KR20200060139A - Multi-Band Power Divider - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a multi-band power divider (PD). Embodiments of the present invention provide a novel tri-band Gysel power divider. In comparison to a conventional Gysel PD, two additional multi-band biasing networks consisting of trunk transmission lines (TLs) shunted open-end stubs have phase inverters attached between two isolation resistors. The configuration has a simple structure without additional via holes or lumped elements other than multiple passbands. The proposed multi-band power divider, like a traditional Gysel PD, can process higher power than a Wilkinson PD suitable for application to 5G mobile communication, and has a higher operating frequency than the Wilkinson PD. In embodiments of the present invention, a detailed closed design equation designed and verified a tri-band Gysel power divider operating in operating frequencies of 2, 2.5, and 3 GHz.

Description

Multi-Band Power Divider

The present invention relates to a multi-band power divider, and proposed a new multi-band Gysel power divider. Compared to the existing Gysel PD, two additional multi-band biasing networks consisting of trunk transmission lines (TLs) and shunted open-end stubs. Phase inverters are attached between two isolation resistors. In addition to multiple passbands, this configuration has a simple structure without additional via holes or lumped elements (individual elements such as resistors, inverters, capacitors, etc.).

In addition, like the traditional Gysel PD, the proposed multiband power divider (PD) provides higher power handling capability than Wilkinson PD suitable for 5G mobile communication applications, and has a higher operating frequency than Wilkinson PD. In the examples, detailed closed design equations were designed and verified for tri-band Gysel power dividers operating at 2.0 GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.0 GHz center frequencies of the power divider.

This project was funded by the Korea Research Foundation (KRF-2016R1D1A1B03935640).

The power divider divides the input voltage by 1/2 power to the input port and outputs 1/2 power to the output ports 1,2 respectively.

As a prior art 1 related to a power divider (PD), Patent Registration No. 10-10700090000 discloses a "1: 2 ultra-wideband power divider / combiner with improved isolation", which is coupled capacitively with a transmission line. It is possible to adjust the bandwidth of the input or output signal to the ultra-wide band by using a short circuit line, and to provide an ultra-wideband power divider / combiner with improved stability by isolating the output transmission lines from each other.

The ultra-wideband power divider can accurately set the bandwidth of the input / output signal to the desired ultra-wideband by adjusting the size of the capacitive coupling between the transmission line and the short circuit line. In addition, this ultra-wideband power divider improves the isolation between transmission lines through which signals are output by inserting isolation resistors between transmission lines through which signals are output.

As related prior art 2, Patent Registration No. 10-10700350000 discloses an "ultra-wideband power splitter / combiner", capacitively couples two T-shaped transmission line portions having a λ / 4 length transmission line, Transmitting line unit Ultra wide band that divides the size of the output signal or combines the input signal by using a short circuit of λ / 2 length that is capacitively coupled with the transmission line so that bandwidth and attenuation poles can be adjusted in each transmission line. A power divider / combiner is provided.

The ultra-wideband power divider can accurately set the bandwidth of the input / output signal to the desired ultra-wideband by adjusting the size of the capacitive coupling between the transmission line and the short circuit line. In addition, the ultra-wideband power divider capacitively couples the two T-shaped transmission line portions and capacitively couples the transmission line and the short-circuit line of each T-shaped transmission line portion, so that the size of the capacitive coupling of the T-shaped transmission line portion or By adjusting the size of the capacitive coupling between the transmission line and the short circuit line of each T-shaped transmission line part, the size of the output signal can be adjusted equally or differentially.

Compared to the Walkinson PD, the Gysel PD is equipped with high-power processing by a configuration in which isolation resistors are used for two ports. In Wilkinson PD, the insulation resistance is inherent in the network, and the parasitic phase response of the isolation resistor should be almost zero. Due to the very short wavelength, the parasitic phase response of the inherent insulation resistance, which cannot be neglected at high frequencies, can limit applications for Wilkinson PD in high frequency systems.

Two types of power dividers are widely used in the wireless communication system and other microwave systems, such as the Walkinson PD and the Gisele PD. When comparing the Walkinson PD and the Gysel PD, it has high power handling performance due to the two grounded isolation resistors. Moreover, the separation resistors are not inherent in the network, meaning the type of power dividers PD that can operate at higher frequencies than the Walkinson PD. Recently, many multi-band Giesel PDs are used to cope with the increasing demand for multi-band applications. However, most designs are still related to dual-band design [1]-[5], and there is one paper on tri-band Gysel PD [6]. . Moreover, at the present stage of the author's knowledge, studies of quad-, or quad- or higher, multi-band Gysel PD have not been reported.

In previous studies, Π-shaped composite right- / left-handed TL [1], short- / open-ended stub [2]-[4], or coupled lines ) [5] is a general way to implement dual passbands. In reference [6], referring to the tri-band Gysel PD, tri-band TL transformers and parallel short- and open-terminal resonators (parallel short) It is designed based on dual band circuit using-and open-ended resonators. However, additional via-holes were induced and the bandwidth of the power divider (PD) was as small as 2.4%, 0.8% and 3.1% in each passband.

In this paper, a new multi-band Giselle power divider is proposed. The proposed structure is constructed by replacing the existing quarter-wave length phase inverter of the equal-split Gysel PD with a multi-band phase inverter. . The closed design equations were derived and verified by a tri-band Gysel power divider (tri-band Gysel PD), and the measurement results showed good agreement with the simulation measurement results.

Patent registration number 10-10700090000 (Registration date September 27, 2011), "1: 2 ultra-wideband power splitter / combiner with improved isolation", Kyunghee University Industry-Academic Cooperation Group Patent registration number 10-10700350000 (registration date September 27, 2011), "1: 3 ultra-wideband power splitter / combiner", Kyunghee University Industry-Academic Cooperation Group

 X. Ren, K. Song, M. Fan, Y. Zhu and B. Hu, "Compact dual-band Gysel power divider based on composite right- and left-handed transmission lines," IEEE Microw. Compon. Lett., Vol 25, no. 2, pp 82-84, Feb. 2015  Z. Lin and Q. X. Chu, "A novel approach to the design of in-phase / out-of-phase power divider," in 2010 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology, Cheng F May 2010, pp 1301-1304  H. Shahi Gharehaghaji and H. Shamsi, "Design of unequal dual band Gysel power divider with isolation bandwidth improvement," IEEE Microw. Compon. Lett., Vol. 27, no 2, pp 138-140, Feb. 2017.  M. J. Park, "Coupled line Gysel power divider for dual-band operation," Electronics Lett., Vol. 47, no 10, pp 599-601, May 2011  Z. Sun, L. Zhang, Y. Liu and X. Tong, "Modified Gysel Power Divider for Dual-Band Applications," IEEE Microw. Compon. Lett., Vol. 21, no. 1, pp 16-18, Jan 2011.  M. Hayati, S. A. Malakooti and A. Abdipour, "A Novel Design of Triple-Band Gysel Power Divider," IEEE Trans. Microws. Theory Tech, vol. 61, no. 10, pp 3558-3567, Oct. 2013.  A. N. Xuan and R. Negra, "Design of concurrent multiband biasing networks for multiband RF power amplifiers," in 2012 42nd European Microwave Conference, Amsterdam, 2012, pp 1-4.  X.A. Nghiem and R. Negra, "Load-Tuned Concurrent Triband Power Amplifier Using Multiband Biasing Network Architecture," in 2015 German Microwave Conference, Aachen, Germany, 2014, pp1-4.

An object of the present invention for solving the above problems was to provide a new multi-band Gysel power divider (tri-band Gysel Power Divider).

Compared to the existing Gysel PD, two additional multi-band biasing networks consisting of trunk transmission lines (TLs) and shunted open-end stubs. Phase inverters are attached between two isolation resistors. Besides multiple passbands, this configuration has a simple structure without additional via holes or lumped elements (individual elements such as resistors, inverters, capacitors, etc.).

In addition, like the traditional Gysel PD, the proposed multiband power divider (PD) provides higher power handling capability than Wilkinson PD suitable for 5G mobile communication applications, and has a higher operating frequency than Wilkinson PD. In the examples, detailed closed design equations were designed and verified for tri-band Gysel power dividers operating at 2.0 GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.0 GHz operating frequencies.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the multi-band power divider comprises: input port 1 of the multi-band power divider; Output ports 2 and 3 of the multi-band power divider; An impedance converter of the output port 2 and an impedance converter of the output port 3, which are branched to the output ports 2 and 3 through a transmission line having a rectangular structure to the input port; A phase inverter of the output port 2 and a phase inverter of the output port 3 respectively connected to the impedance converter of the output port 2 and the impedance converter of the output port 3 in a vertical direction through a trunk transmission line having a rectangular structure; Open stubs of the output port 2 formed on the left and right sides of the phase inverter of the output port 2; And open stubs of the output port 3 formed on the left and right sides of the phase inverter of the output port 3; A via hole provided in a rectangular shape of the phase inverter of the output port 2 and the phase inverter of the output port 3; And respective lumped insulation resistors R provided on the upper and lower sides of the via hole and used as isolation resistors for the lumped elements.

The multi-band power divider (tri-band Gysel power divider) of the present invention, compared to the conventional Gysel PD, the trunk transmission lines (trunk transmission lines, TLs) and short-circuit open-ended stub (shunted open) Two additional multi-band biasing networks, consisting of -end stubs, have phase inverters attached between the two isolation resistors. Besides multiple passbands, this configuration has a simple structure without additional via holes or lumped elements (individual elements such as resistors, inverters, capacitors, etc.).

In addition, like the traditional Gysel PD, the proposed multi-band power divider provides higher power handling than Wilkinson PD suitable for 5G mobile communication applications, and has a higher operating frequency than Wilkinson PD. In the examples, detailed closed design equations were designed and verified for tri-band Gysel power dividers operating at 2.0 GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.0 GHz operating frequencies.

The multi-band power divider provides stable power distribution as a power divider of a power amplifier (PA) system or an application of LTE 4G / 5G mobile communication.

이고 모든 전송라인들의 전기적인 길이(electrical length)가 90° 인 기존 1/2 Gysel 전력 분배기(Gysel Power Divider)의 구조를 보인 도면이다.
도 2는 본 발명에서 제안된 다중 대역 위상 인버터(multi-band phase inverter)의 개념도이다.
도 3은 본 발명에서 설계된 다중 대역 전력 분배기(multi band power divider, tri-band Gysel power divider)의 패턴과 물리적인 크기를 보인 도면이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 다중 대역 전력 분배기(tri-band Gysel power divider)의 측정도니 결과와 시뮬레이션 결과를 나타내며, (a) 입력 port 1에서의 반사 손실(

), 입력 port 1의 입력 신호에 대한 출력 port 2의 삽입 손실(

)을 갖는 출력 전달 특성; (b) 다중 대역 전력 분배기의 2.0 GHz, 2.5 GHz 및 3.0 GHz 중심 주파수에서 출력 port 2,3들의 isolation 특성; (c) 출력 port 2,3의 출력 신호의 세기(intensity)와 위상(phase)이 주파수에 따라 일정한 정도를 보인 출력 전달 특성을 보인 도면이다. Figure 1

It is a diagram showing the structure of the existing 1/2 Gysel Power Divider with the electrical length of all transmission lines being 90 °.
2 is a conceptual diagram of a multi-band phase inverter proposed in the present invention.
3 is a view showing a pattern and a physical size of a multi-band power divider (tri-band Gysel power divider) designed in the present invention.
4 shows measurement results and simulation results of a multi-band Gysel power divider of the present invention, (a) return loss at input port 1 (

), Insertion loss of output port 2 to input signal of input port 1 (

) Output transmission characteristics; (b) isolation characteristics of output ports 2 and 3 at the 2.0 GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.0 GHz center frequencies of the multi-band power divider; (c) It is a diagram showing the output transmission characteristics in which the intensity and phase of the output signals of the output ports 2 and 3 show a certain degree according to the frequency.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail the configuration and operation of the invention.

The present invention relates to a multi-band power divider, and a new multi-band power divider proposed a tri-band Gysel Power Divider. Compared to the existing Gysel PD, two additional multi-band biasing networks consisting of trunk transmission lines (TLs) and shunted open-end stubs. Phase inverters are attached between two isolation resistors. Besides multiple passbands, this configuration has a simple structure without additional via holes or lumped elements (individual elements such as resistors, inverters, capacitors, etc.).

In the multi-band power divider, the center frequency of the power divider (PD) can be implemented as 2, 3, 4, or 5, and the center frequency of the power divider is 2 or more. Means power divider,

In an embodiment, the multi-band power divider is designed and implemented as a tri-band Gysel Power Divider operating at 2.0 GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.0 GHz center frequencies, for example, having three center frequencies, and is not limited thereto. Can be.

이며, 모든 시뮬레이션 및 제조는 테프론 기판 상에

= 2.54의 상대 유전율(relative dielectric constant), h = 0.54 mm의 두께, T = 0.018 mm 도체 높이로 제조되었다. The port impedance is

And all simulations and manufacturing are performed on a Teflon substrate.

= 2.54 relative dielectric constant, h = 0.54 mm thick, T = 0.018 mm conductor height.

In an embodiment, the new multi-band power divider presented a tri-band Gysel Power Divider (PD), and the closed design equation was tri- operating at 2.0 GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.0 GHz operating frequencies. The band Gysel Power Divider was designed and proven.

In addition, like the traditional Gysel PD (Gysel Power Divider), the proposed multi-band power divider (Multi-band Power Divider) provides higher power handling capability (high-power handling capability) than Wilkinson PD suitable for 5G mobile communication applications. It has a higher operating frequency than Wilkinson PD.

II. analysis

이고 모든 전송라인들의 전기적인 길이(electrical length)가 90° 인 기존 1/2 Gysel 전력 분배기(Gysel Power Divider)의 구조를 보인 도면이다. Figure 1

It is a diagram showing the structure of the existing 1/2 Gysel Power Divider with the electrical length of all transmission lines being 90 °.

Existing 1/2 Gysel power dividers, for example, when 100W power is applied to input port 1, 1/2 power is distributed and 50W power is output to output port 2 and port 3, respectively.

port 1 is the input port, and port 2 and port 3 are output ports.

는 전송라인 특성 임피던스(port 1-2 전송라인, port 1-3 전송라인 특성 임피던스),

,

는 다중 대역 위상 인버터(multi-band phase inverter)의 특성 임피던스, R은 럼프드 소자의 격리용 저항(lumped isolation resistor)이다. 럼프드 소자(lumped element)는 저항, 인버터, 커패시터 등의 개별 소자를 의미한다. θ is the electrical length,

Is the transmission line characteristic impedance (port 1-2 transmission line, port 1-3 transmission line characteristic impedance),

,

Is the characteristic impedance of the multi-band phase inverter, R is the lumped isolation resistor of the lumped device. A lumped element refers to individual elements such as resistors, inverters, and capacitors.

,θ)를 재설계하였으며, 다중 대역 Gysel 전력 분배기는

특성 임퍼던스 및 (2N-1), N= 1,2,3인 각각의 통과대역(passband)에서 90°phase response를 갖는 다중 대역 위상 인버터(multi-band phase inverter)의 설계로 간주될 수 있다. According to previous studies [1]-[4], a multi-band Gysel PD is a phase inverter (

, θ), and multi-band Gysel power divider

It can be considered the design of a multi-band phase inverter with characteristic impedance and 90 ° phase response in each passband with (2N-1), N = 1,2,3. .

2 is a conceptual diagram of a multi-band phase inverter proposed in the present invention.

)과 직사각형으로 표시된 멀티-밴드 바이어싱 네트워크(multi-band biasing network)로 구성된다.

는 임피던스 매칭 라인(impedance matching line)의 특성 임피던스,

는 임피던스 매칭 라인의 전기적인 길이(electrical length), λ는 전력분배기(PD)에서 동작 주파수에서의 파장이다.Multi-band phase inverter has two impedance matching lines (

) And a rectangular multi-band biasing network.

Is the characteristic impedance of the impedance matching line,

Is the electrical length of the impedance matching line, and λ is the wavelength at the operating frequency in the power divider (PD).

이고 오픈 스터브의 분기된 길이가 각각

일 때, 2 오픈 스터브 사이의 길이는

이다.The wavelength of the nth operating frequency of the power divider (PD)

And the branch length of the open stub is

Is the length between 2 open stubs

to be.

After applying the phase inverter to the ABCD matrix theory, Equation (1) can be obtained as follows.

Equation (1) is the ABCD matrix equation of a multi-band phase inverter.

(1)

(One)

은 다중 대역 위상 인버터의 등가 임피던스(equivalent impedance),

은 port 1로부터 각각의 open-end stub로 보여진 바와 같이 멀티-밴드 바이어싱 네트워크의 등가 어드미턴스(equivalent admittance)이다. 멀티-밴드 바이어싱 네트워크의 등가 어드미턴스

이 무한대 인 [7]-[8] 합리적인 설계를 위해, 메커니즘은

의 중심주파수에서 1st 통과대역(1st passband)이 존재하고, point 1은

트렁크 라인(

trunk line)의 영향에 의해 단락 된

오픈-엔드 스터브(shunted

open-end stubs) 때문에 단락(shorted)될 것이다, 단락된 점(shorted point)은 point 0에서 open하도록 변환될 것이다. 다른 통과대역들(passbands)은 동일한 원리를 갖는다. here,

Is the equivalent impedance of a multi-band phase inverter,

Is the equivalent admittance of a multi-band biasing network, as shown by each open-end stub from port 1. Equivalent admittance of a multi-band biasing network

For this infinite [7]-[8] rational design, the mechanism is

1st passband exists at the center frequency of and point 1 is

Trunk line (

trunk line)

Open-ended stub

Because of the open-end stubs, the shorted point will be converted to open at point 0. Other passbands have the same principle.

이고 두 open stub 사이의 거리

이며, n번째 동작 주파수 비율(

)이

(n번째 중심주파수

, n-1번째 중심주파수

) 일 때, In the biasing network, the design equations are for the nth operating frequency wavelength of the power divider (PD).

Is the distance between two open stubs

Is, nth operating frequency ratio (

)this

(nth center frequency

, n-1th center frequency

) when,

The lengths of the nth and n-1th open stubs are indicated as follows.

(2)

(2)

은 n-1 번째 길이 이다. Where ln is the nth length,

Is the n-1th length.

>

>

....

>

, (n은 1보다 큰 자연수)이다.Each center frequency of each passband is

>

>

....

>

, (n is a natural number greater than 1).

인 특별한 경우, 식(1)에서

로 대체한 후에 다음 식을 얻을 수 있다. n = 1,

In the special case, Eq. (1)

After replacing with, we can get the following equation.

(3a)

(3a)

(3b)

(3b)

(3c)

(3c)

는 임피던스 매칭 라인(impedance matching line)의 특성 임피던스,

는 임피던스 매칭 라인의 전기적인 길이(electrical length) 이다.here,

Is the characteristic impedance of the impedance matching line,

Is the electrical length of the impedance matching line.

이며, 식 3a, 3b, 3c에 의해 다음 관계식을 얻게 된다. In equations 3a, b, c, the phase response and characteristic impedance of the multi-band phase inverter are mainly affected by impedance matching lines. For this design, the required characteristic impedance is

Is, and the following relational expression is obtained by expressions 3a, 3b, and 3c.

(4)

(4)

Table 1 shows the calculated values according to the parameters of the tri-band phase inverter used and the values optimized by the HFSS field simulator [unit mm].

3 is a view showing a pattern and a physical size of a multi-band power divider (tri-band Gysel power divider) designed in the present invention.

The multi-band power divider of the present invention implements a tri-band Gysel power divider,

Input port 1 of the multi-band power divider;

Output ports 2 and 3 of the multi-band power divider;

Impedance of output port 2 impedance converter and output port 3 branched to output port 2 and output port 3 in the upward and downward directions, respectively, through the transmission line of the rectangular structure to the input port. An impedance transformer;

The phase inverter of the output port 2 and the phase inverter of the output port 3 are respectively connected to the impedance converter of the output port 2 and the impedance converter of the output port 3 in the vertical direction through a trunk line (TL) of a thick rectangular structure. (phase inverter) (thick part);

Shorted open-end stubs of the output port 2 formed on the left and right sides of the phase inverter of the output port 2; And short-circuited open-end stubs of the output port 3 formed on the left and right sides of the phase inverter of the output port 3;

A via hole provided inside a rectangular shape of the phase inverter of the output port 2 and the phase inverter of the output port 3; And two lumped isolation resistors (two hatched portions) provided on the upper and lower sides of the via hole and used as isolation resistors for the lumped elements.

이며, 테프론 기판 상에

= 2.54의 상대 유전율(relative dielectric constant), h = 0.54 mm의 두께, T = 0.018 mm 도체 높이로 제조된다. The port impedance of a multi-band power divider is

Is, on the Teflon substrate

= 2.54 relative dielectric constant, h = 0.54 mm thick, T = 0.018 mm conductor height.

In the embodiment, the multi-band power divider uses a tri-band Gysel Power Divider operating at 2.0 GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.0 GHz center frequencies.

The multi-band power divider may be operated at least two or more center frequencies.

The characteristic impedances of the trunk transmission line and all open-end stubs are 50 Ω and 100 Ω, respectively.

In the tri-band Gysel Power Divider embodiment, the number of open-end stubs of each output port 2 and 3 of the multi-band power divider is the same passband for each output port 2 and 3 It has three open-end stubs.

III. Simulation and measurement results

To demonstrate the proposed design method, a multi-band power divider is designed, simulated and manufactured in an embodiment with a tri-band Gysel Power Divider operating at 2.0 GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.0 GHz center frequencies. Became.

According to the structure shown in Fig. 2, in this case, the characteristic impedances of the trunk transmission line and all open-end stubs are 50 Ω and 100 Ω, respectively. The number of open-end stubs of each output port 2, 3 has three open-end stubs where the same passbands per port exist.

Through the equations (2) and (4), the parameters of the tri-band phase inverter were also calculated as indicated in Table 1 given the optimization values.

As shown in FIG. 3, the design pattern and physical size are illustrated. One via hole was deployed on the Teflon substrate, and two lumped insulation resistors were equipped by standard mount technology (SMT).

), 입력 port 1의 입력 신호에 대한 출력 port 2의 삽입 손실(

)을 갖는 출력 전달 특성; (b) 다중 대역 전력 분배기의 2.0 GHz, 2.5 GHz 및 3.0 GHz 중심 주파수에서 출력 port 2,3들의 isolation 특성; (c) 출력 port 2,3의 출력 신호의 세기(intensity)와 위상(phase)이 주파수에 따라 일정한 정도를 보인 출력 전달 특성을 보인 도면이다. 4 shows measurement results and simulation results of a multi-band Gysel power divider of the present invention, (a) return loss at input port 1 (

), Insertion loss of output port 2 to input signal of input port 1 (

) Output transmission characteristics; (b) isolation characteristics of output ports 2 and 3 at the 2.0 GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.0 GHz center frequencies of the multi-band power divider; (c) It is a diagram showing the output transmission characteristics in which the intensity and phase of the output signals of the output ports 2 and 3 show a certain degree according to the frequency.

는 입력 port 1에서의 반사 손실(return loss)이다.

Is the return loss at input port 1.

은 입력 port 1의 입력 신호에 대한 출력 port 2의 삽입 손실(insertion loss)이다.

Is the insertion loss of output port 2 to the input signal of input port 1.

는 출력 port2의 입력 신호에 대한 반사 손실이다.

Is the return loss for the input signal at output port2.

는 출력 port2의 입력 신호에 대한 출력 port3의 삽입 손실을 나타낸 전달 특성이며,

가 작으면 분기된 1/2 전력이 passband로 통과되며,

가 상대적으로 크면 passband로 분기된 전력이 통과되지 않는다.

Is a transfer characteristic showing the insertion loss of the output port3 to the input signal of the output port2,

If is smaller, 1/2 branch power is passed through the passband,

If is relatively large, power branched to the passband is not passed.

Referring to FIG. 4 (a), the three measured passbands have center frequencies at 3.07 GHz, 2.47 GHz, and 1.93 GHz with 3 dB bandwidths of 13.2%, 13.6%, and 10.4%, respectively.

) 및 입력 port 1에서의 최소 반사 손실(minimum return loss,

)은 각각 -18.53 dB/-3.19 dB와, -20.60 dB/-3.27 dB와 그리고 -21.28 dB/-3.11 dB이다.In each passband of the multi-band power divider, the maximum insertion loss of the output port 2 to the input signal of the input port 1 (maximum insertion loss,

) And minimum return loss at input port 1

) Are -18.53 dB / -3.19 dB, -20.60 dB / -3.27 dB and -21.28 dB / -3.11 dB, respectively.

)는 -23.18 dB, -28.44 dB 및 -20.30 dB이다. As shown in Figure 4 (b), the isolation performance (isolation performance) is the respective maximum loss (respective maximum loss,

) Are -23.18 dB, -28.44 dB and -20.30 dB.

 The amplitude and phase imbalance of the multi-band power divider is smaller than 0.5 dB and 5.0 angle (deg) is shown in Figure 4 (c).

The amplitudes and phases of the output signals of the output ports 2 and 3 were almost constant according to the frequency of the GHz band.

IV. conclusion

In this study, a new multi-band power divider is derived and presented a specific design equation of a tri-band Gysel power divider in the embodiment. A multi-band biasing network consists of a trunk line and open-end stubs.

To demonstrate the proposed design, the tri-band Gysel power divider was designed, manufactured and characterized to operate at the 2.0 GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.0 GHz center frequencies of multi-band power dividers.

The measurement results showed good agreement with the simulation results. In addition, as previously described, the new Gysel PD is more suitable for microwave applications such as High Power Amplifier (HPA) of mobile communication base stations and repeaters, such as 5th generation mobile communication, and high-power processing capability (high -power handling capability) as well as higher frequencies than Wilkimson PD.

Multi-band power divider (multi-band power divider) is to provide a stable power distribution as a power divider of the power amplifier (PA) system, or the application of LTE 4G / 5G mobile communication.

As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is within the scope not departing from the technical spirit and scope of the present invention described in the following claims by those of ordinary skill in the art. It will be understood that various modifications or variations can be carried out.

: 전송라인 특성 임피던스(port 1-2 전송라인, port 1-3 전송라인 특성 임피던스),

,

: 다중 대역 위상 인버터(multi-band phase inverter)의 특성 임피던스
R: 럼프드 소자의 격리용 저항(lumped isolation resistor)

: 임피던스 매칭 라인의 특성 임피던스

: 임피던스 매칭 라인의 전기적인 길이(electrical length) port 1: Input port of the power distributor
port 2, port 3: output port of the power distributor
θ: electrical length,

: Transmission line characteristic impedance (port 1-2 transmission line, port 1-3 transmission line characteristic impedance),

,

: Characteristic impedance of multi-band phase inverter
R: Lumped isolation resistor

: Characteristic impedance of impedance matching line

: Electrical length of impedance matching line

Claims (9)

Input port 1 of the multi-band power divider;
Output ports 2 and 3 of the multi-band power divider;
An impedance converter of the output port 2 and an impedance converter of the output port 3, which are branched to the output ports 2 and 3 through a transmission line having a rectangular structure to the input port;
A phase inverter of the output port 2 and a phase inverter of the output port 3 respectively connected to the impedance converter of the output port 2 and the impedance converter of the output port 3 in a vertical direction through a trunk transmission line having a rectangular structure;
Open-end stubs of the output port 2 formed on the left and right sides of the phase inverter of the output port 2; And short-circuited open-end stubs of output port 3 formed on the left and right sides of the phase inverter of the output port 3;
A via hole provided in a rectangular shape of the phase inverter of the output port 2 and the phase inverter of the output port 3; And respective lumped insulation resistors (R) provided on the upper and lower sides of the via hole and used as isolation resistors for the lumped elements;
Multi-band power divider comprising a. According to claim 1,
The port impedance of the multi-band power divider is

Is, on the Teflon substrate

= A multiband power divider made of a relative dielectric constant of 2.54, a thickness of h = 0.54 mm, and a conductor height of T = 0.018 mm. According to claim 1,
The multi-band power divider is a multi-band power divider, characterized in that the tri-band Gysel power divider (tri-band Gysel Power Divider) operating at 2.0 GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.0 GHz center frequency. According to claim 1,
The multi-band power divider is a multi-band power divider operating at least two or more center frequencies. According to claim 1,
Multi-band power divider, characterized in that the characteristic impedances of the trunk transmission line and all open-end stubs are 50 Ω and 100 Ω. According to claim 1,
A multi-band power divider, wherein the number of open-end stubs of each output port 2, 3 is provided with 3 open-end stubs per port. According to claim 1,
The phase inverter of the output port 2 and the phase inverter of the output port 3 are multi-band phase inverters, and the multi-band phase inverter has two impedance matching lines (

) And a multi-band biasing network indicated by a rectangle,

Is the characteristic impedance of the impedance matching line,

Is the electrical length of the impedance matching line,
After applying to the ABCD matrix theory for the phase inverter, the ABCD matrix equation of the multi-band phase inverter is expressed as Equation (1),

(One)
here,

Is the equivalent impedance of a multi-band phase inverter,

Is the equivalent admittance of the multi-band biasing network from port 1 to each open-end stub, and is the equivalent admittance of the multi-band biasing network.

For this infinite [7]-[8] rational design, the mechanism is

1st passband exists at the center frequency of and point 1 is

Trunk line (

trunk line)

Open-ended stub

shorted due to open-end stubs),
In the biasing network, the design equations are for the nth operating frequency wavelength of the power divider (PD).

Is the distance between two open stubs

Is, nth operating frequency ratio (

)this

(nth center frequency

, n-1th center frequency

) when,
The length of the nth and n-1th open stubs is indicated as follows

(2)
Where ln is the nth length,

Is the n-1th length,
Each center frequency of each passband is

>

>

....

>

, n is a natural number greater than 1,
n = 1,

In the special case, Eq. (1)

After replacing with

(3a)

(3b)

(3c)
here,

Is the characteristic impedance of the impedance matching line,

Is the electrical length of the impedance matching line
In equations 3a, b, c, the phase response and characteristic impedance of the multi-band phase inverter are mainly affected by the impedance matching lines, and the characteristic impedance is

Is, by equations 3a, 3b, 3c

The multi-band power divider from which the equation (4) is calculated. According to claim 1,
The three measured passbands of the multi-band power divider have center frequencies at 3.07 GHz, 2.47 GHz and 1.93 GHz with 3 dB bandwidths of 13.2%, 13.6%, and 10.4%, respectively,
In each passband, the maximum insertion loss of output port 2 to the input signal of input port 1 (maximum insertion loss,

) And minimum return loss at input port 1

) Are -18.53 dB / -3.19 dB, -20.60 dB / -3.27 dB and -21.28 dB / -3.11 dB, respectively,
The isolation performance is the respective maximum loss,

) Is -23.18 dB, -28.44 dB and -20.30 dB multi-band power divider, characterized in that. According to claim 1,
The multi-band power divider is a multi-band power divider that stably provides power distribution as a power divider of a power amplifier (PA) system or a MyWave application of LTE 4G / 5G mobile communication.

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