KR20200042108A - Apparatus for monitoring breathing state of patient using heat diluent method - Google Patents

Abstract

One embodiment of the present invention relates to an apparatus for monitoring respiration of a patient using a heat dilution method, and an objective of the present invention is to simply measure respiration information through a temperature difference between two thermistors to determine whether the patient normally performs respiration and take measures based on a measurement result. To this end, an apparatus for being connected to a mask attached to a respirator of the patient to measure and monitor the respiration of the patient comprises: a heater unit supplying a respiratory gas of a predetermined terminal to the mask; a first thermistor connected to one side of the heater unit in a mask direction to measure the temperature at exhalation of the patient; a second thermistor connected to the other side opposite to the one side of the heater unit to supply surrounding atmospheric heat to the first thermistor at inhalation of the patient; and a control unit detecting a temperature difference between the inhalation and exhalation of the patient to determine respiration information of the patient in accordance with a detection result. The first thermistor detects the body heat of the patient at the exhalation of the patient and temperature information of the atmospheric heat at the inhalation of the patient to convert the body heat and the temperature information into a temperature signal and transfer the temperature signal to the control unit.

Description

Patient breathing monitoring device using thermal dilution method {APPARATUS FOR MONITORING BREATHING STATE OF PATIENT USING HEAT DILUENT METHOD}

One embodiment of the present invention relates to a patient breathing monitoring apparatus using a thermal dilution method.

In general, vital signs of a living body can be known by measuring body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate per minute and respiratory rate, which are widely used to detect or monitor medical problems. The respiratory rate per minute can increase with fever, disease, and medical conditions, and changes rapidly in some cases, such as when active, in a stable state, or when exposed to a disease or harmful environment. For example, when in a stable state, the normal adult respiratory rate is about 15 to 20 times per minute, and if it is 25 times or more or 12 times or less, it can be determined as an abnormal state.

Breathing is a simple element that can check the body for signs of abnormality. In particular, after surgery under general anesthesia, a flow meter is used to continuously grasp the patient's condition where self-breathing is difficult.

However, most of the current flowmeters on the market have a problem that the accuracy is poor, and even more, it is more difficult to measure the flow rate in the case of a gas such as respiratory volume.

In addition, the existing product predicts the amount of breath through pulse, and in the case of arrhythmia patients, it is difficult to accurately diagnose, and in diagnosing the amount of breath through tilt velocity, there is a problem that the surrounding environment such as shaking is greatly affected by the characteristics of tilt velocity.

In particular, the existing product using the tilt sensor has a problem that the device cannot function properly when the device is shaken, and the device that analyzes and determines the sound of the respiratory tract is greatly affected by the external sound.

Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1658782 (Announcement date: 2016. 09. 22)

An embodiment of the present invention provides a patient breathing monitoring apparatus using a thermal dilution method that can easily measure breathing information through a temperature difference caused by two thermistors, and determines and measures normal breathing through this.

A patient breathing monitoring apparatus using a thermal dilution method according to an embodiment of the present invention is a device for measuring and monitoring a patient's breathing by being connected to a mask worn on a patient's respiratory system, and supplying a gas for breathing at a predetermined temperature with the mask A heater unit; A first thermistor connected to one side of the heater in the mask direction and measuring a temperature at the time of exhalation of the patient; A second thermistor connected to the other side opposite to one side of the heater unit and supplying ambient heat in the case of inhalation of the patient to the first thermistor; And a control unit that detects a change in temperature during exhalation and inhalation of the patient, and determines breathing information of the patient according to the detection result, The first thermistor may detect the patient's internal heat at the time of exhalation of the patient and temperature information of the patient's exhalation queue, convert the temperature information to a temperature detection signal, and transfer the temperature information to the control unit.

The patient breathing monitoring apparatus using the thermal dilution method further includes a display unit for outputting the patient's breathing information to the outside, and the control unit is configured to measure the voltage amplitude and frequency of the temperature sensing signal during the patient's exhalation and exhalation. It is determined whether the patient is over-breathing, normal breathing, hypoventilation, or apnea, and the display unit may output the determined information about the patient's hyperventilation, normal breathing, hypoventilation, or apnea with preset voice or color information.

The patient breathing monitoring apparatus using the thermal dilution method further includes an oxygen saturation measuring instrument for measuring the oxygen saturation value of the patient, and the display unit may output the measured patient's oxygen saturation value as preset voice or color information. .

The heater unit, the first thermistor, the second thermistor, the control unit and the oxygen saturation meter are provided inside or outside the housing, and the display unit is provided outside the housing, wherein the first thermistor and the second thermistor have a constant voltage with respect to the input voltage. An NTC thermistor equipped with a regulator for outputting may be provided.

The patient breathing monitoring apparatus using the thermal dilution method according to an embodiment of the present invention can simply measure breathing information through a temperature difference between two thermistors, thereby determining and taking measures for normal breathing.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, normal measurement can be performed even when the device is shaken by using a temperature difference, and since the size of the sensor used is small, installation is easy and intuitive display through an LED is possible.

1 is a perspective view showing a patient breathing monitoring apparatus using a thermal dilution method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view for explaining the concept of a patient breathing monitoring apparatus using a thermal dilution method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3A and 3B are circuit diagrams showing a control circuit and a regulator provided in the thermistor of a patient respiratory monitoring apparatus using a thermal dilution method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a graph showing experimental results of a patient breathing monitoring apparatus using a thermal dilution method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Terms used in the present specification will be briefly described, and the present invention will be described in detail.

The terminology used in the present invention was selected from the general terms that are currently widely used while considering the functions in the present invention, but this may vary according to the intention or precedent of a person skilled in the art or the appearance of new technologies. In addition, in certain cases, some terms are arbitrarily selected by the applicant, and in this case, their meanings will be described in detail in the description of the applicable invention. Therefore, the terms used in the present invention should be defined based on the meanings of the terms and the contents of the present invention, not simply the names of the terms.

When a part of the specification "includes" a certain component, this means that other components may be further included instead of excluding other components unless specifically stated otherwise. In addition, terms such as “... unit” and “module” described in the specification mean a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which may be implemented in hardware or software, or a combination of hardware and software. .

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains may easily practice. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In addition, in order to clearly describe the present invention in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and like reference numerals are assigned to similar parts throughout the specification.

1 is a perspective view showing a patient breathing monitoring apparatus using a thermal dilution method according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a view for explaining the concept of a patient breathing monitoring apparatus using a thermal dilution method according to an embodiment of the present invention 3A and 3B are circuit diagrams showing a control circuit and a regulator provided in the thermistor of a patient respiratory monitoring apparatus using a thermal dilution method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a thermal dilution method according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph showing the experimental results of the patient breathing monitoring apparatus using.

1 to 2, a patient breathing monitoring apparatus using a thermal dilution method according to an embodiment of the present invention is connected to a mask 2 worn on a patient's respiratory apparatus and measures and monitors the patient's breathing, It includes a heater unit 10, a first thermistor 20, a second thermistor 30, a display unit 50, an oxygen saturation measuring instrument 40 and a control unit (not shown).

A patient breathing monitoring apparatus using a thermal dilution method according to an embodiment of the present invention may be provided inside and outside the housing 1 connected through a tube to a mask 2 worn on a patient's respiratory system. For example, the heater unit 10, the first thermistor 20, the second thermistor 30, the control unit and the oxygen saturation meter 40 are provided inside or outside the housing 1, and the display unit 50 May be provided outside the housing (1).

On the other hand, the mask 2 is configured to cover the nose and mouth at the lower front of the face of the patient, and the patient breathing monitoring apparatus using the thermal dilution method according to an embodiment of the present invention is the temperature of the flow rate of air breathed through the nose and mouth By measuring, the patient's respiratory status information is monitored.

The heater unit 10 supplies heat to the gas so as to supply a gas for breathing at a preset temperature with a mask. Through this, the patient breathing monitoring apparatus using the thermal dilution method measures the flow rate through a temperature change generated when heat is applied to the fluid.

The first thermistor 20 is connected to one side of the heater portion 10 in the mask direction to measure the temperature at the time of patient exhalation.

In addition, the first thermistor 20 may detect the patient's internal heat at the time of patient's exhalation and the temperature information of the patient's queue at the time of exhalation, convert it to a temperature detection signal, and transmit it to a control unit.

The second thermistor 30 is connected to the other side opposite to one side of the heater unit 10 and supplies the ambient atmospheric heat during inhalation of the patient to the first thermistor 20.

The first thermistor 20 and the second thermistor 30 may be provided as an NTC thermistor equipped with a regulator for outputting a constant voltage with respect to the input voltage.

For example, as illustrated in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the first thermistor 20 includes an OP-AMP 21, a resistance adjustment unit 22, a feedback control unit 23, a power input unit 24, and a noise agent. It may be configured to include a rejection 25, a data transfer unit 26 and the regulator 27.

Through this configuration, the first thermistor 20 transmits data to the Arduino analog pin through the data transfer unit 26, prevents data loss through the noise removal unit 25, and power supply unit 24. Through this, the input voltage is supplied to the OP-AMP 21, and the OP-AMP 21 is operated as a buffer (the output value V0 accuracy increases) through the feedback control unit 23 while V- and V0 are connected. At this time, V + = V- is used as the buffer function of the OP-AMP 21, and since V- = V0, the value of V = is precisely output as V0.

Through this NTC thermistor, when the temperature increases, the resistance value of the thermistor decreases (V + decreases), and when the temperature decreases, the resistance value of the thermistor increases (V + increase).

In addition, the regulator 27 is a 5V regulator, and when a value of 7V or more comes in as an input value, it outputs 5V unconditionally as an output, thereby making it possible to use a 5V voltage with only a 9V adapter.

The display unit 50 is a device that outputs the patient's breathing information to the outside, and may output information on whether the patient is overbreathing, normal breathing, hypoventilation, or apnea determined by the controller as preset voice or color information. The display unit 50 can quickly inform a dangerous situation even in a situation in which the guardian checks the respiratory volume.

In addition, the display unit 50 may output the oxygen saturation value of the patient measured by the oxygen saturation meter 40 as preset voice or color information.

The display unit 50 is a device that outputs the patient's respiratory information to the outside, a liquid crystal display (liquid crystal display; LCD), a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (thin film transistor-liquid crystal display; TFT-LCD), an organic light emitting diode ( It may include at least one of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), a flexible display, and a 3D display, or may be provided as a voice output means such as a speaker.

The oxygen saturation meter 40 is a pulse oximeter that measures a patient's oxygen saturation value, and is mounted on a patient's fingertip (or earlobe) to measure a patient's arterial blood oxygen saturation (SpO ₂ ) value.

The control unit controls the operation of each component constituting the patient breathing monitoring apparatus using the present thermal dilution method by a pre-installed driving program, and through this, detects the temperature change during the patient's exhalation and exhalation, and according to the detection result Determine the patient's breathing information.

In addition, the control unit determines whether the patient is hyperventilated, normal breathing, hypoventilating or apneating through the magnitude of the voltage amplitude and frequency change of the temperature sensing signal during exhalation and inhalation of the patient. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, when the amplitude decrease and the frequency increase are detected in the temperature detection signal compared to the preset normal breathing state, the patient determines that the patient is in hyperventilation state, and the lowest value decrease and frequency decrease If it is detected, it is determined that the patient is under breathing. In addition, the control unit determines that the patient is in apnea state when the temperature detection signal is significantly lower than the preset normal breathing state by a preset value.

On the other hand, in view of the fact that the temperature difference caused by the inhalation and exhalation of the user continuously occurs while breathing, the control unit eliminates errors caused by atmospheric temperature, heat applied by the heating unit, and overall temperature changes outside. , Only the temperature change due to exhalation and exhalation can be detected in real time.

Although not shown, the patient breathing monitoring apparatus using the thermal dilution method is provided with a communication unit, and it is possible to transmit and receive information about the patient's hyperventilation, normal breathing, hypoventilation or apnea, etc. with an external terminal or external server. And the external terminal or external server performs short-range communication through a local area network (WLAN) such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, or a third-generation mobile communication network (3G) or long term Communication may be performed through a mobile communication network such as evolution (long term evolution, LTE), or may be connected by wire to perform communication by a wired communication method.

According to the patient breathing monitoring apparatus using the heat dilution method configured as described above, the temperature of the first thermistor 20 is increased by transferring the patient's body heat to the first thermistor 20 when exhaling, and the second thermistor ( The atmospheric heat through 30 is transferred to the first thermistor 20, so that the temperature of the first thermistor 20 decreases. Through this temperature difference, breathing information can be simply measured, and through this, it is possible to determine and take action on normal breathing.

In addition, the patient breathing monitoring apparatus using the thermal dilution method can be normally measured even when the device is shaken using a temperature difference, and is easy to install because the size of the sensor used is small, and can be intuitively displayed through the LED.

The patient breathing monitoring device using this thermal dilution method is competitive in price by using an inexpensive sensor, and the guardian must monitor the patient to confirm that the respiratory function returns after general anesthesia. I can do it. As air pollution increases and social aging progresses, various medical facilities are required to check respiratory diseases, and by automating such monitoring through the present invention, it is expected that demand will increase by increasing user convenience.

On the other hand, a medical institution wants an advanced device, but since it does not want to change the existing manual, it wants a device that is simple and easy to operate.

The patient breathing monitoring apparatus using this thermal dilution method can diagnose the dangerous situation through the display unit 50 while displaying information on breathing on the monitor by simply selecting on and off. In addition, it does not require a specific posture of the patient, it is possible to measure the amount of breath while moving, and further, it can provide advantages of being small and light and easy to handle.

On the other hand, the communication unit provided in the patient breathing monitoring apparatus using the thermal dilution method, as shown in Figure 5, if the patient's breathing state is determined to be a dangerous situation (hyperventilation, hypoventilation or apnea), the risk situation Will transmit the information to emergency medical institutions, etc. (ie, external servers). At this time, the communication unit determines whether to simultaneously transmit with the external server and transmit with the base station in the resource block allocated to the radio uplink time slot, and the value obtained by adding the transmission speed with the external server and the transmission speed with the base station is If the transmission speed is greater than a predetermined maximum base station, transmission with an external server and transmission with the base station are simultaneously performed, and the transmission power with the external server and the transmission power with the base station are adjusted to transmit the speed with the external server and the base station. If the total transmission speed, which is the sum of the transmission speed of the unit, is increased, and the value of the transmission speed with the external server and the transmission speed with the base station is smaller than the transmission speed with the maximum base station, transmission with the external server and with the base station The transmission can be made to be performed in different resource blocks.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the following wireless communication method may be performed between an external server, a communication unit, and a base station.

In step S81, the communication unit may determine whether to simultaneously perform transmission with the communication unit of the external server and transmission with the base station in the resource block allocated to the radio or base station uplink time slot. If the value obtained by adding the uplink transmission speed with the base station to the transmission speed with the communication unit is predetermined and higher than the stored maximum base station uplink transmission speed, in step S82, the communication unit simultaneously performs transmission with the communication unit and transmission with the base station. Accordingly, the communication unit is quickly transmitted to the communication unit regardless of the transmission state with the base station.

In step S83, the communication unit appropriately adjusts / distributes the transmission power with the communication unit and the transmission power with the base station, so as to increase the total transmission speed, which is a value obtained by adding the transmission speed with the communication unit to the uplink transmission speed with the base station.

In this way, the present invention allows the communication unit to share a resource block between transmission with the communication unit and transmission with the base station. That is, it is possible to use the same radio resource block so that the communication unit can perform uplink transmission with the base station and transmission with the communication unit at the same transmission time interval. In general, since the base station uplink communication is allocated more resources than communication with the communication unit, the communication unit in the base station uplink transmission performs transmission with the communication unit at the same time, if differently described, in the same resource block, the communication unit described above The data rate between the communication units is improved, thereby enabling stable data communication with the communication unit.

Of course, if the base station uplink transmission and the communication unit simultaneous transmission are performed as described above, the power allocation between the uplink transmission with the base station and the transmission with the communication unit can be optimized based on the overall data rate or a function of these rates.

On the other hand, in step S84, if the value obtained by adding the transmission speed with the communication unit and the transmission speed with the base station is smaller than the transmission speed with the maximum base station, transmission with the communication unit and transmission with the base station are performed in different resource blocks.

For example, the first resource block may be allocated for an inter-device communication link between the communication unit and the communication unit. The second resource block may be allocated for an uplink base station link between the base station and the communication unit. The third resource block in the uplink base station spectrum may be allocated for simultaneous inter-device communication and base station communication. Here, the data rate may be considered in order to determine whether to perform dedicated transmission for the base station uplink or simultaneous transmission with the base station uplink and the communication unit. More specifically, the judgment will optimize the function of the data rate if the overall data rate criterion can be adopted. Further, more specifically, if the sum of the speeds of the base station uplink and communication unit transmission, or the function of the base station uplink and communication unit speed, is better than the achievable data rate of the base station uplink dedicated transmission, or a function of the achievable data rate, Simultaneous transmission of the base station uplink and the communication unit is most desirable.

In this way, by allowing inter-device transmission from the communication unit and simultaneous transmission of the base station uplink, calculation is simplified and system overhead can be avoided compared to the conventional one. In addition, interference from the base station uplink signal to the device-to-device communication can be thereby eliminated, so that the periodic communication performance is improved. In general, since device-to-device communication consumes less power, the device-to-device communication signal does not cause interference to the base station uplink signal. In addition, simultaneous transmission mode selection and power allocation between base station uplinks and devices optimize and improve the performance of individual communication units, which improves the performance of the entire network with appropriate scheduling algorithms.

On the other hand, the outer surface of the housing 1 may be coated with an anti-fouling coating layer made of an anti-fouling coating composition to effectively achieve prevention and removal of contaminants.

The anti-pollution coating composition includes an alkylate polyglucoside and an aminoalkyl slovetaine in a molar ratio of 1: 0.01 to 1: 2, and the total content of the alkylate polyglucoside and the aminoalkyl slovetaine is 1 to 10 relative to the total aqueous solution. Weight percent.

The alkylate polyglucoside and aminoalkyl slobetaine are preferably 1: 0.01 to 1: 2 as the molar ratio, and when the molar ratio is outside the above range, the coating property of the substrate is lowered or the moisture absorption on the surface after application is increased to remove the coating film. There is a problem.

The alkylate polyglucoside and aminoalkyl slobtaine are preferably 1 to 10% by weight in the total composition aqueous solution, and if it is less than 1% by weight, there is a problem that the coatability of the substrate decreases, and when it exceeds 10% by weight, the thickness of the coating film increases Crystal precipitation due to is likely to occur.

On the other hand, it is preferable to apply the composition for prevention of contamination onto the substrate by a spray method. In addition, the thickness of the final coating film on the substrate is preferably 500 to 2000 mm 2, more preferably 1000 to 2000 mm 2. If the thickness of the coating film is less than 500Å, there is a problem that deterioration occurs in the case of high temperature heat treatment, and if it exceeds 2000Å, there is a disadvantage that crystal precipitation on the coating surface is likely to occur.

In addition, the present anti-pollution coating composition can be prepared by adding 0.1 mol of alkylate polyglucoside and 0.05 mol of aminoalkyl slovetaine to 1000 ml of distilled water, followed by stirring.

On the other hand, the inner and outer surfaces of the mask 2 may be coated with a fragrance material mixed with functional oil, thereby sterilizing the mask 2, and has the effect of promoting user hygiene and health.

A functional oil may be mixed with the perfume material, and the mixing ratio thereof is 95 to 97% by weight of a perfume material, and 3 to 5% by weight of a functional oil is mixed, and the functional oil is 50 decatha abata oil. Made by weight, 50% by weight of Valeriana fauriei oil.

Here, the functional oil is preferably mixed with 3 to 5% by weight relative to the fragrance material. If the mixing ratio of the functional oil is less than 3% by weight, the effect is negligible. If the mixing ratio of the functional oil exceeds 3 to 5% by weight, the function is not significantly improved, while the manufacturing cost is greatly increased.

The main chemical composition of decatta acacia oil is palmic aldehyde, enanthic acid, etc. It has a good aroma and has good effects on sterilization, antidepressant, hygiene management, health promotion, and stress relief.

Valeriana fauriei oil is mainly composed of bornyl acetate, pinene, etc. It has an excellent effect on anxiety, tension relief, etc. as it lowers blood pressure and calms and calms the heart.

Since these functional oils are coated on the inner and outer surfaces of the mask 2, it not only can sterilize the mask 2, but also helps to improve user hygiene and health.

What has been described above is only one embodiment for implementing the patient breathing monitoring apparatus using the thermal dilution method according to the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and as claimed in the following claims Anyone who has ordinary knowledge in the field to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the gist of the invention, will have the technical spirit of the present invention to the extent that various changes can be made.

1: housing 2: mask
10: heater unit 20: first thermistor
21: OP-AMP 22: Resistance control
23: feedback control unit 24: power input unit
25: noise removal unit 26: data transmission unit
30: second thermistor 40: oxygen saturation meter
50: display unit

Claims (3)

As a device connected to the mask worn on the patient's respiratory system to measure and monitor the patient's breathing,
A heater unit supplying a gas for breathing at a preset temperature to the mask;
A first thermistor connected to one side of the heater in the mask direction and measuring a temperature at the time of exhalation of the patient;
A second thermistor connected to the other side opposite to one side of the heater portion and supplying ambient heat in the case of inhalation of the patient to the first thermistor; And
It includes a control unit for detecting the patient's exhalation and inhalation temperature changes, and determines the patient's breathing information according to the detection result,
The first thermistor detects the temperature in the patient's intestine when the patient exhales, and the temperature information of the patient's inhalation queue, converts it into a temperature detection signal, and transmits it to the control unit. Patient breath monitoring device used.
According to claim 1,
A display unit that outputs the patient's breathing information to the outside; And
Further comprising an oxygen saturation meter for measuring the oxygen saturation value of the patient,
The control unit determines whether the patient is over-breathed, normal-breathed, low-breathed or apneated through the magnitude of the voltage amplitude and frequency change of the temperature sensing signal during exhalation and inhalation of the patient,
The display unit outputs information on whether the determined patient's hyperventilation, normal breathing, hypoventilation or apnea is set as preset voice or color information,
The display unit is a patient breathing monitoring apparatus using a thermal dilution method, characterized in that for outputting the measured patient's oxygen saturation value as a preset voice or color information.
According to claim 2,
The heater unit, the first thermistor, the second thermistor, the control unit and the oxygen saturation meter are provided inside or outside the housing, and the display unit is provided outside the housing,
The first thermistor and the second thermistor is a patient breathing monitoring apparatus using a thermal dilution method, characterized in that provided with an NTC thermistor equipped with a regulator for outputting a constant voltage with respect to the input voltage.

Images