KR20200097406A - A method of oiling by pyrolysis of waste plastic and its devices. - Google Patents

A method of oiling by pyrolysis of waste plastic and its devices. Download PDF

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KR20200097406A
KR20200097406A KR1020190014719A KR20190014719A KR20200097406A KR 20200097406 A KR20200097406 A KR 20200097406A KR 1020190014719 A KR1020190014719 A KR 1020190014719A KR 20190014719 A KR20190014719 A KR 20190014719A KR 20200097406 A KR20200097406 A KR 20200097406A
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plastic waste
pyrolysis
gas
microwave plasma
emulsification
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이성주
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이성주
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/10Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/005Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by heat treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/10Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
    • C08J11/12Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by dry-heat treatment only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/008Controlling or regulating of liquefaction processes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/05Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/05Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
    • G05B19/054Input/output
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05HPLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26Plasma torches
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

Provided, in the present invention, are a recycling method of a plastic waste and an apparatus thereof, which are not limited to the type of plastic waste and do not require sorting of the plastic waste. The apparatus for recycling plastic waste includes: a pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing plastic waste at 400-800°C in an oxygen-free state to cut short chains of carbon and pyrolyze the number of carbon atoms to C_5-C_45; a microwave plasma reforming device for adding hydrogen ions and oxygen ions after decomposing the number of carbon atoms into C_1-C_2 by heating the pyrolyzed combustible gas at 1,500-3,000°C; a cooling device for condensing plastic emulsified gas into gasoline having C_5-C_12 carbon atoms and diesel oil having C_8-C_16 carbon atoms; a storage tank for storing the gasoline and diesel oil; an incinerator for incinerating non-condensable gas with a flame of a microwave plasma torch of 1,500-3,000°C; and an automatic control device for automatically controlling the incinerator.

Description

플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화방법 및 그 장치{A method of oiling by pyrolysis of waste plastic and its devices.}A method of oiling by pyrolysis of waste plastic and its devices.}

본 발명은 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화방법 및 그 장치에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 일상생활에서 발생되는 플라스틱 폐기물을 플라스틱의 원료이었던 석유로 되돌려 재활용하는 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화방법 및 그 장치에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for pyrolysis and emulsification of plastic waste, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for pyrolysis and emulsification of plastic waste in which plastic waste generated in daily life is returned to petroleum, which was a raw material for plastic, and recycled.

일반적으로 플라스틱 폐기물은 분리수거 되고 있지만, 플라스틱의 종류도 많고, 다양한 이물질의 혼합과 오염으로 재활용에 어려움을 겪고 있으며, 플라스틱 폐기물은 자연적으로 분해되는데 매우 많은 시간이 걸려 토양오염은 물론 해양에 이르기까지 해결하기 어려운 심각한 환경오염을 일으키고 있다. In general, plastic waste is collected separately, but there are many types of plastics, and it is difficult to recycle due to the mixing and contamination of various foreign substances, and plastic waste takes a very long time to decompose naturally, not only soil pollution but also the ocean. It is causing serious environmental pollution that is difficult to solve.

따라서 이와 같은 플라스틱 폐기물을 플라스틱의 원료인 석유로 되돌려 안정적인 에너지원으로 재활용하기 위한 기술을 개발할 필요가 있다. 그러나 플라스틱 폐기물의 종류에 따른 유화과정을 돕는 촉매의 제한성과 플라스틱 폐기물에 묻은 다양한 이물질의 전 처리 및 플라스틱의 원료에 따른 선별 문제를 가지고 있다. 또한 플라스틱의 원료에 따른 선별을 하여 유화를 해도 이를 경제성이 있는 휘발유와 경유로 분리하기 위해서는 별도의 증류장치를 통해 분리해야 하는 기술적인 문제와 경제적인 문제를 가지고 있다.Therefore, there is a need to develop a technology for recycling such plastic waste as a stable energy source by returning it to petroleum, a raw material for plastic. However, there are limitations in catalysts that help the emulsification process according to the type of plastic waste, pre-treatment of various foreign substances in plastic waste, and selection according to the raw material of plastics. In addition, even if emulsification is performed by sorting according to the raw material of plastics, in order to separate them into gasoline and diesel, which are economical, there are technical and economic problems that must be separated through a separate distillation device.

대한민국 특허등록 제 10-0748107호 폐비닐 열분해 유화장치(2007년08월03일)Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0748107 Waste vinyl pyrolysis and emulsification device (August 3, 2007) 대한민국 특허등록 제 10-0515744호 폐비닐 및 폐플라스틱의 열분해 유화장치(2005년09월12일)Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0515744 Pyrolysis and emulsification device for waste vinyl and waste plastic (September 12, 2005)

본 발명은 상기한 바와 같은 종래기술이 갖는 제반 문제점을 해결하고자 창출된 것으로 그 목적은, 플라스틱 폐기물의 종류에 구애받지 않고, 플라스틱 폐기물의 이물질로 인한 오염물의 전 처리도 하지 않으며, 플라스틱 폐기물을 무 산소 상태에서 400~800℃로 열분해하고, 이를 1,500℃~3,000℃로 가열하여 탄소의 쇠사슬을 C1~C2로 짧게 잘라 탄소수를 작게 분해한 후, 여기에 플라즈마 상태의 수소이온과 산소이온을 결합시켜 탄소수를 C5~C12의 휘발유와 탄소수 C8~C16의 경유로 개질된 가연가스를 응축시켜 액화시킴으로서, 휘발유와 경유와 같은 경제성 있는 기름으로 재활용하는 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화방법 및 그 장치를 제공함에 있다.The present invention was created to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and its object is not limited to the type of plastic waste, does not pre-treat contaminants caused by foreign substances in plastic waste, and eliminates plastic waste. Pyrolysis at 400~800℃ in oxygen state, heat it to 1,500℃~3,000℃, cut the carbon chain shortly with C 1 ~ C 2 to decompose the number of carbons to small, and then remove hydrogen ions and oxygen ions in plasma. By condensing and liquefying the reformed combustible gas with C 5 ~ C 12 gasoline and C 8 ~ C 16 gas oil by condensing, it is a thermal decomposition and emulsification method of plastic waste that is recycled as economical oil such as gasoline and diesel. In providing the device.

상기와 같은 목적을 이루기 위해 본 발명의 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화방법 및 그 장치는 무 산소 상태에서 플라스틱 폐기물을 400~800℃로 열분해하여 탄소의 쇠사슬을 짧게 잘라 탄소수를 C5~C45로 열분해하는 열분해장치와; 열분해 된 가연성 가스를 1,500℃~3,000℃의 열로 개질하여 탄소수를 C1~C2로 작게 분해한 후, 수소이온과 산소이온을 결합하기 좋은 플라즈마 상태로 만들어주는 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 개질장치와; 개질된 플라스틱 유화가스를 응축시키는 냉각장치와; 이를 저장하는 저장탱크와; 냉각장치에서 응축하지 않은 비응축성 가스를 1,500~3,000℃의 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 토치의 화염으로 소각하여 대기 중으로 배출하는 배기가스소각장치와; 이를 자동으로 제어하는 자동제어장치를 포함한다.In order to achieve the above object, the pyrolysis and emulsification method of plastic waste of the present invention and its apparatus pyrolyze the plastic waste at 400 to 800°C in an oxygen-free state to shorten the chain of carbon and pyrolyze the carbon number to C 5 to C 45 . A pyrolysis device; A microwave plasma reforming device for reforming the pyrolyzed combustible gas with heat of 1,500° C. to 3,000° C. to decompose the number of carbon atoms into C 1 to C 2 to make the plasma state good for combining hydrogen ions and oxygen ions; A cooling device for condensing the modified plastic emulsified gas; A storage tank for storing it; An exhaust gas incinerator that incinerates the non-condensable gas not condensed in the cooling device with a flame of a microwave plasma torch of 1,500 to 3,000°C and discharges it into the atmosphere; It includes an automatic control device that automatically controls this.

상기 열분해장치는 무 산소 상태에서 400~800℃로 온도를 자동 조절할 수 있도록 가열장치가 구비된 열분해 소각로가 구비된다. The pyrolysis device is provided with a pyrolysis incinerator equipped with a heating device so as to automatically adjust the temperature to 400 to 800°C in an oxygen-free state.

상기 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 개질장치는 수증기를 플라즈마 상태로 만들어 수소이온과 산소이온으로 분리시키고, 1,500~3,000℃의 조건에서 플라즈마 상태에서 수증기의 물 분자가 수소이온과 산소이온으로 분리되어 열분해된 탄소화합물과 결합되기 좋은 환경을 만든다. The microwave plasma reforming apparatus converts water vapor into a plasma state and separates it into hydrogen ions and oxygen ions, and the water molecules of the water vapor are separated into hydrogen ions and oxygen ions in a plasma state under conditions of 1,500 to 3,000°C, resulting in a thermally decomposed carbon compound. Creates a good environment to be combined.

상기 냉각장치는 열분해로 탄소수 C1~C2로 작게 분해된 탄소화합물과 수증기의 수소이온과 산소이온이 플라즈마 상태에서 결합되어 탄소수 C5~C12의 휘발유와 탄소수 C8~C16의 경유로 개질된 가연가스를 응축시켜 액화시킨다.The cooling device is a gasoline having a carbon number of C 5 ~ C 12 and a gasoline having a carbon number of C 8 ~ C 16 by combining a carbon compound decomposed to a small amount of carbon atoms C 1 ~ C 2 by pyrolysis in a plasma state, and hydrogen ions and oxygen ions of water vapor. The reformed combustible gas is condensed and liquefied.

상기 배기가스 소각장치는 냉각장치에서 응축되지 않은 비응축성 가스를 1,500~3,000℃의 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 토치의 화염으로 소각하여 대기 중으로 다이옥신과 같은 유해가스가 배출되는 것을 방지한다. The exhaust gas incinerator prevents harmful gases such as dioxins from being discharged into the atmosphere by incineration of non-condensable gas that is not condensed in a cooling device with a flame of a microwave plasma torch of 1,500 to 3,000°C.

상기 자동제어장치는 사물인터넷이 구비된 것을 기술적 특징으로 한다. The automatic control device is technically characterized in that the IoT is provided.

본 발명은 심각한 환경문제를 일으키고 있는 플라스틱 폐기물을 별도의 분류 및 증류장치 없이 석유로 재활용함으로서, 플라스틱 폐기물로 인한 심각한 지구환경을 개선할 수 있고, 경제적인 기름으로 재활용하는 효과를 갖는다. The present invention can improve the serious global environment caused by plastic waste by recycling plastic waste causing serious environmental problems as petroleum without a separate classification and distillation device, and has the effect of recycling as economical oil.

도 1은 본 발명의 플라스틱 폐기물 재활용과정의 공정을 보여주는 흐름도이다.
도 2는 본 발명의 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 소각로 사진이고,
도 3은 본 발명의 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 소각로 측면도이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 플라스틱 폐기물의 열 개질장치의 개념도이다.
도 5는 본 발명의 플라스틱 폐기물의 비응축성 가스를 소각하여 다이옥신과 같은 유해가스가 대기 중으로 배출되는 것을 방지하는 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 토치와 토치에서 발생되는 1,500~3,000℃의 화염을 보여주는 사진이고,
도 6은 본 발명의 플라스틱 폐기물의 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 파워의 사진이다.
도 7은 본 발명의 플라스틱 폐기물의 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 토치의 사진이다.
1 is a flow chart showing a process of the plastic waste recycling process of the present invention.
2 is a photograph of a pyrolysis incinerator of plastic waste of the present invention,
3 is a side view of a pyrolysis incinerator for plastic waste according to the present invention.
4 is a conceptual diagram of a plastic waste heat reforming apparatus according to the present invention.
5 is a photograph showing a microwave plasma torch that prevents harmful gases such as dioxin from being discharged into the atmosphere by incineration of non-condensable gas of plastic waste of the present invention and a flame of 1,500 to 3,000° C. generated from the torch,
6 is a photograph of the microwave plasma power of the plastic waste of the present invention.
7 is a photograph of a microwave plasma torch of plastic waste of the present invention.

이하, 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 실시예에 대하여 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 용이하게 실시할 수 있도록 상세히 설명한다. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings so that those of ordinary skill in the art may easily implement the present invention.

본 발명은 여러 가지 상이한 형태로 구현될 수 있으며 여기에서 설명하는 실시예에 한정되지 않는다. The present invention may be implemented in various forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

본 발명을 명확하게 설명하기 위해서 설명과 관계없는 부분은 생략하였으며, 명세서 전체를 통하여 동일 또는 유사한 구성요소에 대해서는 동일한 참조 부호를 붙이도록 한다. In order to clearly describe the present invention, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and the same reference numerals are attached to the same or similar components throughout the specification.

이하에서 기재의 "상부 (또는 하부)" 또는 기재의 "상 (또는 하)"에 임의의 구성이 구비 또는 배치된다는 것은, 임의의 구성이 상기 기재의 상면 (또는 하면)에 접하여 구비 또는 배치되는 것을 의미한다. Hereinafter, it means that an arbitrary configuration is provided or arranged on the "upper (or lower)" or "upper (or lower)" of the substrate, wherein the arbitrary configuration is provided or arranged in contact with the upper (or lower) surface of the substrate. Means that.

또한, 상기 기재와 기재 상에 (또는 하에) 구비 또는 배치된 임의의 구성 사이에 다른 구성을 포함하지 않는 것으로 한정하는 것은 아니다. In addition, it is not limited to not including other configurations between the substrate and any configuration provided or disposed on (or under) the substrate.

이하, 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화방법 및 그 장치를 설명한다. Hereinafter, a method and apparatus for pyrolysis and emulsification of plastic waste according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

도 1을 참조 하면, 본 발명의 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화장치(100)는 플라스틱 폐기물을 무 산소 상태에서 400~800℃로 열분해하여 탄소사슬을 짧게 잘라 탄소수를 C5~C45로 열분해하는 열분해장치(200)와; 열분해 된 가연성 가스를 1,500℃~3,000℃의 열로 개질하여 탄소수를 C1~C2로 작게 분해한 후, 수소이온과 산소이온을 결합하기 좋은 플라즈마 상태로 만들어주는 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 개질장치(300)와; 플라즈마 상태의 수소이온과 산소이온이 개질된 유화가스가 결합한 가연성 가스를 응축시키는 냉각장치(400)와; 이를 저장하는 저장탱크(500)와; 냉각장치(400)에서 응축하지 않은 비응축성 가스를 1,500~3,000℃의 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 토치의 화염으로 소각하여 대기 중으로 배출하는 배기가스소각장치(600)와; 이를 자동으로 제어하는 자동제어장치(700)로 구비된다.Referring to FIG. 1, the pyrolysis and emulsification apparatus 100 of plastic waste of the present invention pyrolyzes plastic waste at 400 to 800°C in an oxygen-free state to shorten the carbon chain and pyrolyze the carbon number to C 5 to C 45 . (200) and; A microwave plasma reforming device 300 that reforms the pyrolyzed combustible gas with heat of 1,500℃~3,000℃ to decompose the number of carbons into C 1 ~ C 2 to make the plasma state good for combining hydrogen ions and oxygen ions. ; A cooling device 400 for condensing a combustible gas in which hydrogen ions in a plasma state and an emulsified gas modified with oxygen ions are combined; A storage tank 500 for storing it; An exhaust gas incinerator 600 that incinerates non-condensable gas not condensed in the cooling device 400 with a flame of a microwave plasma torch of 1,500 to 3,000° C. and discharges it into the atmosphere; It is provided with an automatic control device 700 for automatically controlling this.

상기 열분해장치(200)는 플라스틱 폐기물을 열분해할 수 있는 히터와 같은 가열장치(220)가 구비되며, 플라스틱 폐기물을 열분해로(210)에 넣기 좋게 이를 담을 수 있는 컨테이너(230)로 구비된다. 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해는 무 산소 상태에서 400~800℃의 온도로 열분해로(210)에서 수행되고, 열분해과정에서 플라스틱 폐기물은 탄소사슬이 분해되어 탄소수 C5~C45로 작은 탄소화합물의 가연성가스로 된다.The pyrolysis device 200 is provided with a heating device 220 such as a heater capable of pyrolyzing plastic waste, and is provided with a container 230 capable of storing plastic waste in a good way to put it in the pyrolysis furnace 210. The pyrolysis of plastic waste is performed in the pyrolysis furnace 210 at a temperature of 400 to 800°C in an oxygen-free state, and in the pyrolysis process, the carbon chain is decomposed in the plastic waste to a combustible gas of a small carbon compound with a carbon number of C 5 to C 45 . do.

상기 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 개질장치(300)는 열분해로(210)에서 열분해 된 가연성 가스를 1,500℃~3,000℃의 열로 개질하여 탄소수를 C1~C2로 작게 분해하고, 스월가스(Swirl Gas)로 공급되는 수증기를 플라즈마 상태의 수소이온과 산소이온으로 분해하여 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 개질장치(300)에서 탄소수 C1~C2의 탄소화합물과 수소이온과 산소이온을 1,500℃~3,000℃의 고온으로 반응시켜 탄소수 C5~C12의 휘발유와 탄소수 C8~C16의 경유의 합성가스로 개질된 가연성가스로 된다.The microwave plasma reformer 300 reforms the combustible gas pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis furnace 210 with heat of 1,500°C to 3,000°C, decomposes the number of carbon into C 1 to C 2 , and supplies it as swirl gas. Water vapor is decomposed into hydrogen ions and oxygen ions in plasma state, and carbon compounds of carbon number C 1 ~ C 2 and hydrogen ions and oxygen ions are reacted at a high temperature of 1,500°C to 3,000°C in the microwave plasma reforming device 300 It is a combustible gas reformed with C 5 ~ C 12 gasoline and C 8 ~ C 16 diesel gas.

상기 냉각장치(400)는 일반적인 냉동장치로서 증발기(410)에 휘발유와 경유로 개질된 가연성가스를 통과시켜 액화시킨다. The cooling device 400 is a general refrigerating device and liquefies the combustible gas reformed with gasoline and diesel through an evaporator 410.

또한, 상기 저장탱크(500)는 액화된 휘발유와 경유를 저장한다. In addition, the storage tank 500 stores liquefied gasoline and diesel.

또한, 상기 배기가스소각장치(600)는 상기 냉각장치(400)에서 응축하지 않은 비응축성 가스를 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 토치(610)의 1,500~3,000℃ 화염으로 소각하여 대기 중으로 유해가스가 배출되지 않도록 완전 분해하여 배출한다. In addition, the exhaust gas incineration device 600 incinerates the non-condensable gas not condensed in the cooling device 400 with a 1,500 to 3,000°C flame of the microwave plasma torch 610 so that no harmful gas is discharged into the atmosphere. Disassemble and discharge.

또한, 상기 자동제어장치(700)는 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화장치(100)의 전 공정을 자동으로 제어하고, 각 부품에 고장 및 비정상적인 작동을 감지하는 센서(710)가 부착되어 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화장치(100)의 고장 및 비정상적인 작동을 감지하여 무선 및 유선으로 관리자 및 통제소에 통지하여 고장과 고장부위를 신속하게 알 수 있도록 하는 사물인터넷이 구비된다. In addition, the automatic control device 700 automatically controls the entire process of the pyrolysis and emulsification device 100 of plastic waste, and a sensor 710 for detecting failure and abnormal operation is attached to each part, thereby pyrolysis and emulsification of plastic waste. An Internet of Things (IoT) is provided that detects failures and abnormal operations of the device 100 and notifies managers and control offices wirelessly and wiredly so that failures and fault areas can be quickly known.

상기의 구성 및 작용에 따라, 본 발명에 따르는 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화장치(100)는 회분식 밀폐시스템으로 가동되고, 플라스틱 폐기물을 선별하지 않고, 유화유의 증류과정이 없으며, 2차 환경오염이 없는 이점이 있다. According to the above configuration and operation, the thermal decomposition and emulsification apparatus 100 of plastic waste according to the present invention operates as a batch-type closed system, does not sort plastic waste, does not distill oil, and has no secondary environmental pollution. There is this.

또한, 본 발명에 따르는 실시예는 상기와 같이 경제성이 있는 휘발유와 경유로 재활용할 수 있는 이점이 있다. In addition, the embodiment according to the present invention has the advantage of being able to recycle into gasoline and diesel, which are economical as described above.

이상, 본 발명의 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화장치(100)에 관한 구체적인 실시예에 관하여 설명하였으나, 본 발명의 범위에서 벗어나지 않는 한도 내에서는 여러 가지 실시 변형이 가능함은 자명하다. As described above, specific embodiments of the apparatus 100 for pyrolysis and emulsification of plastic waste of the present invention have been described, but it is obvious that various implementation modifications are possible within the limit not departing from the scope of the present invention.

그러므로 본 발명의 범위에는 설명된 실시예에 국한되어 전해져서는 안 되며, 후술하는 특허청구범위뿐만 아니라 이 특허청구범위와 균등한 것들에 의해 정해져야 한다. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is limited to the described embodiments and should not be transmitted, and should be determined by the claims to be described later, as well as those equivalent to the claims.

즉, 전술된 실시예는 모든 면에서 예시적인 것이며, 한정적인 것이 아닌 것으로 이해되어야 하며, 본 발명의 범위는 상세한 설명보다는 후술될 특허청구범위에 의하여 나타내어지며, 그 특허청구범위의 의미 및 범위 그리고 그 등가 개념으로부터 도출되는 모든 변경 또는 변형된 형태가 본 발명의 범위에 포함되는 것으로 해석되어야 한다. That is, the above-described embodiments are to be understood as illustrative in all respects and not limiting, and the scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims to be described later rather than the detailed description, and the meaning and scope of the claims and All changes or modified forms derived from the equivalent concept should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

100 : 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화장치
200 : 열분해장치 210 : 열분해로
220 : 가열장치 230 : 컨테이너
300 : 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 개질장치
400 : 냉각장치 410 : 증발기
500 : 저장탱크
600 : 배기가스소각장치 610 : 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 토치
700 : 자동제어장치 710 : 센서
100: Pyrolysis and emulsification device of plastic waste
200: pyrolysis device 210: pyrolysis furnace
220: heating device 230: container
300: microwave plasma reformer
400: cooling device 410: evaporator
500: storage tank
600: exhaust gas incinerator 610: microwave plasma torch
700: automatic control device 710: sensor

Claims (4)

열분해로에서 플라스틱 폐기물을 무 산소 상태에서 400~800℃로 열분해하여 플라스틱 폐기물의 탄소사슬을 탄소수 C5~C45로 짧게 분해하는 열분해장치와;
열분해 된 가연성 가스를 탄소수를 C1~C2로 작게 열로 개질하고, 수증기를 결합하기 좋은 플라즈마 상태의 수소이온과 산소이온으로 하여 개질된 탄소수 C1~C2의 가연성 가스와 결합하여 탄소수 C5~C12의 휘발유와 탄소수 C8~C16의 경유의 합성가스로 개질시키는 개질장치와;
개질장치에서 개질할 수 있는 1,500℃~3,000℃의 열을 공급하는 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 개질장치와;
개질된 휘발유와 경유의 가연성가스를 응축시켜 액화하는 냉각장치와;
이를 저장하는 저장탱크와;
비응축성 가스를 1,500~3,000℃의 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 토치의 화염으로 소각하여 대기 중으로 배출하는 배기가스소각장치와;
사물인터넷이 구비되고, 모든 공정을 자동으로 제어하는 자동제어장치가 구비된 것을 특징으로 하는 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화장치.
A pyrolysis device for shortly decomposing the carbon chain of plastic waste into C 5 ~ C 45 by pyrolyzing plastic waste at 400 to 800°C in an oxygen-free state in a pyrolysis furnace;
The thermally decomposed combustible gas is converted to C 1 to C 2 by heat, and it is combined with a combustible gas of C 1 to C 2 modified with hydrogen ions and oxygen ions in a plasma state that is good for combining water vapor and has a carbon number of C 5 A reformer for reforming gasoline of ~C 12 and synthetic gas of light oil of C 8 ~ C 16 ;
A microwave plasma reforming device supplying heat of 1,500 to 3,000 °C that can be reformed in the reforming device;
A cooling device for condensing and liquefying the reformed gasoline and combustible gas of diesel;
A storage tank for storing it;
An exhaust gas incinerator that incinerates non-condensable gas with a flame of a microwave plasma torch of 1,500 to 3,000°C and discharges it into the atmosphere;
An apparatus for thermal decomposition and emulsification of plastic waste, characterized in that the Internet of Things is provided and an automatic control device for automatically controlling all processes is provided.
제 1항에 있어서,
상기 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 개질장치는 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 토치 위에 결합되고, 열분해로에서 탄소수 C5~C45로 열분해 된 가연성 가스를 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 토치의 1,500~3,000℃ 화염으로 탄소수 C1~C2로 작게 분해하고, 이를 스월가스(Swirl Gas)로 공급되는 수증기가 플라즈마 상태의 수소이온과 산소이온으로 탄소수 C1~C2로 작게 분해된 탄소화합물과 결합시켜 개질하는 것을 특징으로 하는 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화장치.
The method of claim 1,
The microwave plasma reforming device is coupled to a microwave plasma torch, and decomposes combustible gas pyrolyzed with carbon number C 5 ~ C 45 in a pyrolysis furnace into a small amount of carbon number C 1 ~ C 2 with a flame of 1,500 ~ 3,000° C. of a microwave plasma torch. And, it is a thermal decomposition and emulsification device for plastic waste, characterized in that water vapor supplied as swirl gas is combined with carbon compounds decomposed into small carbon atoms C 1 ~ C 2 with plasma hydrogen ions and oxygen ions. .
제 2항에 있어서,
상기 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 개질장치는 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 토치에 공급되는 스월가스(Swirl Gas)를 과열수증기로 하여 물분자가 플라즈마 상태의 수소이온과 산소이온으로 열분해로에서 열분해 된 탄소수 C5~C45의 가연성 가스와 결합하기 쉬운 상태가 되도록 개질장치가 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화장치.
The method of claim 2,
The microwave plasma reformer is combustible with a carbon number of C 5 ~ C 45 pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace to microwave swirl gas to the (Swirl Gas) with superheated steam of water molecules in a plasma state hydrogen ion supplied to the plasma torch and the oxygen ion A thermal decomposition and emulsification device for plastic waste, characterized in that the reforming device is provided so as to be easily combined with gas.
제 1항에 있어서,
상기 자동제어장치는 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화장치의 전 공정을 자동으로 제어하고, 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화장치를 구동하는 각 부품에 고장 및 비정상적인 작동을 자동으로 감지하는 센서를 부착하여 구동 중에 고장이 나거나 비정상적인 작동을 하는 것을 즉시 무선 및 유선으로 관리자 및 통제소에 통지하여 고장과 고장부위를 신속하게 알 수 있도록 하는 사물인터넷이 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 플라스틱 폐기물의 열분해 유화장치.
The method of claim 1,
The automatic control device automatically controls the entire process of the pyrolysis and emulsification device of plastic waste, and attaches a sensor that automatically detects failure or abnormal operation to each part that drives the pyrolysis and emulsification device of plastic waste. An apparatus for thermal decomposition and emulsification of plastic waste, characterized in that an Internet of Things (IoT) is provided to promptly know a fault and a fault location by notifying an administrator and a control office immediately of abnormal operation by wireless or wire.
KR1020190014719A 2019-02-08 2019-02-08 A method of oiling by pyrolysis of waste plastic and its devices. KR20200097406A (en)

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GB2618830A (en) * 2022-05-19 2023-11-22 Quantafuel Asa Processing of plastic

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