KR20190113199A - A Method For Diagnosing a Condition of a Construction Based on Detecting a Dynamic Displacement of a Sensor Array - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing a structural state based on a dynamic displacement detection of a sensor array and, specifically, to a method for diagnosing a structural state based on a dynamic displacement detection of a sensor array capable of diagnosing a state of a predetermined part of the structure by measuring the dynamic displacement of an object to be measured according to a vibration or a similar impact. The method for diagnosing the structural state based on the dynamic displacement detection of the sensor array comprises a step of disposing the sensor array in which a plurality of acceleration sensors are connected to each other at a measurement position of the structure, a step of detecting an acceleration from each acceleration sensor of the sensor array, and a step of analyzing the dynamic displacement from the detected acceleration, wherein the continuous acceleration information is obtained along a direction determined by the acceleration sensor connected to each other.

Description

A Method For Diagnosing a Condition of a Construction Based on Detecting a Dynamic Displacement of a Sensor Array

The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing structure condition based on the detection of a dynamic displacement of a sensor array, and more particularly, to diagnose a state of a predetermined portion of a structure by measuring a dynamic displacement of a measurement object due to vibration or a similar shock. And structural state diagnosis method based on dynamic displacement detection of a sensor array.

An acceleration sensor that processes the output signal to detect acceleration, vibration, or shock can be applied to the measurement of inclination or inclination, and also displacement can be measured by the acceleration sensor. For example, a three-axis acceleration sensor can be used to measure the slope or displacement of a track, ground or building. Such an acceleration sensor may be used for, for example, vibration measurement, to diagnose a condition of a structure by vibration measurement, and for example, to detect a vibration of a track to diagnose a condition of a track. In addition, the state of the structure can be detected by detecting the vibration generated from the structure. The state of the track or the state of the structure can be detected by various detection units, including acceleration sensors. For example, Patent Publication No. 10-2010-0041261 discloses a method and apparatus for measuring the dynamic displacement and velocity history of a structure using the measured acceleration of the structure. In addition, Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0008410 discloses a dynamic displacement calculation method and a dynamic displacement calculation method. All the prior art detects the state of the structure by detecting the acceleration and other variables, but the disadvantage is that the detection device is complicated and must be accompanied by various processing in order to improve the reliability according to the detection information.

The present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art has the following object.

Prior Art 1: Patent Publication No. 10-2010-0041261 (Seoul National University Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation, April 22, 2010 published) Measurement method and measuring device for measuring dynamic displacement and speed history using vibration acceleration of structures Prior Art 2: Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0008410 (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, published on January 24, 2017) Dynamic displacement calculation device and dynamic displacement calculation method

It is an object of the present invention to provide a structural state diagnosis method based on dynamic displacement detection of a sensor array capable of diagnosing the state of a structure on the basis of an inclination or displacement detected from a sensor array in which a plurality of acceleration sensors are connected to each other.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a structural condition diagnosis method based on dynamic displacement detection of a sensor array includes: arranging a sensor array having a plurality of acceleration sensors connected to each other at a measurement position of the structure; Detecting acceleration from each acceleration sensor of the sensor array; Analyzing the dynamic displacement from the detected acceleration, wherein continuous acceleration information is obtained along a direction determined by the interconnected acceleration sensors.

According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of acceleration sensors are linearly connected by elastic joints.

According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of acceleration sensors detect a displacement due to vibration, and the displacement detected from each acceleration sensor is accumulated to analyze the change over time.

According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the structure is a track and the sensor array is operated in a wakeup manner by vibration detection.

The method according to the invention is connected so that a plurality of acceleration sensors are related to each other, it is possible to diagnose the state of the structure based on the information detected from each sensor having a relationship with each other. For example, sensor arrays can be installed on tracks to detect various types of defects that occur within the tracks. The method according to the present invention enables a precise diagnosis or accurate diagnosis of the structure through a simple process or analysis process while enabling the diagnosis by a structurally simple detection unit. In addition, the method according to the present invention is applied to the diagnosis of various structures to enable a quick and precise diagnosis of the condition.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a structural condition diagnosis process based on dynamic displacement detection of a sensor array according to the present invention.
2 illustrates an embodiment of a sensor array applied to a diagnostic method according to the present invention.
Figure 3 illustrates an embodiment of the information data detected in the diagnostic method according to the present invention.
4A and 4B illustrate an example of a process in which information is detected and processed from a sensor array in a diagnostic method according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments set forth in the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments are provided for clarity of understanding and the present invention is not limited thereto. In the following description, components having the same reference numerals in different drawings have similar functions, and thus are not repeatedly described unless necessary for understanding of the invention, and well-known components are briefly described or omitted. It should not be understood to be excluded from the embodiment of.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a structural condition diagnosis process based on dynamic displacement detection of a sensor array according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a structural state diagnosis method based on dynamic displacement detection of a sensor array may include: arranging a sensor array in which a plurality of acceleration sensors are connected to each other at a measurement position of a structure; Detecting acceleration from each acceleration sensor of the sensor array; Analyzing the dynamic displacement from the detected acceleration, wherein continuous acceleration information is obtained along a direction determined by the interconnected acceleration sensors.

The structure may be a track, a building, a bridge, a ground or similar fixture, and the vibration of the different parts of the structure may be detected by the sensor array to detect the state of the structure. The sensor array may consist of a plurality of acceleration sensors connected to each other, and each acceleration sensor may preferably be a three-axis acceleration MEMS sensor. Each acceleration sensor may be connected to each other in a linear or similar form to form one sensor array. Each sensor may be arranged inside a receiving tube made of, for example, a PVC tube or an aluminum tube or similar material, and the receiving tube containing different sensors may have a joint that can be bent in any direction. . The sensor array may include at least one acceleration sensor roll, and for example, may have a structure in which 2 to 100 acceleration sensors are linearly connected. In addition, the sensor array having such a structure may be disposed in a structure such as a track to be measured (P11).

Displacements at different points can be measured by each acceleration sensor (P12), and the values detected by each inclinometer can be sent to the microprocessor or central processing unit for processing. An activation start unit may be installed in the sensor array, and the activation start unit may operate each acceleration sensor forming the sensor array upon receipt of the activation start signal. The activation start signal can be activated in various ways, for example a predetermined level of vibration can be the activation start signal. For example, vibration of the track may be detected by the acceleration sensor of the sensor array due to the approach of the train with the sensor array installed on the track, and thus the operation of the sensor array may be started. Each acceleration sensor may measure the displacement of different points on the track as time passes (P12). The dynamic displacement of the measurement target may be analyzed from the displacement information of the different positions detected by the respective acceleration sensors (P13).

The structure may generate vibrations or similar physical changes due to impact or similar external factors, and such variables may be measured by acceleration sensors at different locations of the structure. Each acceleration sensor can measure the change in displacement of the installation point over time, and the dynamic displacement of the structure can be analyzed from the change in displacement at a specific point over time (P13). The condition of the structure can be diagnosed according to the analyzed dynamic displacement, for example, the condition of the track can be diagnosed. For example, when a dynamic displacement of a specific point of a track exhibits characteristics different from the dynamic displacement of another point, it may be diagnosed that an abnormality of the track occurs at a specific point. The dynamic characteristic means a characteristic over time, and the dynamic characteristic may be displayed as a time-displacement graph, for example. In addition, the diagnosis of the track may be performed by analyzing a time-displacement graph of each point of the track.

Sensor arrays may be arranged for various structures to perform dynamic displacement analysis according to vibrations, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown.

2 illustrates an embodiment of a sensor array applied to a diagnostic method according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, a plurality of unit acceleration blocks 20a to 20n may be connected to each other by joints 25a, 25b, and 25c which may be bent in any direction due to elasticity, thereby forming a linear or similar structure. Can be. Each unit acceleration block 20a to 20n includes a receiving tube 21 connected to each other by joints 25a, 25b, and 25c; A control board 22 fixed inside the receiving tube 21; Acceleration sensors 23a, 23b, 24a and 24b disposed on the control board 22; And various processing units disposed on the control substrate 22.

The acceleration sensors 23a, 23b, 24a, 24b may be three-axis acceleration MEMS elements or similar sensors, and the acceleration sensors 23a, 23b, 24a, 24b are connected to each other by joints 25a, 25b, 25c. It may be disposed inside the receiving tube 21. The receiving tube 21 may be made of a synthetic resin material such as PVC or a metal material such as stainless steel, and the joints 25a, 25b and 25c may be made of rubber, silicone, elastomer or similar material having elasticity and elasticity. Can be. The accommodation tube 21 may form a divided area by the joints 25a, 25b, and 25c, and the acceleration sensors 23a, 23b, 24a, and 24b may be received and fixed in each divided area.

A plurality of acceleration sensors 23a, 23b, 24a, and 24b connected to each other by the joints 25a, 25b, and 25c may form a sensor array, and a sensor array made of a linear structure may be installed in the structure. The length of one divided area including one joint 25a, 25b, 25c may be 500 mm, and the 80 acceleration sensors 23a, 23b, 24a, 24b are connected to each other so that the total length is 40m. Sensor arrays can be made. The unit acceleration blocks 20a to 20n extend linearly and may be bent or bent in any direction about the joints 25a, 25b, and 25c, and may also be restored to their original shapes. A central processing unit such as a microprocessor, a communication chip for CAN communication, or the like is placed on the control boards 22a and 22b for operation of the acceleration sensors 23a, 23b, 24a, and 24b and processing of detection information. Can be.

One control board 22a, 22b may be installed in each division area, and one or more acceleration sensors 23a, 23b, 24a, 24b may be disposed on one control board 22a, 22b. For example, two or more sensors 231a, 232a, 241a and 242b may be arranged on one control board 22 to improve the accuracy of the measurement or to prepare for malfunction or failure of one sensor. have. For example, two one-way sensors 2311 and 2321 measure acceleration or displacement in one direction and two two-way sensors 2312 and 2322 measure acceleration or displacement in two directions opposite to one. May be disposed on the control board 22. In such a structure, acceleration or displacement of two sensors 2311 and 2321 or 2312 and 2322 arranged in the same direction may be measured by another sensor even if one sensor malfunctions or malfunctions. In addition, two sensors 2311 and 2312 or 2321 and 2322 arranged in different directions may have a function of correcting an error.

At one measurement position where a plurality of unit acceleration blocks 20a to 20n are continuously arranged linearly, displacement is detected from a plurality of acceleration sensors 20k to 20m disposed between the reference position and the measurement position at which the sensor array is arranged. Can be determined from the displaced displacement. For example, it can be calculated from the sum of the displacements detected from a plurality of linearly connected acceleration sensors 20k to 20m. In such a case, the errors generated in each of the acceleration sensors 20a to 20n may be similarly summed up, and as a result, the error increases as the number of acceleration sensors 20k to 20m added up increases. If so, the errors generated in each of the acceleration sensors 20a to 20n need to be eliminated in the process of determining the displacement. Such errors may include, for example, inherent errors resulting from temperature differences, installation errors of unit acceleration blocks 20a to 20n, or similar errors. This error can be eliminated by summing the displacements of the one-way sensors 2311 and 2321 and the two-way sensors 2312 and 2322 arranged in different directions. Specifically, one direction sensors 2311 and 2321 for measurement of displacement in one direction and two direction sensors 2312 and 2322 for measurement of displacement in two directions, for example, opposite directions, are provided in one control board ( 22). In such an arrangement structure, the displacement may be measured in the positive direction by the one-way sensors 2311 and 2321, and the inclination or the displacement in the negative direction by the two-way sensors 2312 and 2322 may be measured. Can be measured. 1 and 2 direction sensors 2311, 2312, 2321, and 2322 may be installed in each unit acceleration sensor block 20a to 20n, and the total cumulative sum should be zero. In this way, measurement errors other than intrinsic errors can be eliminated. If the total cumulative sum does not equal zero, then an intrinsic error, for example, due to the temperature of the measurement environment or a similar environmental factor, may be considered. In addition, since the intrinsic error is generated in each unit acceleration sensor block 20a to 20n in the same manner, an error according to the sum result may be distributed to each unit acceleration sensor block 20a to 20n. As described above, one or two direction sensors 2311, 2312, 2321, and 2322 are installed in one unit acceleration sensor block 20a to 20n, and all errors that may occur due to the installation of two sensors in one and two directions are displaced. It can be removed during the decision process.

As shown in the lower part of FIG. 2, n unit acceleration sensor blocks 20a to 20n may form a sensor array, and each unit acceleration sensor block 20a to 20n measures acceleration or displacement in different directions. The first direction sensors # 1 to # 5 and the second direction sensors # 6 to # 10 may be included. As described above, each direction sensor # 1 to # 10 may include two sensors measuring tilt or displacement in the same direction. As described above, acceleration or displacement can be measured by a sensor array consisting of a plurality of unit acceleration sensor blocks 20a to 20n, and the measured values of the plurality of unit acceleration sensor blocks 20a to 20n are summed or accumulated. Acceleration or displacement can then be measured. If temperature compensation is performed in one direction by the one-way sensors 2311 and 2321 disposed on the upper surface of one control board 22, the two-way sensors 2312 and 2322 disposed below the control board 22. Can be compensated in the opposite direction. If a sensor value of one of the measured values indicates a singular value, that sensor value may be removed. In addition, a sensor value disposed above the control board 22 may be calculated as one value # 1 to # 5. In addition, a sensor value disposed under the control board 22 may be calculated as another sensor value # 6 to # 10 in the same manner. In the calculation process, one value (# 1 to # 5) on the upper side of the control board 22 and the other value (# 6 to # 10) on the lower side of the control board 21 are calculated as one value. It is measured in the opposite direction. As shown in the lower part of FIG. 2, one value (# 1 to # 5) is in the same direction and the other value (# 6 to # 10) is opposite to the one value (# 1 to # 5). Value. If the displacement is calculated from the starting point (# 1) to the return point (# 10), it should be zero. If the sum of these does not add to zero, then a measurement error has occurred and it can be assumed, for example, that a temperature error has occurred. The difference can then be distributed to each sensor to achieve temperature compensation. And the sensor array having such a structure is installed at the measurement position of the structure so that all possible errors are eliminated while allowing the dynamic displacement to be measured accurately and simply.

Figure 3 illustrates an embodiment of the information data detected in the diagnostic method according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, a sensor array may be installed on a track, and displacement data may be obtained over time at a specific point from a sensor array installed on each track. For example, a sensor array may be installed on a track, and accelerations at different points of the track may be detected by each acceleration sensor of the sensor array during a time when the train approaches and moves away from the track. As shown in FIG. 3B, the displacement may be measured in time from the acceleration detected from the acceleration sensor. The displacement may include transition points TA1 and TA2 at which a train approaches or moves away from a specific location, and a detection point VA at which the train reaches a specific point. And a change curve of displacement with time can be generated for each measurement point. The time-displacement curves may be compared at different points, and the two time-displacement curves may be compared with each other, as shown in FIG. A time-displacement curve for each position can be obtained, whereby the state of the different positions of the track can be diagnosed.

The state of the various structures can be diagnosed by the diagnostic method according to the present invention using the sensor array, in the presented embodiment the vibration can be converted to displacement and measured. Various structures can also be diagnosed based on various diagnostic factors that can be measured from acceleration.

4A and 4B illustrate an example of a process in which information is detected and processed from a sensor array in a diagnostic method according to the present invention.

4A and 4B, the structural state diagnosis method based on the dynamic displacement detection of the sensor array includes: placing a sensor array having a plurality of acceleration sensors at a measurement position of the structure (P41); Detecting vibration according to an external impact to initiate operation of the sensor array (P42); Detecting acceleration according to vibration from each acceleration sensor linearly connected to each other (P43); Correcting errors of the plurality of acceleration sensors (P44); Determining an exclusion value from an acceleration value detected from each acceleration sensor (P45); Analyzing (P46) the measurement value transmitted from each acceleration sensor; And step P47, in which the dynamic displacement is determined from the analyzed measurement value.

The sensor array may include a vibration wake up unit 41, and the vibration wake unit 41 may be activated, for example, if a vibration is detected outside of a predetermined level (P42). The sensor array can be operated in sleep mode, whereby power consumption can be reduced. Power supply to the sensor array may be from a battery or an external power source disposed therein. The sensor array in the sleep mode state can be activated by the vibration wake-up unit 41, and the operation of each acceleration sensor can be controlled, for example by the sensor array operating unit 42, and actuated accordingly. This may be initiated and vibration may be detected (P43). The information detected by each acceleration sensor can then be processed by the acceleration sensor detection unit 43. The acceleration sensor detection unit 43 may receive information transmitted from each acceleration sensor and convert it into processable data, for example, correct an error (P44) or determine an exclusion value (P45). For example, the acceleration sensor detection unit 43 may determine whether there is a measurement value that should be excluded as a measurement value transmitted from each acceleration sensor based on the predetermined reference value (P45). The error correction P44 may be made according to the method described above, and the selection of the exclusion value P45 may be made based on the reference value. If it is determined that there is an exclusion value (YES), the exclusion value may be selected and excluded (P451). In contrast, if it is determined that there is no exclusion value (NO), the measurement value may be analyzed by the analysis unit 44 (P46). In addition, when the exclusion value is selected and excluded (P451), the measurement value may be analyzed by the analysis unit 44 based on the remaining measurement value (P46).

The analysis unit 44 may analyze the displacement over time for different positions, and analyze the displacement with respect to the X-Y axis, as shown in FIG. 4A. And based on the analysis result, the dynamic displacement for each position may be determined (P47). The analyzed dynamic displacements for different positions may be analyzed (P47). In addition, acceleration or displacement information detected from each acceleration sensor may be stored or transmitted to the storage / transmission unit 45. The storage / transmission unit 45 may be various storage media, and the transmission means may be, for example, various communication chips capable of CAN communication, but is not limited thereto.

The diagnostic method according to the present invention can be made in an appropriate manner depending on the structure to be measured and is not limited to the presented embodiments.

The method according to the invention is connected so that a plurality of acceleration sensors are related to each other, it is possible to diagnose the state of the structure based on the information detected from each sensor having a relationship with each other. For example, sensor arrays can be installed on tracks to detect various types of defects that occur within the tracks. The method according to the present invention enables a precise diagnosis or accurate diagnosis of the structure through a simple process or analysis process while enabling the diagnosis by a structurally simple detection unit. In addition, the method according to the present invention is applied to the diagnosis of various structures to enable a quick and precise diagnosis of the condition.

Although the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the presented embodiments, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and modifications without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention with reference to the presented embodiments. . The invention is not limited by the invention as such variations and modifications but only by the claims appended hereto.

20a to 20n: unit acceleration block 21: receiving tube
22, 22a, 22b: control board 23a, 23b, 24a, 24b: acceleration sensor
25a, 25b, 25c: joint 41: vibrating wake-up unit
42: sensor array operation unit 43: acceleration sensor detection unit
44: analysis unit 45: storage / transmission unit
231a, 232a, 241a, 242b: sensor 2311, 2321: one-way sensor
2312, 2322: two-way sensor TA1, TA2: transition point
VA: Detection Point

Claims (4)

Disposing a sensor array in which a plurality of acceleration sensors are connected to each other at a measurement position of the structure;
Detecting acceleration from each acceleration sensor of the sensor array;
Analyzing the dynamic displacement from the detected acceleration,
And continuous acceleration information is acquired along a direction determined by the connected acceleration sensors. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of acceleration sensors are linearly connected by elastic joints. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of acceleration sensors detect a displacement due to vibration, and the displacement detected from each acceleration sensor is accumulated, and the change over time is analyzed based on the dynamic displacement detection of the sensor array. Method of diagnosis of structural condition The method of claim 1, wherein the structure is a track and the sensor array is operated in a wakeup manner by vibration detection.

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