KR20200036090A - Internet of Things Terminal Operating Methods - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is to design an energy efficient system by presenting a method for minimizing power consumption of an Internet of things (IoT) terminal while applying the existing IoT standard technology. To this end, a standard-based operation system proposes simple registration and simple reporting techniques to overcome the problems of the conventional complex registration procedure, sensing transmission and the like and, based on the same, proposes a task processing method and an operation method for allowing a device to operate with low power.

Description

Internet of Things Terminal Operating Methods

The present invention has an object to design an energy efficient system by presenting a method for minimizing power consumption of an IoT terminal while applying the existing IoT standard technology. To this end, the standard-based operation system proposes simple registration and simple reporting techniques to overcome the problems of the conventional complex registration procedure and sensing transmission, and based on this, proposes a task processing method and an operation method for the device to operate at low power. .

As the Internet of Things (IoT) technology has developed, various IoT standards in the management and communication fields have been established and applied, while new requirements for a battery-based low-power system have been proposed.

In order to satisfy the above requirements, existing operators apply a low-power communication technique that deletes unnecessary functions such as multi-antenna and broadband frequency support from the IoT device and turns on / off the device only when data transmission is required. However, in order to support more than 10 years of operation, which is a recent requirement, and to minimize power consumption, not only these communication techniques, but also new operation methods with low-power technologies in various fields such as low-power scheduling, troop processing of sensors, and RF power management are required. Do.

1 is a configuration diagram of a representative system in which IoT standard technology is utilized. As shown in Fig. 1, the system takes the form that various sensors (devices) are connected to the gateway and the gateway is connected to the platform. When multiple pieces of information in a physical space are measured using multiple sensors, the gateway collects this information and delivers it to the platform. The user can query the information of the gateway or sensors through the platform, and in some cases, control the gateway and device. In general, the platform and the gateway are supplied with voltage through a wire, while the device is operated based on a battery according to the installation situation. The communication connection between the platform, gateway and device is both wired and wireless. In particular, due to the characteristics of the Internet of Things, devices operate at low power and use a very small communication technology.

In the conventional IoT standard, a device registration process is performed in order to distinguish the type of service used in the system structure. As shown in FIG. 2, device registration is a process of transferring information stored in the gateway to a platform and storing it, and as shown in FIG. 3, information managed in the device is transmitted to the gateway for registration and the gateway is registered. It can be defined as the process of transferring this information to the platform and storing it.

Internet of Things technology and interworking standards were established according to target and utilization companies as shown in Table 1 below.

division IoT standard technology OneM2M LWM2M OCF object Platform operators Device manufacturing center Consumer Electronics Center Utilization company SKT, KT, KETI ARM, MIPS, Samsung Electronics Samsung Electronics, LG Electronics

The standard is defined as a client to server structure, so it can be easily applied to various environments (for example, when an LTE modem is applied to a device, it can be directly connected to a server). Through this, it is transmitted from the terminal to the platform without conversion of the protocol. Since this is possible, it has the advantage of preventing information distortion and facilitating remote terminal setup and monitoring. In the conventional standard technology, a registration function for registering information of a corresponding device after starting a device is commonly defined, and relatively much data is transmitted in the corresponding registration process.

In recent years, devices in the IoT environment are represented by low-speed, low-power, and low-cost features, and accordingly, many difficulties are exposed when configuring the system based on the previously defined contents. For example, communication technologies such as Wi-SUN, LoRa, and ZigBee, which are mainly used in IoT standards, have a communication speed of 5 kbps to 250 kbps or less. In such an environment, when performing the device registration function of the conventional standard, it takes a long time, and power consumption is also increased accordingly. In addition, when a number of sensors (devices) are connected to a gateway, the amount of registered information increases, and a vicious cycle of dispatching and retransmitting communication traffic is repeated. Eventually, the cost of maintenance is directly linked to the power problem of Divias.

In the present invention, it is intended to propose a new low-power system operating method for operating with minimum power by reflecting the operating characteristics of a device in an IoT environment.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems,

The present invention is a simple registration that pre-enters and stores predetermined information such as the terminal name, memory size, manufacturer, and sensor type of the IoT device in the DB, and transmits only information that can change when the terminal is installed / registered in the actual field. By presenting a method, it is an object to minimize the amount of information transmitted / received in the process of IoT device being registered in the gateway and platform, and finally to reduce the power consumption of the IoT device.

The present invention has an object to reduce power consumption of an IoT device by presenting an event driven operation method in consideration of the fact that the number of communication times such as 1 time / 1 hour, 1 time / 1 day is not large due to the characteristics of the IoT device.

An object of the present invention is to reduce power consumption of an IoT device by presenting a method of notifying it using the Pending flag of IEEE 802.15.4 when the IoT gateway has information to be transmitted to the IoT device.

The present invention provides a simple reporting method for delivering a measurement value of a plurality of sensors embedded in the IoT device as a single reporting message in the operation of an IoT device in which a variety of sensors are embedded in one device. The aim is to reduce the power consumption of the device.

As a means for solving the above-described problems, the present invention has an embodiment with the following features.

In the simple registration method of the present invention, the oT device includes <object / object instance> list information in a link-format in a registration request message, and requests a POST message to the IoT gateway using the IoT device name as a lep option. And determining that the IoT gateway receiving the POST message is a simple registration process from the lep option and generating registered location information, and the IoT gateway requesting predefined information of the IoT device from the IoT platform. Is done.

In addition, the simple registration method includes the step of searching for the IoT gateway based on lep information and if there is no stored information as a result of searching for the IoT gateway based on lep information, the IoT gateway additionally includes a 'GET' option. And requesting the IoT platform for predefined information of the IoT device.

In the IoT device operating method of the present invention, a task creation step in which a new task is generated through a HW Interrupt, a task storage step in which the generated new task is stored in the FiFo Task Queue, and a scheduler sequentially executes tasks stored in the FiFo Task Queue. The task execution step and all the tasks in the FiFo Task Queue are executed and the state is empty. The IoT device sleeps all hardware functions except RTC (Real Time Clock) to minimize energy consumption. Is done.

The task execution step is characterized in that the executed task includes an additional step of creating a new task.

The additional step is characterized in that it further comprises the step of preventing the duplicate storage of the generated Task.

The HW Sleep step is characterized in that it operates in a RUN mode in which all functions can be utilized through regular operation according to the provided service, and a Sleep mode in which only the CPU sleeps and all clocks turn on.

In the sleep mode, when the IoT device is divided into a microcontrol unit (MCU) unit that generates signal processing and a packet and a communication unit that transmits data, operating the MCU in a RUN mode and the communication unit in a sleep mode. It is characterized by.

In addition, in the sleep mode, the task is divided into a general task and a wake-up task, and the scheduler sets / operates a high priority level to process the wake-up task first, so that the IoT device operates at the lowest possible power and at the same time. It is characterized by including the LP-Sleep mode, which operates so that WakeUp can be processed first.

The simple reporting method of the present invention includes the step of defining a virtual complex sensor capable of representing measurement data of several sensors that exist physically, and reporting a measurement value of a plurality of sensors embedded in the IoT device. It is characterized in that the number of communication between the IoT device and the IoT gateway is minimized and power consumption of the IoT device can be reduced by transmitting the message.

The simple reporting method may include defining measurement values of sensors constituting the composite sensor.

In addition, the simple reporting method is characterized in that it comprises the step of defining the number of sensors constituting the composite sensor.

In addition, the simple reporting method is characterized in that it comprises the step of defining a unit of measurement of the sensors constituting the composite sensor.

In addition, the simple reporting method is characterized in that it comprises the step of defining an ID to distinguish the sensors constituting the complex sensor.

The present invention is a simple registration that pre-enters and stores predetermined information such as the terminal name, memory size, manufacturer, and sensor type of the IoT device in the DB, and transmits only information that can change when the terminal is installed / registered in the actual field. By presenting the method, there is an effect of minimizing the amount of information transmitted / received in the process of IoT device being registered in the gateway and the platform and finally reducing the power consumption of the IoT device.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of reducing the power consumption of the IoT device by presenting an event driven operation method in consideration of the fact that the number of times of communication such as 1 time / 1 hour, 1 time / 1 day is not large due to the characteristics of the IoT device.

In addition, according to the present invention, when the IoT gateway has information to be transmitted to the IoT device, by presenting a method of notifying it using the Pending flag of IEEE 802.15.4, there is an effect of reducing the power consumption of the IoT device.

In addition, according to the present invention, in the operation of an IoT device in which a plurality of sensors are embedded in one device, by presenting a simple reporting method for transmitting measurement values of a plurality of sensors embedded in the IoT device as one report message , It has the effect of reducing the power consumption of the IoT device.

1 is an example of an IoT system configuration diagram
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a process of registering a device between an IoT platform and an IoT gateway in a conventional IoT standard.
3 is a diagram of a conventional IoT platform-gateway-device interworking procedure
4 is a diagram of a simple registration-based IoT platform-gateway-device interworking procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a flow chart of a simple registration method according to an embodiment of the present invention
6 is a diagram for a method of operating an IoT device according to an Event Driven operating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
7 is a flowchart of an IoT device operating method according to an embodiment of the present invention
8A is a diagram of a prior art operating method for switching a sleep-wakeup of an IoT device's RF module;
8B is a diagram of an operating method using the Pending Flag of the present invention for switching the Sleep-WakeUp of the RF module of the IoT device
9 is a diagram for a simple reporting method according to an embodiment of the present invention

The meaning of the terms described in this specification should be understood as follows.

It should be understood that a singular expression includes a plurality of expressions unless the context clearly defines otherwise, and the terms "first", "second", etc. are intended to distinguish one component from another component, The scope of rights should not be limited by these terms.

It should be understood that terms such as “include” or “have” do not preclude the presence or addition possibility of one or more other features or numbers, steps, actions, components, parts or combinations thereof.

It should be understood that the term “at least one” includes all possible combinations from one or more related items. For example, the meaning of “at least one of the first item, the second item, and the third item” means 2 of the first item, the second item, and the third item, as well as each of the first item, the second item, and the third item. Any combination of items that can be presented from more than one dog.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Simple registration method

First, a simple registration method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 to 5.

4 is a diagram of a simple registration-based IoT platform-gateway-device interworking procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a simple registration method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The simple registration method (S100) of the IoT device for supporting the low power environment of the present invention includes a profile storage step (S110), a message request step (S120), a location generation step (S130), a registration information search step (S140), and a determination step ( S150), a GET option including step S161, and a predefined information request step S162.

The profile storage step (S110) is a step in which predefined information such as the terminal name, memory size, manufacturer, and sensor type of the IoT device 300 is pre-stored in the IoT platform 100 DB.

In the message requesting step (S120), the IoT device 300 includes the <object / object instance> list information in link-format in the registration request message, and uses the IoT device name as a lep option to send the POST message to the IoT gateway (200). ).

The location generating step (S130) is a step of determining that the IoT gateway 200 receiving the POST message is a simple registration process from the lep option and generating registered location information.

The registration information retrieval step (S140) is a step in which the IoT gateway 200 searches for pre-stored registration information based on lep information (device OID).

The determining step S150 is a step of determining whether there is predefined information of the IoT device 300 as a result of the search in the searching step S140.

In the step S161 of including the GET option, when it is determined that there is no information stored in the result of the determination step S150, the IoT gateway 200 additionally includes a 'GET' option.

The predefined information request step (S162) is a step in which the IoT gateway 200 requests predefined information of the IoT device 300 to the IoT platform 100.

In this case, in the simple registration message requesting the IoT platform 100, the location information generated by the IoT gateway 200 is included in the payload and the information is transmitted to the IoT platform 100.

As a result, the IoT gateway 200 acquires dictionary information of the IoT device 300 and performs simple registration at the previously created location (“/ dev / 4521”). In this case, 4521 is a random number generated by the gateway Remote Desktop (RD).

Operation method

Hereinafter, a method of operating an IoT device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 6 to 7.

6 is a diagram of a method of operating an IoT device according to an Event Driven operating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method of operating an IoT device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The IoT device operating method (S200) for supporting the low power environment of the present invention includes a task creation step (S210), a task storage step (S220), a task execution step (S230), a queue check step (S240), and a HW Sleep step ( S250).

The task creation step (S210) is a step in which a new task is generated through HW (hardware) interrupt.

The task storage step (S220) is a step in which the New Task created through HW Interrupt is stored in the FiFo Task Queue.

The task execution step (S230) is a step in which the scheduler sequentially executes the tasks stored in the FiFo Task Queue. In addition, the executed task can create a new task, and a function for preventing duplicate storage of the created tasks can be added.

The Queue Check step (S240) is a step of checking whether all the tasks of the FiFo Task Queue have been executed.

In the HW Sleep step (S250), when all the tasks of the FiFo Task Queue are executed and the state is empty, the IoT device 300 sleeps all hardware functions except RTC (Real Time Clock) to minimize energy consumption. to be.

In the HW Sleep step (S250), the IoT device 300 may operate in a RUN mode in which all functions can be utilized through regular operation according to a provided service, and a Sleep mode in which only the CPU sleeps and all clocks turn on. In addition, when the IoT device 300 is configured to be divided into a microcontrol unit (MCU) unit that generates signal processing and packets and a communication unit that transmits data, the MCU may be operated in a RUN mode and the communication unit in a sleep mode. have.

In addition, in the sleep mode, the task is divided into a general task and a wake-up task, and the scheduler sets / operates a high priority level to process the wake-up task first, so that the IoT device 300 can operate at the lowest possible power. It may include an LP-Sleep mode, which operates at the same time that WakeUp is processed first.

The operating method of the IoT device of the present invention is a method in which HW Interrupt is applied to the Event Driven method. After executing the sensor processing task individually, the CPU immediately sleeps, and the results processed by the sensors are processed through the interrupt. There is an advantage that parallel processing is possible by generating and processing. As a result, the present invention solves the problem of the prior art, which consumed a lot of time and power by sequentially processing various sensors mounted on the device.

Next, a method for reducing power consumption of the RF communication module provided in the IoT device will be described.

In the prior art, to confirm the completion of the transmission / reception operation of the RF communication module, a continuous completion confirmation request is sent to check the status. After confirming the completion of the operation of the RF communication module through this polling method, it was possible to sleep the CPU as a rain.

In the event driven structure according to the present invention, the CPU immediately sleeps after executing the task of setting the transmission / reception operation of the RF communication module, and the result of the operation of the RF communication module is transmitted to the CPU through an interrupt to save power consumption. can do. At this time, as shown in FIG. 8A, when the RF communication module is sleep (off), no data can be received. For RF reception, it is necessary to periodically wake up to check whether a packet to be received exists.

In order to periodically wake up (on) the RF communication module, the existing RIT (Receiver Initiated Transmission) packet is periodically transmitted to check whether there is a neighbor node having a packet to be transmitted to itself. However, this technique is not efficient in terms of energy consumption in that a separate RIT packet must be periodically transmitted.

8B is a diagram for an operating method using the Pending Flag of the present invention for switching the Sleep-WakeUp of the RF module of the IoT device.

Referring to FIG. 8B, in the present invention, data is transmitted without transmitting additional control packets such as RIT by using the Pending Flag of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. In the header field of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, there is a Pending Flag indicating whether there are additional packets to be transmitted. If the flag is set, it means that there are more packets to be transmitted. In the IoT system, the IoT device 300 sleeps the RF communication module for most of the time, but periodically wakes up the RF communication module to transmit the sensed data to the IoT gateway 200 and transmits the data. When receiving the corresponding packet, the IoT gateway 200 transmits an ACK in response. If there is data to be transmitted to the corresponding IoT device 300, as shown in FIG. 8B, the Pending Flag of the corresponding ACK is set to 1 and transmitted. The IoT device 300 that has received the ACK may check whether the corresponding data is received from the IoT gateway 200 by checking the corresponding flag. If the corresponding flag is set, the IoT device 300 does not sleep immediately on the RF communication module and waits on, so that the IoT gateway 200 waits for data to be transmitted later. Through this, RF reception is possible without special control packet transmission, and thus there is an advantage that it can be efficiently operated in terms of energy consumption.

Simple reporting method

Hereinafter, a simple reporting method of an IoT device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 9.

In recent years, various sensors such as temperature, humidity, and acceleration are built into a single device, and are developed as multi-functional devices. In the case of devices equipped with two or more sensors, there are many sensor values to report. In this case, for periodic reporting, CoAP Observe must be performed for each sensor, and a reporting message is transmitted separately. However, according to the method of the prior art, since the number of reports increases, there arises a problem that power consumption of the IoT device increases.

The simple reporting method of the IoT device of the present invention includes: defining a virtual complex sensor capable of representing measurement data of several physically existing sensors, and defining a unit of measurement values of sensors constituting the complex sensor. , Defining the quantity of the sensors constituting the composite sensor, and defining a unit of measurement values of the sensors constituting the composite sensor, wherein a plurality of sensors are embedded in one IoT device 300 By transmitting the measurement values of a plurality of sensors as a single report message, it has the effect of minimizing the number of communication between the IoT device 300 and the IoT gateway 200 and reducing power consumption of the IoT device 300. .

Referring to FIG. 9, an example in which a plurality of sensor values are composed of composite data and delivered as a single report message is described, as shown in FIG. 9, the composite sensor is defined as 30000. First, the complex data configuration is performed through a control procedure for “30000/0/1”. The control procedure can use the simple registration form defined above. The device transmits in the following format, and the transmission content transmits information that the temperature sensor 3303, the voltage sensor 3316, and the current sensor 3317 are composed of one composite sensor.

“/ 3303/0/5700; / dev / e1234 / 3316/0/5700; / dev / e1235 / 3317/0/5700”

Furthermore, if the periodic report for setting the CoAP Observe for “30000/0/0” is performed, data is transmitted as “37; 220; 60”. Through this simple report, multiple packets are integrated into one, and RF transmission energy can be greatly reduced.

It should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the following claims rather than the above detailed description, and it should be interpreted that all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and equivalent concepts are included in the scope of the present invention. do.

100: IoT platform
200: IoT gateway
300: IoT device
S110: Profile saving step
S120: message request step
S130: location creation step
S140: registration information search step
S150: judgment step
S161: Step with GET option
S162: Predefined information request step
S210: Task creation step
S220: Task storage step
S230: Task execution step
S240: Queue Check step
S250: HW Sleep stage

Claims (15)

As a simple registration method of IoT devices for low power environment support,
The IoT device including <object / object instance> list information in the registration request message as link-format, and requesting a POST message from the IoT gateway using the IoT device name as a lep option;
Determining that the IoT gateway receiving the POST message is a simple registration process from the lep option and generating registered location information; And
The IoT gateway requesting predefined information of the IoT device from the IoT platform; Simple registration method including
According to claim 1, The simple registration method,
Searching for the IoT gateway based on lep information; And
If the IoT gateway has no stored information as a result of searching based on lep information, the IoT gateway further includes a 'GET' option to request predefined information of the IoT device from the IoT platform; Simple registration method including
As a method of operating an IoT device to support a low-power environment,
A task creation step in which a new task is generated through HW Interrupt;
A task storage step in which the generated New Task is stored in the FiFo Task Queue;
A task execution step in which the scheduler sequentially executes the tasks stored in the FiFo Task Queue; And
An HW Sleep step of minimizing energy consumption by the IoT device sleeping all hardware functions except RTC (Real Time Clock) when all tasks of the FiFo Task Queue are executed and the state is empty; IoT device operating method including
The method of claim 3, wherein the task execution step,
Method of operating an IoT device comprising; an additional step of creating a new task by the executed task
The method of claim 4, wherein the additional step,
Method of operating an IoT device further comprising the step of preventing duplicate storage of the created tasks
The method of claim 5, wherein the HW Sleep step,
Operation method of IoT device characterized by operating in RUN mode, which can utilize all functions through regular operation according to the provided service, and Sleep mode, in which only the CPU sleeps and all clocks turn on.
The method of claim 6, wherein the sleep mode,
IoT device characterized by operating the MCU in the RUN mode and the communication unit in the Sleep mode when the IoT device is divided into a microcontrol unit (MCU) unit that generates signal processing and packets and a communication unit that transmits data. How to operate
The method of claim 6, wherein the sleep mode,
The task is divided into a general task and a wake-up task, and the scheduler sets / operates a high priority level so that the wake-up task can be processed first, so that the IoT device operates at the lowest possible power while simultaneously handling the wake-up first. Operation method of the IoT device, characterized by including the LP-Sleep mode to operate
As a method for efficiently operating the RF communication module provided in the IoT device,
How to set the flag to notify when the IoT gateway has information to send to the IoT device
10. The method of claim 9, The method of setting the flag,
How to use the IEEE 802.15.4 Pending flag
As a simple reporting method for IoT devices in which a variety of sensors are embedded in one device,
I. Defining a virtual composite sensor capable of representing measurement data of several physically existing sensors; Including, a simple reporting method capable of minimizing the number of communication between the IoT device and the IoT gateway and reducing power consumption of the IoT device by transmitting measurement values of a plurality of sensors embedded in the IoT device as a single report message.
The method of claim 11, wherein the simple reporting method comprises:
Defining measurement values of sensors constituting the composite sensor; Simple reporting method that includes
The method of claim 11, wherein the simple reporting method comprises:
Defining a quantity of sensors constituting the composite sensor; Simple reporting method that includes
The method of claim 12, wherein the simple reporting method comprises:
Defining a unit of measurement values of sensors constituting the composite sensor; Simple reporting method that includes
The method of any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the simple reporting method comprises:
Defining an ID to distinguish sensors constituting the composite sensor; Simple reporting method that includes

Images