KR20190115439A - The monitor system of a early fire - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an early fire detection sensor terminal. According to the present invention, the sensor comprises: an AgI layer formed on an Ag substrate; an AgCl layer formed on the AgI layer; a conductive thin film pattern formed on the AgCl layer; a gas sensing layer surrounding the conductive thin film pattern; and an electrode pair for applying power to the gas detection film. The conductive thin film pattern transmits measurement data of the sensor which catalyzes a sensing reaction of the gas sensing layer to a gas to be sensed through a physically unclonable function (PUF) and a quantum random security terminal.

Description

Early detection sensor terminal {The monitor system of a early fire}

It is a patent for early fire detection sensor and early fire detection sensor terminal.

The present invention relates to an HCl sensing sensor device, a sensor including the same, and a manufacturing method of manufacturing the same, wherein the HCI sensing sensor accidentally generated as an HCl sensing sensor device in which an Agl layer and an AgCl layer are formed on an Ag substrate, and when a fire occurs, The present invention relates to an HCl detection sensor element capable of detecting the occurrence of an electric fire by detecting hydrogen chloride gas (HCl) generated from an electric insulator, and preventing the diffusion of gas and fire, and an early fire detection sensor including the same.

In particular, it is characterized by the detection of the electrical resistance change of the sensor reacting with HCl gas by direct conversion method and the early fire detection sensor of high sensitivity and fast reaction rate by the catalytic action of the nanoporous structure line type conductive thin film.

The present invention relates to a quantum security terminal system for effectively and efficiently transmitting event data detected from an HCl early fire detection sensor.

In addition, the present invention relates to an electrical fire pre-sensing device and an operation method by calculating fine dust index value and HCl gas concentration index value to improve the accuracy of the early detection sensor, and to increase the precision. .

More specifically, the present invention relates to a technique for detecting the presence of an electric fire by analyzing the amount of change of the fine dust index value generated by heat generation inside the metal box.

PIN (Personal Identification Number) data is extracted from the PUF chip through the process deviation that occurs in the semiconductor manufacturing process related to the generation and distribution of security keys using a very small PUC (Physically Unclonable Function) Chip and a Quantum Random Number Generator (QNGN) Chip. A symmetric key (decryption key) is generated, and an symmetric key (decryption key) is generated by encrypting the symmetric key (decryption key) through a random quantum random number generated through QRNG.

If the data measured by the HCl Sensor is encrypted with an asymmetric key (encryption key), the data measured by the original Sensor can be restored through the symmetric key (decryption key).

Recently, as interest in harmful gases, atmospheric environment, and safety that exist in human living environment is increasing, the necessity of a gas sensor that can easily detect environmentally harmful gases is important.

Gas sensors detect the type and concentration of gases by using chemisorption on the surface of the material. When gas is adsorbed on the surface, the gas can be detected by using the change in the electrical conductivity near the surface. In the case of metal, since the change in electrical conductivity is not large, it is not used well, and a semiconductor or oxide with a relatively large change in electrical conductivity is widely used. For example, when gas molecules are adsorbed on the surface of a semiconductor, electrons or holes move, and electrical conductivity changes due to the change of the surface charge. When the electron affinity A of the adsorbed gas molecules is greater than the work function W _s of the n-type semiconductor, the energy level is shown in FIG. 1. At this time, the charge redistribution in the semiconductor is required so that the electrons in the conduction band move to the low energy level of the adsorption molecules in the band gap. As a result, the adsorption molecules that accept electrons are negatively charged. At the same time a change in the band structure of the semiconductor occurs and the electron concentration in the semiconductor decreases. An electric field is formed near the surface, and the electric field is suppressed by this electric field. In proportion to the number of electrons moved from the semiconductor to the adsorption molecules, the electric field becomes large, and if it exceeds the threshold value, the movement of electrons is prevented and is in equilibrium. At equilibrium, the Fermi level near the surface of the semiconductor coincides with the energy level of the adsorbed molecules, which no longer causes electron movement. In n-type semiconductors with many electrons, the energy structure of E _c in the conduction band influences the movement of electrons. That is, when a gas (A> W _s ) having a high electron affinity is adsorbed to the n-type semiconductor, a potential energy barrier is formed on the surface of the semiconductor to prevent the movement of electrons. When a gas having a small electron affinity (A <W _s ) is adsorbed on a p-type semiconductor, a potential energy barrier is formed on the surface of the semiconductor to hinder the movement of holes. Changes in electrical conductivity resulting from changes in electrons can be used to make gas sensors.

In the case of a semiconductor, the electrical conduction is caused by the movement of electrons or holes, but in the case of a solid electrolyte, the electrical conduction is generated by the movement of ions, and this ion conductivity can be applied to a gas sensor. For the α-AgI a typical solid electrolyte material because of Ag ⁺ ions number greater than the number of grid points of the Ag ⁺ ions is greater in the movement of the Ag ⁺ ions. The electrical conductivity (conductivity) of the solid electrolyte is generally smaller than that of metal and larger than that of Si semiconductor, and it tends to increase exponentially with increasing temperature as shown in FIG. 2.

In particular, certain substance detection technologies are widely applied throughout the industry. Among them, hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas is used in various fields, and the exposure standard by the Air Pollution Prevention Act and the Labor Standard are defined as environmental pollution, corrosive and toxic to human body when exposed. In addition, hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas is a material used in the organic compound production process is included in a small amount of the organic compound as a process output and is closely related to the thermal stability of the organic compound. In general, the coating of wires and cables of electronic products consists of polyethylene or intermediate materials (bitumen). As the exterior of the cable is burned, toxic gases such as hydrogen chloride gas (HCl), carbon monoxide (CO), and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) are discharged.

Particulate Matter (PM) is classified into fine dust (PM10), ultrafine dust (PM2.5) and ultrafine dust (PM1.0) according to particle size. The particle size of PM10 is 10um or less in diameter, PM2.5 is 2.5um in diameter or less, and PM1.0 is 1.0um or less in diameter.

Sources of fine dust are classified into natural and artificial sources. Natural sources include soil dust, salts from seawater, pollen of plants, and the like. The artificial sources are used to burn fossil fuels of coal or oil in boilers, power plants, and automobile exhausts. There is soot produced.

Fine dust contains carbon compounds, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides and is used to analyze the state of air pollution.

The interior of the metal box, such as a high-voltage switchboard, a low-voltage switchboard, a power board or a distribution board, includes electrical equipment for supplying power and includes organic materials that are electrically insulated.

Insulators made of organic materials have a risk of fire when overheated due to structural defects, poor location, poor construction, old equipment, poor handling, or poor contact.

Fine dust also occurs when organic matter is burned. When organic matter is burned, fine dust based on carbon compounds such as methane, alcohol, benzene and phenol is generated, and gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride (HCl), BHT gas, chlorine and ethylene are generated.

In the case of fire detection system and electric equipment box using multiple sensors of Dongnae, the fire of electric equipment box is monitored by using temperature sensor and gas sensor.

Therefore, the prior art discloses a technique for detecting an electrical fire of an electrical installation box or a metal box using a temperature sensor or a gas sensor, but does not disclose a technique for detecting an electrical fire of an electrical installation box or a metal box using a fine dust sensor. I can't.

An apparatus and method for generating an identification key for hardware security for transmitting data measured by an early fire detection sensor without forgery in between, in which a physically unclonable function (PUF) is implemented using a process deviation during semiconductor manufacturing. By applying a device and method for generating an identification key to apply physical technology to enhance security.

After generating a PIN (Personal Identification Number) value through the PUF using the deviation generated in the production process of the IC (Integrated Circuit) chip, the authentication request key including the PIN value of the PUF installed in the terminal after storing in the authorized authentication platform If the PIN value is received from the authorized authentication platform, the authentication process is performed.

If the PUF authenticates the physical terminal in hardware, generating an authentication request key (encryption key / decryption key) that generates a one-time quantum random number OTP (One Time Password) from the PIN value of the PUF is a quantum random number generator. Characterized by generating through.

The quantum random number generator is composed of a random number generator and a pseudo random number generator. The random number generator generates an encryption key using a random random source generated using an unpredictable natural phenomenon.

The unpredictable natural phenomenon generates a quantum random number (QRN) using natural light, a light emitting diode (LED), a laser diode (LD), radiation, thermal noise, noise, and the like.

A symmetric encryption key for mutual encryption communication is generated using the encryption key as a pair of encryption keys.

Unlike the quantum random number described above, an asymmetric encryption key is generated through a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG).

The quantum random number generator of the present invention generates a quantum random number (QRN) symmetric encryption key and pseudorandom number (PRN) asymmetric encryption key, and enables bidirectional communication and authentication through a pair of symmetric encryption keys. Do.

By generating the asymmetric encryption key again encrypted through the pseudo random number generator in the quantum random symmetric encryption key, it is characterized in that the asymmetric encryption key can be decrypted through the symmetric encryption key.

The Internet of Thing, a system for connecting information in everyday life through wired and wireless networks and sharing information, is becoming popular. The Internet of Things is an IoT space network that forms intelligent relationships such as sensing, networking, and information processing in cooperation with human beings, things, and services.

As the Internet of Things becomes more common, security threats are increasing, and security for the Internet of Things requires uninterrupted security for all sections from IoT devices to systems. In particular, because they need to communicate with devices with various functions and protocols, they are exposed to security threats because they must use open standard technology.

On the other hand, the software-based random number generation technology has a problem that can identify the random number generation pattern by using not only a lot of resources but also advanced hacking techniques.

Therefore, for the security between IoT devices, a natural random number or a truly random number is required to extract random numbers from natural phenomena, which has no specific pattern and has an unpredictable advantage, but it is large and very expensive and requires an extraction device. There is a problem that is difficult to apply to the device.

IP Security Protocol (IPSec) is a protocol developed for security at the packet processing layer of network communication. It is used to protect data transmitted and received through a virtual private network (VPN) from public network users. Is a protocol.

Local-based IPSec VPN service is a virtual private network service that allows various communication locals to connect to a VPN local connected to the public network and to access a remote private network to send and receive VPN traffic without a separate VPN setting. In order to use the virtual private network service as described above, the VPN local performs an authentication step for creating an IPSec tunnel with a virtual private network gateway (VPN GateWay: VPN G / W) through a public network, and in IPSec, a key exchange for the authentication is performed. As a procedure, the IKE method is divided into 1 step (Main Mode or Aggressive Mode) and 2 steps (Quick Mode). The first stage of the IKE is an Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP) stage for exchanging encrypted data in an unsecured public network. The VPN local and virtual private network gateways (VPN G / W) share each other in advance. Negotiating with each other about Pre-Shared Key and encryption method and hash function of ISAKMP. The second step is to negotiate an encryption method of data transmitted and received through an IPSec tunnel and a type of traffic to be transmitted and received through the IPSec tunnel.

These locally based IPsec VPN services can be divided into wired and wireless. The wired base is to connect the VPN local to the virtual private network gate (VPN G / W) through the wired network, and the wireless base is to connect the VPN local to the virtual private network gateway (VPN G / W) through the wireless network. will be. In a wired-based VPN service, a static IP address is assigned to the VPN local for IKE 1-step authentication between the VPN local and the virtual private network gateway (VPN G / W), and the VPN local and virtual private network gateway (VPN G / W). After saving the preset Pre-Shared Key in the Virtual Private Network Gateway (VPN G / W), whether the IP address of the VPN local with the corresponding Preshared Key is the statically assigned IP address. Authentication is performed by checking. In this case, a real user local located under the subscriber's VPN local can access a remote private network through the VPN local without a separate authentication procedure.

 As the use of wired and wireless communication, including the Internet, is rapidly expanding, the security problems of communication networks are becoming increasingly important in terms of protecting confidentiality of national, corporate, financial, and personal privacy. The asymmetric public key cryptosystem, developed in the 1970s and now widely used in communication systems such as the Internet, is a method of encrypting information using a mathematical problem that is very difficult to solve as a public key and decrypting it using the year as a secret key. It is based on mathematical "computation complexity".

Representatively, RSA public key cryptosystem developed by three people, Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman takes advantage of the difficulty of factoring very large numbers. In other words, mathematically, the prime factorization problem increases exponentially as the size of the problem increases. Therefore, when the sender and receiver use a sufficiently large number of prime factorization problems as the public key, it is practical for the eavesdropper to decrypt the ciphertext. Take advantage of what would be impossible. However, the cryptographic system based on this mathematical computational complexity has been questioned about the security of the algorithm due to the development of more sophisticated algorithms.In 1994, AT & T's Peter Shor developed the quantum computer-based prime factorization algorithm to develop the quantum computer. RSA cryptosystems are found to be fundamentally decipherable.

Quantum cryptography, which has emerged as an alternative to solve this security problem, is based on the principle of quantum mechanics, which is the fundamental law of nature, rather than mathematical computational complexity. . In other words, quantum cryptography is a technology that distributes cryptographic keys (disposable random numbers) in real time and securely between senders and receivers based on the laws of quantum physics such as "non-quantity duplication". Also known as). "

The first quantum cryptographic protocol was introduced in 1984 by C.H. Presented by Bennett and G. Brassard of the University of Montreal.

Named after the inventors, the BB84 protocol uses four quantum states (for example, the polarization state of a single photon) that make up two bases.

However, according to the above prior art, in order to transmit and receive a quantum code, a communication device between the communication local and the server is required, and there is a limit in that the cost burden for the communication device between the communication local and the server is increased.

Detects hydrogen chloride gas (HCl) generated by internal fire accidents in switchboards, etc., and detects hydrogen chloride gas (HCl) generated from electrical insulators in the event of a fire. An HCl sensing sensor device, a sensor including the same, and a manufacturing method of manufacturing the same are provided.

The present invention provides an electrical fire pre-sensing device using fine dust to detect the presence of an electrical fire by analyzing the amount of change in the index of the fine dust of organic matter generated by heat generation inside the metal box.

The present invention provides a method of preventing malfunction of an electric fire pre-sensing device using fine dust, which compares a gas concentration index value and a gas concentration threshold to prevent malfunction of the fine dust sensor unit.

The present invention provides a detection method of an electric fire pre-sensing device for improving the detection accuracy of the electric fire signs by measuring the fine dust indicator value and the gas concentration indicator value at the same time.

The present invention provides a detection method of an electric fire pre-sensing device for distinguishing and detecting a target gas for discriminating an electric fire sign and a target gas for discriminating an electric fire occurrence.

The present invention detects the electrical resistance change of a sensor reacting with HCl gas by a direct conversion method in order to manufacture an early fire detection sensor with high sensitivity and fast reaction rate, and a high sensitivity and early reaction rate due to the catalytic action of the nanoporous structure line type conductive thin film. Manufacture fire detection sensor.

In addition, by using a new technology called PUF to securely transmit the event data collected from the early fire detection sensor without forgery and seizure, the device generates a password and uses it for authentication. An apparatus and method are provided for performing trusted authentication to a trusted level to identify and verify that the entity is a legitimate entity.

In addition, in a system where secure communication using cryptographic decryption is applied to devices or systems that perform IoT communication, a security authentication device that is robust to physical attacks or unauthorized access to the security authentication system of the device, and A method is provided.

In addition, the method of generating a one-time quantum random number OTP (One Time Password) as a method and transmitting data in only one direction is the world's first technology.

It is a feature that can transmit data in one direction rather than simply sharing a key and performing bidirectional communication or logging in.

The present invention relates to a sensor device manufactured by the HCl sensing sensor device manufacturing method, Ag substrate; An AgI layer formed on the Ag substrate; And an AgCl layer formed on the AgI layer; Characterized in that it comprises a.

In order to prevent the malfunction of the sensor, it is characterized by the addition of a catalyst and an error correction ground detection unit of the nanoporous structure line type conductive thin film.

In addition, the first sensor for measuring the component of the intake gas drawn into the inlet of the sealed switchboard and the second sensor for measuring the component of the exhaust gas exhausted from the exhaust port of the sealed switchgear characterized in that the technology for correcting the error .

An electric fire pre-sensing apparatus using fine dust is disposed inside a metal box to detect fine dust generated by heat generation at a unit time, and detects a fine dust index value including at least one of the size, number and concentration of the fine dust. And calculating a fine dust sensor unit and a control unit for analyzing the change amount of the fine dust index value with the unit time to determine the electric fire sign.

The fine dust sensor unit may detect fine dust using one of a light scattering method, a beta ray absorption method, and a capacitance method.

The fine dust sensor unit may detect fine dust of an organic material including at least one of a coated wire, a tube, a terminal block, and a conductor support.

The fine dust sensor unit may detect a carbon compound from an organic material as target fine dust.

The control unit may determine the electric fire sign by comparing the fine dust indicator value and the fine dust threshold value indicating the indicator of the electric fire.

The fine dust threshold value is divided into safety, caution, danger, and power cutoff threshold ranges to indicate an indicator of an electric fire, and the control unit compares the fine dust indicator value and the fine dust threshold value to control a control command of an index of a corresponding electric fire. It may be characterized in that for generating.

The apparatus for pre-sensing an electric fire using fine dust may further include a gas sensor unit configured to calculate a gas concentration index value according to the gas concentration of the organic material generated by the heat generation.

The gas sensor unit may be operated on an electrochemical basis, and may detect at least one of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, BHT gas, chlorine, and ethylene generated by heat generation as a target gas.

The control unit may determine the signs of the electric fire by checking the fine dust and gas to each other.

The gas sensor unit may detect a BHT gas for determining an electric fire sign as a target, and detect hydrogen chloride for determining an electric fire as a target.

Malfunction prevention method of the electric fire pre-sensing device using fine dust,

Calculating a fine dust index value generated by heat generation in the fine dust sensor unit disposed inside the metal box; The control unit analyzes the change amount of the fine dust indicator value in unit time to determine the electric fire sign and the dust concentration and the gas concentration indicator value detected by the gas sensor unit for detecting the gas inside the metal box by the control unit. Checking the electrical fire signs for the gas to each other, and preventing the malfunction of the fine dust sensor unit.

An electric fire detection method of an electric fire pre-sensing apparatus using fine dust may include calculating fine dust index values of organic substances generated by heat generation in the fine dust sensor unit, and calculating gas index values of organic substances in the gas sensor unit; The control unit analyzes the fine dust indicator value and the gas concentration indicator value in unit time to determine an electric fire sign, and detecting the hydrogen chloride for determining the occurrence of the electric fire in the gas sensor as a target.

Symmetric key by extracting PIN (Personal Identification Number) data from PUF chip through the process deviation that occurs in semiconductor manufacturing process related to security key generation and distribution using PUC (Phisycally Unclonable Function) Chip and Quantum Random Number Generator (QNGN) Chip Generate a (decryption key) and encrypt the symmetric key (decryption key) using a random quantum random number generated through QRNG to generate an asymmetric key (encryption key). To maximize security.

As described above, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the gas sensor is a substrate

A conductive thin film pattern formed thereon, a gas sensing film surrounding the conductive thin film pattern, and an electrode pair for applying power to the gas sensing film.

The conductive thin film pattern serves as a catalyst for promoting a sensing reaction of the gas sensing film with respect to a predetermined gas to be detected.

In particular, it is characterized by the detection of the electrical resistance change of the sensor reacting with HCl gas by direct conversion method and the early fire detection sensor of high sensitivity and fast reaction rate by the catalytic action of the nanoporous structure line type conductive thin film.

By developing a sensor element with Agl and AgCl formed on an Ag substrate and a sensor including the same, it is possible to detect the occurrence of an electric fire by detecting hydrogen chloride gas generated from an electric insulator or the like in the event of a fire, and to prevent the spread of fire. have.

In addition, the present invention has the effect that it is possible to commercialize a solid electrolyte-based sensor device that its sensing characteristics sensitively change according to the HCl gas concentration.

In addition, in order to improve the accuracy of the target (HCl) gas and the electric fire occurrence discrimination to determine the electric fire signs, the present invention can detect the fine dust of organic matter generated by the heat generation to determine the electric fire signs, fine By detecting the gas generated with the dust to prevent the malfunction of the electric fire detection, or improve the accuracy of the electric fire detection.

The present invention detects the fine dust and the BHT gas primarily checks the electric fire signs, and by detecting the hydrogen chloride secondly confirms the occurrence of the electric fire, it is possible to efficiently detect the electric fire in each step.

In addition, as a countermeasure to transmit data measured by the HCl early fire detection sensor without forgery and alteration, the single PIN data of the physical PUF chip and the random nature of the quantum random number generator are not duplicated compared to the conventional security measures transmitted through a pair of VPNs. Strengthening security measures by applying a one-way encryption key that transmits data in one direction only through a one-time OTP quantum encryption key using random numbers to open two-way tunneling data communication only between the quantum terminal and the integrated control server. Authenticated OTP (One Time Password) authentication security created through Chip and QRNG that generates natural random numbers has the best security that cannot be hacked by a quantum computer.

1 is a graph showing the change of the energy band by the adsorption of gas molecules
2 is a graph showing the conductivity temperature dependence of a solid electrolyte
3 is a schematic diagram of an HCl sensing sensor device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4 is a photograph of the AgI / Ag specimens according to an embodiment of the present invention
5 is a SEM plan view of the AgI / Ag specimens according to an embodiment of the present invention
6 is an XRD pattern graph of AgI / Ag specimens according to an embodiment of the present invention
7 is a photograph of the AgCl / Ag specimens according to an embodiment of the present invention
8 is a SEM plan view of the AgCl / Ag specimens according to an embodiment of the present invention
9 is an XRD pattern graph of AgCl / Ag specimens according to an embodiment of the present invention
10 is a photograph of the AgCl / Ag / Ag specimens according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 11 is a photograph of Ag wire connected to a plated surface of an AgCl / AgI / Ag specimen according to an embodiment of the present invention.
12 is a photo of Ag wire connected to the polished surface of the AgCl / Ag / Ag specimens according to an embodiment of the present invention
13 is a lead wire arrangement one embodiment
FIG. 14 is a graph illustrating a change result of an open circuit voltage (OCV) over time for AgCl / AgI / Ag specimens according to an embodiment of the present invention.
15 is an embodiment for understanding the present invention
16 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an exemplary PUF structure.
17 is a block diagram for understanding the present invention
18 to 28 are pyrolysis gas chromatography of insulator

3 is a schematic diagram of an HCl sensing sensor device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, the HCl sensing sensor device of the present invention has a structure in which an AgI layer and an AgCl layer are stacked on an Ag substrate. The HCl sensing sensor element is a sensor element having a characteristic that an open circuit voltage changes with the inflow of HCl gas.

In more detail, the Ag substrate serves as a substrate and an electrode for the sensor element to flow current, and the AgI layer and the AgCl layer have a site where Ag ⁺ ions move and their adsorption on the inside and the surface thereof. As a sensing material.

The HCl sensor device is manufactured by any one of plating methods, deposition methods, dipping methods, or two or more methods. In the sensor device fabricated through the above method, it is preferable that the particle size of the AgI layer is in the range of 0.3 to 0.6 μm, and the particle size of the AgCl layer is in the range of 0.4 to 1.0 μm.

In addition, the present invention can manufacture a sensor including the HCl sensing sensor element.

Next, a method of manufacturing an HCl sensing sensor device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The method of fabricating the HCl sensing sensor element includes a pretreatment step, forming an AgI layer on an Ag substrate, and forming an AgCl layer on the AgI layer. In addition, the manufacturing method of the HCl sensing sensor element may further comprise a heat treatment step.

First, the pretreatment step is to cut the Ag plate to a suitable size using a cutter, and then polished with sandpaper, and then ultrasonically washed for 15 minutes in trichloroethylene, acetone, and ethyl alcohol solution, and then dried and pretreated.

The step of forming an AgI layer on the Ag substrate and the step of forming an AgCl layer on the AgI layer may be any one of a plating method, a deposition method, a dipping method, or two or more methods on the Ag substrate that have undergone the pretreatment process as described above. Using an approach, an AgI layer and an AgCl layer are laminated.

Next, a specimen in which an AgI layer is laminated on an Ag substrate will be described.

As shown in FIG. 4, the AgI / Ag specimen is divided into the Ag electrode substrate on the left side and the AgI layer having the yellow color on the right side. As shown in Figure 5, the surface shape of the AgI layer formed by electroplating was observed using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The AgI layer has a grain size ranging from 0.3 to 0.6 mu m. As shown in FIG. 6, the AgI / Ag specimen had a number of diffraction peaks due to AgI including peaks in an x-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern. These XRD results show that the AgI layer is easily formed on the Ag electrode substrate.

Next, a specimen in which an AgCl layer is stacked on an Ag substrate will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, the AgCl / Ag specimen is divided into an Ag electrode substrate on the left side and a portion in which an AgCl layer having a dark purple color on the right side is formed. As shown in FIG. 8, the surface shape of the AgCl layer was observed using an SEM, and an AgCl layer having particles in the range of 0.4 μm to 1.0 μm relatively larger than the AgI layer was formed. In addition, as shown in Figure 9, the AgCl / Ag specimens were observed a number of diffraction peaks by AgCl, including the peak in the x-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern. This XRD result shows that the AgCl layer is easily formed on the Ag electrode substrate similar to the Agl layer.

Next, a specimen in which an AgI layer and an AgCl layer are stacked on an Ag substrate will be described.

As shown in FIG. 10, the AgCl / AgI / Ag specimen has a deep purple color similar to that of the AgCl / Ag specimen because the AgCl layer is located at the top.

As shown in Figure 11 and 12, the method for evaluating the AgCl / AgI / Ag specimens are made of AgCl / AgI / Ag specimens, and then polished one side with a sandpapaer, Ag paste on the plated and polished surface Connect Ag wire using. Connect two strands of Ag wire to the plated surface and connect two strands of Ag wire to the polished surface to complete the sensor element. Heat treatment is performed to evaporate the solvent present in the Ag paste, and final heat treatment is performed in the electric furnace to increase the mechanical stability of the sensor element.

The AgCl / AgI / Ag sensor device fabricated as described above evaluates HCl sensing characteristics using an open circuit voltage (OCV) measurement system.

In one embodiment, the OCV measurement system consists of a multi-channel potentiostat and a PC for control. In addition, the OCV measurement system connects four Ag wires connected to the AgCl / AgI / Ag sensor elements to the terminals of the multichannel electrochemical analyzer using wires, and is heated by a hot plate and supplied to the HCl supply from the HCl gas supply device. The voltage difference between the plated and polished surfaces is measured to determine whether the AgCl / AgI / Ag sensor element senses HCl.

As shown in FIG. 14, when the AgCl / AgI / Ag sensor device is connected to a multichannel electrochemical analyzer and HCl gas is supplied, OCV is measured. As a result of the measurement, the OCV of the sensor element changes with the passage of time. After 25 seconds, the heating of the sensor element was started using a hot plate. After about 51 seconds, when the AgCl / AgI / Ag sensor element was heated to a sufficient temperature, the OCV increased by 0.2 mV compared to the initial state. In the case of heating the sensor element, the phase of AgI constituting the sensor element transitions to a phase with relatively high electrical conductivity, thereby changing the OCV. After 75 seconds, when HCl gas was supplied to the sensor element, the OCV increased by 0.2 mV from about 85 seconds. While the HCl gas is continuously supplied, about 0.2 mV of OCV is maintained, and after 200 seconds when the supply of HCl gas is cut off, the OCV is reduced again. These results indicate that the Cl ₂ gas generated from the HCl gas supplied to the AgCl / AgI / Ag sensor device reacts with AgCl, which is a sensing material present in the sensor device, to change the electromotive force.

Therefore, the HCl sensing sensor element of the present invention exhibits a characteristic in which the electromotive force changes in response to HCl, and upon optimization based on these characteristics, a commercial sensor element can be manufactured in which the sensing characteristic is sensitively changed according to HCl concentration. You can conclude.

In conclusion, the present invention has developed a technique for detecting hydrogen chloride (HCl) as an urea technique for evaluating the thermal stability of organic compounds. A sensor device based on Ag-based solid electrolyte was fabricated. The fabricated HCl sensing sensor device used a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) to analyze solid electrolytes and electrode materials. The heat treatment temperature and time of the HCl sensing sensor element had a great influence on the mechanical stability of the sensor element. In addition, a four-terminal sensor device capable of evaluating HCl sensing characteristics using a multichannel electrochemical analyzer was fabricated. As a result of measuring the open circuit voltage of the sensor element by supplying HCl gas, the sensor element exhibited a characteristic of changing electromotive force in response to HCl. The proposed sensor element structure is suitable for the detection of HCl, and it is possible to commercialize the solid electrolyte-based sensor element whose sensitivity is sensitively changed according to the HCl concentration based on the completed prototype device. The conclusion can be drawn.

In one embodiment, in order to manufacture a high-sensitivity fire detection sensor with a high sensitivity and rapid reaction rate by the catalytic action, the electrical resistance change of the sensor reacting with HCl gas is detected by direct conversion method and a nanoporous structure line type conductive thin film is added.

For example, after forming a conductive thin film on the AgCl layer, a gas sensing layer surrounding the conductive thin film pattern is formed.

An electrode pair for supplying power to the gas sensing layer is formed on the substrate. The conductive thin film pattern serves as a catalyst for promoting a reaction between the gas detection layer and a predetermined gas to be detected.

In one embodiment, the sensor comprises an AgI layer formed on an Ag substrate and an AgCl layer formed on the AgI layer, and the nanoporous structure line type conductive thin film catalyst thin film pattern formed on the AgCl layer (hereinafter referred to as conductive thin film pattern). ) Includes, for example, platinum (Pt), iridium (Ir), ruthenium (Ru), tungsten (W), titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al), palladium (Pd), chromium (Cr) or alloys thereof can do.

Alternatively, the nanoporous structure line type conductive thin film catalyst thin film pattern is an example of ruthenium oxide (RuO 2), iridium oxide (IrO 2), lanthanum nickel oxide (LaNiO 3), lanthanum strontium manganese oxide (La (SrMn) O 3), strontium ruthenium oxide ( SrRuO3) or compounds thereof.

The conductive thin film pattern may serve as a catalyst for promoting a sensing reaction to HCl gas.

The conductive thin film pattern may be applied with a corresponding material which can catalyze a predetermined gas sensing film.

The conductive thin film pattern may form a conductive thin film and pattern the conductive thin film.

The conductive thin film pattern may be disposed parallel to the electrode pair.

That is, the conductive thin film pattern may be disposed so that when the electrons conduct along the conduction path between the pair of electrodes, the electrons alternately conduct in the gas sensing layer and the conductive thin film pattern.

The gas detection layer may be formed by depositing a thin film on the conductive thin film pattern. The gas detection layer may have a thickness such that oxygen or a gas to be detected introduced from the outside may diffuse through the gas detection layer to sufficiently reach the conductive thin film pattern.

Specifically, the thickness of the gas sensing layer may be determined such that the height of the gas sensing layer from the upper surface of the conductive thin film pattern is sufficiently thinly adjusted.

The gas sensing film may include, for example, tin oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, iron oxide, or the like.

The electrode pair may be disposed on the gas sensing layer so that the electrode pair may apply power to the gas sensing layer to generate a potential difference in the gas sensing layer.

The electrode pair may be formed from known commercially available conductive materials.

According to this embodiment, the electrical conductivity of the gas detection film is changed when the gas to be detected in contact with the surface of the gas detection film.

As an example, when tin oxide is used as the gas sensing layer, the tin oxide may be a compound including oxygen vacancies in the stoichiometric lack of oxygen atoms.

At this time, when thermal energy is applied from the outside, electrons in the oxygen vacancy in the tin oxide may move from their own energy level to the conduction band energy level. At this time, the electrons moved to the conduction band energy level may act as conduction electrons conducting in the gas sensing film which is the tin oxide.

Therefore, the tin oxide may retain the properties of an N-type semiconductor material capable of conducting electrons. However, when oxygen gas is adsorbed to the tin oxide from the outside, the conductive electrons may be captured by the adsorbed oxygen gas, thereby reducing the electrical conductivity of the tin oxide.

The gas sensor utilizes a phenomenon in which the electrical conductivity of the tin oxide is restored by surface reaction with the tin oxide when a reducing gas, which is a sensing target gas, is introduced into the tin oxide on which oxygen is adsorbed. The reducing gas may remove the oxygen adsorbed on the tin oxide, and at this time, the conduction electrons trapped in the oxygen may move back into the tin oxide and conduct the conduction. Thus, the electrical conductivity of the tin oxide can be increased.

As the gas sensing film, tin oxide generates a difference in electrical conductivity when and when a reducing gas is not introduced, and the gas sensor can detect the reducing gas, which is a gas to be detected, using the difference.

The above-described conductive thin film pattern may serve as a catalyst for promoting a sensing reaction between the gas to be detected and the tin oxide as the gas sensing film.

According to an embodiment, the conductive thin film pattern as a catalyst may increase the reaction rate of the tin oxide and the reducing gas when the reducing gas as the sensing target gas is introduced into the tin oxide.

As an example, a decomposition reaction of the reducing gas and a bonding reaction between the decomposed gas species and oxygen in the tin oxide may be promoted on the conductive thin film pattern.

Thereby, the desorption of the oxygen from the tin oxide can be promoted. As a result, the response speed and sensitivity of the gas sensor can be increased.

In the above description, tin oxide has been described as an example of the gas sensing film, but other various kinds of materials in which electrical conductivity is changed may be applied to the gas sensing film in a manner similar to that described above.

In the exemplary embodiment of the present application, the catalyst is disposed in the gas sensing layer as a bulk conductive thin film pattern, not in the form of a dispersed phase in the gas sensing layer.

Therefore, it is possible to prevent the catalyst from locally deteriorating in the gas sensing film as compared with being present in the dispersed phase.

In addition, the bulk conductive thin film pattern provides a fast conduction path of charged carriers between the electrode pairs.

That is, the introduction of the gas to be detected increases the conduction electrons that are charged carriers in the gas sensing layer, and the conduction electrons conduct between the electrode pairs.

At this time, since the conductive thin film pattern is formed of a conductive material, the conductive electrons may mainly conduct through the conductive thin film pattern having higher electrical conductivity than the surroundings.

When the conductive thin film pattern is adopted, the electrical conductivity of the gas sensing layer can be relatively increased when the gas to be detected is provided, and the gas to be detected is characterized by HCl gas, which can increase the response speed and sensitivity. Nano-porous structure line type conductive thin film early fire detection sensor and early fire detection terminal using a direct conversion method characterized in that the sensor detects the HCl gas generated by the deterioration of the conductor insulating material before generation.

As an example, the precision of the fine dust indicator value and the HCl gas concentration indicator value may be calculated to improve the accuracy of the early detection sensor.

The electrical fire pre-sensing apparatus includes a fine dust sensor unit and a control unit.

The fine dust sensor unit is disposed inside the metal box to detect fine dust of organic matter generated by heat generation in unit time, and calculates a fine dust index value including at least one of the size, number and concentration of the fine dust.

The metal box may include electrical equipment such as a high voltage switchgear, a low voltage switchgear, a power board, or a distribution board for supplying power. The metal box may be made of a metal material, and may be made of a fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) material.

The interior of the metal box includes an electrical installation for supplying power, and includes an organic material that is electrically insulated. Insulators made of organic materials have a risk of fire when overheated due to structural defects, poor location, poor construction, old equipment, poor handling, or poor contact.

The present invention is a structural defect, poor location, poor construction, old equipment, poor handling or poor contact due to heat generated by organic matter, temperature rises, smoke occurs, smoke generated fine dust in the metal box Phosphorus fine particles increase, so detect the fine dust and check the electrical fire signs.

When organic matter is combusted, carbon dust-based fine dust such as methane, alcohol, benzene and phenol is mainly generated, and gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, BHT gas, chlorine and ethylene are generated.

The fine dust sensor unit may detect a carbon compound from organic matter as target fine dust.

The organic material is a material containing carbon (C) and includes at least one of a sheathed wire, a tube, a terminal block, and a conductor support.

The wire is an insulating coating material that insulates and wraps the current-carrying conductor.The tube is an insulating coating material that easily insulates the conductor, including the terminal, which is a crimped terminal made of copper, to connect the end of the wire to the conductor that supplies electricity. It is an insulation coating material which fixes the conductor connected using the terminal.

 The conductor support may be filled with the same material as that of the thermoplastic material or the insulation of the conductor in the bolt and nut or the hole formed in the bolt fixing the connection terminal between the conductors.

Filling material of the same material as the thermoplastic material or the insulator may be inserted and filled into a hole formed in the head and body portion of the bolt, may be filled between the connection portion of the conductor and the bolt fixing the connection portion, formed in the nut Can be filled in the hole.

The fine dust sensor unit may detect fine dust using one of a light scattering method, a beta ray absorption method, and a capacitance method.

The light scattering method-based fine dust sensor unit measures the amount of scattered light using the principle that the collided light is scattered in various directions when light is irradiated to fine dust, and calculates the fine dust index value from the measured amount of light. have.

The light scattering method-based fine dust sensor unit includes a light irradiator, a light detector, and a light calculator.

The light irradiator irradiates light from one side of the metal box, and the light detector detects light scattered by particles of fine dust from the other side of the metal box and converts the light into an electrical signal.

The optical calculator calculates the fine dust index value by averaging at least one of the size, number, and concentration of fine dust in unit time from the converted electrical signal.

The fine dust sensor unit based on the beta ray absorption method measures the amount of beta rays by using the principle that the larger the mass of fine dust is absorbed when the beta ray, which is radiation, passes through the fine dust, and calculates the fine dust index value from the beta ray measurement value. can do.

The fine dust sensor unit of the beta ray absorption method includes a beta ray irradiation unit, a beta ray measuring unit, and a beta ray calculating unit.

The beta ray irradiation unit irradiates light from one side of the metal box, the beta ray measuring unit measures the amount of beta rays absorbed through the fine dust, and the beta ray calculation unit counts the amount of beta rays to calculate fine dust index values.

The fine dust sensor unit of the capacitance type may measure the concentration of fine dust by measuring a change in capacitance appearing when fine dust reaches and adsorbs or passes through the electrode.

The capacitive fine dust sensor unit includes a substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a capacitance measuring unit.

The substrate is formed with pores through which fine dust passes, the first electrode is formed on one surface of the substrate, and the second electrode is formed on one surface of the substrate with a gap between the first electrode.

The capacitance measuring unit is connected to the first electrode and the second electrode to measure the capacitance formed between the first electrode and the second electrode when the current is applied, and calculates a fine dust index value from the measured capacitance.

The control unit analyzes the change amount of the fine dust indicator value in unit time to determine the presence or absence of the electric fire. For example, the controller may determine the electric fire sign by comparing the fine dust indicator value and the fine dust threshold value indicating the indicator of the electric fire. The fine dust threshold is divided into safety, caution, danger, and power cut threshold ranges to represent an indicator of electric fire.

The control unit compares the fine dust index value and the fine dust threshold value and generates a control command for the index of the corresponding electric fire.

The control unit provides a control command to a power breaker, an alarm, a warning light, a management server, or an administrator terminal. For example, the control unit may transmit a control signal for the control command to cut off the power supply to the power breaker included in the metal box, and transmits an alarm signal or a warning signal for the control command to an alarm or light lamp included in the metal box. Can be. The controller may transmit message information on a control command to the management server or the manager terminal through the wired / wireless communication module.

The electric fire pre-sensing device using the fine dust of the present invention further includes a gas sensor unit for preventing a malfunction of the electric fire detection.

The gas sensor unit calculates a gas concentration index value according to the gas concentration of the organic material generated by the heat generation.

The gas sensor unit includes a gas detector, an amplifier, and an A / D converter.

The visible detector operates on an electrochemical basis and detects a change in resistance according to a gas concentration and measures the change in current. The current variation may be an analog signal series.

The amplifier unit amplifies the current change amount, and the A / D converter converts the amplified current change amount into a gas concentration index value that is a digital signal.

The gas sensor unit detects at least one of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, BHT gas, chlorine, and ethylene, which are generated by the heat generation, as a target gas.

The control unit compares the gas concentration index value with the gas concentration threshold value indicating the index of the electric fire to determine the electrical fire signs.

The controller may control the operation of the gas sensor unit in four control schemes.

<Control Method According to the First Embodiment>

The present invention uses the fine dust sensor to determine the signs of the electric fire. According to the present invention, when the electrical fire signs are determined in the sealed metal box, only the fine dust sensor unit may be used to accurately determine the electrical fire signs.

<Control Method According to Second Embodiment>

The present invention is to determine the electrical fire signs using the fine dust sensor unit, by using a gas sensor additionally to prevent the malfunction of the fine dust sensor unit.

The control unit analyzes the fine dust index value and controls the gas sensor unit to be operated when it is determined to be an electric fire sign, thereby preventing malfunction of the fine dust sensor unit. For example, the control unit receives the gas concentration indicator value from the gas sensor unit, compares the gas concentration indicator value and the gas concentration threshold value again to determine the electrical fire signs, the fine dust sensor by referring to the determination result by the gas concentration Prevent negative malfunctions.

<Control Method According to the Third Embodiment>

The present invention operates the fine dust sensor unit and the gas sensor unit at the same time to improve the detection accuracy for the electrical fire signs.

The controller controls the fine dust sensor unit and the gas sensor unit to operate simultaneously in consideration of the accuracy of the electric fire detection.

The controller analyzes the fine dust indicator value and the gas indicator value in unit time to determine the electric fire sign.

<Control method according to the fourth embodiment>

The present invention detects an electric fire in stages by distinguishing and detecting a target gas for determining an electric fire sign and a target gas for determining an electric fire occurrence.

The gas sensor unit detects a BHT gas for determining an electric fire sign as a target and detects hydrogen chloride for determining an electric fire as a target.

The control unit controls the fine dust sensor unit and the gas sensor unit in a control manner according to the third embodiment, and if it is determined that the electrical fire is a sign, it may control the operation of the gas sensor unit to detect hydrogen chloride for determining the occurrence of the electrical fire. .

The controller independently controls the fine dust sensor unit to operate, analyzes the change amount of the fine dust indicator value to determine the electric fire sign, and if it is determined to be the electric fire sign, controls the gas sensor unit to operate and analyzes the change amount of hydrogen chloride The occurrence of electric fire can be determined.

The control unit detects the BHT gas for re-identifying the electric fire sign as the target when it is determined to be an electric fire sign through the change amount of the fine dust indicator value, and operates the gas sensor unit to detect hydrogen chloride for the target for the occurrence of the electric fire target. Can be controlled.

That is, the present invention can accurately determine the electrical fire signs when the fine dust and BHT gas is detected, and can accurately determine the occurrence of the electric fire when all the fine dust, BHT gas and hydrogen chloride are detected.

In addition, the present invention can accurately determine the occurrence of the electric fire when fine dust and hydrogen chloride is detected. For example, the present invention may occur when the BHT gas of an organic substance generated by low temperature heat generation is extinguished over time and thus may not be detected, so that only fine dust and hydrogen chloride may be detected to accurately determine the occurrence of an electric fire. have.

Hereinafter, the reason for detecting the BHT gas as a target when determining the signs of an electrical fire and the reason for detecting the hydrogen chloride when determining the occurrence of an electrical fire through the analysis of pyrolysis gas chromatography will be described.

18 to 20 show examples of analysis results of pyrolysis gas chromatography on wires, and FIGS. 21 to 23 show examples of analysis results of pyrolysis gas chromatography on tubes. It is an example showing the analysis result of pyrolysis gas chromatography on a terminal block.

Pyrolysis gas chromatography analysis analyzes the components of gas generated from insulation coating materials such as wires, tubes, and terminal blocks when heat is generated in the metal box, and pyrolyzes for 10 minutes at a predetermined temperature using a pyrolyzer. It is made under the conditions, gas chromatography is performed at a temperature increase rate of 10 ℃ / min in 50 ℃ to 320 ℃ section, a capillary column consisting of a fixed phase of 5% disphenly and 95% dimethylpolysiloxane is used.

Insulating coatings such as electric wires, tubes, and terminal blocks include thermoplastic materials that plastically deform upon application of heat.

Referring to FIGS. 18 to 20, the electric wire has a difference in gas generation amount according to temperature changes such as 70 ° C., 80 ° C., and 100 ° C., but the types of gas are similar. The propylcyclopentane was generated mainly in 8.8 components and BHT gas was produced in 13.3 components. BHT gas is an additive compounded as an antioxidant in a thermoplastic material, and may come out as a gas at an elevated temperature.

Referring to FIGS. 21 to 23, the amount of gas generated tends to increase greatly with temperature changes such as 70 ° C., 80 ° C., and 100 ° C., but the types of gas are similar. The gas mainly produced benzyl alcohol in 5-6 minutes, BHT gas in 13.2, and BHT-quinone-methide, a BHT denaturation, in 12.8. benzyl alcohol is one of the substances used as organic solvents.

24 to 26, the terminal block generated little gas at 100 ° C. and 130 ° C., and generated various kinds of gases at 150 ° C. FIG. Phenol-based substances were mainly generated in 10.2, 13.2, and 17.2 components, and high boiling aliphatic hydrocarbons were generated in 10.3, 11.7, 14.2, 16.4, 18.5, and 20.3 components, respectively. It was. The phenolic material may be due to an antioxidant such as BHT, or may be due to gasification of the phenolic resin material.

In the above-described gas chromatography analysis, the wires, tubes, and terminal blocks differ in the kind and amount of gases generated at different temperatures, but all of the BHT gases generated by organic materials including thermoplastics are generated.

The present invention can detect the sign of the electric fire by detecting the BHT gas generated by the organic material as a target.

FIG. 27 is an example showing an analysis result of pyrolysis gas chromatography on a PVC shrink tube, and FIG. 28 is an example showing an analysis result of pyrolysis gas chromatography on a PVC insulation cap.

Pyrolysis gas chromatographic analysis analyzes the components of gas generated from PVC shrink tube and PVC insulation cap when heat is generated in the metal box, and pyrolyzers are used for pyrolyzing at a predetermined temperature for 10 minutes. Capillary consisting of 5% disphenly and 95% dimethylpolysiloxane in a fixed phase of gas chromatography, gas chromatography at a temperature increase rate of 10 ° C./min at a temperature range of 50 ° C. to 320 ° C. Columns are used.

Referring to FIG. 27, the gas of the PVC shrinkage tube mainly produced hydrogen chloride (dotted circle) in three components, dibutyltin dibromide in 14.48 components, fatty acids in 18.47 and 20.33 components, and hexanedioic acid in 22.34 components. Bis ester was generated and bis phthalate was generated in the 23.58 component.

Referring to FIG. 28, the gas of the PVC insulating cap mainly generated hydrogen chloride at 2.5 minutes, l-hexadecanol at 17.62, diisooctyl phthalate and dioctyl terephthalate at 23.53 and 25.08, and terephthalic acid at 26.23. And 2-ethylhexyl nonyl ester.

In the aforementioned gas chromatography analysis, the PVC shrink tube and the PVC insulating cap included in the organic material have different types and amounts of gases generated at high temperature, but all of the hydrogen chloride generated by the organic material is generated.

The present invention can detect the hydrogen chloride generated by the organic material as a target to determine the occurrence of the electric fire.

The present invention detects the BHT gas generated in the temperature range of the high temperature to the target to determine the electric fire signs, and by detecting the hydrogen chloride generated in the high temperature temperature target as the target to determine the occurrence of the electric fire. For example, the gas sensor unit may detect a BHT gas generated in a temperature band around 100 ° C. as a target, and detect hydrogen chloride generated in a temperature band around 250 ° C. as a target.

The malfunction prevention method of the electric fire pre-sensing device calculates a fine dust index value generated by heat generation in the fine dust sensor unit disposed inside the metal box.

After calculating the fine dust indicator value, the control unit analyzes the change amount of the fine dust indicator value in unit time to determine the electrical fire signs. For example, the controller may determine the electric fire sign by comparing the fine dust indicator value and the fine dust threshold value indicating the indicator of the electric fire. The fine dust threshold is divided into safety, caution, danger, and power cut threshold ranges to represent an indicator of electric fire.

The control unit checks each other and signs of electric fire for the fine dust and the gas by referring to the gas concentration index value detected by the gas sensor unit detecting the gas inside the metal box, and prevents the malfunction of the fine dust sensor unit. For example, when the indicator of the electric fire using gas is determined to be a danger or an electric fire, the controller determines that the fine dust sensor unit operates normally, and includes the control signal for controlling the control command to cut off the power supply. An alarm signal or a warning signal for a control command may be transmitted to an alarm breaker or a warning lamp included in a metal box. The controller may transmit message information on a control command to the management server or the manager terminal through the wired / wireless communication module.

For example, when the indicator of the electric fire using gas is determined to be safe or caution, the controller may determine that the fine dust sensor is malfunctioning and transmit message information on the malfunction to the management server or the manager terminal.

The electric fire detection method of the electric fire pre-sensing device using the fine dust, the electric fire detection method of the electric fire pre-sensing device calculates the fine dust index value of the organic matter generated by the heat generation in the fine dust sensor unit, the gas sensor unit The gas concentration index value of the organic matter is calculated.

The gas sensor unit may be operated simultaneously with the fine dust sensor unit to calculate a gas concentration index value for improving the accuracy of discrimination of electrical fire signs, and operate after the fine dust is detected to prevent malfunction of the fine dust sensor unit. The concentration index value can be calculated.

The gas sensor unit detects the BHT gas as a target for discriminating the electric fire signs.

After calculating the indicator value, the control unit analyzes the fine dust indicator value and gas concentration indicator value in unit time to determine the electric fire signs. For example, the control unit compares the fine dust indicator value and the fine dust threshold value, compares the gas concentration indicator value and the gas concentration threshold value, and analyzes each of the compared indicator values to determine the electrical fire signs, thereby detecting each sensor. This can prevent malfunctions or improve the accuracy of electrical fire detection.

If it is determined that the electric fire signs, the gas sensor unit detects hydrogen chloride to determine the occurrence of the electric fire as a target.

A microprocessor is a TTL or CMOS IC that operates only on certain characteristics, but a microprocessor allows administrators to inject programs into the processor to achieve their desired operating characteristics. They can issue instructions and receive specific instructions just like a computer's CPU. It is automatically controlled according to the determined processor map, and can be replaced in the form of Universal Serial Bus (USB) or Peripheral Component Interconnect Board (PCI) equipped with a microprocessor (or Micro Control Unit (MCU)). .

The one-time password (OTP) authentication security generated through the physical object authentication PUF (Phisycally Unclonable Function) chip and the QRNG (Quantum Random Number Generator) generating natural random number is the best security that cannot be hacked by a quantum computer. Have

PIN (Personal Identification Number) data is extracted from the PUF chip through the process deviation that occurs in the semiconductor manufacturing process related to the generation and distribution of security keys using a very small PUC (Physically Unclonable Function) Chip and a Quantum Random Number Generator (QNGN) Chip. A symmetric key (decryption key) is generated, and an symmetric key (decryption key) is generated by encrypting the symmetric key (decryption key) through a random quantum random number generated through QRNG.

If the data measured by the sensor is encrypted with an asymmetric key (encryption key), the data measured by the original sensor can be restored through the symmetric key (decryption key).

In performing the IoT communication between the devices, the device itself performing the IoT communication may generate and retain a secure PIN or password by itself, and perform knowledge-based authentication.

For this knowledge-based authentication, the device may include physical unclonable functions (PUFs) that are robust against external security attacks but generate random, unique PINs.

According to one embodiment, the PUF generates a PIN that can be used as an authentication key for knowledge-based authentication. This PIN may be a random digital value generated by process variations occurring during the PUF manufacturing process.

In addition, this PIN may be a time-invariant digital value that is generated once and its value does not change with the surrounding environment. Since the PIN is not exposed to the outside, according to an embodiment, it is possible to prevent a security threat to the authentication scheme of the device.

When the device performs the IoT communication with another device through the communication interface, the authentication unit may receive the PIN generated by the PUF to perform knowledge-based authentication.

In a security authentication according to an embodiment, the device may include a secret key module and a private key module. Here, at least one of the secret key module and the private key module may include a PUF.

According to one embodiment, each of the secret key module and the private key module has its own unique PUF, and each PUF has a secret key and a private key from the physical characteristics themselves. Since the secret key and / or private key may be expressed as a PIN in the following description, a PIN may be understood as a concept including without excluding any secret key or private key used for security authentication of a device.

PUF is a circuit that generates different function values even when fabricated with the same design drawing using characteristic deviations generated by process variations, and in some embodiments, a PIN of an IoT communication device is generated and provided. Strictly, it can be seen that the PIN is generated using the digital value itself, not by the physical characteristics of the PUF.

For example, a value obtained from an external trusted source may be used as a seed, and a value obtained by encrypting an original digital value generated by the PUF may be used as the PIN.

In this process, according to an embodiment, a method of inserting the digital value V _PUF provided by the _PUF into the seed and the hash function is used. Therefore, the finally used PIN value may be Hash (V _PUF || Seed).

According to this embodiment, the PIN can be easily changed by changing only the seed value when the private key is leaked in any path, thereby improving safety and convenience.

However, the generation of such a PIN value is only some embodiments, and the embodiments include both a case in which the digital value itself generated by the PUF is used as the PIN and a case in which the value separately processed for the PUF is used as the PIN. Hereinafter, even if the process of generating a new PIN by processing the digital value generated by the PUF is not mentioned one by one, the contents should be understood including all of these embodiments.

On the other hand, since the PUF has an unpredictable random value, it can be used to determine the PIN of the device, and by using this, it is possible to prevent the problem of pre-leakage of the PIN that may occur when generated, injected, and stored in the memory.

In addition, since the PUF is physically impossible to duplicate, it can also eliminate the possibility that the PIN number of the device is leaked or duplicated afterwards.

In addition, the PIN value generated by the PUF is excellent in randomness and in the embodiments, it is reliable that the value generated once does not change with time.

According to an embodiment, the serial number storage unit stores a serial number as a unique value of a device provided by a factory in a manufacturing process of the device, and a unique serial number of the device from a factory as an I / O. Entered into the device via the interface, the first one-not necessarily once per policy, but can only be specified once for security reasons-is extracted from the secret key module to the outside with factory or administrative privileges Can be.

And, according to one embodiment, the device may include a fuse. In this embodiment, the fuse unit physically blocks the connection between the secret key module and the I / O interface after the first secret key extraction described above, which is irreversible.

Then, only the secret key extracted once once can be safely managed by a subject having management authority, and it is impossible to newly extract the secret key of the device after the blocking of the fuse unit. This is because the secret key module is implemented by the PUF and cannot be replicated physically, and it is impossible or very difficult to extract the secret key by various reverse engineering including a power analysis attack.

According to an embodiment, the apparatus may include a private key module for generating a private key to be used in a public key encryption / decryption communication scheme, and the private key module may provide a private key by a PUF separate from the secret key module. .

The private key generated and provided by this private key module is physically isolated from the outside and is not extracted from the device manufacturing to distribution and use. Of course, for the same reason as the secret key module described above, it is impossible to artificially leak private keys by physical attack.

Accordingly, the external leakage of the private key provided by the private key module does not occur, and thus device authentication is possible through a PIN generated by the device itself in M2M.

According to an embodiment, the public key generator generates a public key for use by the device in the public key encryption / decryption communication scheme by using the private key generated by the private key module, which is stored in the public key storage. do. The public key storage unit may be a non-volatile memory according to an embodiment as a means for storing the generated public key.

Of course, the public key storage unit may be selectively employed, and in another embodiment, the public key storage unit may read the public key generated whenever authentication is required without the public key storage unit.

The encryption / decryption processor may be understood as a crypto-coprocessor which performs normal data encryption and decryption, and a configuration of transmitting and receiving actual encrypted data with the outside in a communication network is a communication interface.

According to an embodiment, the first extracted secret key is identified to be a legitimate entity when exchanging a public key with a certification authority (CA), which is a management authority authorized to perform secure communication with a device. Used only as a means of doing so.

That is, the secret key, which is extracted once, is used for the first time but is not directly used for decryption. Instead, the secret key is used only in the process of sending the public key to the outside through secret key encryption, thereby ensuring double security. Therefore, the private key used for actual device authentication is never exposed to the outside.

Hereinafter, a process of manufacturing a device in a factory, a process of distributing or distributing a device, a process of exchanging a public key through a secret key communication method while being actually used, and actually communicating with a CA or another device by verifying the validity of each other The process to be performed will be described in detail below.

First, the difference adopted in the embodiments of the PUF implementation is described in comparison with the conventional PUF implementations, and then described as an example of the specific implementation.

Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) can provide unpredictable digital values. Individual PUFs are given the correct manufacturing process, and even if manufactured in the same process, the digital values provided by the individual PUFs are different.

Accordingly, the PUF may be referred to as Physical One-Way Function practically impossible to be duplicated (POWF), and may also be referred to as a Physical Random Function (PRF).

Such a PUF may be used to generate cryptographic keys for security and / or authentication. For example, PUF may be used to provide a unique key to distinguish devices from one another.

Conventionally, in order to implement such a PUF, coating PUFs have been implemented using particles doped randomly on the top layer of the IC, and generally used in hardware chips such as latches. Process variation in the CMOS devices used has led to the recent implementation of butterfly PUFs that can be implemented in FPGAs.

However, in order to be reliable so that applications utilizing PUF for PIN generation can be commercialized, the physical non-replicability of the PUF circuit itself, the randomness of generated PIN values, and the value of a generated PIN do not change over time. All time invariances shall be guaranteed.

However, most conventional PUF circuits have difficulty in commercialization because at least one of randomness and time invariant of values to be satisfied as PUF or PRF has not been guaranteed.

PUF used in the embodiments can solve this conventional problem and ensure time invariability and randomness at a very reliable level, but can be generated at a very low cost in the semiconductor manufacturing process.

According to one embodiment, in order to satisfy the randomness and time-invariance of the PIN generated by the PUF at the same time, a random value is generated using randomness based on whether there is a short circuit between nodes existing in the semiconductor process.

According to an embodiment, a PUF has a size that is less than a design rule that is sure whether a contact or via is used in the process to electrically connect between conductive layers in a semiconductor chip. To be randomly determined. In other words, it intentionally violates the design rule to generate a random PIN value.

Since the new PUF circuit is composed of a very simple short circuit, no additional circuitry or in-process process is required, and a special measuring device is not necessary, so it can be easily implemented. And because the process characteristics are used, the stability can be satisfied while maintaining the randomness of the values.

PUF generation according to an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 16.

In the semiconductor manufacturing process, vias are formed between the metal 1 layer 302 and the metal 2 layer 301.

In the group 310 in which the via size is sufficiently large according to the design rule, all vias are shorting the metal 1 layer 302 and the metal 2 layer 301, and all of the vias are zero when expressed as digital values.

On the other hand, in the group 330 in which the via size is too small, all the vias do not short the metal 1 layer 302 and the metal 2 layer 301. Therefore, if digital value is expressed as short circuit, it is all 1.

And, in group 320 with via sizes between group 310 and 330, some vias short the metal 1 layer 302 and metal 2 layer 301, and some of the vias are metal 1. The layer 302 and the metal 2 layer 301 are not shorted.

According to an embodiment, the identification key generation unit, as in the group 320, some of the vias short the metal 1 layer 302 and the metal 2 layer 301, and some of the vias are connected to the metal 1 layer 302. The via size is set so that the metal 2 layer 301 is not shorted.

The design rule for the via size is different depending on the semiconductor manufacturing process. For example, the design rule of the via is set to 0.25 micron in a Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process of 0.18 micron (um). In the identification key generation unit, the via size is set to 0.19 micron so that the presence or absence of a short circuit between the metal layers is probabilistic.

Ideally, the probability distribution of such a short circuit should have a short probability of 50%, and the secret key module and the private key module according to an embodiment are configured by setting the via size so that the probability distribution is as close to 50% as possible. Such via size setting may be performed by experiment according to a specific specific semiconductor process.

This embodiment eliminates the need for tamper-resistance to counteract physical attacks by providing the PUF with private or private keys to ensure randomness and invariability.

Tamper-resistance, which is mainly used in cryptographic modules to deal with physical attacks such as depackaging, layout analysis, and memory attacks, prevents the device from functioning normally by erasing the contents of the storage device. Protect the contents of the inside.

In addition, since the PUF according to the embodiment is very difficult to separate and observe each cell therein, it is almost impossible to select the PUF cell and observe the value within the chip of tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of gates.

In addition, since some PUFs are determined only when they are operated in a power-on state, if some of the chips are damaged during the depacking process, such as physical attack, the values will be different from the usual values. Is very difficult.

Therefore, the present invention can provide a private key and a private key that maintains randomness and time immutability while maintaining a robust configuration against physical attack without requiring additional costs such as tamper resistance.

The present invention generates a PIN that can be used as an authentication key for security authentication, and this PIN is a time-invariant digital value whose value does not change according to the surrounding environment after being generated once. As it is not exposed as a security protocol, quantum security technology is applied to security based on PUF, which can prevent security threats to the authentication scheme of devices (terminals). Have differentiation.

For example,

As illustrated in FIG. 17, the PUF PIN data generator 1 and the quantum random number generator 2 may be manufactured in a USB type.

For example,

The sensor further comprises an error correction detector and a drain lead wire connected to the Ag layer of the sensor and a ground lead wire connected to the AgI layer and a collector connected to the AgCl layer as shown in FIG. It consists of a lead wire.

The voltage applied to the collector lead wire and the drain lead wire transmits voltage and current variation data generated from the change of the gas detector film resistance according to the reactant gas to the error correction detector.

The ground lead wire is connected to the ground terminal via an error correction detector.

The error correction detector measures the voltage difference between the collector lead wire and the drain lead wire, and transmits the measured voltage difference to a control unit inside the switchboard low voltage plate.

The error correction detector generates either a normal event in which a normal current is not energized to the ground lead wire, or an error correction data event in which the current is energized.

In particular, the amount of conduction current is measured on the ground lead wire and transmitted to the control unit inside the switchboard low voltage plate.

If only resistance change is caused by HCl gas, ground lead wire is not energized but ground lead wire is generated by change of temperature and humidity, oxidation of gas detection film, and oxidation of conductive thin film pattern. It is a nano-porous structure line type conductive thin film early fire detection sensor using a direct conversion method characterized by detecting the current change amount and transmitting the event data to the control unit.

Hereinafter will be described in detail through an embodiment.

The sensor is configured to include an AgI layer formed on an Ag substrate and an AgCl layer formed on the AgI layer. The sensor detects an HCl gas generated by deterioration of a conductor insulating material before an electric fire is generated.

The low speed random number generator includes a low speed random number source generator and a PUF chip, generates a terminal symmetric encryption key through the low speed random number source generator, and uses a terminal asymmetric encryption key in the terminal symmetric encryption key through the PIN data of the PUF chip. The key is encrypted and generated, and the PIN data is stored in the platform memory of the high-speed random number generator in the secure platform connected to the network.

The terminal is composed of a Modem Chip, MCU, Power Amp, Sensor, the low-speed terminal random number generator, the Sensor detects the HCl gas and early fire alarm, and transmits the HCl gas detection data to the MCU.

The MCU amplifies the terminal asymmetric encryption key, MAC Address data and the HCl gas detection data generated by the low-speed terminal random number generator in the power amplifier and transmits to the integrated control server through a modem chip, the integrated control server is the terminal asymmetry It transmits encryption key and MAC Address data to cloud server, and the high speed random number generator in the security platform is composed of high speed random number source generator and platform memory, and generates high speed symmetric encryption key through high speed random number source generator and platform memory. The high-speed asymmetric encryption key is encrypted and generated from the high-speed symmetric encryption key through the PIN data stored in the cloud data, and the high-speed symmetric encryption key and the high-speed asymmetric encryption key are transmitted to the cloud server. The high-speed asymmetric encryption key is transmitted with the key, and the terminal uses a terminal symmetric encryption key. And it decodes the high speed asymmetric cryptographic key encrypting the terminal asymmetric cryptographic key.

When the terminal transmits the terminal symmetric encryption key encrypted with the fast asymmetric encryption key to the cloud server, the cloud server decrypts the terminal symmetric encryption key with the fast symmetric encryption key, and the cloud server uses the fast symmetric encryption key encrypted with the terminal asymmetric encryption key as the terminal. When transmitting, the terminal decrypts the fast symmetric encryption key with the terminal symmetric encryption key, and if the terminal transmits the HCl gas detection data to the cloud server unidirectionally, the terminal encrypts and transmits the fast symmetric encryption key, and when the data is transmitted unidirectionally from the cloud server, When the fast tunneling data communication is terminated, the terminal symmetric encryption key and the fast symmetric encryption key that are generated by the random number generator are destroyed, but the fast tunneling data communication is terminated. Terminal-symmetric encryption keys generated by In high-speed tunneling data communication, before the symmetric encryption key is destroyed, the low speed local random number generator inside the cloud local server is configured to include the low speed local random number source generator and the low speed local pseudo random number generator. And generate a local asymmetric encryption key from the local symmetric encryption key through a low speed local pseudorandom number generator, the cloud local server sends the local asymmetric encryption key to the cloud server, and the cloud server encrypts it with a local asymmetric encryption key. The encryption key is sent to the cloud local server, the cloud local server decrypts the fast asymmetric encryption key encrypted with the local asymmetric encryption key, and the local asymmetric encryption encrypted with the fast asymmetric encryption key. Send key to cloud server, cloud server The fast symmetric encryption key and the terminal symmetric encryption key encrypted with the local asymmetric encryption key are transmitted to the cloud local server, and the cloud local server decrypts the fast symmetric encryption key and the terminal symmetric encryption key with the local symmetric encryption key, When the local symmetric encryption key encrypted with the key is transmitted to the terminal, the terminal decrypts the local symmetric encryption key encrypted with the terminal asymmetric encryption key through the terminal symmetric encryption key.

The cloud server, the cloud local server, and the terminal share the fast symmetric encryption key, the local symmetric encryption key, and the terminal symmetric encryption key with each other to perform 3 channel high speed tunneling data communication, and when the 3 channel high speed tunneling data communication ends, a high speed symmetric encryption key, Local symmetric encryption key, terminal symmetric encryption key, fast asymmetric encryption key, local asymmetric encryption key, terminal asymmetric encryption key are all early fire detection terminal, characterized in that extinction.

In one embodiment,

One-way transmission of HCl gas detection data in only one direction through single PIN data of non-replicated physical PUF Chip and one-time OTP quantum encryption key using random natural random number of quantum random number generator, compared to conventional security measures through a pair of VPNs The security measures are strengthened through the application of cryptographic keys, which enables bidirectional tunneling data communication only between the quantum terminal and the integrated control server.

The sensor is configured to include an AgI layer formed on an Ag substrate and an AgCl layer formed on the AgI layer. The sensor detects an HCl gas generated by deterioration of a conductor insulating material before an electric fire is generated.

The PUF chip is mounted on a quantum terminal, and the MCU inside the quantum terminal generates unique PIN data using physical process deviations generated during the manufacturing process, and the PIN data is stored in the integrated control server internal platform memory.

The integrated control server includes a quantum random number generator and a platform memory.

The quantum random number generator consists of a random number source generator, a quantum detection diode, a quantum random pulse generator, and a quantum random number controller.

The random number source emits quantum particles, the quantum detection diode detects quantum particles generated from the random number source generator, and the quantum random pulse generator detects quantum particle events from the quantum detection diode and corresponds to detection of quantum particles. Generate a random pulse, the quantum random number controller is composed of a microprocessor, generates a quantum random number with a random pulse random number source generated through the quantum random pulse generator to generate a symmetric encryption key, the PIN data stored in the platform memory Asymmetric encryption key is generated by encrypting symmetric encryption key.

The integrated control server sends an asymmetric encryption key to the MAC address of the quantum terminal modem chip.

The quantum terminal includes a modem chip, an MCU, a power amp, a PUF chip, and a sensor, and the MCU receives an asymmetric encryption key through the modem chip to measure the MAC address of the modem chip, the PIN data of the PUF chip, and the sensor. The HCl gas detection data is amplified by the asymmetric encryption key in the power amp and transmitted to the integrated control server through the modem chip.

The integrated control server is an early fire detection terminal characterized by decoding the MAC address of the Modem Chip encrypted with the asymmetric encryption key, the PIN data of the PUF Chip, and the HCl gas detection data measured by the sensor with the symmetric encryption key.

In one embodiment,

The sensor is configured to include an AgI layer formed on an Ag substrate and an AgCl layer formed on the AgI layer. The sensor detects an HCl gas generated by deterioration of a conductor insulating material before an electric fire is generated.

The PUF chip is mounted on the terminal, and the MCU inside the terminal generates unique PIN data, and the PIN data is stored in the platform memory inside the control server.

The control server comprises a random number generator and a platform memory, the control server generates a random random number through the random number generator, the control server generates a symmetric encryption key with the PIN data stored in the platform memory, the symmetric with the random random number Generate an asymmetric encryption key by encrypting the encryption key.

The control server transmits the asymmetric encryption key to the terminal, and the terminal is configured to include the MCU, PUF Chip, Sensor, the MCU receives the asymmetric encryption key to control the data encrypted with the asymmetric encryption key PIN data of the PUF Chip Send to server.

If the PIN data of the PUF Chip, which decrypts the data encrypted with the asymmetric encryption key and the PIN data stored in the platform memory, coincides with the user log-in data communication between the control server and the quantum terminal. The terminal is an early fire detection terminal, characterized in that for transmitting the HCl gas detection data measured from the Sensor to the control server.

In one embodiment,

The remote server includes a remote PUF chip, a sensor, a remote random number generator, a remote memory, and a remote controller.

The sensor is configured to include an AgI layer formed on an Ag substrate and an AgCl layer formed on the AgI layer. The sensor detects an HCl gas generated by deterioration of a conductor insulating material before an electric fire is generated.

The remote controller generates a remote symmetric encryption key by generating unique remote PIN data using physical process deviations generated during the manufacturing process of the remote PUF chip.

The remote controller generates a random random number through the remote random number generator to generate a remote asymmetric encryption key by encrypting the remote symmetric encryption key.

The remote symmetric encryption key is stored in the local memory inside the local server.

The local server includes a local PUF chip, a local quantum random number generator, a local memory, and a local controller.

The local quantum random number generator generates a local symmetric encryption key.

The local controller generates a local symmetric encryption key by generating unique local PIN data using physical process deviations generated during the manufacturing process of the local PUF chip.

The local controller generates a random random number through the local random number generator to generate a local asymmetric encryption key by encrypting the local symmetric encryption key.

The local symmetric encryption key is stored in a remote memory inside the remote server.

When the remote server logs in to the bidirectional tunneling data communication request to the local server, the local server sends a local asymmetric encryption key to the remote server IP address.

The remote server receives the local asymmetric encryption key and transmits the remote encryption key encrypted with the local symmetric encryption key to the local server IP address to the local server.

The local server performs log-in bidirectional tunneling data communication between the local server and the remote server when the remote symmetric encryption key decrypted with the local symmetric encryption key matches the remote symmetric encryption key stored in the local memory. Open.

The remote server transmits the HCl gas detection data measured from the sensor to the local server.

When logging out, local asymmetric encryption key and remote encryption key are deleted.

When the local server logs in to the bidirectional tunneling data communication request to the remote server, the remote server sends the remote asymmetric encryption key to the local server IP address.

The local server receives the remote asymmetric encryption key and sends the local encryption key encrypted with the remote symmetric encryption key to the remote server using the remote server IP address.

If the local symmetric encryption key decrypted from the local encryption key with the remote symmetric encryption key matches the local symmetric encryption key stored in the remote memory, the remote server performs log-in bidirectional tunneling data communication between the remote server and the local server. Open.

Early log detection terminal characterized in that the remote asymmetric encryption key, the local encryption key is deleted at the time of log-in.

In one embodiment,

The remote server includes a remote PUF chip, a sensor, a remote random number generator, a remote memory, and a remote controller.

The sensor is configured to include an AgI layer formed on an Ag substrate and an AgCl layer formed on the AgI layer. The sensor detects an HCl gas generated by deterioration of a conductor insulating material before an electric fire is generated.

The remote random number generator generates a remote symmetric encryption key.

The remote control unit generates unique remote PIN data using physical process deviations generated during the manufacturing process of the remote PUF chip to encrypt the remote symmetric encryption key to generate a remote asymmetric encryption key.

The remote symmetric encryption key is stored in the local memory inside the local server.

The local server includes a local PUF chip, a local quantum random number generator, a local memory, and a local controller.

The local quantum random number generator generates a local symmetric encryption key.

The local controller generates a local asymmetric encryption key by encrypting the local symmetric encryption key by generating unique local PIN data using physical process deviations generated during the manufacturing process of the local PUF chip.

The local symmetric encryption key is stored in a remote memory inside the remote server.

When the remote server logs in to the bidirectional tunneling data communication request to the local server, the local server sends a local asymmetric encryption key to the remote server IP address.

The remote server receives the local asymmetric encryption key and sends the remote encryption key encrypted with the local asymmetric encryption key to the local server using the local server IP address.

The local server performs log-in bidirectional tunneling data communication between the local server and the remote server when the remote symmetric encryption key decrypted with the local symmetric encryption key matches the remote symmetric encryption key stored in the local memory. The remote server transmits the HCl gas detection data measured from the sensor to the local server.

When logging out, local asymmetric encryption key and remote encryption key are deleted.

When the local server logs in to the bidirectional tunneling data communication request to the remote server, the remote server sends the remote asymmetric encryption key to the local server IP address.

The local server receives the remote asymmetric encryption key and sends the local encryption key encrypted with the remote symmetric encryption key to the remote server using the remote server IP address.

The remote server opens a log-in bidirectional tunneling data communication between the remote server and the local server when the local symmetric encryption key decrypted with the remote symmetric encryption key and the local symmetric password stored in the remote memory match. do.

Early log detection terminal characterized in that the remote asymmetric encryption key, the local encryption key is deleted at the time of log-in.

In one embodiment,

The remote server includes a remote PUF chip, a sensor, a remote random number generator, a remote memory, and a remote controller.

The remote controller generates a remote symmetric encryption key by generating unique remote PIN data using physical process deviations generated during the manufacturing process of the remote PUF chip.

The remote controller generates a random random number through the remote random number generator to generate a remote asymmetric encryption key by encrypting the remote symmetric encryption key.

The remote symmetric encryption key is stored in the local memory inside the local server.

The local server includes a local PUF chip, a local quantum random number generator, a local memory, and a local controller.

The local quantum random number generator generates a local symmetric encryption key.

The local controller generates a local symmetric encryption key by generating unique local PIN data using physical process deviations generated during the manufacturing process of the local PUF chip.

The local controller generates a random random number through the local random number generator to generate a local asymmetric encryption key by encrypting the local symmetric encryption key.

The local symmetric encryption key is stored in a remote memory inside the remote server.

When the remote server logs in to the bidirectional tunneling data communication request to the local server, Curl server sends the local asymmetric encryption key to the remote server IP address.

The remote server receives the local asymmetric encryption key and transmits the remote encryption key encrypted with the local symmetric encryption key to the local server IP address to the local server.

The local server performs log-in bidirectional tunneling data communication between the local server and the remote server when the remote symmetric encryption key decrypted with the local symmetric encryption key matches the remote symmetric encryption key stored in the local memory. Open.

The remote server transmits the HCl gas detection data measured from the sensor to the local server.

When logging out, local asymmetric encryption key and remote encryption key are deleted.

When the local server logs in to the bidirectional tunneling data communication request to the remote server, the remote server sends the remote asymmetric encryption key to the local server IP address.

The local server receives the remote asymmetric encryption key and sends the local encryption key encrypted with the remote symmetric encryption key to the remote server using the remote server IP address.

If the local symmetric encryption key decrypted from the local encryption key with the remote symmetric encryption key matches the local symmetric encryption key stored in the remote memory, the remote server performs log-in bidirectional tunneling data communication between the remote server and the local server. Open.

Early fire detection terminal, characterized in that the remote asymmetric encryption key, local encryption key is deleted at the time of log-in (Log-in)

In one embodiment,

It is disposed inside the metal box to detect the fine dust generated by the heat generation in unit time, calculate the fine dust indicator value including at least one of the size, number and concentration of the fine dust, beta-ray absorption method or capacitive method Fine dust sensor to detect fine dust

Detects the signs of the electric fire by detecting the gas inside the metal box, analyzing the change amount of the fine dust indicator value and the gas concentration indicator value by the gas sensor unit and the unit time to calculate the gas concentration indicator value according to the concentration of the gas It includes a control unit.

The fine dust sensor unit detects fine dust generated by heat generation of an organic material including at least one of a covering wire, a tube, a terminal block, and a conductor support, and the gas sensor unit detects a gas generated by heat generation of the organic material.

The fine dust sensor unit detects at least one fine dust of methane, alcohol, benzene, and phenol, and the gas sensor unit detects at least one gas of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, chlorine, and ethylene.

The control unit analyzes the change amount of the fine dust indicator value and the gas concentration indicator value to determine the electric fire signs, and if the gas sensor unit is determined as the electric fire signs detects the hydrogen chloride to determine the occurrence of the electric fire target.

The controller prevents malfunction of the sensor unit by comparing the electric fire signs for the fine dust and the gas to each other.

Early fire detection sensor terminal characterized in that by detecting the fine dust and gas generated by the heat generation of the organic material to determine the presence of an electrical fire, and to prevent the malfunction of the sensor unit.

In one embodiment,

It consists of a 1st early fire detection part provided in the inlet_port | entrance inside a closed switchboard, and the 2nd early fire detection part provided in an exhaust port.

The first early fire detection unit provided in the inlet is composed of a first early fire detection sensor and a suction fan.

The 2nd early fire detection part provided in an exhaust port is comprised by the 2nd early fire detection sensor and an exhaust fan.

The suction fan sucks air outside the closed switchboard and supplies cooling air into the metal enclosure through the first early fire detection sensor.

The exhaust fan sucks air in the closed switchboard and discharges the cooling air to the outside of the metal enclosure through the second early fire detection sensor.

The first measurement value measured by the first early fire detection sensor and the second measurement value measured by the second early fire detection sensor are transmitted to the controller.

The control unit is an early fire detection sensor terminal is installed in the low pressure panel inside the switchboard, and generates a warning event when the difference between the first measured value and the second measured value is greater than the administrator input value.

In one embodiment,

The Sensor comprises an AgI layer formed on an Ag substrate; An AgCl layer formed on the AgI layer; A conductive thin film pattern formed on the AgCl layer; A gas sensing layer surrounding the conductive thin film pattern; It includes an electrode pair for applying power to the gas detection film.

The conductive thin film pattern is a nano-porous structure line type conductive thin film early fire detection sensor using a direct conversion method characterized in that it serves to catalyze the detection reaction of the gas detection film to the gas to be detected.

In one embodiment,

And a first early fire detector, a second early fire detector, and a control unit provided inside the metal enclosure structure excluding the inlet and exhaust ports.

The first early fire detection unit installed in the inlet is composed of a first HCl sensor, a first HCl gas filter, a first BHT sensor, a first BHT filter, and a suction fan.

The second early fire detection unit provided at the exhaust port is composed of a second HCl sensor, a second HCl gas filter, a second BHT sensor, a second BHT filter, and an exhaust fan.

The suction fan sucks air outside the metal enclosure and supplies HCl gas and BHT gas from the first HCl gas filter and the first BHT filter to the inside of the metal enclosure via the first HCl sensor and the first BHT sensor. do.

The exhaust fan sucks the air inside the metal enclosure and discharges the air from which the HCl gas and the BHT gas are removed through the second HCl sensor, the second BHT sensor, and the second BHT filter to the outside of the metal enclosure. do.

The first HCl measurement value measured by the first HCl Sensor, the first BHT measurement value measured by the first BHT Sensor, the second HCl measurement value measured by the second HCl Sensor, measured by the second BHT Sensor The second BHL measurement value is transmitted to the controller.

The controller generates a caution event when the difference between the second BHL measurement value and the first BHL measurement value is greater than or equal to the manager input value.

The controller generates a caution event when the difference between the first BHL measurement value and the second BHL measurement value is greater than or equal to the manager input value.

The controller is an early fire detection sensor terminal, characterized in that to generate a warning event when the difference between the first HCl measurement value and the second HCl measurement value is greater than the administrator input value.

In one embodiment,

It consists of a 1st early fire detection part provided in an inlet vent inside a metal enclosure, and a 2nd early fire detection part installed in an exhaust port.

The first early fire detection unit provided in the inlet is composed of a first early fire detection sensor, a first gas filter, and a suction fan.

The second early fire detection unit provided in the exhaust port is composed of a second early fire detection sensor, a second gas filter, and an exhaust fan.

The suction fan sucks air from the outside of the metal enclosure and supplies air degassed through the first gas filter to the inside of the metal enclosure via the first early fire detection sensor.

The exhaust fan sucks air in the metal enclosure and discharges the air removed from the metal enclosure through the second gas filter through the second early fire detection sensor.

The first measurement value measured by the first early fire detection sensor and the second measurement value measured by the second early fire detection sensor are transmitted to the controller.

The control unit is a premature fire detection sensor terminal, characterized in that the microprocessor is installed inside the metal enclosure, and generates a warning event when the difference between the first measured value and the second measured value is more than the administrator input value.

In one embodiment,

Sensor is HCl gas detection sensor or BHT gas detection sensor or fine dust detection sensor or organic compound gas detection sensor, Benzyl Alcohol gas detection sensor, carbon monoxide gas detection sensor, carbon dioxide gas detection sensor, methane gas detection sensor, alcohol gas detection sensor, benzene At least one of a gas detection sensor, a phenol gas detection sensor, a carbon dioxide gas detection sensor, a chlorine gas detection sensor, and an ethylene gas detection sensor.

In one embodiment,

The sensor is disposed inside the metal box to detect fine dust generated by heat generation in unit time, calculate the fine dust index value including at least one of the size, number and concentration of the fine dust, beta ray absorption method or capacitance The fine dust sensor for detecting the fine dust in a manner comprises a gas sensor unit, fine dust sensor unit, the control unit.

The gas sensor unit is a gas sensor unit that detects a gas inside the metal box and calculates a gas concentration index value according to the concentration of the gas.

The control unit is a control unit for determining the electric fire signs by analyzing the amount of change of the fine dust indicator value and the gas concentration indicator value in the unit time.

The fine dust sensor unit detects fine dust generated by heat generation of an organic material including at least one of a covering wire, a tube, a terminal block, and a conductor support, and the gas sensor unit detects a gas generated by heat generation of the organic material.

The fine dust sensor unit detects at least one fine dust of methane, alcohol, benzene, and phenol, and the gas sensor unit detects at least one gas of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, chlorine, and ethylene.

The control unit analyzes the change amount of the fine dust indicator value and the gas concentration indicator value to determine the electric fire signs, and if the gas sensor unit is determined as the electric fire signs detects the hydrogen chloride to determine the occurrence of the electric fire target.

The controller prevents malfunction of the sensor unit by comparing the electric fire signs for the fine dust and the gas to each other.

By detecting the fine dust and gas generated by the heat of the organic material to determine the presence of an electrical fire, it is characterized in that to prevent the malfunction of the sensor unit.

In one embodiment,

Data communication is characterized in that data communication using any one of LoRA, NB-IoT, Bluetooth, Sigfox, Wi-Fi, LTE-M, LPWAN communication method.

In one embodiment,

The terminal is characterized in that it is installed in any one of the metal enclosure, switchboard, distribution panel, column transformer, ground transformer, CCTV, broadcasting device, automatic control panel, control server.

The sensor further comprises an error correction detector, a drain lead wire connected to the Ag layer of the Sensor, a ground lead wire connected to the AgI layer, and a collector lead wire connected to the AgCl layer. It is composed of

The voltage applied to the collector lead wire and the drain lead wire transmits voltage and current variation data generated from the change of the gas detector film resistance according to the reactant gas to the error correction detector.

The ground lead wire is connected to the ground terminal via an error correction detector.

The error correction detector measures the voltage difference between the collector lead wire and the drain lead wire.

The error correction detection unit is a nanoporous structure line using a direct conversion method, which generates either a normal event in which no current is applied to the ground lead wire or an error correction data event in which the current is supplied. Type conductive thin film early fire detection sensor.

In one embodiment,

The PUF-QRNG System-on-Security chip monitoring system consists of Modem Chip, Mainboard MCU, Power Amp, Surveillance Camera and Quantum Random Number Generator.

The PUF Chip is a System On Chip (SoC), which is a boot read only memory (ROM), a main central processing unit (CPU), an input / output port (I / O port), a secure machine control unit (MCU), and a SoC memory. It consists of a PUF hardware pin (H / W PIN) and a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) controller.

The main CPU controls the secure MCU, SoC memory, I / O ports, PUF hardware pins, and SPI controller.

The main CPU controls the SPI controller to receive the symmetric encryption key generated through the quantum random number generated through the quantum random number generator (QRNG) and transmits the symmetric encryption key to the secure MCU.

The main CPU controls the security MCU to store the asymmetric encryption key encrypted in the PIN (Personal Identification Number) data extracted from the PUF hardware pin in the SoC memory.

The main CPU decrypts the PIN data encrypted with the asymmetric encryption key received through the input / output port to the symmetric encryption key and connects the debugger interface through the input / output port and logs in the network switch when the PIN data stored in the SoC memory match. in) Nanoporous structure line type conductive thin film early fire detection sensor using direct conversion method characterized in that the connection.

In one embodiment,

The PUF PIN data generator is composed of a PUF chip and a main controller, and the main controller generates a symmetric encryption key using the PIN data of the PUF chip, and the quantum random number generator is a random number source generator, a quantum detection diode, a quantum random pulse generator, and a quantum random controller. And the quantum detection diode detects a quantum particle generated from a random number source generator emitting a quantum particle, and the quantum random pulse generator detects a quantum particle event from the quantum detection diode and corresponds to the detection of the quantum particle. A random pulse is generated, and the quantum random number controller generates a quantum random number using a random random source generated through the quantum random pulse generator, and the quantum random number controller encrypts the symmetric encryption key with the quantum random number to encrypt an asymmetric encryption key. Nanoporous structure using direct conversion method In-type conductive thin film early fire detection sensor.

1: PUF PIN Data Generator
2: quantum random number generator

Claims (2)

It is composed of a first early fire detection unit installed in the intake port inside the closed switchboard and a second early fire detection unit installed in the exhaust port,
A first early fire detection unit installed in the inlet is composed of a first early fire detection sensor and a suction fan;
The second early fire detection unit provided in the exhaust port is composed of a second early fire detection sensor and an exhaust fan;
The suction fan sucks air outside the closed switchboard and supplies cooling air into the metal enclosure through the first early fire detection sensor;
The exhaust fan sucks air in the closed switchgear and discharges cooling air to the outside of the metal enclosure through the second early fire detection sensor;
Transmitting a first measurement value measured through the first early fire detection sensor and a second measurement value measured through the second early fire detection sensor to the controller;
The control unit is installed in the low voltage plate inside the switchboard, the early fire detection sensor terminal, characterized in that for generating a warning event when the difference between the first measured value and the second measured value is greater than the administrator input value.
The method of claim 1,
The sensor is disposed inside the metal box to sense fine dust generated by heat generation in unit time, calculate the fine dust index value including at least one of the size, number and concentration of the fine dust, beta-ray absorption method or capacitance Fine dust sensor to detect the fine dust in a manner consisting of a gas sensor unit, fine dust sensor unit, the control unit,
A gas sensor unit is a gas sensor unit which senses a gas inside the metal box and calculates a gas concentration index value according to the concentration of the gas;
The control unit is a control unit for determining the electric fire signs by analyzing the amount of change of the fine dust indicator value and the gas concentration indicator value in the unit time;
The fine dust sensor unit detects fine dust generated by heat generation of an organic material including at least one of a covering wire, a tube, a terminal block, and a conductor support, and the gas sensor unit detects a gas generated by heat generation of the organic material;
The fine dust sensor unit detects at least one fine dust of methane, alcohol, benzene and phenol, and the gas sensor unit detects at least one gas of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, chlorine and ethylene;
The control unit analyzes the amount of change of the fine dust indicator value and the gas concentration indicator value to determine the electric fire sign, and if it is determined as the electric fire sign, the gas sensor detects hydrogen chloride for determining the occurrence of the electric fire as a target;
The control unit compares the electric fire signs for the fine dust and gas with each other to prevent a malfunction of the sensor unit;
Early fire detection sensor terminal, characterized in that for detecting the presence of electric fire by detecting the fine dust and gas generated by the heat generation of the organic material, to prevent the malfunction of the sensor unit.

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