red tide sensor, and a sensor capable of measuring the concentration of harmful substances such as oil pollution is used.

However, the red tide detection method by collecting water not only takes time to analyze after collecting the water, but also has a limitation in that it cannot be extensively investigated in a wide area, and the method of detecting red tide using a red tide sensor detects red tide only in a fixed area. Therefore, there is a problem that it is not possible to detect a harmful red tide while moving, and it is inferior in terms of speed when considering the rapid spreading speed and occurrence determination speed of the harmful red tide.

Recently, a method of quantitatively measuring the presence of algae in water has been used by measuring the amount of fluorescence generated from chlorophyll-a present in water.

In the above-described method, a problem that real-time monitoring is impossible because the sample to be measured is collected and measured separately by visiting the green algae occurrence area, and thus, response to the occurrence of green algae or red tide cannot be made quickly. The problem arises.

In order to improve this problem, a device for remotely measuring green algae and red algae using a laser light source is disclosed in Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-2015-0122086. However, in the case of the above device, it is possible to measure from a long distance, but there is a disadvantage that it cannot be measured over a large area because it does not have mobility.

The present invention was invented to solve the above problems, using a drone capable of maintaining stable measurement accuracy regardless of a change in distance to the surface while supporting measurement of the occurrence concentration of red tide and green algae in flight. Its purpose is to provide a red tide and green algae monitoring system.

In order to achieve the above object, the red tide and green algae monitoring system using a drone according to the present invention includes a drone capable of flying by a plurality of propellers mounted on a body; It is mounted on the body of the drone to irradiate light on the water surface to be measured, and detects the Raman signal of water and the fluorescent signal of chlorophylla from the light received from the water surface to calculate the concentrations of red and green algae, and calculated red and green algae. It includes; a calculation unit for transmitting the generated concentration of the to the manager terminal through the communication network.

, 여기서, A는 알고 있는 상수이고, h1은 물의 라만신호의 세기이고, h2는 클로로필a의 형광신호의 세기이다.Preferably, the calculation unit calculates the occurrence concentration (n) of red tide and green algae by the following calculation formula,

, Where A is a known constant, h1 is the intensity of the Raman signal of water, and h2 is the intensity of the fluorescence signal of chlorophyll a.

Preferably, the calculation unit includes a laser light source for emitting 450 nm of laser light to the water surface; A light detection unit for detecting light; Filtering so that the Raman signal of 530 nm water is transmitted to the light received from the surface of the water to be transmitted to the light detection unit, and the fluorescent signal of chlorophyll a of 680 nm is filtered so that the light is transmitted through the light receiving axis of the light detection unit. A filter unit having a second filter coupled to extend with respect to the first filter in an orthogonal direction; A filter moving part configured to move the filter unit in a direction orthogonal to the light receiving axis; Controlling the filter moving unit so that the first filter and the second filter are sequentially arranged at each unit measurement period set for the light receiving axis, and calculating the occurrence concentration of red tide and green algae using a signal detected by the light detection unit. It includes a; calculation unit.

According to the red tide and green algae monitoring system using a drone according to the present invention, while supporting the measurement of the occurrence concentration of red tide and green algae in flight, it provides the advantage of maintaining a stable measurement accuracy regardless of a change in distance to the water surface. do.

1 is a view showing a red tide and green algae monitoring system using a drone according to the present invention,
2 is a view showing a first embodiment of the calculation unit of FIG. 1,
3 is a view showing a second embodiment of the calculation unit of FIG. 1,
4 is a view showing a third embodiment of the calculation unit of FIG. 1.

Hereinafter, a red tide and green algae monitoring system using a drone according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a diagram showing a red tide and green algae monitoring system using a drone according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the calculation unit of FIG. 1.

1 and 2, the red tide and green algae monitoring system 100 according to the present invention includes a drone 110 and a calculation unit 150.

The drone 110 is designed to be able to fly by a plurality of propellers 131 mounted on the main body 120.

The body 120 of the drone 110 has a conventional structure capable of vertical take-off and landing and flight, and is capable of mounting a calculation unit 150 to be described later.

The main body 120 is a lower frame having a plurality of propellers 131 mounting support bars 133 formed on the outer surface of the body 120, the calculation unit 150 can be mounted at the bottom while the ground mounting support legs 125 are formed It has a structure with (123).

A vibration damping unit 140 for suppressing the application of vibration to the calculation unit 150 to be described later is mounted on the horizontal support bar 123a extending horizontally of the lower frame 113 to form a square frame shape with an empty center. Has been.

The vibration damping unit 140 has one end coupled to the horizontal support bar 123a and extending upward, but is coupled to a plurality of buffer members 141 that absorb vibration, and the horizontal support bar 123a. ) Has a structure having a plate-shaped seating plate 143 that is installed spaced apart from each other.

The buffer member 141 may be formed of a rubber material that absorbs vibration and shock and has a structure extending for a predetermined length, or various structures such as an air suspension absorbing vibration and shock by filling air therein may be applied.

It goes without saying that the structure of the main body 120 may be formed differently from the illustrated structure.

The propeller 131 can be rotated by a drive motor 137 mounted on the support bar 133, respectively. In the illustrated example, four propellers 121 are applied to perform flight adjustment including direction change of the main body 110, and, unlike the illustrated example, six or eight propellers may be applied.

Such a drone 110 may be built to operate independently of the calculation unit 150 to be described later, in this case, the drone 110 receives a signal received from a remote controller (not shown) through a wireless communication unit (not shown). The flight is adjusted by a control unit (not shown) that processes and controls the driving of the driving motor 137.

Unlike this, when the drone 110 is built to be controlled through a remote controller (not shown) together with the calculation unit 150 to be described later, the remote controller is a flight control signal and calculation related to flight control through the communication unit 175 to be described later. It may be constructed so that the driving control signal of the unit 150 can be transmitted corresponding to the user's operation setting. In this case, the calculation unit 171 may be constructed to control the driving of the flight driving unit 173 that drives the motor 137 according to the flight adjustment control signal received through the communication unit 175.

The calculation unit 150 is mounted on the bottom of the mounting plate 143 of the drone 110 to irradiate light to the water surface 10 to be measured facing downward, and a Raman signal of water from the light received from the water surface 10 in reverse. It is constructed to detect the fluorescence signal of and chlorophyll a to calculate the occurrence concentration of red tide and green algae, and to transmit the calculated red tide and green algae occurrence concentration to the manager terminal 200 through the communication network 180.

The calculation unit 150 includes a housing 151, a light source 152, a light output and collection optical system, a light detection unit 160, a calculation unit 171, and a communication unit 175.

The light source 152 is mounted in the housing 151 mounted through the seating plate 143, and a laser light source that emits 450 nm of laser light to the water surface 10 is applied.

The light output and collection optical system is constructed so that light emitted from the light source 152 is emitted to the outside of the housing 151 and light received from the outside into the housing 151 is incident on the light detection unit 160.

The light output and collection optical system includes a dichroic mirror 154, first and second reflectors 155 and 158, and first and second lenses 156a and 156b.

The dichroic mirror 154 is disposed to be inclined with the optical axis of the light source 152 so that the light emitted from the light source 152 is reflected in a direction toward the first reflector 155 and is incident backward from the first reflector 155 It is transmitted in a direction toward the second reflector 158 that is used.

The first and second lenses 156a and 156b are applied so that the light traveling from the light source 152 through the dichroic mirror 154 and the first reflector 155 can be focused and focused on the water surface 10 Has been. As the first lens 156a, a collimating lens for converting light traveling from the light source 152 through the dichroic mirror 154 and the first reflector 155 to balanced light is applied, and the second lens 156a A focusing lens capable of focusing parallel light traveling through the first lens onto the water surface 10 is applied. It goes without saying that the number of focusing and focusing lenses may be applied differently from the illustrated example.

The second reflector converts the path of the light received through the dichroic mirror 154 and reflects the light to be received by the light detector 160. In FIG. 2, a solid line represents a light exit path of light emitted from the light source 152, and a dotted line represents a light reception path of light reflected to the water surface 10 and received.

The photodetector 160 detects light that is reversely received from the water surface 10, and spectralizes the Raman signal of water of 530 nm and the fluorescent signal of chlorophyll a of 680 nm for the received light, respectively, and the spectroscopic Raman signal of water of 530 nm. And an electrical signal corresponding to the fluorescent signal of chlorophyll a of 680 nm and is provided to the calculation unit 171.

The calculation unit 171 calculates the occurrence concentration of red tide and green algae by detecting the Raman signal of water and the fluorescent signal of chlorophyll a from the light received by the light detection unit 160, and calculates the generated concentration of red tide and green algae. ) To be transmitted to the manager terminal 200 through the process.

The calculation unit 171 is the following equation in order to stably maintain the measurement accuracy of the occurrence concentration (n) of red tide and green algae even when the intensity of the received light changes according to the change of the separation distance between the water surface 10 and the housing 151. It is calculated through 1.

Here, A is a constant calculated and known by an experiment, h1 is the intensity of the Raman signal of water, and h2 is the intensity of the fluorescence signal of chlorophyll a.

If the occurrence concentration (n) of red tide and green algae is calculated by Equation 1, the measurement accuracy for the occurrence concentration (n) of red tide and green algae is determined regardless of the change in vertical separation distance from the water surface 10 of the drone 110. Can keep it stable.

The calculation unit 171 controls the motor 137 that drives the propeller 131 through the flight driving unit 173 when a flight adjustment control signal is received through the communication unit 175 as described above.

The communication unit 175 transmits the measured red tide and green algae occurrence concentrations controlled by the calculation unit 171 to the registered manager terminal 200 through the communication network 180.

The manager terminal 200 may be applied with a smartphone, and has a built-in collection processing module (not shown) that collects and processes the occurrence concentration data of red tide and green algae transmitted from the calculation unit 150 through the communication network 180.

When the collection processing module of the manager terminal 200 is executed, it stores the occurrence concentration data of red tide and green algae transmitted from the calculation unit 150 through the communication network 180 in the storage unit, and processes it to be displayed in the display method set through the display unit. do.

On the other hand, the exit path of light emitted from the light source and the reception path of light incident from the water surface can be constructed differently, and an example thereof will be described with reference to FIG. 3.

Referring to FIG. 3, light emitted from a light source 152 is emitted to the outside through first and second lenses 156a and 156b.

Reference numeral 157 denotes a focusing adjustment unit constructed so that the second lens 156b is controlled by the calculation unit 171 to move along the optical axis.

The light receiving path for detecting the light scattered from the water surface 10 is a light focusing lens 163 that focuses the received light and provides it to the light detection unit 160, and leads from the light focusing lens 163 to the light detection unit 160. A filter unit 165 is provided that adjusts the wavelength of light received by the photodetector 160 while being input/output on the light receiving shaft 160a.

The filter unit 165 filters the light scattered from the water surface 10 to transmit a Raman signal of 530 nm water to transmit and provide a first filter 165a to the light detection unit 160 and a chlorophyll a of 680 nm. It has a structure having a second filter 165b coupled to extend with respect to the first filter 165a along a direction orthogonal to the light receiving axis 160a of the photodetector 160 while filtering the fluorescent signal of .

The cylinder 167 applied as the filter moving part is controlled by the calculation part 171 to move the filter unit 165 coupled to the rod in a direction orthogonal to the light receiving shaft 160a. It goes without saying that a structure different from the illustrated example may be applied to the method of reciprocating the filter unit 165.

In this case, the photodetector 160 may not apply a spectroscopic function, but a photodetector that outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the incident light.

In addition, the calculation unit 171 controls the cylinder 167 applied as the filter moving unit so that the first filter 165a and the second filter 165b are sequentially disposed at each unit measurement period set for the light receiving axis 160a, The photodetector uses the Raman signal of water received through the first filter 165a disposed on the light receiving shaft 160a and the fluorescent signal of chlorophyll a received when the second filter 165b is disposed on the light receiving shaft 160a. Thus, it may be constructed to calculate the occurrence concentration of red tide and green algae using Equation 1 described above.

Meanwhile, another example of a structure for receiving scattered light will be described with reference to FIG. 4.

Referring to FIG. 4, light is diverged through a beam splitter 264 installed on the light receiving axis 160a of the light focusing lens 163 to separate and detect the Raman signal of water and the fluorescent signal of chlorophyll a. .

The beam splitter 264 is installed between the light focusing lens 163 and the first photodetector 161 on the light receiving axis 160a of the light focusing lens 163 to transmit part of the incident light, and partly at right angles. Reflected in the direction

The first filter 265 is installed between the beam splitter 264 and the first photodetector 161 to filter the light traveling through the beam splitter 264 so that a Raman signal of 530 nm is transmitted. It is provided as a photodetector 161.

The second filter 266 is arranged to receive light reflected from the beam splitter 264 along a direction orthogonal to the light receiving axis 160a, and a fluorescent signal of chlorophyll a is transmitted through the incident light. Filtering so that it is provided to the second photodetector 162.

The second photodetector 162 is arranged to receive light that has passed through the second filter 266.

In this case, the calculation unit 171 uses the above-described Equation 1 from the Raman signal of water and the fluorescence signal of chlorophyll a respectively output from the first and second photodetectors 161 and 162 to generate the concentrations of red tide and green algae. Yields

According to the red tide and green algae monitoring system using the drone described above, while supporting the measurement of the occurrence concentration of red tide and green algae in flight, it provides the advantage of maintaining stable measurement accuracy regardless of changes in distance from the surface of the water. do.

110: drone 150: calculation unit
151: housing 152: light source
160: light detection unit 171: calculation unit
175: Ministry of Communications

Claims (3)

A drone capable of flying by a plurality of propellers mounted on the body;
It is mounted on the body of the drone to irradiate light on the water surface to be measured, and detects the Raman signal of water and the fluorescent signal of chlorophylla from the light received from the water surface to calculate the concentrations of red and green algae, and calculated red and green algae. A red tide and green algae monitoring system using a drone, comprising: a calculation unit that transmits the concentration of the occurrence to the manager terminal through a communication network. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculation unit
The occurrence concentration (n) of red tide and green algae is calculated by the following calculation formula,

Here, A is a known constant, h1 is the intensity of the Raman signal of water, and h2 is the intensity of the fluorescence signal of chlorophyll a, the red tide and green algae monitoring system using a drone, characterized in that. The method of claim 2, wherein the calculation unit
A laser light source for emitting 450 nm of laser light onto the water surface;
A light detection unit for detecting light;
Filtering so that the Raman signal of 530 nm water is transmitted to the light received from the surface of the water to be transmitted to the light detection unit, and the fluorescent signal of chlorophyll a of 680 nm is filtered so that the light is transmitted through the light receiving axis of the light detection unit. A filter unit having a second filter coupled to extend with respect to the first filter in an orthogonal direction;
A filter moving part configured to move the filter unit in a direction orthogonal to the light receiving axis;
Controlling the filter moving unit so that the first filter and the second filter are sequentially arranged at each unit measurement period set for the light receiving axis, and calculating the occurrence concentration of red tide and green algae using a signal detected by the light detection unit. A red tide and green algae monitoring system using a drone, comprising: a calculation unit.

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