KR20200061672A - Intergrated controller for EV battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an integrated charging controller for an electric vehicle battery to implement a system miniaturization and a low cost. The integrated charging controller includes: a transformer having primary to tertiary coils and inducing power according to the turns ratio of the coils; an on-board charger (OBC) primary circuit for converting AC voltage into primary power and applying it to the primary coil; an OBC/LDC integrated circuit; an LDC secondary circuit for converting the fourth power into a DC voltage and outputting it to a low voltage connector; an inverter; a processor that controls the operations as a whole in which the OBC/LDC integrated circuit is operated in a rectification mode when the vehicle is parked and in a converting mode when the vehicle is driven; and a PCB circuit board.

Description

Electric vehicle battery integrated charge control device {Intergrated controller for EV battery}

The present invention relates to a battery integrated charging control device for an electric vehicle that enables system miniaturization and cost reduction.

In the automobile market so far, gasoline engines have had an absolute advantage, but as fossil fuels are depleted and environmental pollution is getting worse, it is being converted into an eco-friendly, high-efficiency green car market with less carbon dioxide emissions and less fuel consumption.

In the United States, Japan and Europe, developed countries such as the United States are actively supporting the expansion of charging infrastructure to promote the electric vehicle market. In particular, they utilize new and renewable energy resources to increase the stability of power supply and decentralize power supply and demand. The need for research to induce emerges.

In addition, research is needed to improve accessibility and convenience of electric vehicle charging stations by utilizing various communication services and IT technologies of smart grids.

The technical direction of electric vehicle parts is "high performance, light weight, safety", and the core of these are battery technology (high performance, high density energy storage technology) and electric drive system (high voltage electric components, high power drive motor, motor control, etc.) .

Among these electric vehicle systems (parts), it is necessary to develop an on-board charger (OBC), an interactive battery charging system for electric vehicles that can operate in V2G (Vehicle to Grid) mode as well as charging the battery.

In addition, in order to survive the simplification of the system and high price competition, it is necessary to develop a module in which one component performs two functions simultaneously by integrating parts units into one.

It is necessary to develop an integrated module of low voltage DC/DC converter (LCD) and OBC, which are chargers for charging low voltage batteries (12VDC), an auxiliary power source for electric vehicles.

1 is a view for explaining the structure of a charging system of an electric vehicle according to the prior art.

Referring to FIG. 1, the charging system 10 of a conventional electric vehicle is a built-in charger (OBC) that charges the high voltage battery 21 through an AC voltage supplied through an EVSE (Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment) 10. On-Board Charger (11), the high voltage (for example, 330V) from the high voltage battery 21 is converted to a low voltage (for example, 12V) to convert the low voltage battery 22 and the vehicle electric load (for example, BMS (Battery Management System) (41), EWP (Electric Water Pump) (42), ECU (Electronic Control Unit) (43), etc. And an inverter 13 for controlling the output of the voltage of the high voltage battery 21 to AC to drive the main power motor 50.

However, when the OBC 11, the LDC 12, and the inverter 13 are present as separate components, as shown in FIG. 1, each input output connector for connection with external components and a signal connector for communication, etc. Three types of connectors must be used for each part, and as a result, the three parts of the OBC 11, LDC 12, and inverter 13 have a total of nine connectors.

More specifically, in the case of OBC (11), since it is a device that charges an electric vehicle high voltage battery by receiving AC commercial power, an AC input connector for receiving AC, a DC output connector for exporting the output converted to DC, and battery information It consists of a total of three types of connectors, such as a signal connector for receiving input and receiving power from a control unit. Likewise, since the LDC is a device for charging a low voltage battery, a high voltage input connector for receiving high voltage and a low voltage output connector converted to low voltage and output. , It consists of a signal connector for CAN communication. The inverter is also a device for controlling by changing the motor voltage to AC voltage by receiving DC high voltage of an electric vehicle, and consists of a DC input connector, AC output connector, and signal connector for CAN communication.

In addition, in the case of a high voltage connector, there are many custom products that are specially manufactured because it must have high IP rating satisfaction and high insulation voltage characteristics, and thus the unit price increase cannot be ignored.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is to provide a battery integrated charging control device for an electric vehicle that enables mechanical miniaturization and low cost by integrating OBC, LDC, and inverter mechanically and circuitly.

The objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

As a means for solving the above problems, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a primary to tertiary coil is provided, and a secondary power source is derived from the primary power source according to the winding ratio of the primary coil and the secondary coil. , A transformer for inducing a fourth power from a third power supply according to the winding ratio of the secondary coil and the third coil; An on-board charger (OBC) primary side circuit that converts AC voltage input through an AC input connector to the primary power and applies it to the primary coil; In the rectifying mode, the secondary power applied to the secondary coil is converted into a DC voltage and output to a high voltage connector to which a high voltage battery is connected. In the converting mode, the battery voltage input through the high voltage connector is converted into the third power. An OBC/LDC integrated circuit that is converted and applied to the secondary coil; An LDC secondary side circuit that converts the fourth power applied to the tertiary coil into a DC voltage and outputs it to a low voltage connector to which a low voltage battery is connected; An inverter that converts a battery voltage input through the high voltage connector into a motor driving voltage and outputs it to an AC output connector to which a motor is connected; Overall operation of the OBC primary circuit, the OBC/LDC integrated circuit, the LDC secondary circuit, and the inverter is controlled, but the OBC/LDC integrated circuit is operated in a rectifying mode when parking the vehicle, and converted when the vehicle is driving. A processor operating in a mode; And the transformer, the OBC primary side circuit, the OBC/LDC integrated circuit, the LDC secondary side circuit, the inverter, the processor, the AC input connector, the AC output connector, the high voltage connector, the low voltage connector, and the signal connector. It provides a battery integrated charging control device for an electric vehicle, including a PCB circuit board for mounting, and connecting circuits or circuits and connectors to each other through a signal line.

The OBC/LDC integrated circuit is characterized in that four transistors having a body diode are provided with a switching unit connected in a full bridge manner.

The OBC/LDC integrated circuit is characterized in that four transistors are turned off in the rectifying mode to synchronously rectify the secondary power induced in the secondary coil through the body diodes of the four transistors.

The OBC/LDC integrated circuit is characterized in that, in converting mode, the overlapping times of the four transistors are switched to adjust the average voltage applied to the secondary coil.

The transformer has a structure in which the first to third coils are wound on one iron core in a stacked manner.

The present invention allows OBC, LDC, and inverter to be mounted on one PCB circuit board, and replaces the existing connector through a signal line patterned on the PCB circuit board to reduce the number of connectors to a total of 5, thereby minimizing system and reducing cost. It provides an effect that makes it possible.

In addition, the transformer has a structure in which the first to third coils N1 to N3 are wound on one iron core in a stacked manner, so that the volume due to the transformer can be minimized.

1 is a view for explaining the structure of a charging system of an electric vehicle according to the prior art.
2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an integrated charging system for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 and 4 are views for explaining a battery integrated charge control device for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a signal waveform diagram illustrating a converting operation of the OBC/LDC integrated circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a view showing a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The objectives and effects of the present invention, and technical configurations for achieving them, will be clarified with reference to embodiments described below in detail together with the accompanying drawings. In describing the present invention, when it is determined that a detailed description of known functions or configurations may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted.

In addition, terms to be described later are terms defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, which may vary according to a user's or operator's intention or practice.

However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but may be implemented in various different forms. Only the present embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present invention complete, and to fully inform the person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains, the scope of the present invention being defined by the scope of the claims. It just works. Therefore, the definition should be made based on the contents throughout this specification.

2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an integrated charging system for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the integrated charging system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention includes a battery integrated charging control device 100 for an electric vehicle in which OBC, LDC, and inverter are mounted on one PCB circuit board. It is possible to replace the three heat dissipation structures and cases with one housing.

In addition, it is possible to reduce the total number of connectors to 5 by replacing the existing connector through the signal line patterned on the PCB circuit board, thereby achieving cost reduction.

3 and 4 are views for explaining a battery integrated charge control device for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 and 4, the battery integrated charge control device 100 of the present invention includes an AC input connector (C_ACIN), an AC output connector (C_ACOUT), a high voltage connector (C_HV), a low voltage connector (C_LV), and a signal connector ( C_SIG), PCB circuit board 110 for connecting circuits or circuits and connectors to each other through signal lines, transformer 120 mounted on PCB circuit board 110, and OBC primary circuit 130 , And the OBC/LDC integrated circuit 140, the LDC secondary circuit 140, the inverter 160, and the processor 170.

The transformer 120 includes primary to tertiary coils N1, N2, and N3, and a secondary power is induced to the secondary coil N2 by the primary power applied to the primary coil N1, The fourth power is induced to the third coil N3 according to the third power applied to the second coil N2.

At this time, the number of windings of the primary to tertiary coils N1, N2, N3 may be reduced in the order of N2, N1, N3, and the number of windings thereof may be arbitrarily adjusted according to the step-up ratio and step-down ratio, of course. will be.

For reference, the transformer is a part that occupies a very large volume, and the device size is greatly affected by the number and volume of the transformers. Accordingly, the present invention allows to implement both OBC and LDC through one transformer, thereby minimizing the increase in volume according to the transformer.

The OBC primary circuit 130 rectifies and boosts the AC voltage input through the AC input connector (C_ACIN) into a radio wave using a bridge diode, and then converts the boosted direct current (DC) into high frequency AC power through the bridge converter. Convert to apply to the primary coil (N1) of the transformer (120).

The OBC primary circuit 130 includes a rectifier 121 that rectifies AC voltage into a radio wave using a bridge diode, and a power factor correction (PFC) circuit 122 that boosts a DC voltage rectified by the radio wave and compensates for power factor. ), a full bridge converter 123 for converting the boosted direct current (DC) into a high-frequency AC voltage through the bridge converter, and the like.

The OBC/LDC integrated circuit 140 is implemented by a switching unit 141 in which four transistors Q1 to Q4 having a body diode are connected in a full bridge manner and a capacitor C connected to both ends of the switching unit 141, and is rectified. It operates in two modes: mode and converting mode.

That is, in the rectifying mode, the four transistors Q1 to Q4 are turned off to synchronously rectify the secondary power induced in the secondary coil N2 through the body diodes of the four transistors Q1 to Q4 to the DC voltage. To output to the high voltage connector (C_HV) to which the high voltage battery is connected.

In the converting mode, the battery voltage input through the high voltage connector C_HV is dropped to the third voltage to be applied to the secondary coil N2. To this end, the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, the four transistors (Q1 ~ Q4) to switch the overlap time. That is, (Q2, Q4) 1 pair (Q1, Q3) Phase shift type to control the average voltage across the secondary coil (N2) by adjusting the phase of each pair with 50% fixed duty width Drive with a full bridge converter. And the voltage application to the secondary coil N2 is possible when Q1 and Q2 are turned on at the same time, or Q4 and Q3 are turned on at the same time, as in the P section, and Q1 and Q4 are turned on at the same time or Q3 and Q2 are turned on at the same time. At this time, the voltage at both ends of the secondary coil N2 becomes zero, so that no voltage is applied to the secondary coil N2.

The LDC secondary-side circuit 150 converts the fourth power applied to the third coil N3 into DC voltage to output to the low-voltage connector C_LV to which the low-voltage battery is connected.

The LDC secondary-side circuit 150 filters the outputs of the rectifier 151 and rectifier 121 that rectify the fourth power applied to the third coil N3 to a DC voltage using a bridge diode, and thus a low voltage connector (C_LV) ) May include a filter 152 to be applied.

The inverter 160 converts the battery voltage input through the high voltage connector C_HV into a motor driving voltage to output to the AC output connector C_ACOUT to which the motor is connected.

The processor 170 communicates with the ECU 43 through a CAN bus to check whether the vehicle is driving. And when the vehicle is parked, the high voltage battery is charged through the OBC primary circuit, the transformer 120 and the OBC/LDC integrated circuit, and when the vehicle is driving, the LDC secondary circuit, the OBC/LDC integrated circuit, and the inverter are operated and controlled. Processor

As described above, the present invention is to mount the OBC, LDC, inverter on one PCB circuit board, and reduce the number of connectors provided on the PCB circuit board, thereby enabling system miniaturization and cost reduction.

In addition, it is possible to reduce the transformers provided in each of the OBC and LDC to one, thereby enabling the system miniaturization effect to be further increased.

6 is a view showing a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the present invention, the transformer 120 has a structure in which the first to third coils N1 to N3 are wound in a stacked manner on one iron core. That is, by having a structure in which the first coil N1, the second coil N2, and the third coil N3 are sequentially stacked, the volume due to the transformer can be minimized.

The above description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains may make various modifications and variations without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical spirit of the present invention, but to explain, and the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention should be interpreted by the claims below, and all technical spirits within the equivalent range should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

A primary to tertiary coil is provided, and a secondary power source is derived from a primary power source according to the winding ratio of the primary coil and the secondary coil, and a tertiary power source according to the winding ratio of the secondary coil and the tertiary coil. A transformer that induces a fourth power source from;
An on-board charger (OBC) primary circuit for converting AC voltage input through an AC input connector to the primary power and applying it to the primary coil;
In the rectifying mode, the secondary power applied to the secondary coil is converted into a DC voltage and output to a high voltage connector to which a high voltage battery is connected. In the converting mode, the battery voltage input through the high voltage connector is converted into the third power. An OBC/LDC integrated circuit that is converted and applied to the secondary coil;
An LDC secondary-side circuit that converts the fourth power applied to the tertiary coil into a DC voltage and outputs it to a low voltage connector to which a low voltage battery is connected;
An inverter that converts a battery voltage input through the high voltage connector into a motor driving voltage and outputs it to an AC output connector to which a motor is connected;
Overall operation of the OBC primary circuit, the OBC/LDC integrated circuit, the LDC secondary circuit, and the inverter is controlled, but the OBC/LDC integrated circuit is operated in a rectifying mode when parking the vehicle, and converted when the vehicle is driving. A processor operating in a mode; And
The transformer, the OBC primary side circuit, the OBC/LDC integrated circuit, the LDC secondary side circuit, the inverter, the processor, the AC input connector, the AC output connector, the high voltage connector, the low voltage connector, the signal connector An integrated battery charge control device for an electric vehicle including a PCB circuit board mounted and connecting circuits or circuits and connectors to each other through a signal line. The OBC/LDC integrated circuit of claim 1,
A battery integrated charge control device for an electric vehicle, characterized in that four transistors having a body diode have a switching unit connected in a full bridge manner. The OBC/LDC integrated circuit of claim 2,
In the rectifying mode, the four transistors are turned off to synchronously rectify the secondary power induced in the secondary coil through the body diodes of the four transistors. The OBC/LDC integrated circuit of claim 2,
In the converting mode, the overlapping time of the four transistors is switched to adjust the average voltage applied to the secondary coil. The method of claim 1, wherein the transformer
A battery integrated charge control device for an electric vehicle, characterized in that the first to third coils are wound on one iron core in a stacked manner.

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