KR20200057320A - Energy management systems and devices in multi-electric charging environment considering battery degradation cost - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are energy management method and apparatus in a multi-power rate environment considering the cost of battery deterioration. The energy management method in a multi-power rate environment considering the cost of battery degradation comprises the steps of: analyzing a user power rate environment and a characteristic and state of a battery to derive a profit generated when participating in a market according to day-ahead pricing and a demand response (DR) signal; securing a reasonable power reserve, determining a today operation plan for an energy storage system, and delivering the fact that participation in a DR market through the secured power reserve is possible to a power exchange; delivering the DR signal to each market participant in the event of urgent supply and demand of additional power, and comparing the profit from the participation in the market against battery degradation to determine whether to participate in the market; and deriving an operation plan for the corresponding power reserve and combining the new operation plan for the power reserve and an existing operation plan for the battery to perform the operation of the battery and derive the profit.

Description

Energy management systems and devices in multi-electric charging environment considering battery degradation cost}

The present invention relates to an energy operating system and device in a multi-power rate environment considering battery deterioration rates.

Energy storage system (Energy storage system) is a large-capacity battery that satisfies the user's purpose (e.g., system stabilization, frequency stabilization, minimizing power rates) through charging and discharging.

In the case of a large-capacity battery (Energy storage system), which was used only for the purpose of emergency power generation in a building, it has been used in various electric power business fields due to its excellent utility and a drop in price.

As shown in FIG. 1, the price of the lithium ion battery pack was reduced to $ 110 per kWh in the case of Tesla manufactured products.

Referring to FIG. 2, for a household Tesla battery, it is $ 350 per kWh.

The results presented in FIG. 3 indicate technical maturity and penetration rate of each battery. Considering various batteries at the same time, the capacity of the battery suitable for use from the consumer's point of view is 10 MW or less, and comparing the power density result according to the energy density for each battery at this time, It can be seen that the Li-ion battery is the most efficient.

Among various batteries, Li-ion batteries are used to reduce power bills in factories and buildings because they are more reliable and useful than other batteries, and are less expensive in terms of price. (eg, tram, electric vehicle, train, etc.) is also used to replace the existing energy source.

In addition, due to the development of technology, the increase in the number of uses compared to the existing battery has provided an opportunity to open the market inflow of many small power consumers who were burdened with the use of the existing battery.

FIG. 4 shows the current state of MWh-class large-capacity lithium-ion battery supply and the installation of large-capacity lithium-ion batteries by major countries.

5 is a view showing the structure of the energy operation system and the role of each element.

Energy management system (Energy management system) is an element that is responsible for the overall control and management of the ESS system is a part to be covered in the present invention.

Power management system (Power management system) is built into the PCS (Power conditioning system) to control and manage the system.

A battery management system manages and monitors the state of the battery.

In one aspect, the method of operating energy in a multi-power rate environment considering the battery deterioration rate proposed by the present invention generates revenue when participating in the market according to a one-day rate plan and a DR signal by analyzing a user's power rate environment and battery characteristics and conditions The stage of deriving, determining the rational reserve power and the operation plan of Myeongil's energy storage system, delivering the possibility of participating in the demand resource market through the secured reserve power to the power exchange, and DR to each market participants in case of urgent additional power supply and demand Delivering a signal, determining the market participation through comparison of revenue generated when participating in market against battery degradation, deriving an operation plan for the reserve power, and operating the battery by combining the operation plan for the newly planned reserve power and the existing battery operation plan And proceeding and deriving profits.

1 to 20 are views for explaining an energy operating system and method in a multi-power rate environment in consideration of battery deterioration rates according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 6, the energy management system comprehensively refers to a system that performs battery operation in accordance with a user's purpose based on information gathering of key data in a facility.

Referring to FIG. 7, this is an ESS-related project installed in Gangwon-do, Korea, and is expected to reduce profits by more than 96,770,000 won annually through expansion of related facilities.

As the peak load was reduced, it was expected to save 49,920,000 won per year in terms of basic rates, and 46,850,000 won per year could be expected through seasonal load rates.

Referring to FIG. 8, it can be seen that the initial plan failed to achieve the target in terms of overall charges. (* 20 to 30 million won annually) The reduction of the basic rate is not specifically specified. In the case of the report on the left, the amount of reduction for the peak load is not specified. Since the consideration of fixed cost, installation cost and maintenance cost of the used ESS (energy storage system) is excluded, it is not suitable to demonstrate the effectiveness.

Referring to FIG. 9, it is possible to grasp the environment of a power bill of a consumer who wants to induce a power bill cut. The domestic fare environment is divided into four representative fare plans as follows. Here, the basic peak pricing of 3 is to reduce the cost based on the existing cumulative peak (= maximum peak load in the past year), so it is difficult to make an effect by using an energy storage device. It implies the complexity of conducting prior consultations with business operators (eg, KEPCO).

Referring to FIG. 10, considering the charges incurred according to the use of the battery, even if there is a cost saving, it is not easy to ignore the cost aspect of the battery. Even with a simple installation cost, $ 110 ~ $ 350 per kWh occurs, and the battery presented in the previous problem has a maintenance cost of at least hundreds of millions of won.

In addition, additional costs such as maintenance costs, battery life, and the like, depending on temperature and other environments, come as a burden for the battery user.

As a solution to this, research on determining the fare according to the use of the battery through the right side is conducted in various ways.

Considering how to more efficiently operate energy storage devices from the consumer's point of view under various current power billing environments, we analyze the power market that can participate in the consumer's point of view, and efficiently consider the factors that can actually operate. Proceed with operation.

In terms of related laws and current conditions, the time-of-use pricing is used, and the system administrators (KEPCO and KPX) decide how to charge the electricity differentially, taking into account the amount of electricity supplied and received during each season. (Example: Light load-about 60 won / heavy load-about 110 won / overload-about 160 won is used).

In terms of demand response market participation, if the peak value is reduced compared to the reduction amount determined in advance by the system administrator using the peak refund plan, monetary compensation is performed for the reduction amount. In addition, by using the demand reduction signal, a system administrator can request a power rate reduction request from the consumers participating in the demand resource market one hour before the signal is generated, determine the compensation fee accordingly, and obtain a compensation proportional to the reduction amount.

Referring to FIG. 11, the present invention realistically considers only a plan capable of reducing actual charges based on an existing power rate environment, and at the same time, considers additional incurred costs due to battery deterioration, thereby reducing the overall cost of consumers.

Analyze the power plan that can achieve the actual cost reduction effect by consumers, and consider the battery deterioration rate for the amount of usage of the energy storage device (State of charge). (* Battery deterioration: It charges the end of life when using the battery. ) do.

Referring to FIG. 12, a relationship between a system management provider and a battery user is modeled.

Set up the reserve power in the battery according to the considered electricity rate and schedule the operation method, and set the reserve capacity of the battery according to the weight of the day ahead pricing and hour-ahead DR market. Derive a reasonable operation method by calculating the battery deterioration fee according to real-time operation, and calculate the fee according to real-time status monitoring and operation.

13, in analyzing the role of the power exchange, it is possible to determine a fixed rate (e.g., time-by-time rate plan, peak refund rate rate, etc.) according to the total power supply and demand and characteristics.

In the demand resource market, when the supply and demand of electricity in the entire system is not smooth, it is possible to induce the stabilization of power consumption by delivering incentives for reducing power demand to market participants. (* Incentive = decided based on real-time power generation fee)

As a subject of battery use, the consumer can transfer the deterioration fee according to the current amount and usage amount to the energy management system, and set the purpose for battery operation. (e.g., cost reduction, peak load reduction, reserve capacity, etc.)

The system structure and utilization are shown in FIG. 14. If it consists of two stages according to the given price information and the participating power market, the energy management system participates in the demand resource market through the reserve power setting according to the profit comparison.

Since the demand resource signal (DR signal) occurs intermittently, participation in the corresponding market is performed only when the incentive is greater than the deterioration rate by setting the section with a large battery deterioration as the reserve power.

15 is a battery operation algorithm to be proposed in the present invention. We propose a 2-stage battery operation according to a plan different from the existing commercial method. Based on the analysis of the overall fare plan, the reserve power is set and the predictive operation plan for each time zone is determined.

Referring to FIG. 16, battery data is a necessary consideration factor in basic battery operation. (Battery characteristics: temperature, maximum allowable capacity, etc. / Battery degradation: deterioration due to battery use)

Price data is a rate plan that can generate revenue when operating energy storage devices, considering the environment of the energy storage device operators.

Time of use pricing is a rate system that is charged according to the amount of electricity used for a fixed period depending on the amount of electricity supplied and received within each season / hour.

Peak rebate incentive is a rate system that incentivizes the amount of reduction compared to the peak predicted from the system operator's point of view.

The DR signal is a signal that requests consumption reduction from people participating in the demand management market when the power supply and demand in the system is unstable.

Referring to FIG. 17, the Consumer policy & Main purpose of ESS proceeds with an energy management method through weight setting in accordance with the consumer's initial goal (e.g., frequency stabilization, power supply and demand stabilization, and power rate reduction).

Optimization processing calculates the optimal energy storage operation method considering both the previously considered factors and the user's purpose at the same time.

Optimal energy scheduling derives the results when operating in an actual power use environment, and compares how much efficiency is improved compared to the existing algorithm.

The Reserve proportion for DR signal secures reserve proportion in the usable capacity of the energy storage device by taking into account the revenue generated when participating in the DR market according to the intermittent DR signal.

Referring to Figure 18, DR Event arises When the DR signal is generated, it compares the profits against the deterioration charges generated by the operation of the energy storage device to determine whether it is profitable to participate in the actual DR market.

Reserve proportion scheduling calculates the operation plan for the relevant part when confirming the participation in the DR market, even if the same incentive is given in a specific time zone, the toll for each revelation (ToU) charged is differently determined according to the time zone. You need to proceed.

Energy re-scheduling combines the scheduling of the determined reserve power with the existing energy storage scheduling, and derives the reorganized energy storage operation plan in each time zone.

ESS operation proceeds with the operation of the energy storage device in the real environment.

19 is a flowchart of the method proposed in the present invention.

When comparing the operating charges and the relative revenues generated by the use of the battery, it is possible to derive the results of the revenue generated by the day ahead operation and the hourly hour by participating in the demand ahead market. It is possible to analyze the available amount in the future through the comparison of the battery deterioration rate and current battery status incurred by each market participation.

As shown in FIG. 20, it is expected to expand the market penetration of energy storage devices by inducing more realistic consumers to save money.

The device described above may be implemented with hardware components, software components, and / or combinations of hardware components and software components. For example, the devices and components described in the embodiments include, for example, processors, controllers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs), digital signal processors (micro signal processors), microcomputers, field programmable arrays (FPAs), It may be implemented using one or more general purpose computers or special purpose computers, such as a programmable logic unit (PLU), microprocessor, or any other device capable of executing and responding to instructions. The processing device may run an operating system (OS) and one or more software applications running on the operating system. In addition, the processing device may access, store, manipulate, process, and generate data in response to the execution of the software. For convenience of understanding, a processing device may be described as one being used, but a person having ordinary skill in the art, the processing device may include a plurality of processing elements and / or a plurality of types of processing elements. It can be seen that may include. For example, the processing device may include a plurality of processors or a processor and a controller. In addition, other processing configurations, such as parallel processors, are possible.

The software may include a computer program, code, instruction, or a combination of one or more of these, and configure the processing device to operate as desired, or process independently or collectively You can command the device. Software and / or data may be interpreted by a processing device, or to provide instructions or data to a processing device, of any type of machine, component, physical device, virtual equipment, computer storage medium or device. Can be embodied in The software may be distributed over networked computer systems, and stored or executed in a distributed manner. Software and data may be stored in one or more computer-readable recording media.

The method according to the embodiment may be implemented in the form of program instructions that can be executed through various computer means and recorded on a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, or the like alone or in combination. The program instructions recorded in the medium may be specially designed and configured for the embodiments or may be known and usable by those skilled in computer software. Examples of computer-readable recording media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks, and magnetic tapes, optical media such as CD-ROMs, DVDs, and magnetic media such as floptical disks. -Hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions such as magneto-optical media, and ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include high-level language codes that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter, etc., as well as machine language codes produced by a compiler.

As described above, although the embodiments have been described by a limited embodiment and drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations from the above description. For example, the described techniques are performed in a different order than the described method, and / or the components of the described system, structure, device, circuit, etc. are combined or combined in a different form from the described method, or other components Alternatively, even if substituted or substituted by equivalents, appropriate results can be achieved.

Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims are also within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (1)

Analyzing the user's power rate environment and the characteristics and state of the battery to derive the revenue generated when participating in the market according to the one-day rate plan and the DR signal;
Determining a reasonable reserve power and a plan to operate Myeongil's energy storage device, and delivering the demand resource market participation through the secured reserve power to the power exchange;
Transmitting a DR signal to each market participant in the event of urgent additional power supply and demand, and determining market participation by comparing profits generated when participating in the market against battery degradation; And
Steps to derive the operation plan for the corresponding reserve power and derive the battery operation process and profit by combining the operation plan for the newly planned reserve power and the existing battery operation plan
Method for operating energy in a multi-power rate environment considering a battery deterioration rate including a.

Images