KR20200081114A - Operating system for virtual power plant having charging/discharging control function on energy storage system and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a virtual power plant operating system and method having distributed power including new and renewable energy, and more particularly, to a virtual power plant operating system and method having a function for charging/discharging control of an energy storage system based on demand response, which can generate a charging/discharging schedule of an energy storage system based on the status of distributed power in response to the demand of Power Exchange and perform charging/discharging control of the energy storage system based on the generated schedule, thereby operating by adaptively responding to demand response to power generation including new and renewable energy. The virtual power plant operating system comprises: a distributed energy source; a demand response service unit; a VPP operating unit; and a distributed resource monitoring unit.

Description

Energy storage system based on demand response Virtual power plant operating system with charging and discharging control function and its operating method {Operating system for virtual power plant having charging/discharging control function on energy storage system and method thereof}

The present invention relates to a virtual power plant operating system having a distributed power source including renewable energy and a method for operating the same, and more specifically, charging and discharging the energy storage system based on the state of the distributed power source in response to the demand of the power exchange. Creating a schedule and performing charge/discharge control of the energy storage system on the basis of this, charging an energy storage system based on demand response that enables an active response in response to demand reactions to power generation power including renewable energy. It relates to a virtual power plant operating system having a discharge control function and its operating method.

In order to complement the existing power supply method centered on the central power generator, distributed energy resources (DER), which are installed and operated in small and medium-sized areas near the demand site, are actively being introduced.

This distributed power supply can be installed in a short time in the required size in the required area, and it can contribute to the short-term stabilization of the power grid because the generator can be started within a short period of time. It can be used to improve system reliability and power quality.

In addition, an integrated management system, that is, a virtual power plant (VPP) for operating various types of distributed power scattered in the power grid as a single power generation system using advanced information communication technology and automatic control technology is being developed. .

Even in such a virtual power plant, a separate system for demand management rather than supply of power is needed for effective operation in consideration of energy efficiency and economic efficiency in power load management.

The demand resource market is a demand management program for restraining maximum power demand and securing reserve power in the event of a power supply emergency. The market principle is when consumers bid for electricity and prices that can be reduced by demand response through the demand resource market. It is a consumer-oriented load management system in which the market price (support unit price) and the amount of reduction for each customer are determined according to this.

That is, it is intended to increase the efficiency of the power market through equal competition between demand and power generation resources in the power market by allowing demand management operators to participate in power trading in the power market to conduct power transactions.

In this regard, the following prior art documents can reduce the load on the central controller and operate the system more efficiently by connecting each intelligent agent to each of multiple power sources and loads to enable distributed control for each device in the central controller. Microgrids are disclosed.

In the prior art document, the central controller notifies each intelligent agent to participate in power reduction according to the power reduction contract established through the demand resource market, and receives the power reduction participation amount of multiple power generation sources and loads from each intelligent agent based on this. It is configured to reduce power according to the economic efficiency and efficiency of power operation.

In addition, in the prior art literature, the intelligent agent transmits the participation fee and reduction cost of participating power reduction to the central controller, and meets the optimal condition based on the participation amount and reduction cost received from each intelligent agent at the central controller. The agent requests power reduction. At this time, the intelligent air agent selects a power source or an additional power in the order in which the reduction cost is close to the required reduction amount in the case of the same reduction cost.

Meanwhile, in recent years, power generation facilities using eco-friendly energy sources such as hydro, wind, and solar power have been used as distributed power sources. The power generation facility of such an eco-friendly energy source does not destroy the environment, but also has a number of advantages such as no resource consumption. Of these, photovoltaic power generation is more preferred because it can be installed in a variety of areas desired by the operator, from small power generation facilities to large power generation facilities. Is becoming.

However, new and renewable energy such as a solar power generation facility has a problem that cannot be applied to a system such as the above-mentioned prior document 1, which requires a reduction amount and a reduction cost in advance because the generation capacity and the cost of electricity generation are uncertain.

That is, in a situation where a virtual power plant having renewable energy as a power source is increasing, a method capable of applying a demand response service to a virtual power plant environment in which it is difficult to predict the amount of electricity and power cost in advance, such as new and renewable energy, is required do.

Republic of Korea Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1472582

The present invention has been devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an energy storage system based on the state of distributed power in response to demand of the power exchange in a virtual power plant operating system having distributed power including renewable energy. By creating a charge/discharge schedule of the system and perform charge/discharge control of the energy storage system based on this, it is possible to easily apply a demand response service to new and renewable energy that is difficult to calculate in advance the amount of power generation and power reduction. It is to provide a virtual power plant operating system and a method of operating the energy storage system charging/discharging control function based on demand response.

In order to achieve the above objects, a virtual power plant operating system having an energy storage system charge/discharge control function based on a demand response according to the present invention includes at least one load and at least one power source including renewable energy facilities, and Requests distributed resource status information from the VPP operation unit based on the reception of the distributed energy source, which includes distributed energy sources including the energy storage system connected to the load and power generation sources, and the power demand information authorized from the power market. After generating ESS charge/discharge schedule information based on the distributed power status information provided, it transmits it to the demand response service unit by acquiring distributed resource status information from the demand response service unit that transmits it to the VPP operation unit and the distributed resource monitoring unit. In addition, the VPP operation unit that controls charging or discharging of the energy storage system based on the ESS charge/discharge schedule information provided from the demand response service unit, and monitors each state of the distributed energy source in connection with the distributed energy source. In addition, it is characterized by comprising a distributed resource monitoring unit that provides status information for each distributed resource to the VPP operation unit.

Here, it is preferable that the VPP operation unit controls the charging or discharging of the energy storage system through the distributed resource monitoring unit by providing ESS charge/discharge schedule information provided from the demand response service unit to the distributed resource monitoring unit.

In addition, the demand response service unit is set to one of the maximum charge amount of the ESS or the sum of the charging rate of the ESS as a target function, and a charging schedule generation module for generating an ESS charging schedule that minimizes the target function using a preset heuristic algorithm, Preferably, the discharge schedule generation module is configured to set one of the maximum discharge amount of the ESS or the sum of discharge rates of the ESS as an objective function and generate an ESS discharge schedule that minimizes the objective function using a preset heuristic algorithm.

In addition, it is preferable that the demand response service unit determines whether to perform a power reduction response or a demand reduction response by comparing and analyzing power demand and distributed resource state information.

In addition, it is preferable that the demand response service unit performs a power reduction response when the difference obtained by subtracting the load from the power generation exceeds the power demand, and performs a demand reduction response when the difference minus the load from the power generation is less than or equal to the power demand.

In order to achieve the above objects, a method for operating a virtual power plant having a function for controlling charge/discharge of an energy storage system based on a demand response according to another embodiment of the present invention includes at least one load and at least one or more including renewable energy facilities. In a virtual power plant operating method of a virtual power plant operating system comprising a VPP operating device that performs power management in combination with a distributed energy source comprising a power source and distributed resources including an energy storage system connected to the load and the power source. In claim 1, when power demand information is applied from the power exchange in the VPP operating device, a first step of collecting state information of the load, a power generation source, and an energy storage system, and a maximum charging amount of an ESS or a charging rate of an ESS in the VPP operating device A second step of setting one of the sums as the objective function and generating an ESS charging schedule that minimizes the objective function using a preset heuristic algorithm, one of the maximum discharge amount of the ESS or the sum of the discharge rates of the ESS in the VPP operating apparatus The third step of setting the target function and generating an ESS discharge schedule that minimizes the target function using a preset heuristic algorithm, and storing the energy based on the ESS charging schedule or the ESS discharge schedule in the VPP operating apparatus. And a fourth step of operating and controlling the system.

Here, the VPP operating apparatus compares and analyzes the power demand based on the status information of each distributed resource collected in the first step to determine a demand response to determine whether to perform a power reduction response or to perform a demand reduction response. It is configured to further include a step, and in the fourth step, the VPP operating device operates and controls the energy storage system according to the ESS charging schedule for the power reduction response, and the energy storage system according to the ESS discharge schedule for the demand reduction response. It is desirable to perform operational control.

In addition, in the demand response determination step, the VPP operating device performs a power reduction response when the difference value obtained by subtracting the total load of the load from the total power generation of the power source exceeds the power demand, and the When the difference value minus the total load is less than the power demand, it is desirable to decide to perform a demand reduction response.

According to the energy storage system charging and discharging control function based on the demand response according to the present invention as described above, a virtual power plant operating system and a method of operating the virtual power plant are equipped with new and renewable energy facilities such as solar energy as a power source. In a power plant system, it is possible to operate a virtual power plant that responds to demand response through a charge/discharge schedule of an energy storage system in response to a power demand required by the power market without calculating the power generation capacity and power reduction of distributed resources in advance. It works.

1 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a virtual power plant operating system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the functional separation of the internal configuration of the VPP operating apparatus shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a view illustrating a separate function of the demand response service unit illustrated in FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the virtual power plant operating system shown in FIG. 1.

The present invention can be implemented in various other forms without departing from its technical spirit or main characteristics. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative in all respects and should not be interpreted as limiting.

Terms such as first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms.

The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from other components. For example, the first component may be referred to as a second component without departing from the scope of the present invention, and similarly, the second component may be referred to as a first component.

When an element is said to be "connected" or "connected" to another component, it is understood that other components may be directly connected to or connected to the other component, but there may be other components in between. It should be.

On the other hand, when a component is said to be "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that no other component exists in the middle.

The terms used in this application are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

In the present application, the terms "include" or "have", "have", etc. are intended to indicate that there are features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts or combinations thereof described in the specification, but one Or further features or numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof, should not be excluded in advance.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.

Terms, such as those defined in a commonly used dictionary, should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with meanings in the context of related technologies, and should not be interpreted as ideal or excessively formal meanings unless explicitly defined in the present application. Does not.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the most preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail in order to describe in detail that a person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can easily implement the present invention. .

1 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a virtual power plant operating system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the virtual power plant operating system according to the present invention is a virtual power plant (VPP: Virtual Power Plant, hereinafter referred to as "VPP") operating device 100, a distributed energy source 200, and the power exchange 300.

Here, the distributed energy source 200 is connected to at least one load 210 and at least one power generation 220 including a renewable energy facility, and the load 210 and the power generation 220 Energy Storage System (ESS).

Load 210 refers to a device that consumes power

The power generation source 220 means a distributed power source as a power generation device, biomass, or fuel cell using renewable energy sources such as cogeneration, microturbine, solar power, and wind power generation.

At this time, the load 210 and the power source 220 are connected to the energy storage system 230, and store the power generated by the power source 220, and supply it to the load 210, if necessary. That is, an energy storage system (ESS) is a system that increases the energy efficiency by storing the produced electrical energy and supplying it at the most necessary time, and simultaneously plays a role of load and power depending on charging and discharging of electrical energy. Is a two-way power facility.

The power exchange 300 may include a number of trading markets, such as a capacity market, a power market, and an auxiliary service market. The capacity market may be a market where electricity is traded on a monthly or yearly basis, the electricity market is a market where electricity is traded on an hourly or daily basis, and the auxiliary service market may refer to a market where electricity is traded on a second or minute basis.

The VPP operating apparatus 100 basically monitors and controls the power generation capacity and operating status of the distributed energy source 200. In particular, the VPP operating apparatus 100 provides optimal charge/discharge schedule information for the energy storage system 230 based on the state of the load 210 and the power source 220 in response to the power demand of the power exchange 300. It is configured to generate, and perform charge/discharge control of the energy storage system 230 on the basis of this.

Hereinafter, the virtual power plant operating system of the present invention described above will be described in detail.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the functional separation of the internal configuration of the VPP operating apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, the VPP operating apparatus 100 includes a Demand Response (DR) service unit 110, a VPP operating unit 120, and a distributed power monitoring unit 130.

The demand response service unit 110 requests distributed power status information from the power exchange 300 to the VPP operating unit 120 based on the reception of power demand amount information, and the distributed power status information provided from the VPP operating unit 120 Based on the ESS charge and discharge schedule information is generated, it is transmitted to the VPP operating unit 120.

VPP operating unit 120 is to control the overall operation of the virtual power plant, in particular, to obtain the distributed power status information from the distributed power monitoring unit 130 and transmits it to the demand response service unit 110, the demand response service unit 110 The ESS charge/discharge schedule information provided from the controller is transmitted to the distributed power monitoring unit 130.

The distributed power monitoring unit 130 is connected to the distributed energy source 200 and monitors the status of each distributed energy source 200, and the status information of the distributed energy source 200, that is, distributed resource status information is VPP Provided by the operation module 120, request to perform charge/discharge control for the distributed energy source 200, and more specifically, the energy storage system 230 according to the ESS charge/discharge schedule information provided from the VPP operation unit 120 do.

3 is a view functionally separating the internal structure of the demand response service unit 110 shown in FIG. 2.

3, the demand response service unit 110 includes a resource status collection module 111 and an ESS schedule generation module 112.

The resource status collection module 112 requests status information about the load 210 and the power source 220 to the VPP operating unit 120, and loads the load 210 and the power source 220 from the VPP operating unit 120. It collects status information about.

At this time, the VPP operating unit 120 receives information about the load and power generation source from the resource monitoring unit 130, extracts the status information for the dual load 210 and the power generation source 220, and collects the resource state 112 ).

For example, the VPP operation unit 120 resources the power source state information of the power generation amount and the ESS charge amount among the power source monitoring information including the power generation capacity, the power generation speed, the ESS maximum charge amount, and the ESS charge rate. It is provided as a state collection module 111.

The ESS schedule generation module 112 is a demand response determination block 112A for determining a demand response based on power demand and resource status, and a charging schedule generation block for generating an ESS charging schedule according to the power generation resource status in response to power reduction ( 112B) and a discharge schedule generation block 112C that generates an ESS discharge schedule according to a load resource state in response to a reduction in demand. At this time, power reduction is a supply-side resource operation method that regulates excess power by suppressing power supplier power supply, and demand reduction is a stable power supply by reducing the demand for power by the end consumer based on monetary compensation. It is a method of operating resources on the demand side that contributes to.

The demand-response decision block 112A compares and analyzes the power demand applied from the power exchange 300 and the load state of the load 210 and the power generation state of the power source 220, for example, comparing the total load and total power generation to respond to power reduction. Decide whether to perform or to respond to demand reduction. At this time, the total load amount and the total power generation amount may be calculated as an average value for a predetermined period.

For example, when the difference value obtained by subtracting the total load from the total power generation exceeds the power demand, the power reduction response may be performed.

The charging schedule generation block 112B sets one of the maximum charging amount of the ESS or the sum of the charging rates of the ESS as an objective function in response to power reduction, and generates an ESS charging schedule that minimizes the objective function. The ESS charging schedule can be generated using various heuristic techniques including genetic algorithms, simulation annealing, and other algorithms. At this time, in the case of one ESS, the charging amount of the ESS is set as the objective function.

The discharge schedule generation block 112C sets one of the maximum discharge amount of the ESS or the sum of the discharge rates of the ESS as an objective function in response to the demand reduction, and generates an ESS discharge schedule that minimizes the objective function. This ESS discharge schedule can be generated using various heuristic techniques including genetic algorithm, simulation annealing, and other algorithms. At this time, in the case of one ESS, the discharge amount of the ESS is set as a target function.

Subsequently, an operation method of a virtual power plant operating system having an energy storage system charge/discharge control function based on a demand response having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to the drawings shown in FIG. 4.

First, the VPP operating apparatus 100 is configured by connecting at least one load 210 and at least one power source 220 including renewable energy facilities, and an energy storage system 230 coupled. In addition, the energy storage system 230 is connected to the load 210 and the power source 220 to charge power generated from the power source 220 and load the charged power to the load 210 or power exchange ( 300).

In addition, the VPP operating apparatus 100 periodically monitors the state of the distributed energy source 200, which is composed of the energy storage system 230 of the load 210 and the power generation source 220, and controls the operation of the distributed energy source 200. Perform.

When power demand information is applied from the power exchange 300 in the above state (ST100), the VPP operating apparatus 100 collects resource state information of the load 210, the power generation source 220, and the ESS 230 ( ST200).

Then, the VPP operating apparatus 100 compares and analyzes the resource state and the power demand information to determine whether to perform a power reduction response or a demand reduction response (ST300, ST400).

At this time, the VPP operating apparatus 100 performs a power reduction response when the difference value obtained by subtracting the total load amount of the load 210 from the total power generation amount of the power generation source 220, that is, when the resource state value exceeds the power demand amount, and generates power When the difference value obtained by subtracting the total load amount of the load 210 from the total power generation amount of the circle 200, that is, the resource state value is less than or equal to the power demand amount, it may be determined to perform a demand reduction response.

The VPP operating apparatus 100 generates an ESS charging schedule for a power reduction response, an ESS discharge schedule for a demand reduction response, and operates and controls the energy storage system in response to the ESS charge/discharge schedule (ST500) ,ST600).

At this time, for the response to power reduction, one of the maximum charging amount of the ESS or the sum of the charging rates of the ESS is set as the target function, and an ESS charging schedule that minimizes the target function is generated using a preset heuristic algorithm.

In addition, in response to demand reduction, one of the maximum discharge amount of the ESS or the sum of the discharge rates of the ESS is set as the objective function, and an ESS discharge schedule that minimizes the target function is generated using a preset heuristic algorithm.

That is, according to the embodiment according to the present invention, in a virtual power plant system operated by providing a renewable energy facility such as solar energy as a power source, charging of the energy storage system in response to the required power demand from the power market Through the discharge schedule, it is possible to operate a virtual power plant with a service that responds to demand response.

The embodiments of the present invention described above may also be implemented in the form of a recording medium including instructions executable by a computer, such as program modules executed by a computer. Such recording media include computer readable media, which can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer and includes both volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. In addition, computer readable media includes computer storage media, which are volatile and nonvolatile implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. , Removable and non-removable media.

The scope of the present invention is indicated by the following claims rather than the above detailed description, and it should be interpreted that all changes or modified forms derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and equivalent concepts thereof are included in the scope of the present invention. do.

100: VPP operating device 110: demand response (DR) service department
120: VPP operation unit 130: distributed resource monitoring unit
200: distributed energy source 210: load
220: Power source 230: Energy storage system (ESS)
300: Power Exchange

Claims (8)

A distributed energy source consisting of at least one load, at least one power source including renewable energy facilities, and distributed resources including an energy storage system connected to the load and the power source;
Requests distributed resource status information to the VPP operation unit based on the reception of power demand information authorized from the power market, generates ESS charge and discharge schedule information based on the distributed power status information provided from the VPP operation unit, and then sends it to the VPP operation unit. A demand response service unit for transmitting;
VPP that acquires and transmits the status information of the distributed resource from the distributed resource monitoring unit and transmits it to the demand response service unit, and controls charging or discharging of the energy storage system based on the ESS charge/discharge schedule information provided by the demand response service unit. Operating department; And
It is connected to the distributed energy source, and monitors each status of the distributed energy source, and also includes a distributed resource monitoring unit that provides status information for each distributed resource to the VPP operation unit. Energy storage system Virtual power plant operation system with charge/discharge control function.
According to claim 1,
The VPP operation unit provides the ESS charge/discharge schedule information provided by the demand response service unit to the distributed resource monitoring unit to control charging or discharging of the energy storage system through the distributed resource monitoring unit. Virtual power plant operation system with charge/discharge control function.
According to claim 1,
The demand response service unit sets a charging schedule generation module that sets one of the maximum charging amount of the ESS or the sum of the charging rates of the ESS as a target function and generates an ESS charging schedule that minimizes the target function using a preset heuristic algorithm; And
It is characterized in that it comprises a discharge schedule generation module that sets either the maximum discharge amount of the ESS or the total discharge rate of the ESS as an objective function, and generates an ESS discharge schedule that minimizes the objective function using a preset heuristic algorithm. What is provided to the VPP operating unit is a virtual power plant operating system having an energy storage system charge/discharge control function based on demand response.
The method of claim 3,
The demand response service unit performs an energy storage system charge/discharge control function based on a demand response characterized by determining whether to perform a power reduction response or a demand reduction response by comparing and analyzing power demand and distributed resource status information. Having a virtual power plant operating system.
The method of claim 4,
The demand response service unit performs a power reduction response when the difference minus the load amount from the power generation exceeds the power demand, and performs a demand reduction response when the difference minus the load amount from the power generation is less than the power demand. Based energy storage system Virtual power plant operating system with charge/discharge control function.
VPP that performs power management in combination with a distributed energy source consisting of at least one load, at least one power source including renewable energy facilities, and distributed resources including an energy storage system connected to the load and the power source. A method for operating a virtual power plant in a virtual power plant operating system including an operating device,
A first step of collecting state information of the load, a power generation source, and an energy storage system when power demand information is applied from the power exchange in the VPP operating apparatus;
A second step of setting one of the maximum charge amount of the ESS or the sum of the charge rates of the ESS in the VPP operating apparatus as an objective function and generating an ESS charging schedule that minimizes the objective function using a preset heuristic algorithm;
A third step of setting one of the maximum discharge amount of the ESS or the sum of the discharge rates of the ESS as a target function in the VPP operating apparatus and generating an ESS discharge schedule to minimize the target function using a preset heuristic algorithm; And
And a fourth step of operating and controlling the energy storage system based on the ESS charging schedule or the ESS discharge schedule in the VPP operating apparatus. Virtual having an energy storage system charge/discharge control function based on demand response. How to operate a power plant.
The method of claim 6,
The VPP operating apparatus compares and analyzes the power demand based on the status information of each distributed resource collected in the first step to determine a demand response determination step to determine whether to perform a power reduction response or a demand reduction response. Including additional,
In the fourth step, the VPP operating device performs operational control of the energy storage system according to the ESS charging schedule for response to power reduction, and performs energy control of the energy storage system according to the ESS discharge schedule for response to demand reduction. A method of operating a virtual power plant with a charge/discharge control function for an energy storage system based on demand response.
The method of claim 7,
In the demand response determination step, the VPP operating device performs a power reduction response when the difference value obtained by subtracting the total load of the load from the total power generation of the power source exceeds the power demand, and the total load of the load from the total power generation of the power source. A method for operating a virtual power plant having an energy storage system charging/discharging control function based on a demand response, characterized in that, when the difference value minus is less than or equal to a power demand, a demand reduction response is performed.

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