KR20190107174A - 4h-imidazo[1,2-a]imidazoles for electronic applications - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I), to their preparation and to their use in electronic devices, in particular electroluminescent devices. Compounds of formula (I) can provide improved efficiency, stability, manufacturability or spectral properties of electroluminescent devices when used as electrotransport and / or host materials for phosphorescent emitters in electroluminescent devices.
<Formula I>

Description

4H-imidazo [1,2-A] imidazole for electronics applications {4H-IMIDAZO [1,2-A] IMIDAZOLES FOR ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS}

The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I), their preparation and their use in electronic devices, in particular electroluminescent devices. Compounds of formula (I) can provide improved efficiency, stability, manufacturability or spectral properties of electroluminescent devices when used as electrotransport and / or host materials for phosphorescent emitters in electroluminescent devices.

See, B. A. Priimenko et al., Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds 17 (1981) 937-40 (D1) investigate the formylation, acetylation, nitration and bromination of 1,2-diphenyl-imidazo [1,2a] benzimidazole. V. S. Ponomar et al., Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds 8 (1972) 229-231 (D2), disclose the synthesis of 1H-imidazo [1,2a] benzimidazole derivatives. M. V. Povstyanol et al., Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds 8 (1972) 738-741 (D3)] discloses the synthesis of naphth [1,2-d] imidazo [3,2-b] imidazole derivatives. .

(R = H, Me, Et)의 합성이 기재되어 있다.Khan, Misbahul Ain; Ribeiro, Vera Lucia Teixeira, Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 43 (2000) 168-170, describes trialkyl phosphites of 1- (o-nitrophenyl)-and 1- (o-azidophenyl) benzimidazole- Benzimidazole [1,2-a] benzimidazole by induced deoxygenation and pyrolysis

The synthesis of (R = H, Me, Et) is described.

Pedro Molina et al. Tetrahedron (1994) 10029-10036 describes aziza-Wittig-type reactions of bis (iminophosphoran) derived from bis (2-aminophenyl) amine with two equivalents of isocyanates. 2, a] benzimidazole derivatives are reported to provide directly.

Kolesnikova, I. V .; Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii 25 (1989) 1689-95] contains 5H-benzimidazol [1,2-a] benzimidazole 1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10-octafluoro-5- ( 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl) is described.

(R = H, -CH(CH₃)₂)의 합성이 기재되어 있다.Achour, Reddouane; Zniber, Rachid, Bulletin des Societes Chimiques Belges 96 (1987) 787-92] benzimidazobenzimidazoles prepared from benzimidazolinone derivatives.

The synthesis of (R = H, -CH (CH ₃ ) ₂ ) is described.

의 합성이 기재되어 있다.See Hubert, Andre J .; Reimlinger, Hans, Chemische Berichte 103 (1970) 2828-35] benzimidazobenzimidazole

The synthesis of is described.

에 의해 나타내어지는 1종 이상의 화합물을 함유하는 것인 전계발광 소자가 기재되어 있다. 하기 화합물이 명시적으로 개시되어 있다:JP2001160488 has a light emitting layer having a monolayer or multilayer organic compound film between opposing anodes and cathodes, wherein at least one layer of the organic compound film is of formula

An electroluminescent device is described which contains at least one compound represented by. The following compounds are explicitly disclosed:

(I)에 의해 나타내어지는 화합물은 하나 이상의 유기 층에 함유되며, 여기서 n은 2 이상의 정수를 나타내고, L은 n-가 연결기를 나타내고, R¹, R², R³ 및 R⁴는 각각 독립적으로 수소 원자 또는 치환기를 나타낸다.US20100244006 is a cathode; Anode; And one or more organic layers between the cathode and the anode. At least one organic layer comprises a light emitting layer containing at least one light emitting material. Formula

The compound represented by (I) is contained in one or more organic layers, where n represents an integer of 2 or more, L represents an n-valent linking group, and R ¹ , R ² , R ³ and R ⁴ each independently A hydrogen atom or a substituent is shown.

는 US20100244006에 개시된 화합물의 예를 나타낸다.The compounds described in US20100244006 are preferably used as hosts in the light emitting layer.

Represents an example of a compound disclosed in US20100244006.

의 신규 유기 발광 화합물 및 그를 포함하는 유기 전계발광 장치에 관한 것이다.KR1020110008784 (WO2011010842) is a chemical formula

A novel organic light emitting compound and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same.

US2005079387 relates to an imidazole ring-containing compound (blue luminescent host compound) of the formula Ar ₁ -Ar ₂ -Ar ₄ and an organic electroluminescent (EL) display device using the same.

로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되고,Ar ₂ is

Selected from the group consisting of

로부터 선택되고, 여기서 X'는 O 또는 S이다.Each Ar ₂ and Ar ₃ is independently

Is selected from wherein X 'is O or S.

의 이미다졸 고리 함유 화합물 및 그를 사용하는 유기 전계발광 (EL) 표시 장치에 관한 것이다. 특히, 이미다졸 고리-함유 화합물은 단독으로, 또는 전계발광 층과 같은 유기 필름용 재료로서 도펀트와 조합하여 사용될 수 있다. US2005074632 has the chemical formula

An imidazole ring-containing compound and an organic electroluminescent (EL) display device using the same. In particular, the imidazole ring-containing compound may be used alone or in combination with the dopant as a material for an organic film such as an electroluminescent layer.

, -N(R₁₃R₁₄) 및

로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되고, B는

및

로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된다. X는 -O-, -S-, -Se- 및 -NH-로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된다.A is

, -N (R ₁₃ R ₁₄ ) and

Is selected from the group consisting of

And

It is selected from the group consisting of. X is selected from the group consisting of -O-, -S-, -Se- and -NH-.

JP2007180147 relates to an organic electroluminescent device comprising at least an emitting layer containing a compound represented by formula (1), (2), (3) or (4), interposed between an anode and a cathode:

Ar ₁ -Ar ₄ = aromatic group or aromatic heterocyclic group; R ₁ -R ₅ = H or a substituent; Residues necessary to form a Z ₁ = 5 or 6 membered heterocyclic ring; L ₁ , L ₂ = a bonding or coupling group; And X ₁ -X ₁₆ = carbon or nitrogen. New rings may be formed in Ar ₁ and Ar ₂ , and in one of Ar ₃ and Ar ₄ .

The following compounds are explicitly disclosed:

.

.

(I)의 시클릭 화합물의 개환 중합을 수행함으로써 수득된 1종 이상의 중합체, 및 삼중항 여기자로부터 발광하는 1종 이상의 발광 재료를 함유한다.JP2004158327 relates to an organic electroluminescent device consisting of one or more organic compound containing layers provided between opposite anodes and cathodes. The organic compound content layer is

At least one polymer obtained by performing ring-opening polymerization of the cyclic compound of (I), and at least one luminescent material which emits light from the triplet excitons.

,

.The following compounds are explicitly disclosed:

,

.

US6551723 relates to an organic electroluminescent device comprising a light emitting layer, or a plurality of organic compound thin layers containing a light emitting layer between a pair of electrodes, wherein at least one layer in the organic electroluminescent device is represented by Formulas I to VII At least one heterocyclic compound represented by:

R ₁₁ , R ₁₂ , R ₁₃ , R ₂₁ , R ₂₂ , R ₃₁ , R ₃₂ , R ₄₁ , R ₄₂ , R ₅₁ , R ₆₁ and R ₇₁ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a substituent; Z ₁ , Z ₂ , Z ₃ , Z ₄ , Z ₅ , Z ₆ and Z ₇ are atomic groups necessary to form a 5- or 6-membered ring. The compounds represented by formulas I to VII are added in particular to the light emitting layer and / or the electron injection / transport layer. The following compounds are explicitly disclosed:

WO2011099718 relates to a novel organic electroluminescent compound of formula 1 and an organic electroluminescent device using the same:

(1)

(One)

Where

A ₁ to A ₄ independently represent CR ₃ or N;

X represents -N (R ₁₀ )-, -S-, -O- or -Si (R ₁₁ ) (R ₁₂ )-;

Y represents CR ₄ or N;

Ar ₁ and Ar ₂ independently represent (C6-C30) arylene with or without substituent (s) or (C3-C30) heteroarylene with or without substituent (s), and Ar3 is substituent (s) (C6-C30) aryl with or without) or (C3-C30) heteroaryl with or without substituent (s). Compounds of the above formula serve as hosts in the electroluminescent layer. Among these, the following compounds are explicitly mentioned:

의 화합물 (여기서, X는 단일 결합일 수 있고, L은 2가 기일 수 있음)을 함유하는 하나 이상의 유기 층을 포함하는 전자 장치에 관한 것이다. 하기 4H-이미다조[1,2-a]이미다졸 화합물이 명시적으로 개시되어 있다:WO2011160757 describes anodes, cathodes, and chemical formulas

An electronic device comprising at least one organic layer containing a compound of wherein X may be a single bond and L may be a divalent group. The following 4H-imidazo [1,2-a] imidazole compounds are explicitly disclosed:

Despite these developments, there is still a need for organic light emitting devices that include novel electron transport materials that provide improved efficiency, stability, manufacturability and / or spectral properties of the electroluminescent device.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide further materials suitable for use in OLEDs and further applications in organic electronics in connection with the above-mentioned prior art. More particularly, it should be possible to provide electron transport materials, hole / exciton blocker materials and matrix materials for use in OLEDs. The material should be particularly suitable for OLEDs comprising at least one phosphor emitter, in particular at least one green emitter or at least one blue emitter. In addition, the material should be suitable for providing OLEDs which ensure good efficiency of OLEDs, good operating life and high stability against thermal stress, and low use and operating voltages.

This object was solved by a compound of formula (I)

<Formula I>

Where

X ⁶ is -N = and X ⁷ is -NR ^6- , or

X ⁷ is = N- and X ⁶ is -NR ^6- ,

의 기이고;R ⁶ is a chemical formula

Is a group of;

A ¹ is a “branching unit” having three linking sites,

A ² and A ³ are independently of each other a C ₆ -C ₂₄ arylene group which may be optionally substituted by G, or a C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroarylene group which may be optionally substituted by G; Wherein groups A ¹ , A ² and A ³ may be interrupted by one or more groups-(SiR ⁷ R ⁸ )-;

R ⁷ and R ⁸ are independently of each other a C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl group, or a C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group which may be optionally substituted by G;

의 기이고;R ¹ and R ^{1 ′} independently of one another are C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl groups which may be substituted by H, optionally E and / or may be interrupted by D; C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group optionally substituted by G, or C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group optionally substituted by G, for example

Is a group of;

R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ and R ⁵ independently of one another are C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl groups which may be substituted by H, optionally E and / or may be interrupted by D; A C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group optionally substituted by G, or a C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group optionally substituted by G;

X ⁸ is -N = and X ⁹ is> NL- or

X ⁹ is = N- and X ⁸ is>NL-;

L is a single bond or a linking group;

X ¹ is N or CR ⁹ ,

X ² is N or CR ¹⁰ ,

X ³ is N or CR ⁴⁸ ,

X ⁴ is N or CR ⁴⁹ ,

X ⁵ is N or CR ⁵⁰ , provided that at least one of X ³ , X ⁴ and X ⁵ is N,

R ⁴⁸ , R ⁴⁹ , R ⁵⁰ , R ⁹ , R ¹⁰ , R ^{9 '} and R ^10' independently of one another are C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl which may be substituted by H, optionally E and / or may be interrupted by D group; A C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group optionally substituted by G, or a C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group optionally substituted by G; or

R ⁹ and R ¹⁰ and / or R ^{9 '} and R ^10' together form a ring, which may be optionally substituted,

p is 0 or an integer of 1 or 2; q is 0, or an integer of 1 or 2;

D is -CO-, -COO-, -S-, -SO-, -SO 2 -, -O-, -NR 65 -, -SiR 70 R 71 -, -POR 72 -, -CR 63 = CR 64 -Or -C≡C-,

E is -OR ⁶⁹ , -SR ⁶⁹ , -NR ⁶⁵ R ⁶⁶ , -COR ⁶⁸ , -COOR ⁶⁷ , -CONR ⁶⁵ R ⁶⁶ , -CN or halogen,

₂₄ aryl group, G is E, or C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group, a C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group, a C ₆ -C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl substituted by C; A C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group, or a C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group substituted by C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl;

R ⁶³ and R ⁶⁴ independently of one another are H, C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl substituted with C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkoxy; C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl; Or C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl interrupted by —O—;

R ⁶⁵ and R ⁶⁶ independently of one another are C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl groups; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl substituted with C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl or C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkoxy; C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group; Or a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group interrupted by -O-; or

R ⁶⁵ and R ⁶⁶ together form a 5 or 6 membered ring,

R ⁶⁷ is a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl groups substituted by C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups or C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkoxy; C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group; Or a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group interrupted by -O-,

R ⁶⁸ is H; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl groups substituted by C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl or C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkoxy; C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group; Or a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group interrupted by -O-,

R ⁶⁹ is C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl substituted with C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl or C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkoxy; C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group; Or a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group interrupted by -O-,

R ⁷⁰ and R ⁷¹ independently of _one another are C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups, C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl groups, or C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl groups substituted by C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl,

R ⁷² is a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group, a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group, or a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group substituted by C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, provided that:

Is excluded.

The compounds of the present invention are electrophotographic photoreceptors, photoelectric converters, organic solar cells (organic photovoltaic), switching elements such as organic transistors such as organic FETs and organic TFTs, organic light emitting field effect transistors (OLEFETs), image sensors, Dye dyes and electroluminescent devices (= organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs)).

Thus, a further subject of the invention relates to an electronic device comprising the compound according to the invention. The electronic device is preferably an electroluminescent device.

The compound of formula (I) can in principle be used in any layer of an EL device, but is preferably used as a host, electron transport and / or hole blocking material. In particular, the compounds of formula (I) are used as host and / or electron transporting materials for green or blue emitting phosphorescent emitters with good efficiency and durability.

A further subject of the invention therefore relates to an electron transport layer comprising a compound of formula (I) according to the invention.

A further subject of the invention relates to a light emitting layer comprising a compound of formula (I) according to the invention. In this embodiment, the compound of compound I is preferably used in combination with a phosphorescent emitter as a host material.

A further subject of the invention relates to a hole blocking layer comprising a compound of formula (I) according to the invention.

The compound of formula I is preferably a compound of formula I '

<Formula I '>

Wherein X ¹ , X ² , X ⁶ and X ⁷ are as defined above; R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ and R ⁵ independently of one another are C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl groups which may be substituted by H, optionally E and / or may be interrupted by D; A C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group optionally substituted by G, or a C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group optionally substituted by G; Wherein E, D and G are as defined above.

의 화합물일 수 있고, X⁶은 -N=이고 X⁷은 -NR⁶-이거나, 또는 X⁷은 =N-이고 X⁶은 -NR⁶-이다. 화학식 Id의 화합물이 특히 바람직하고, 여기서 R⁹ 및 R¹⁰은 함께 고리

을 형성하고, 여기서 R¹¹, R¹², R¹³ 및 R¹⁴는 하기 정의된 바와 같다. R¹¹, R¹², R¹³ 및 R¹⁴는 바람직하게는 H이다.Compounds of Formula I '

May be a compound of Formula wherein X ⁶ is -N = and X ⁷ is -NR ^6- , or X ⁷ is = N- and X ⁶ is -NR ^6- . Especially preferred are compounds of formula Id, wherein R ⁹ and R ¹⁰ are ring together

Wherein R ¹¹ , R ¹² , R ¹³ and R ¹⁴ are as defined below. R ¹¹ , R ¹² , R ¹³ and R ¹⁴ are preferably H.

R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ and R ⁵ are preferably H.

Compounds of formula I that are not axial symmetric, such as, for example, compounds of formula Id, wherein R ⁹ and R ¹⁰ are H, can exist in two isomeric forms:

See Example 5, which describes the synthesis of mixtures of the following compounds:

및

And

R ⁹ and R ¹⁰ are preferably H, C ₆ -C ₁₄ aryl, such as, for example, phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenylyl, which may optionally be substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl groups ; Or C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl, such as for example dibenzofuranyl, which may be optionally substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl groups.

In a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to compounds of formula II

<Formula II>

Wherein X ⁶ and X ⁷ are as defined above.

R ¹¹ , R ¹² , R ¹³ and R ¹⁴ independently of one another are C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl groups which may be substituted by H, optionally E and / or may be interrupted by D; C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group optionally substituted by G, or C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group optionally substituted by G, E, D, G, L, X ³ , X ⁴ , X ⁵ , R ¹ , R ^{1 ′} , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ and R ⁵ are as defined above. Preferably, R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , R ¹¹ , R ¹² , R ¹³ and R ¹⁴ are H.

Preferably, X ⁶ is -N = and X ⁷ is -NR ^6- , or X ⁷ is = N- and X ⁶ is -NR ^6- ; here

, 특히

의 기이고, 여기서 A¹은 화학식

의 기이고, A² 및 A³은 화학식

의 기이다.R ⁶ is a chemical formula

, Especially

Is a group wherein A ¹ is

And A ² and A ³ are

It is the flag of.

의 기는 바람직하게는 화학식

의 기, 보다 바람직하게는 화학식

의 기, 가장 바람직하게는 화합식

의 기이다. R¹은 바람직하게는 수소 원자 이외의 것이다. X⁴가 N인 경우에, R^1'는 바람직하게는 수소 원자와 상이하다. L은 바람직하게는 단일 결합 또는 화학식 -(A⁴)_r-(A⁵)_s-A⁶-의 기이다.Chemical formula

The group of preferably

Group, more preferably

Groups, most preferably compound formula

It is the flag of. R ¹ is preferably other than a hydrogen atom. When X ⁴ is N, R ^{1 ′} is preferably different from a hydrogen atom. L is preferably a single bond or a group of the formula-(A ⁴ ) _r- (A ⁵ ) _s -A ^6- .

및

의 화합물이 보다 바람직하고, 여기서 R¹, R^1' 및 L은 상기 정의된 바와 같다.In the above embodiment, the formula

And

More preferred are compounds wherein R ¹ , R ^{1 ′} and L are as defined above.

Even more preferred are compounds of formula IIa, IIb and IIc.

R ¹ and R ^{1 ′} may be a C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl group which may be substituted by H, optionally E and / or may be interrupted by D. Preference is given to C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl groups which may be optionally substituted by G, or C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl groups which may be optionally substituted by G.

C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl groups R ¹ or R ^{1 ′} which may be optionally substituted by G are typically phenyl, naphthyl, in particular 1-naphthyl, or 2-naphthyl, biphenylyl, terphenylyl, pyre Nil, 2-, 4- or 9-fluorenyl, phenanthryl, or anthryl, which may be unsubstituted or substituted, for example, by one or more C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl groups.

C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group R ¹ or R ^{1 ′,} which may be optionally substituted by G, represents a ring having 5 to 7 ring atoms, or a condensed ring system, wherein nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur is a possible hetero atom Heterocyclic groups having 5 to 30 atoms, typically having 6 or more conjugated [pi] -electrons such as thienyl, benzothiophenyl, dibenzothiophenyl, thianthrenyl, furyl, furfuryl, 2H-pyranyl , Benzofuranyl, isobenzofuranyl, dibenzofuranyl, phenoxycyenyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, bipyridyl, triazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl , Indolinyl, isoindoleyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolinyl, quinolyl, isokinolyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, frino Terridinyl, carbazolyl, carbolinyl, benzotriazolyl, benzoxazolyl, Phenantridinyl, acridinyl, pyrimidinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenazinyl, isothiazolyl, phenothiazinyl, isoxazolyl, furazanyl, 4-imidazo [1,2-a] benzimidazol, 5-benzimidazo [1,2-a] benzimidazol, carbazolyl or phenoxazinyl, which may be unsubstituted or substituted.

Preferred C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl groups are pyridyl, triazinyl, pyrimidinyl, 4-imidazo [1,2-a] benzimidazol, 5-benzimida [1,2-a] benzimida Crude, carbazolyl (eg, for example 3- (9-phenyl-carbazolyl) or 9-carbazolyl) or dibenzofuranyl (eg, for example dibenzofuran-2-yl or dibenzo Furan-4-yl), which may be unsubstituted or in particular C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl, or C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl substituted by C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl; Or C ₂ -C ₅ heteroaryl.

C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl and C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl groups may be substituted by G, preferably by one or more C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl groups.

L is a linking group or a single bond. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, L is a single bond. In another preferred embodiment, L is a group of formula-(A ⁴ ) _r- (A ⁵ ) _s -A ^6- , wherein r is 0 or 1; s is 0 or 1. L is preferably a single bond or a group of the formula-(A ⁴ ) _r- (A ⁵ ) _s -A ^6- , where r is 0 or 1; s is 0 or 1.

A ⁴ , A ⁵ and A ⁶ are independently of each other a C ₆ -C ₂₄ arylene group which may be optionally substituted by G, or a C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroarylene group which may be optionally substituted by G.

C ₆ -C ₂₄ arylene groups A ⁴ , A ⁵ and A ⁶ which may be optionally substituted by G are typically phenylene, naphthylene, in particular 1-naphthylene, or 2-naphthylene, pyrenylene, 2- Or 9-fluorenylene, phenanthryl or anthylene, which may be unsubstituted or substituted.

C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroarylene groups A ⁴ , A ⁵ and A ⁶ which may be optionally substituted by G represent a ring having 5 to 7 ring atoms, or a condensed ring system, wherein nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur are possible Heterocyclic groups which are heteroatoms and typically have from 5 to 30 atoms with at least 6 conjugated π-electrons such as thienylene, benzothiophenylene, dibenzothiophenylene, thianthrenylene, furylene, fur Furylene, 2H-pyranylene, benzofuranylene, isobenzofuranylene, dibenzofuranylene, phenoxycynilene, pyrrolylene, imidazolylene, pyrazolylene, pyridylene, bipyridylene, triazinylene, Pyrimidinylene, pyrazinylene, pyridazinylene, indolinylene, isoindoleylene, indoleylene, indazolylene, purinylene, quinolininylene, kynoylene, isokinylylene, phthalazinyl Lene, naphthyridinylene, quinoxalinylene, quinazolinylene, shin Linylene, putrinilylene, carbazolylene, carbolinylene, benzotriazolylene, benzoxazolylene, phenantridinylene, acridinylene, pyrimidinylene, phenanthrolinylene, phenazinylene, isothia Zoleylene, phenothiazinylene, isoxazolylene, furazanilene, carbazolylene or phenoxazinylene, which may be unsubstituted or substituted.

Preferred C ₆ -C ₂₄ arylene groups are 1,3-phenylene, 3,3'-biphenylylene, 3,3'-m-terphenylene, 2- or 9-fluorenylene, phenanthrylene, It may be unsubstituted or substituted.

Preferred C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroarylene groups are pyridylene, triazinylene, pyrimidinylene, carbazolylene, dibenzofuranylene, which may be unsubstituted or in particular C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl, or C ₁ C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl, or C ₂ -C ₅ heteroaryl, substituted by -C ₄ alkyl. The C ₆ -C ₂₄ arylene and C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroarylene groups may be substituted by G, preferably by one or more C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl groups.

의 기이고, 여기서 R¹⁵는 C₆-C₁₈아릴 기; 또는 1개 이상의 C₁-C₁₈알킬 기에 의해 치환된 C₆-C₁₈아릴 기이다.In a preferred embodiment, A ⁴ , A ⁵ and A ⁶ are each independently of the formula

Wherein R ¹⁵ is a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; Or a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups.

의 기이고, 여기서 A⁴, A⁵ 및 A⁶은 서로 독립적으로 화학식

의 기이고, 여기서In a preferred embodiment, L is of the formula-(A ⁴ ) _r- (A ⁵ ) _s -A ⁶ -or

Wherein A ⁴ , A ⁵ and A ⁶ are independently of each other

Where is where

R ⁴¹ may be the same or different at each occurrence and is substituted by F, C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, E and / or interrupted by C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl, G Substituted C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl, or C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl substituted by G,

m1 is 0 or an integer of 1 to 4,

m2 is 0 or an integer of 1 to 3,

r is 0 or 1; s is 0 or 1;

X ¹³ is -O-, -S- or -NR ^15- ,

R ¹⁵ is a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group; C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group interrupted by -O-; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl groups substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups or C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkoxy groups; A C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl group, or a C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl group substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups,

R ⁷ and R ⁸ are C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups,

E, D and G are as defined above.

Examples of preferred groups L are given below:

,

,

의 기가 바람직하다.Chemical formula

Group is preferred.

의 기를 포함함에 따라, 기 A¹, A² 및 A³은, 예를 들어 화학식

및

의 1개 이상의 기에 의해 치환될 수 있으며, 이로써 예를 들어 하기 화학식 III의 화합물이 생성된다.The term “C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group” refers to, for example, a formula

As comprising groups of, groups A ¹ , A ² and A ³ are for example

And

It may be substituted by one or more groups of, thereby yielding, for example, a compound of formula III.

<Formula III>

, 특히

의 기이고, A² 및 A³은 화학식

의 기이고, R¹ 및/또는 R^1'는 화학식Wherein A ¹ is

, Especially

And A ² and A ³ are

Is a group of R ¹ and / or R ^{1 '}

의 기이고, R¹⁶은 C₆-C₁₈아릴 기; 또는 1개 이상의 C₁-C₁₈알킬 기에 의해 치환된 C₆-C₁₈아릴 기, 예컨대 예를 들어 페닐, 나프틸 또는 비페닐릴이고, 이는 1개 이상의 C₁-C₈알킬 기에 의해 임의로 치환될 수 있다. R⁹¹, R⁹², R⁹³, R⁹⁴ 및 R⁹⁵는 서로 독립적으로 H, 또는 임의로 E에 의해 치환될 수 있고/거나 D가 개재될 수 있는 C₁-C₂₅알킬 기; 바람직하게는 H 또는 C₁-C₈알킬 기이다.

R ¹⁶ is a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; Or a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups, such as for example phenyl, naphthyl or biphenylyl, which is optionally substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl groups Can be. R ⁹¹ , R ⁹² , R ⁹³ , R ⁹⁴ and R ⁹⁵ are independently of each other a C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl group which may be substituted by H, or optionally E, and / or may be interrupted by D; Preferably H or a C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl group.

R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , R ¹¹ , R ¹² , R ¹³ and R ¹⁴ are independently of each other C ₁ -C ₂₅ which may be substituted by H, optionally E and / or may be interrupted by D Alkyl groups; C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group which may be optionally substituted by G, or C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group which may be optionally substituted by G.

R ⁴³ may be the same or different at each occurrence and is substituted by F, C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, E and / or interrupted by C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl, G Substituted C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl, or C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl substituted by G.

m3 is 0 or an integer of 1-4.

X ³ is N or CR ⁴⁸ , X ⁴ is N or CR ⁴⁹ , X ⁵ is N or CR ⁵⁰ , provided that at least one of X ³ , X ⁴ and X ⁵ is N.

X ⁸ is -N = and X ⁹ is> NL-, or X ⁹ is = N- and X ⁸ is> NL-.

p is 0 or an integer of 1 or 2. q is 0 or an integer of 1 or 2.

의 기는, 예를 들어 화학식

,

,

또는

의 기이다.Chemical formula

Group is, for example, a chemical formula

,

,

or

It is the flag of.

A ² and A ³ are independently of each other a C ₆ -C ₂₄ arylene group which may be optionally substituted by G, or a C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroarylene group which may be optionally substituted by G. The same preferred definitions for A ² and A ³ apply to A ⁴ .

,

또는

의 기이고, 여기서Preferably, A ² and A ³ are each independently of the formula

,

or

Where is where

R ₄₁ may be the same or different at each occurrence and is substituted by F, C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, E and / or interrupted by C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl, G Substituted C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl, or C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl substituted by G,

m1 is 0 or an integer of 1 to 4,

m2 is 0 or an integer of 1 to 3,

X ¹³ is -O-, -S- or -NR ^15- ,

R ¹⁵ is a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group; Or a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group interrupted by -O-; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl groups substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups or C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkoxy groups; A C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl group, or a C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl group substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups.

의 기는 화학식

의 기보다 덜 바람직하다.Chemical formula

Is a chemical formula

Less preferred than the group of.

의 기이고, 여기서 R¹⁵는 C₆-C₁₈아릴 기; 또는 1개 이상의 C₁-C₁₈알킬 기에 의해 치환된 C₆-C₁₈아릴 기, 특히

이다. 가장 바람직한 A² 및 A³은 화학식

의 기이다.More preferably, A ² and A ³ are each independently of the formula

Wherein R ¹⁵ is a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; Or C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl groups, in particular substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups

to be. Most preferred A ² and A ³ are

It is the flag of.

A ¹ is a “branching unit” having more than two linking sites. Examples of “branched units” are the aforementioned C ₆ -C ₂₄ arylene groups, or C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroarylene groups having three linking sites, which may be optionally substituted by G.

의 기이고, 여기서 R⁴¹은 상기 정의된 바와 같다. m5는 0 또는 1이고, m6은 0, 1 또는 2이다. m5는 바람직하게는 0이다. m6은 바람직하게는 0이다. 가장 바람직한 A¹은 화학식

의 기이다.An example of A ¹ is

Is a group wherein R ⁴¹ is as defined above. m5 is 0 or 1 and m6 is 0, 1 or 2. m5 is preferably 0. m6 is preferably 0. Most preferred A ¹ is of the formula

It is the flag of.

의 예는 하기에 제시된다:Desirable group

Examples of are given below:

R ¹ and R ^{1 ′} are independently of each other

,

,

의 기 또는 기 -(SiR²⁰R²¹R²²)이고, 여기서

Groups or groups-(SiR ²⁰ R ²¹ R ²² ), wherein

X ⁸ is -N = and X ⁹ is> NL-,

X ⁹ is = N- and X ⁸ is> NL-,

R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , R ¹¹ , R ¹² , R ¹³ and R ¹⁴ are independently of each other C ₁ -C ₂₅ which may be substituted by H, optionally E and / or may be interrupted by D Alkyl groups; A C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group optionally substituted by G, or a C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group optionally substituted by G,

R ¹⁶ is a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; Or a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups,

R ²⁰ , R ²¹ and R ²² are each independently of the other C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; Or a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups,

R ⁴³ may be the same or different at each occurrence and is substituted by F, C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, E and / or interrupted by C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl, G Substituted C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl, or C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl substituted by G,

R ⁹¹ , R ⁹² , R ⁹³ , R ⁹⁴ and R ⁹⁵ are independently of each other a C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl group which may be substituted by H, optionally E and / or may be interrupted by D;

m3 is 0 or an integer of 1 to 4, m4 is 0 or an integer of 1 to 3,

L, E, D and G are as defined above.

의 기 (k는 0, 1, 2 또는 3이고, R⁹¹은 H 또는 C₁-C₈알킬임), 예컨대 예를 들어More preferably, R ¹ and R ^{1 ′} are independently of each other

Groups (k is 0, 1, 2 or 3 and R ⁹¹ is H or C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl), for example

이고, R¹⁶은 C₆-C₁₈아릴 기; 또는 1개 이상의 C₁-C₁₈알킬 기에 의해 치환된 C₆-C₁₈아릴 기, 특히

이다.

R ¹⁶ is a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; Or C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl groups, in particular substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups

to be.

D is preferably —CO—, —COO—, —S—, —SO—, —SO ₂ —, —O—, —NR ⁶⁵ —, where R ⁶⁵ is C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, such as methyl, Ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, or sec-butyl, or C ₆ -C ₁₄ aryl such as phenyl, tolyl, naphthyl or biphenylyl.

E is preferably -OR ⁶⁹ ; -SR ⁶⁹ ; -NR ⁶⁵ R ⁶⁵ ; -COR ⁶⁸ ; -COOR ⁶⁷ ; -CONR ⁶⁵ R ⁶⁵ ; Or -CN; Wherein R ⁶⁵ , R ⁶⁷ , R ⁶⁸ and R ⁶⁹ are independently of each other C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, hexyl, octyl Or 2-ethyl-hexyl, or C ₆ -C ₁₄ aryl, such as for example phenyl, naphthyl, in particular 1-naphthyl, or 2-naphthyl, biphenylyl, terphenylyl, pyrenyl, 2- , 4- or 9-fluorenyl, phenanthryl or anthryl (which may be unsubstituted or substituted, for example with one or more C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl groups); Or C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl, such as for example pyridyl, triazinyl, pyrimidinyl, 4-imidazo [1,2-a] benzimidazol, 5-benzimidazo [1,2-a ] Benzimidazolyl, carbazolyl (eg, for example 3- (9-phenyl-carbazolyl) or 9-carbazolyl) or dibenzofuranyl (eg, for example dibenzofuran-2- 1 or dibenzofuran-4-yl) (which may be unsubstituted or especially substituted by C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl, or C ₆ -C ₁₀ aryl substituted by C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl) to be.

G has the same preferred definition as E, or C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, hexyl, octyl or 2-ethyl -Hexyl or C ₁ -C ₁₈ perfluoroalkyl, such as for example -CF ₃ .

R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ R ¹¹ , R ¹² , R ¹³ and R ¹⁴ are preferably H.

R ⁴¹ is preferably H, or C ₆ -C ₁₄ aryl, such as phenyl, tolyl, naphthyl or biphenylyl, which may be optionally substituted by C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl.

R ⁴³ is preferably H, or C ₆ -C ₁₄ aryl, such as phenyl, tolyl, naphthyl or biphenylyl, which may be optionally substituted by C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl.

m3 is preferably 0 or 1, most preferably 0. m4 is preferably 0 or 1, most preferably 0.

Examples of preferred compounds of formula I are the compounds A-1 to A-18, B-1 to B-18, C-1 to C-18 and D-1 to D-19 set forth in claims 9.

Halogens are fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.

C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl (C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl) is typically linear or branched (when possible). Examples are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec.-butyl, isobutyl, tert.-butyl, n-pentyl, 2-pentyl, 3-pentyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1 , 1,3,3-tetramethylpentyl, n-hexyl, 1-methylhexyl, 1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethylhexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, 1,1,3,3 Tetramethylbutyl, 1-methylheptyl, 3-methylheptyl, n-octyl, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl and 2-ethylhexyl, n-nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl , Tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl or octadecyl. C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl is typically methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec.-butyl, isobutyl, tert.-butyl, n-pentyl, 2-pentyl, 3-pentyl, 2 , 2-dimethyl-propyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl and 2-ethylhexyl. C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl is typically methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec.-butyl, isobutyl, tert.-butyl.

C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkoxy groups (C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkoxy groups) are linear or branched alkoxy groups, for example methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, sec-part Oxy, tert-butoxy, amyloxy, isoamyloxy or tert-amyloxy, heptyloxy, octyloxy, isooctyloxy, nonyloxy, decyloxy, undecyloxy, dodecyloxy, tetradecyloxy, penta Decyloxy, hexadecyloxy, heptadecyloxy and octadecyloxy. Examples of C ₁ -C ₈ alkoxy are methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, sec.-butoxy, isobutoxy, tert.-butoxy, n-pentyloxy, 2 -Pentyloxy, 3-pentyloxy, 2,2-dimethylpropoxy, n-hexyloxy, n-heptyloxy, n-octyloxy, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutoxy and 2-ethylhex Siloxy, preferably C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy, such as typically methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, sec.-butoxy, isobutoxy, tert.-butoxy to be.

The term "cycloalkyl group" is typically a C ₄ -C ₁₈ cycloalkyl, especially a C ₅ -C ₁₂ cycloalkyl, such as cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl, cyclodecyl, cycloundecyl, cyclo Dodecyl, preferably cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl or cyclooctyl, which may be unsubstituted or substituted.

C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl (C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl) which may be optionally substituted are typically phenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, naphthyl, in particular 1-naphthyl or 2-naphthyl, biphenyl Reel, terphenylyl, pyrenyl, 2- or 9-fluorenyl, phenanthryl or anthryl, which may be unsubstituted or substituted.

C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl (C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl) refers to a ring or condensed ring system having 5 to 7 ring atoms, wherein nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur are possible heteroatoms, typically 6 or more conjugated Heterocyclic groups having 5 to 30 atoms with π-electrons such as thienyl, benzothiophenyl, dibenzothiophenyl, thianthrenyl, furyl, furfuryl, 2H-pyranyl, benzofuranyl, isobenzo Furanyl, dibenzofuranyl, phenoxycyenyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, bipyridyl, triazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, indolinyl, isoin Doryl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolinyl, chinolyl, isokinolyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, pterridinyl, carbazolyl, Carbolinyl, benzotriazolyl, benzoxazolyl, phenanthridinyl, acridinyl, Pyrimidinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenazinyl, isothiazolyl, phenothiazinyl, isoxazolyl, furazanyl, 4-imidazo [1,2-a] benzimidazoyl, 5-benzimidazo [1, 2-a] benzimidazolyl, carbazolyl or phenoxazinyl, which may be unsubstituted or substituted.

Possible substituents of the aforementioned groups include C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl, hydroxyl groups, mercapto groups, C ₁ -C ₈ alkoxy, C ₁ -C ₈ alkylthio, halogen, halo-C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl or cya It is anger.

C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl (C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl) and C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl groups are preferably substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl groups.

The term "aryl ether group" is typically a C _6-24 aryloxy group, ie OC _6-24 aryl, such as for example phenoxy or 4-methoxyphenyl.

If a substituent, for example R ⁴¹ , appears more than once in the group, this may be different in each case.

The phrase "substituted by G" means that one or more, in particular 1 to 3 substituents G may be present.

As described above, the above-mentioned groups may be substituted by E, and / or may be interrupted by D, if desired. Intervention is of course only possible if the groups contain two or more carbon atoms bonded to each other by a single bond; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl is not interrupted; Interrupted arylalkyl contains unit D in the alkyl moiety. C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl substituted by one or more E and / or interrupted by one or more units D can be, for example, (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _1-9 -R ^x , wherein R ^x is H or C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl or C ₂ -C ₁₀ alkanoyl (eg, CO-CH (C ₂ H ₅ ) C ₄ H ₉ ), CH ₂ -CH (OR ^{y '} ) -CH ₂ -OR ^y ( Wherein R ^y is C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, C ₅ -C ₁₂ cycloalkyl, phenyl, C ₇ -C ₁₅ phenylalkyl, and R ^{y '} encompasses the same definition as R ^y or is H));

C ₁ -C ₈ alkylene-COO-R ^z , for example CH ₂ COOR ^z , CH (CH ₃ ) COOR ^z , C (CH ₃ ) ₂ COOR ^z , where R ^z is H, C ₁ -C ₁₈ Alkyl, (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _1-9 -R ^x , wherein R ^x encompasses the definition given above;

CH ₂ CH ₂ —O—CO—CH═CH ₂ ; CH ₂ CH (OH) CH ₂ -O-CO-C (CH ₃ ) = CH ₂ .

의 합성은, 예를 들어 문헌 [Achour, Reddouane; Zniber, Rachid, Bulletin des Societes Chimiques Belges 96 (1987) 787-92]에 기재되어 있다.

Synthesis is described, for example, in Achour, Reddouane; Zniber, Rachid, Bulletin des Societes Chimiques Belges 96 (1987) 787-92.

의 적합한 베이스 골격은 상업적으로 입수가능하거나 (특히 X가 S, O, NH인 경우에), 또는 당업자에게 공지된 방법에 의해 수득될 수 있다. WO2010079051 및 EP1885818을 참조한다.Chemical formula

Suitable base skeletons of are commercially available (particularly when X is S, O, NH) or can be obtained by methods known to those skilled in the art. See WO2010079051 and EP1885818.

Halogenation can be carried out by methods known to those skilled in the art. Bro at the 3 and 6 position (dibrominated) or 3 or 6 position (monobrominated) of the base backbone of Formula II 2,8 position (dibenzofuran and dibenzothiophene) or 3,6 position (carbazole) Preferred or iodinated is preferred.

Optionally substituted dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene and carbazole can be used at the 2,8 position (dibenzofuran and dibenzothiophene) or 3,6 position (carbazole) using bromine or NBS in glacial acetic acid or chloroform. Can be dibrominated. For example, bromination with Br ₂ can be carried out in glacial acetic acid or chloroform at low temperature, for example 0 ° C. Suitable methods are described, for example, when X = NPh [M. Park, JR Buck, CJ Rizzo, Tetrahedron, 54 (1998) 12707-12714, and when X = S. Yang et al., J. Mater. Chem. 13 (2003) 1351. 3,6-dibromocarbazole, 3,6-dibromo-9-phenylcarbazole, 2,8-dibromodibenzothiophene, 2,8-dibromodibenzofuran, 2-bro Mocarbazole, 3-bromodibenzothiophene, 3-bromodibenzofuran, 3-bromocarbazole, 2-bromodibenzothiophene and 2-bromodibenzofuran are commercially available.

Monobromination at the 4 position of dibenzofuran (and similar for dibenzothiophene) is described, for example, in J. Chem. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 7150. Dibenzofuran (dibenzothiophene) can be monobrominated at the 3 position by sequences known to those skilled in the art (including nitrification, reduction and subsequent Sandmeyer reactions).

Monobromination at the 2 position of dibenzofuran or dibenzothiophene and monobromination at the 3 position of carbazole are performed similar to dibromination, except adding only 1 equivalent of bromine or NBS do.

Alternatively, it is also possible to use iodinated dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene and carbazole.

Such preparations are described, inter alia, in Tetrahedron. Lett. 47 (2006) 6957-6960, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 24 (2005) 4976-4984, J. Heterocyclic Chem. 39 (2002) 933-941, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124 (2002) 11900-11907, J. Heterocyclic Chem, 38 (2001) 77-87.

For nucleophilic substitution, Cl- or F-substituted dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene and carbazole are required. Chlorination is particularly described in J. Chem. Heterocyclic Chemistry, 34 (1997) 891-900, Org. Lett., 6 (2004) 3501-3504; J. Chem. Soc. Section C: Organic, 16 (1971) 2775-7, Tetrahedron Lett. 25 (1984) 5363-6, J. Org. Chem. 69 (2004) 8177-8182. Fluorination is described in J. Chem. Org. Chem. 63 (1998) 878-880 and J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2, 5 (2002) 953-957.

의 도입은 염기의 존재 하에 수행된다. 적합한 염기는 당업자에게 공지되어 있으며, 바람직하게는 알칼리 금속 및 알칼리 토금속 수산화물, 예컨대 NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)₂, 알칼리 금속 수소화물, 예컨대 NaH, KH, 알칼리 금속 아미드, 예컨대 NaNH₂, 알칼리 금속 또는 알칼리 토금속 탄산염, 예컨대 K₂CO₃ 또는 Cs₂CO₃, 및 알칼리 금속 알콕시드, 예컨대 NaOMe, NaOEt로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된다. 또한, 상기 언급된 염기의 혼합물이 적합하다. NaOH, KOH, NaH 또는 K₂CO₃가 특히 바람직하다.group

The introduction of is carried out in the presence of a base. Suitable bases are known to those skilled in the art and are preferably alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides such as NaOH, KOH, Ca (OH) ₂ , alkali metal hydrides such as NaH, KH, alkali metal amides such as NaNH ₂ , alkali metals Or alkaline earth metal carbonates such as K ₂ CO ₃ or Cs ₂ CO ₃ , and alkali metal alkoxides such as NaOMe, NaOEt. Also suitable are mixtures of the aforementioned bases. Particular preference is given to NaOH, KOH, NaH or K ₂ CO ₃ .

의, 화학식

의 할로겐화 화합물에의 구리-촉매화 커플링 (울만(Ullmann) 반응)에 의해 수행될 수 있다.Heteroarylation, for example

Of chemical formula

Can be carried out by a copper-catalyzed coupling (Ullmann reaction) to a halogenated compound of.

N-arylation is described, for example, in H. Gilman and D. A. Shirley, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 66 (1944) 888; D. Li et al., Dyes and Pigments 49 (2001) 181-186 and Eur. J. Org. Chem. (2007) 2147-2151. The reaction can be carried out in a solvent or melt. Suitable solvents are, for example, (polar) aprotic solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), tridecane or alcohols.

의 합성은 WO2010079051에 기재되어 있다. 2-브로모-8-아이오도-디벤조푸란

의 합성은 EP1885818에 기재되어 있다.9- (8-bromodibenzofuran-2-yl) carbazole

The synthesis of is described in WO2010079051. 2-bromo-8-iodo-dibenzofuran

The synthesis of is described in EP1885818.

Dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene and carbazole containing diboronic acid or diboronate group can be readily prepared by increasing the number of routes. An overview of synthetic routes is described, for example, in Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 48 (2009) 9240-9261.

과 반응시킴으로써 수득될 수 있고 (문헌 [Prasad Appukkuttan et al., Synlett 8 (2003) 1204] 참조), 여기서 Y¹은 각 경우에 독립적으로 C₁-C₁₈알킬 기이고, Y²는 각 경우에 독립적으로 C₂-C₁₀알킬렌 기, 예컨대 -CY³Y⁴-CY⁵Y⁶- 또는 -CY⁷Y⁸-CY⁹Y¹⁰-CY¹¹Y¹²-이고, 여기서 Y³, Y⁴, Y⁵, Y⁶, Y⁷, Y⁸, Y⁹, Y¹⁰, Y¹¹ 및 Y¹²는 서로 독립적으로 수소 또는 C₁-C₁₈알킬 기, 특히 -C(CH₃)₂C(CH₃)₂-, -C(CH₃)₂CH₂C(CH₃)₂- 또는 -CH₂C(CH₃)₂CH₂-이고, Y¹³ 및 Y¹⁴는 서로 독립적으로 수소, 또는 C₁-C₁₈알킬 기이다.By one conventional route, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene and carbazole containing diboronic acid or diboronate groups are catalysts such as, for example, in dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dioxane and / or toluene. Halogenated di, for example in the presence of [1,1'-bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene] dichloropalladium (II), a complex (Pd (Cl) ₂ (dppf)) and a base such as, for example, potassium acetate Benzofuran, dibenzothiophene and carbazole (OY ¹ ) ₂ BB (OY ¹ ) ₂ ,

Can be obtained by reaction with (see Prasad Appukkuttan et al., Synlett 8 (2003) 1204), wherein Y ¹ is independently at each occurrence a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group and Y ² at each occurrence Independently a C ₂ -C ₁₀ alkylene group, such as -CY ³ Y ⁴ -CY ⁵ Y ⁶ -or -CY ⁷ Y ⁸ -CY ⁹ Y ¹⁰ -CY ¹¹ Y ^12- , wherein Y ³ , Y ⁴ , Y ⁵ , Y ⁶ , Y ⁷ , Y ⁸ , Y ⁹ , Y ¹⁰ , Y ¹¹ and Y ¹² independently of one another are hydrogen or a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group, in particular —C (CH ₃ ) ₂ C (CH ₃ ) ₂ -, -C (CH ₃ ) ₂ CH ₂ C (CH ₃ ) ₂ -or -CH ₂ C (CH ₃ ) ₂ CH _2- , Y ¹³ and Y ¹⁴ are independently of each other hydrogen, or C ₁ -C ₁₈ Alkyl group.

과 반응시킴으로써 제조될 수 있다 (문헌 [Synthesis (2000) 442-446] 참조).Dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene and carbazoles containing diboronic acid or diboronate groups also contain halogenated dibenzofurans, dibenzothiophenes and carbazoles with alkyl lithium reagents such as for example n-butyl lithium, or t- Reacted with butyl lithium, followed by boronic acid esters such as, for example, B (isopropoxy) ₃ , B (methoxy) ₃ or

It can be prepared by reaction with (see Synthesis (2000) 442-446).

과 반응시킴으로써 제조될 수 있다 (문헌 [J. Org. Chem. 73 (2008) 2176-2181]).Dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene and carbazoles containing diboronic acid or diboronate group also react dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene and carbazole with lithium amides such as, for example, lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) And boronic acid esters such as, for example, B (isopropoxy) ₃ , B (methoxy) ₃ or

It can be prepared by reaction with (J. Org. Chem. 73 (2008) 2176-2181).

Synthesis of pyrimidine building blocks is described, for example, in WO2012 / 080052 (US61 / 422249):

은, 용매 중에서 및 촉매의 존재 하에 등몰량의 할로겐화 트리아진, 예컨대 예를 들어

과 반응시킬 수 있다. 촉매는 μ-할로(트리이소프로필포스핀)(η³-알릴)팔라듐(II) 유형 중 하나일 수 있다 (예를 들어, WO99/47474 참조).Dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene and carbazole, including diboronic acid or diboronate group such as, for example,

Silver is an equimolar amount of halogenated triazine, such as, for example, in a solvent and in the presence of a catalyst

Can be reacted with. The catalyst may be of the μ-halo (triisopropylphosphine) (η ³ -allyl) palladium (II) type (see eg WO99 / 47474).

,

(여기서,

임)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 리간드의 첨가가 바람직하다. 리간드는 Pd를 기준으로 하여 1:1 내지 1:10의 비로 첨가된다. 또한 바람직하게는, 촉매는 용액 또는 현탁액 중으로서 첨가된다. 바람직하게는, 적절한 유기 용매, 예컨대 상기 기재된 것, 바람직하게는 벤젠, 톨루엔, 크실렌, THF, 디옥산, 보다 바람직하게는 톨루엔 또는 그의 혼합물이 사용된다. 용매의 양은 통상적으로 보론산 유도체의 몰당 1 내지 10 l 범위에서 선택된다. 유기 염기, 예컨대 예를 들어 테트라알킬암모늄 히드록시드, 및 상 이동 촉매, 예컨대 예를 들어 TBAB는 붕소의 활성을 촉진할 수 있다 (예를 들어, 문헌 [Leadbeater & Marco; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Eng. 42 (2003) 1407] 및 그에 인용된 참고문헌 참조). 반응 조건의 다른 변화는 문헌 [T. I. Wallow and B. M. Novak in J. Org. Chem. 59 (1994) 5034-5037; 및 M. Remmers, M. Schulze, G. Wegner in Macromol. Rapid Commun. 17 (1996) 239-252 및 G. A. Molander und B. Canturk, Angew. Chem., 121 (2009) 9404 - 9425]에 제시되어 있다.Preferably, the Suzuki reaction is carried out in the presence of an organic solvent such as an aromatic hydrocarbon or a common polar organic solvent such as benzene, toluene, xylene, tetrahydrofuran, or dioxane, or a mixture thereof, most preferably toluene. Is performed. Typically, the amount of solvent is selected in the range of 1-10 l per mole of boronic acid derivative. Also preferably, the reaction is carried out under an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon. In addition, the reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of an aqueous base such as an alkali metal hydroxide or a carbonate such as NaOH, KOH, Na ₂ CO ₃ , K ₂ CO ₃ , Cs ₂ CO ₃ , and preferably aqueous K _2. CO ₃ solution is selected. Typically, the molar ratio of base to boronic acid or boronic acid ester derivative is selected in the range from 0.5: 1 to 50: 1 and very particularly 1: 1. In general, the reaction temperature is selected in the range from 40 to 180 ° C., preferably under reflux conditions. Preferably, the reaction time is selected in the range of 1 to 80 hours, more preferably 20 to 72 hours. In a preferred embodiment, customary catalysts, preferably Pd-based catalysts, for coupling or polycondensation reactions are used, which are described in WO2007 / 101820. The palladium compound is added in a ratio of 1: 10000 to 1:50, preferably 1: 5000 to 1: 200, based on the number of bonds to be closed. For example, the use of palladium (II) salts such as PdAc ₂ or Pd ₂ dba ₃ , and

,

(here,

It is preferred to add a ligand selected from the group consisting of Ligands are added in a ratio of 1: 1 to 1:10 based on Pd. Also preferably, the catalyst is added as a solution or suspension. Preferably, suitable organic solvents are used, such as those described above, preferably benzene, toluene, xylene, THF, dioxane, more preferably toluene or mixtures thereof. The amount of solvent is typically selected in the range of 1-10 l per mole of boronic acid derivative. Organic bases such as for example tetraalkylammonium hydroxides, and phase transfer catalysts such as for example TBAB can promote the activity of boron (see, eg, Leadbeater &Marco; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Eng. 42 (2003) 1407 and references cited therein). Other changes in reaction conditions can be found in TI Wallow and BM Novak in J. Org. Chem. 59 (1994) 5034-5037; And in M. Remmers, M. Schulze, G. Wegner in Macromol. Rapid Commun. 17 (1996) 239-252 and GA Molander und B. Canturk, Angew. Chem., 121 (2009) 9404-9425.

Possible synthetic routes for Compound A-1 or similar compounds are shown in the following schemes:

Lichang Zeng, Thomas Y.-H. Lee, Paul B. Merkel and Shaw H. Chen, J. Mater. Chem. 19 (2009) 8772-8781. The synthesis of 2- (3-bromophenyl) -4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine is described in WO2011 / 019156.

Possible synthetic routes for compounds B-1 and B-13 are shown in the following schemes:

The synthesis of 4-chloro-2,6-diphenyl-pyrimidine is described in WO05 / 033084. Synthesis of 4,6-diaryl-2-chloropyrimidine can be performed according to or similarly to the method described in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry 43 (2006) 127-131.

The compounds of formula (I) are particularly suitable for use in applications where charge carrier conductivity is required, and in particular from switching elements such as organic transistors such as organic FETs and organic TFTs, organic solar cells and organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) Suitable for use in selected organic electronics applications, the compounds of formula (I) are particularly suitable for use in combination with phosphorescent emitters, in particular as matrix materials and / or hole / exciton blocker materials and / or electron transporting materials in light emitting layers in OLEDs. Turned out. When the compounds of the general formula (I) of the present invention are used in OLEDs, OLEDs are obtained which have good efficiency and long lifetime and can be operated in particular at low use and operating voltages. The compounds of formula (I) of the invention are particularly suitable for use as electron transport, matrix and / or hole / exciton blocker materials for blue and green emitters, for example blue light or dark blue light emitters (which are in particular phosphorescent emitters). In addition, the compounds of formula (I) can be used as transport (conductor) / complementary materials in organic electronics applications selected from switching devices and organic solar cells.

In the light emitting layer or one of the light emitting layers of the OLED, it is possible to combine the emitter material with the matrix material of the compound of the formula (I) and further matrix material, for example with good hole conductor (hole transport) properties. This achieves a high quantum efficiency of this light emitting layer.

When the compound of the formula (I) is used as a matrix material in the light emitting layer, and further as a hole / exciton blocker material, due to the chemical identity or similarity of the material, there is an improved interface between the light emitting layer and the adjacent hole / exciton blocker material. Obtained, which can lead to a decrease in voltage at equivalent brightness and an extension of the lifetime of the OLED. Moreover, the use of the same material in the matrix of the hole / exciton blocker material and the light emitting layer allows for a simplified process of manufacturing the OLED, since the same source can be used for the deposition process of one of the compounds of formula (I). to be.

Suitable structures of organic electronic devices are known to those skilled in the art and are specified below.

Organic transistors generally include a semiconductor layer formed from an organic layer having a hole transport capability and / or an electron transport capability; A gate electrode formed from the conductive layer; And an insulating layer introduced between the semiconductor layer and the conductive layer. The source electrode and the drain electrode are mounted in this arrangement to manufacture a transistor element. In addition, additional layers known to those skilled in the art may be present in the organic transistors.

Organic solar cells (photoelectric conversion elements) generally comprise an organic layer present between two plate-shaped electrodes arranged in parallel. The organic layer can be arranged on the comb-shaped electrode. There are no specific restrictions associated with the area of the organic layer, and there are no specific restrictions associated with the material of the electrode. However, when plate-shaped electrodes arranged in parallel are used, one or more electrodes are preferably formed from transparent electrodes, for example ITO electrodes or fluorine-doped tin oxide electrodes. The organic layer is formed from two sublayers, i.e., a layer having p-type semiconductor properties or hole transport capacity, and a layer formed to have n-type semiconductor properties or electron transport capacity. It is also possible for additional layers known to those skilled in the art to be present in the organic solar cell. Layers having electron transport capability may comprise a compound of formula (I).

It is likewise possible for compounds of formula (I) to be present as electron transport materials in both the light emitting layer (preferably as matrix material) and the hole blocking layer (as hole / exciton blockers) and / or in the electron transport layer.

The present invention relates to an anode An and a cathode Ka, and a light emitting layer E arranged between the anode An and the cathode Ka, and, where appropriate, at least one hole / exciton blocking layer, at least one electron / exciton blocking layer, at least one hole injection layer, one At least one additional layer selected from the group consisting of at least one hole transport layer, at least one electron injection layer, and at least one electron transport layer, wherein at least one compound of formula (I) is It further provides an organic light emitting diode that is present. One or more compounds of formula (I) are preferably present in the emissive layer and / or the hole blocking layer and / or the electron transport layer.

Structure of OLED of the Invention

Therefore, the organic light emitting diode (OLED) of the present invention generally has the following structure:

Anode (An) and cathode (Ka), and light emitting layer E disposed between anode (An) and cathode (Ka).

The OLEDs of the invention can be formed, for example, from the following layers-in preferred embodiments:

1. Anode

2. Hole transport (conductor) layer

3. emitting layer

4. Hole / exciter blocking layer

5. Electron transport (conductor) layer

6. cathode

Layer orders different from those mentioned above are also possible and are known to those skilled in the art. For example, the OLED may not have all of the layers mentioned; For example, OLEDs with layers (1) (anode), (3) (light emitting layer) and (6) (cathode) are likewise suitable, in which case layers (2) (hole conductor layers) and (4) The function of (hole / exciton blocking layer) and (5) (electron conductor layer) is estimated by the adjacent layer. OLEDs with layers (1), (2), (3) and (6), or layers (1), (3), (4), (5) and (6) are likewise suitable. In addition, the OLED can have an electron / exciton blocking layer between the anode 1 and the hole conductor layer 2.

In addition, a plurality of the above-mentioned functions (electron / exciton blockers, hole / exciton blockers, hole injection, hole conduction, electron injection, electron conduction) are combined in one layer, which is for example in a single material present in this layer. It is possible to carry out by. For example, the material used for the hole conductor layer may, in one embodiment, simultaneously block excitons and / or electrons.

In addition, the individual layers of the OLED among those specified above can be formed again from two or more layers. For example, the hole conductor layer may be formed from a layer into which holes are injected from the electrode, and from the hole-injecting layer into the light emitting layer. The electron conductive layer can likewise consist of a plurality of layers, for example a layer into which electrons are injected by an electrode, and a layer that receives electrons from the electron injection layer and transports them into the light emitting layer.

In order to obtain particularly efficient OLEDs, for example, the HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) of the hole transport layer must conform to the work function of the anode, and the LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) of the electron transport layer is dependent on the work function of the cathode. Provided that the above-mentioned layers are present in the inventive OLED.

The anode 1 is an electrode that provides a positive charge carrier. It may be formed from materials comprising, for example, metals, mixtures of various metals, metal alloys, metal oxides or mixtures of various metal oxides. Alternatively, the anode can be a conductive polymer. Suitable metals include metals and alloys of metals and main group metals, transition metals and lanthanoid metals, in particular metals of groups Ib, IVa, Va and VIa of the periodic table of elements, and transition metals of group VIIIa. Where the anode should be transparent, a mixed metal oxide of the Groups IIb, IIIb and IVb of the Periodic Table of Elements (IUPAC version), for example indium tin oxide (ITO), is used. Likewise, anode (1) is described, for example, in Nature, Vol. 357, pages 477 to 479 (June 11, 1992), it is possible to include organic materials, for example polyaniline. At least one of the anode or the cathode must be at least partially transparent so that it is possible to emit the light formed. The material used for the anode 1 is preferably ITO.

Suitable hole transport materials for layer (2) of the inventive OLEDs are described, for example, in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 4th edition, Vol. 18, pages 837 to 860, 1996. Both hole-transporting molecules and polymers can be used as the hole transporting material. The hole-transporting molecule typically used is tris [N- (1-naphthyl) -N- (phenylamino)] triphenylamine (1-naphDATA), 4,4'-bis [N- (1-naph Tyl) -N-phenylamino] biphenyl (α-NPD), N, N'-diphenyl-N, N'-bis (3-methylphenyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl] -4,4 ' , -Diamine (TPD), 1,1-bis [(di-4-tolylamino) phenyl] cyclohexane (TAPC), N, N'-bis (4-methylphenyl) -N, N'-bis (4- Ethylphenyl)-[1,1 '-(3,3',-dimethyl) biphenyl] -4,4'-diamine (ETPD), tetrakis (3-methylphenyl) -N, N, N ', N' -2,5-phenylenediamine (PDA), α-phenyl-4-N, N-diphenylaminostyrene (TPS), p- (diethylamino) benzaldehyde diphenylhydrazone (DEH), triphenylamine ( TPA), bis [4- (N, N-diethylamino) -2-methylphenyl) (4-methylphenyl) methane (MPMP), 1-phenyl-3- [p- (diethylamino) styryl] -5 -[p- (diethylamino) phenyl] pyrazoline (PPR or DEASP), 1,2-trans-bis (9H-carbazol-9-yl) cyclobutane (DCZB), N, N, N ', N '-Tetrakis (4-methylphenyl)-(1,1'-biphenyl) -4,4' -Diamine (TTB), 4,4 ', 4 "-tris (N, N-diphenylamino) triphenylamine (TDTA), 4,4', 4" -tris (N-carbazolyl) triphenylamine (TCTA), N, N'-bis (naphthalen-2-yl) -N, N'-bis (phenyl) benzidine (β-NPB), N, N'-bis (3-methylphenyl) -N, N ' -Bis (phenyl) -9,9-spirobifluorene (spiro-TPD), N, N'-bis (naphthalen-1-yl) -N, N'-bis (phenyl) -9,9-spirobibi Fluorene (spiro-NPB), N, N'-bis (3-methylphenyl) -N, N'-bis (phenyl) -9,9-dimethylfluorene (DMFL-TPD), di [4- (N, N-ditolylamino) phenyl] cyclohexane, N, N'-bis (naphthalen-1-yl) -N, N'-bis (phenyl) -9,9-dimethylfluorene, N, N'-bis ( Naphthalen-1-yl) -N, N'-bis (phenyl) -2,2-dimethylbenzidine, N, N'-bis (naphthalen-1-yl) -N, N'-bis (phenyl) benzidine, N , N'-bis (3-methylphenyl) -N, N'-bis (phenyl) benzidine, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4 -TCNQ), 4,4 ', 4 "-tris (N-3-methylphenyl-N-phenylamino) triphenylamine, 4,4', 4" -tris (N- (2-naphthyl) -N-phenyl-amino) triphenylamine, pyrazino [2,3-f] [1,10] phenanthroline-2,3-dicarbonitrile (PPDN), N , N, N ', N'-tetrakis (4-methoxyphenyl) benzidine (MeO-TPD), 2,7-bis [N, N-bis (4-methoxyphenyl) amino] -9,9- Spirobifluorene (MeO-spiro-TPD), 2,2'-bis [N, N-bis (4-methoxyphenyl) amino] -9,9-spirobifluorene (2,2'-MeO- Spiro-TPD), N, N'-diphenyl-N, N'-di [4- (N, N-ditolylamino) phenyl] benzidine (NTNPB), N, N'-diphenyl-N, N ' -Di [4- (N, N-diphenylamino) phenyl] benzidine (NPNPB), N, N'-di (naphthalen-2-yl) -N, N'-diphenylbenzene-1,4-diamine ( β-NPP), N, N'-bis (3-methylphenyl) -N, N'-bis (phenyl) -9,9-diphenylfluorene (DPFL-TPD), N, N'-bis (naphthalene- 1-yl) -N, N'-bis (phenyl) -9,9-diphenylfluorene (DPFL-NPB), 2,2 ', 7,7'-tetrakis (N, N-diphenylamino) -9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-TAD), 9,9-bis [4- (N, N-bis (biphenyl-4-yl) amino) phenyl] -9H-fluorene (BPAPF) , 9,9-bis [4- (N, N-bis (naphthalen-2-yl) amino) phenyl] -9H-fluorene (NPAPF), 9,9-bis [4- (N, N-bis (naphthalen-2-yl) -N, N'-bisphenylamino) phenyl] -9H-fluorene (NPBAPF), 2,2 ', 7,7'-tetrakis [N-naphthalenyl (phenyl) amino] -9,9'-spirobiflu Orene (spiro-2NPB), N, N'-bis (phenanthrene-9-yl) -N, N'-bis (phenyl) benzidine (PAPB), 2,7-bis [N, N-bis (9, 9-spirobifluoren-2-yl) amino] -9,9-spirobifluorene (spiro-5), 2,2'-bis [N, N-bis (biphenyl-4-yl) amino] 9,9-spirobifluorene (2,2'-spiro-DBP), 2,2'-bis (N, N-diphenylamino) -9,9-spirobifluorene (spiro-BPA), 2 , 2 ', 7,7'-tetra (N, N-ditolyl) aminospirobifluorene (spiro-TTB), N, N, N', N'-tetranaphthalen-2-ylbenzidine (TNB), Porphyrin compounds and phthalocyanines such as copper phthalocyanine and titanium oxide phthalocyanine. The hole-transport polymer typically used is selected from the group consisting of polyvinylcarbazole, (phenylmethyl) polysilane and polyaniline. It is likewise possible to obtain hole-transporting polymers by doping hole-transporting molecules into polymers such as polystyrene and polycarbonate. Suitable hole-transporting molecules are the molecules already mentioned above.

It is also possible-in one embodiment-to use carbene complexes as hole transport materials, wherein the band gap of at least one hole transport material is generally greater than the band gap of the emitter material used. In the context of the present application, "band gap" is understood to mean triplet energy. Suitable carbene complexes are, for example, carbene complexes as described in WO 2005/019373 A2, WO 2006/056418 A2, WO 2005/113704, WO 2007/115970, WO 2007/115981 and WO 2008/000727. One example of a suitable carbene complex is Ir (dpbic) ₃ having the formula:

This is for example described in WO2005 / 019373. In principle, it is possible that the hole transport layer comprises at least one compound of the formula (I) as the hole transport material.

The light emitting layer 3 comprises at least one light emitter material. In principle, they can be fluorescent or phosphorescent emitters and suitable emitter materials are known to those skilled in the art. The at least one emitter material is preferably a phosphorescent emitter. Phosphor emitter compounds which are preferably used are based on metal complexes, in particular complexes of metals Ru, Rh, Ir, Pd and Pt, in particular Ir complexes, which have increased in importance. The compounds of formula (I) can be used as matrices in the light emitting layer.

Metal complexes suitable for use in the OLEDs of the present invention are described, for example, in documents WO # 02/60910 A1, US 2001/0015432 A1, US 2001/0019782 A1, US 2002/0055014 A1, US 2002/0024293 A1, US 2002/0048689. A1, EP 1 191 612 A2, EP 1 191 613 A2, EP 1 211 257 A2, US 2002/0094453 A1, WO 02/02714 A2, WO 00/70655 A2, WO 01/41512 A1, WO 02/15645 A1, WO 2005/019373 A2, WO 2005/113704 A2, WO 2006/115301 A1, WO 2006/067074 A1, WO 2006/056418, WO 2006121811 A1, WO 2007095118 A2, WO 2007/115970, WO 2007/115981, WO 2008 / 000727, WO2010129323, WO2010056669 and WO10086089.

Further suitable metal complexes include commercially available metal complexes tris (2-phenylpyridine) iridium (III), iridium (III) tris (2- (4-tolyl) pyridinate-N, C ^{2 '} ), bis (2-phenylpyridine) (acetylacetonato) iridium (III), iridium (III) tris (1-phenylisoquinoline), iridium (III) bis (2,2'-benzothienyl) pyridinate- N, C ^{3 '} ) (acetylacetonate), tris (2-phenylquinoline) iridium (III), iridium (III) bis (2- (4,6-difluorophenyl) pyridinate-N, C ² ) picolinate, iridium (III) bis (1-phenylisoquinoline) (acetylacetonate), bis (2-phenylquinoline) (acetylacetonato) iridium (III), iridium (III) bis (di- Benzo [f, h] quinoxaline) (acetylacetonate), iridium (III) bis (2-methyldi-benzo [f, h] quinoxaline) (acetylacetonate) and tris (3-methyl-1-phenyl 4-trimethylacetyl-5-pyrazolino) terbium (III), bis [1- (9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoro -2-yl) isoquinoline] (acetylacetonato) iridium (III), bis (2-phenylbenzothiazoleato) (acetylacetonato) iridium (III), bis (2- (9,9-di Hexylfluorenyl) -1-pyridine) (acetylacetonato) iridium (III) and bis (2-benzo [b] thiophen-2-yl-pyridine) (acetylacetonato) iridium (III).

In addition, the following commercially available materials are suitable: tris (dibenzoylacetonato) mono (phenanthroline) europium (III), tris (dibenzoylmethane) -mono (phenanthroline) europium (III), Tris (dibenzoylmethane) mono (5-aminophenanthroline) europium (III), tris (di-2-naphthoylmethane) mono (phenanthroline) europium (III), tris (4-bromobenzoylmethane) Mono (phenanthroline) europium (III), tris (di (biphenyl) methane) mono (phenanthroline) europium (III), tris (dibenzoylmethane) mono (4,7-diphenylphenanthroline) europium (III), tris (dibenzoylmethane) mono (4,7-di-methylphenanthroline) europium (III), tris (dibenzoylmethane) mono (4,7-dimethylphenanthroline disulfonic acid) europium (III) Disodium salt, tris [di (4- (2- (2-ethoxyethoxy) ethoxy) benzoylmethane)] mono (phenanthroline) europium (III) and tris [di [4- (2- (2 -Ethoxyethoxy) ethoxy) benzoylmethane)] mono (5-aminophenant Raline) europium (III), osmium (II) bis (3- (trifluoromethyl) -5- (4-tert-butylpyridyl) -1,2,4-triazolato) diphenylmethylphosphine, Osmium (II) bis (3- (trifluoromethyl) -5- (2-pyridyl) -1,2,4-triazole) dimethylphenylphosphine, osmium (II) bis (3- (trifluoro Methyl) -5- (4-tert-butylpyridyl) -1,2,4-triazolato) dimethylphenylphosphine, osmium (II) bis (3- (trifluoromethyl) -5- (2- Pyridyl) pyrazolato) dimethylphenylphosphine, tris [4,4'-di-tert-butyl (2,2 ')-bipyridine] ruthenium (III), osmium (II) bis (2- (9, 9-dibutylfluorenyl) -1-isoquinoline (acetylacetonate).

(IX)의 화합물을 포함하며, 이는 WO 2005/019373 A2에 기재되어 있고, 여기서 기호는 하기 의미를 갖는다:The light emitting layer is preferably of the formula

A compound of (IX), which is described in WO 2005/019373 A2, wherein the symbols have the following meanings:

M is Co, Rh, Ir, Nb, Pd, Pt, Fe, Ru, Os, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, Cu, Ag and Au in any oxidation state possible for each metal atom A metal atom selected from the group consisting of;

Carbenes are carbene ligands that may be uncharged or monoanionic, and may be mono, bidentate, or tridentate, and the carbene ligand may also be a biscarbene or triscarbene ligand;

L is a monoanionic or anionic ligand, which may be single or bidentate;

K is phosphine; Phosphonates and their derivatives, arsenates and their derivatives; Phosphite; CO; Pyridine; An uncharged monodentate or bidentate ligand selected from the group consisting of nitrile and conjugated dienes forming a pi complex with M ¹ ;

n1 is the number of carbene ligands, where n1 is at least 1 and when n1> 1 the carbene ligands in the complex of formula (I) may be the same or different;

m1 is the number of ligands L, wherein m1 can be 0 or ≧ 1 and ligands L can be the same or different when m1> 1;

o is the number of ligands K, where o may be 0 or ≧ 1, and when o> 1 the ligands K may be the same or different;

Wherein the sum of n1 + m1 + o depends on the oxidation state and coordination number of the metal atoms, and on the order of ligand carbenes, L and K, and also on the charge of ligands, carbenes and L, provided n1 is 1 or more.

(IXa)의 금속-카르벤 착물이 보다 바람직하며, 이는 WO2011/073149에 기재되어 있고, 여기서 M, n1, Y, A², A³, A⁴, A⁵, R⁵¹, R⁵², R⁵³, R⁵⁴, R⁵⁵, R⁵⁶, R⁵⁷, R⁵⁸, R⁵⁹, K, L, m1 및 o는 각각 하기와 같이 정의된다:Carbene complexes which are suitable triplet emitters are described, for example, in WO2006 / 056418A2, WO2005 / 113704, WO2007 / 115970, WO2007 / 115981, WO2008 / 000727, WO2009050281, WO2009050290, WO2011051404 and WO2011073149. Chemical formula

More preferred are metal-carbene complexes of (IXa), which are described in WO2011 / 073149, where M, n1, Y, A ² , A ³ , A ⁴ , A ⁵ , R ⁵¹ , R ⁵² , R ⁵³ , R ⁵⁴ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁵⁶ , R ⁵⁷ , R ⁵⁸ , R ⁵⁹ , K, L, m1 and o are defined as follows:

M is Ir or Pt,

n1 is an integer selected from 1, 2 and 3,

Y is NR ⁵¹ , O, S or C (R ²⁵ ) ₂ ,

A ² , A ³ , A ⁴ and A ⁵ are each independently N or C, where 2 A = a nitrogen atom, at least one carbon atom is present between two nitrogen atoms in the ring,

R ⁵¹ is a linear or branched alkyl radical optionally interrupted by one or more heteroatoms and optionally has one or more functional groups, and has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, and optionally has one or more functional groups Cycloalkyl radicals having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aryl radicals optionally interrupting at least one heteroatom and having at least one functional group and having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, optionally having at least one heteroatom A substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl radical which is interrupted and optionally bears one or more functional groups and has a total of 5 to 18 carbon atoms and / or heteroatoms,

R ⁵² , R ⁵³ , R ⁵⁴ and R ⁵⁵ are free electron pairs when A ² , A ³ , A ⁴ and / or A ⁵ are N, or A ² , A ³ , A ⁴ and / or A ^{When 5} is C, each independently hydrogen, one or more heteroatoms are optionally interrupted and a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, optionally bearing one or more functional groups, optionally interrupted by one or more heteroatoms Cycloalkyl radicals optionally having one or more functional groups and having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aryl optionally interrupted by one or more heteroatoms and optionally bearing one or more functional groups and having 6 to 30 carbon atoms Substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl radicals optionally interrupted by radicals, one or more heteroatoms, optionally bearing one or more functional groups, and having a total of 5 to 18 carbon atoms and / or heteroatoms A group having a knife, donor or acceptor action, or

R ⁵³ and R ⁵⁴ together with A ³ and A ⁴ form an optionally substituted unsaturated ring which is optionally interrupted by one or more additional heteroatoms and has a total of 5 to 18 carbon atoms and / or heteroatoms,

R ⁵⁶ , R ⁵⁷ , R ⁵⁸ and R ⁵⁹ are each independently hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, optionally bearing one or more functional groups, 1 Cycloalkyl radicals optionally interrupted by at least one heteroatom and optionally having at least one functional group and having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by at least one heteroatom and optionally having at least one functional group and having 3 to 20 carbon atoms Cycloheteroalkyl radicals having, optionally substituted with one or more heteroatoms and optionally bearing one or more functional groups and having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, or substituted or unsubstituted aryl radicals with one or more heteroatoms and one or more functional groups Optionally has a total of 5 to 18 carbon atoms and / or heteroatoms Or is a group having an unsubstituted heteroaryl radical, donor or recipient action, or

R ⁵⁶ and R ⁵⁷ , R ⁵⁷ and R ⁵⁸ or R ⁵⁸ and R ⁵⁹ together with the carbon atom to which they are attached are optionally interrupted by one or more heteroatoms and have a total of 5 to 18 carbon atoms and / or heteroatoms To form a substituted saturated, unsaturated or aromatic ring, and / or

When A ⁵ is C, R ⁵⁵ and R ⁵⁶ together are saturated or unsaturated, optionally containing heteroatoms, aromatic units, heteroaromatic units and / or functional groups and having a total of 1 to 30 carbon atoms and / or heteroatoms; , To form a linear or branched bridge, wherein substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 8-membered rings comprising carbon atoms and / or heteroatoms are optionally fused,

R ²⁵ is independently a linear or branched alkyl radical optionally interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, optionally bearing one or more functional groups, and having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, and optionally one or more functional groups Cycloalkyl radicals having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aryl radicals having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, optionally interrupting at least one heteroatom and optionally bearing at least one functional group, at least one hetero A substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl radical optionally interrupted by an atom and optionally having one or more functional groups and having a total of 5 to 18 carbon atoms and / or heteroatoms,

K is an uncharged single or bidentate ligand,

L is a monoanionic or anionic ligand, preferably monoanionic ligand, which may be single or bidentate,

m1 is 0, 1 or 2, where the K ligands can be the same or different when m1 is 2,

o is 0, 1 or 2, where the L ligands may be the same or different when o is 2.

The compound of formula IX is preferably a compound of the formula

Homoligand metal-carbene complexes may exist in the form of cotton or meridian isomers, with cotton isomers being preferred.

In the case of heteroligand metal-carbene complexes, there may be four different isomers, with pseudo-face isomers being preferred.

The light emitting layer can include additional components in addition to the emitter material. For example, a fluorescent dye may be present in the light emitting layer to change the light emission color of the light emitter material. In addition-in preferred embodiments-matrix materials can be used. This matrix material may be a polymer, for example poly (N-vinylcarbazole) or polysilane. However, the matrix material may be a small molecule, for example 4,4'-N, N'-dicarbazolebiphenyl (CDP = CBP) or a tertiary aromatic amine, for example TCTA. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one compound of the formula (I) is used as matrix material.

In one embodiment of the invention, the compound of formula X is used as matrix material together with the carbene complex as triplet emitter in the emissive layer.

<Formula X>

Where

X is NR, S, O or PR;

R is aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl;

A ¹ is -NR ⁶ R ⁷ , -P (O) R ⁸ R ⁹ , -PR ¹⁰ R ¹¹ , -S (O) ₂ R ¹² , -S (O) R ¹³ , -SR ¹⁴ or -OR ¹⁵ and ;

R ²¹ , R ²² and R ²³ are independently of each other aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl, wherein at least one of the groups R ¹ , R ² or R ³ is aryl or heteroaryl;

R ⁴ and R ⁵ are independently of each other alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, group A ¹ , or a group having donor or acceptor properties;

n2 and m1 are each independently 0, 1, 2 or 3;

Or R ⁶ , R ⁷ together with the nitrogen atom form a cyclic moiety having 3 to 10 ring atoms, which may be unsubstituted or may be alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and donor or May be substituted with one or more substituents selected from groups having acceptor properties; May be cyclized with one or more additional cyclic moieties having 3 to 10 ring atoms, wherein the cyclized moiety may be unsubstituted, or may be alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and donor Or may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from groups having acceptor properties;

은 WO2010079051 (PCT/EP2009/067120; 특히 19 내지 26 페이지, 및 27 내지 34 페이지, 35 내지 37 페이지 및 42 내지 43 페이지 상의 표)에 기재되어 있다.R ⁸ , R ⁹ , R ¹⁰ , R ¹¹ , R ¹² , R ¹³ , R ¹⁴ and R ¹⁵ are independently of each other aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl. Compounds of formula X, such as, for example

Is described in WO2010079051 (PCT / EP2009 / 067120; in particular tables 19 to 26, and pages 27 to 34, 35 to 37 and 42 to 43).

Further matrix materials based on dibenzofuran are described, for example, in US2009066226, EP1885818B1, EP1970976, EP1998388 and EP2034538. Examples of particularly preferred matrix materials are given below:

및

은 WO2012/130709에 기재되어 있다.In the above-mentioned compounds, T is O or S, preferably O. If T is present more than once in the molecule, all groups T have the same meaning. Further matrix materials, such as for example

And

Is described in WO2012 / 130709.

In a preferred embodiment, the light emitting layer comprises from 2 to 40% by weight, preferably from 5 to 35% by weight of at least one of the aforementioned emitter materials and from 60 to 98% by weight, preferably from 75 to 95% by weight. It is formed from at least one of the matrix materials mentioned, in one embodiment, at least one compound of the formula (I), wherein the sum of the emitter material and the matrix material is added so that the total is 100% by weight.

또는

의 화합물 및 바람직하게는 화학식

의 2종의 카르벤 착물을 포함한다. 상기 실시양태에서, 발광 층은 2 내지 40 중량%, 바람직하게는 5 내지 35 중량%의

및 60 내지 98 중량%, 바람직하게는 65 내지 95 중량%의 화학식 I의 화합물 및

로부터 형성되고, 여기서 카르벤 착물 및 화학식 I의 화합물의 합계가 100 중량%가 되도록 첨가한다.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the emissive layer is of formula

or

And compounds of formula

Two carbene complexes. In this embodiment, the light emitting layer comprises 2 to 40% by weight, preferably 5 to 35% by weight.

And 60 to 98% by weight, preferably 65 to 95% by weight of the compound of formula (I) and

Which is added so that the sum of the carbene complex and the compound of formula (I) is 100% by weight.

Thus, in the OLED together with the compound of formula (I), the matrix material and / or hole / exciton blocker material and / or the electron / exciton blocker material and / or the hole injection material and / or the electron injection material and / or the hole transport material and / or the electron Metal complexes suitable for use as transport materials, preferably matrix materials and / or hole / exciton blocker materials, are also described, for example, in WO 2005/019373 A2, WO 2006/056418 A2, WO 2005/113704, WO 2007/115970, Carbene complexes as described in WO 2007/115981 and WO 2008/000727. Reference is hereby expressly made to the disclosures of the cited WO applications, which should be considered to be included in the content herein.

The hole / exciton blocking layer (4) may comprise a compound of formula (I), for example compound (A-9). In the case where the hole / exciton blocking layer (4) does not contain any compound of formula (I), the OLED is-in the presence of a hole blocking layer-a hole blocker material typically used in OLEDs, such as 2,6-bis ( N-carbazolyl) pyridine (mCPy), 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (batokuproin, (BCP)), bis (2-methyl-8- Quinolinato) -4-phenylphenylrato) aluminum (III) (BAIq), phenothiazine S, S-dioxide derivatives and 1,3,5-tris (N-phenyl-2-benzylimidazolyl) Benzene) (TPBI), which is also suitable as an electron-conductive material. Further suitable hole blockers and / or electron transport materials are 2,2 ', 2 "-(1,3,5-benzenetriyl) tris (1-phenyl-1-H-benzimidazole), 2- (4 -Biphenylyl) -5- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole, 8-hydroxyquinolinolitholithium, 4- (naphthalen-1-yl) -3,5- Diphenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole, 1,3-bis [2- (2,2'-bipyridin-6-yl) -1,3,4-oxadiazo-5-yl] Benzene, 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 3- (4-biphenylyl) -4-phenyl-5-tert-butylphenyl-1,2,4-triazole, 6,6 '-Bis [5- (biphenyl-4-yl) -1,3,4-oxadiazo-2-yl] -2,2'-bipyridyl, 2-phenyl-9,10-di (naphthalene -2-yl) anthracene, 2,7-bis [2- (2,2'-bipyridin-6-yl) -1,3,4-oxadiazo-5-yl] -9,9-dimethylflu Orene, 1,3-bis [2- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazo-5-yl] benzene, 2- (naphthalen-2-yl) -4,7-di Phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, tris (2,4,6-trimethyl-3- (pyridin-3-yl) phenyl) borane, 2,9-bis (naphthalen-2-yl) -4,7- Diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 1-methyl-2- (4- (I Thalen-2-yl) phenyl) -1H-imidazo [4,5-f] [1,10] phenanthroline In further embodiments, as hole / exciton blocking layer (4) or light emitting layer (3) As matrix material in, there are provided a compound comprising an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring bonded via a group comprising a carbonyl group (as described in WO2006 / 100298), disilylcarbazole, dissilylbenzofuran, dissilylbenzothiophene, Disilyl compound selected from the group consisting of disylyl benzophosphol, disylyl benzothiophene S-oxide and disilyl benzothiophene S, S-oxide (e.g., which have not yet been published on the priority date of the present application As specified in PCT applications PCT / EP2008 / 058207 and PCT / EP2008 / 058106), and it is possible to use disilyl compounds as disclosed in WO2008 / 034758.

It is also possible-in one embodiment-to use carbene complexes as hole transport materials, wherein the band gap of at least one hole transport material is generally greater than the band gap of the emitter material used. In the context of the present application, "band gap" is understood to mean triplet energy. Suitable carbene complexes are, for example, carbene complexes as described in WO 2005/019373 A2, WO 2006/056418 A2, WO 2005/113704, WO 2007/115970, WO 2007/115981 and WO 2008/000727. One example of a suitable carbene complex is fac-iridium-tris (1,3-diphenylbenzimidazolin-2-ylidene-C, C ^2I ) (Ir (dpbic) ₃ ) having the formula:

, 이는 예를 들어 WO2005/019373에 개시되어 있다. 바람직하게는, 정공 수송 층은 산화몰리브데넘 (MoO_x), 특히 MoO₃, 또는 산화레늄 (ReO_x), 특히 ReO₃으로 도핑된 Ir(dpbic)₃을 포함한다. 도펀트는 도펀트 및 카르벤 착물의 양을 기준으로 하여 0.1 중량%부터, 바람직하게는 1 내지 8 중량%, 보다 바람직하게는 3 내지 5 중량%의 양으로 함유된다.

This is for example disclosed in WO2005 / 019373. Preferably, the hole transport layer comprises Ir (dpbic) ₃ doped with molybdenum oxide (MoO _x ), in particular MoO ₃ , or rhenium oxide (ReO _x ), in particular ReO ₃ . The dopant is contained in an amount of from 0.1% by weight, preferably 1 to 8% by weight, more preferably 3 to 5% by weight, based on the amount of the dopant and the carbene complex.

Suitable electron transport materials for layer (5) of the inventive OLED include compounds of formula (I), for example compound (A-9); Metal chelated oxynoid compounds such as 2,2 ', 2 "-(1,3,5-phenylene) tris [1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole] (TPBI), tris (8-quinolinol Leyto) aluminum (Alq ₃ ), compounds based on phenanthroline such as 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (DDPA = BCP) or 4,7-diphenyl-1 , 10-phenanthroline (DPA), and azole compounds such as 2- (4-biphenylyl) -5- (4-t-butylphenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole (PBD) and 3 -(4-biphenylyl) -4-phenyl-5- (4-t-butylphenyl) -1,2,4-triazole (TAZ), 8-hydroxyquinolinolatritium (Liq), 4 , 7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BPhen), bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato) -4- (phenylphenolrato) aluminum (BAlq), 1,3-bis [2 -(2,2'-bipyridin-6-yl) -1,3,4-oxadiazo-5-yl] benzene (Bpy-OXD), 6,6'-bis [5- (biphenyl-4 -Yl) -1,3,4-oxadiazo-2-yl] -2,2'-bipyridyl (BP-OXD-Bpy), 4- (naphthalen-1-yl) -3,5-di Phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (NTAZ), 2,9-bis (naphthalen-2-yl) -4,7-diphenyl-1,10 -Phenanthroline (NBphen), 2,7-bis [2- (2,2'-bipyridin-6-yl) -1,3,4-oxadiazo-5-yl] -9,9-dimethyl Fluorene (Bby-FOXD), 1,3-bis [2- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazo-5-yl] benzene (OXD-7), tris (2, 4,6-trimethyl-3- (pyridin-3-yl) phenyl) borane (3TPYMB), 1-methyl-2- (4- (naphthalen-2-yl) phenyl) -1H-imidazo [4,5- f] [1,10] phenanthroline (2-NPIP), 2-phenyl-9,10-di (naphthalen-2-yl) anthracene (PADN), 2- (naphthalen-2-yl) -4,7 -Diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (HNBphen) Layer 5 serves as a buffer layer or barrier layer to facilitate electron transport and to prevent quenching of excitons at the interface of the layer of the OLED. Both may act, layer 5 preferably improves the mobility of the electrons and reduces the quenching of the excitons. In a preferred embodiment, BCP is used as the electron transport material. In another preferred embodiment, the electron transport layer comprises one or more compounds of formula (I) as the electron transport material.

Among the materials mentioned above as the hole transporting material and the electron transporting material, some may perform some functions. For example, some of the electron-conducting materials, when they have low HOMO, are also hole-blocking materials at the same time. These can be used, for example, in the hole / exciton blocking layer 4. However, the function as a hole / exciter blocker can likewise be exerted by the layer 5, so that the layer 4 may not be used.

In order to primarily increase the layer thickness (pinhole / shorting prevention) and secondly to minimize the operating voltage of the device, the charge transport layer can also be electronically doped to improve the transport properties of the materials used. For example, the hole transport material can be doped with an electron acceptor; For example, phthalocyanine or arylamines such as TPD or TDTA may be doped with tetrafluorotetracyanoquinomethane (F4-TCNQ) or MoO ₃ or WO ₃ . The electron transport material can be doped with Alq ₃ with alkali metal, for example lithium. Electron transport can also be doped with salts such as Cs ₂ CO ₃ or 8-hydroxyquinolato-lithium (Liq). Electron doping is known to those skilled in the art and is described, for example, in W. Gao, A. Kahn, J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 94, No. 1, 1 July 2003 (p-doped organic layers); AG Werner, F. Li, K. Harada, M. Pfeiffer, T. Fritz, K. Leo. Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 82, No. 25, 23 June 2003 and Pfeiffer et al., Organic Electronics 2003, 4, 89-103. For example, the hole transport layer can be doped with MoO ₃ or WO ₃ in addition to the carbene complex, for example Ir (dpbic) ₃ . For example, the electron transport layer can include BCP doped with Cs ₂ CO ₃ .

The cathode 6 is an electrode that acts to introduce electrons or negative charge carriers. Suitable materials for the cathode are alkali metals of group Ia of the periodic table of elements (IUPAC old version), for example alkaline earth metals of group Li, Cs, IIa, for example calcium, barium or magnesium, metals of group IIb (lanthanides and actinides, For example samarium). It is also possible to use metals such as aluminum or indium, and combinations of all the metals mentioned. In addition, alkali metal-comprising organometallic compounds or alkali metal fluorides such as for example LiF, CsF or KF may be applied between the organic layer and the cathode to reduce the operating voltage.

The OLED according to the invention may further comprise further layers known to those skilled in the art. For example, a layer may be applied between layer 2 and the light emitting layer 3 that facilitates the transport of positive charges and / or matches the band gaps of the layers with each other. Alternatively, this additional layer can serve as a protective layer. In a similar manner, an additional layer can be present between the light emitting layer 3 and the layer 4 to facilitate the transport of negative charges and / or to match the band gaps of the layers with one another. Alternatively, this layer can serve as a protective layer.

In a preferred embodiment, the OLED of the present invention, in addition to layers (1) to (6), comprises at least one of the following layers mentioned below:

A hole injection layer between the anode 1 and the hole-transport layer 2, having a thickness of 2 to 100 nm, preferably 5 to 50 nm;

An electron blocking layer between the hole-transport layer 2 and the light emitting layer 3;

An electron injection layer between the electron-transport layer 5 and the cathode 6.

Materials for the hole injection layer include copper phthalocyanine, 4,4 ', 4 "-tris (N-3-methylphenyl-N-phenylamino) triphenylamine (m-MTDATA), 4,4', 4" -tris ( N- (2-naphthyl) -N-phenylamino) triphenylamine (2T-NATA), 4,4 ', 4 "-tris (N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenylamino) triphenylamine (1T-NATA), 4,4 ', 4 "-tris (N, N-diphenylamino) triphenylamine (NATA), titanium phthalocyanine, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7 , 8,8-tetracyanoquinomidimethane (F4-TCNQ), pyrazino [2,3-f] [1,10] phenanthroline-2,3-dicarbonitrile (PPDN), N, N, N ', N'-tetrakis (4-methoxyphenyl) benzidine (MeO-TPD), 2,7-bis [N, N-bis (4-methoxyphenyl) amino] -9,9-spirobiflu Orene (MeO-spiro-TPD), 2,2'-bis [N, N-bis (4-methoxyphenyl) amino] -9,9-spirobifluorene (2,2'-MeO-spiro-TPD ), N, N'-diphenyl-N, N'-di- [4- (N, N-ditolylamino) phenyl] benzidine (NTNPB), N, N'-diphenyl-N, N'-di -[4- (N, N-diphenylamino) phenyl] benzidine (NPNPB) , N, N'-di (naphthalen-2-yl) -N, N'-diphenylbenzene-1,4-diamine (α-NPP). In principle, it is possible for the hole injection layer to comprise one or more compounds of formula (I) as the hole injection material. Further, polymer hole-injection materials such as poly (N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK), polythiophene, polypyrrole, polyaniline, self-doped polymers such as, for example, sulfated poly (thiophene-3- [2 [(2-methoxyethoxy) ethoxy] -2,5-diyl) (Plexcore® OC conductive inks commercially available from Flextronics), and copolymers such as poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly (4-styrenesulfonate) (also referred to as PEDOT / PSS) can be used.

As a material for the electron injection layer, for example, LiF may be selected. In principle, it is possible that the electron injection layer comprises at least one compound of the formula (I) as the electron injection material.

It is also possible to surface-treat some layers used in the OLEDs of the present invention to increase the efficiency of charge carrier transport.

The OLED of the present invention can be manufactured by methods known to those skilled in the art. In general, the OLEDs of the present invention are produced by continuous deposition of the individual layers onto a suitable substrate. Suitable substrates are, for example, glass, inorganic semiconductors or polymer films. For deposition, it is possible to use conventional techniques such as thermal evaporation, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD) and the like. In an alternative method, the organic layer of the OLED can be applied from a solution or dispersion in a suitable solvent using coating techniques known to those skilled in the art.

In general, the different layers have the following thicknesses: anode (1) 50 to 500 nm, preferably 100 to 200 nm; Hole-conductive layer (2) 5 to 100 nm, preferably 20 to 80 nm, light emitting layer (3) 1 to 100 nm, preferably 10 to 80 nm, hole / exciton blocking layer (4) 2 to 100 nm , Preferably 5 to 50 nm, electron-conductive layer (5) 5 to 100 nm, preferably 20 to 80 nm, cathode (6) 20 to 1000 nm, preferably 30 to 500 nm. The relative position of the recombination zones of the holes and electrons and thus the emission spectrum of the OLEDs in the OLEDs of the present invention in relation to the cathode can be influenced by the relative thickness of each layer, among other factors. This means that the thickness of the electron transport layer should preferably be chosen such that the location of the recombination zone matches the optical resonator characteristics of the diode and thus the emission wavelength of the emitter. The ratio of the layer thicknesses of the individual layers in the OLED depends on the material used. The electron-conducting layer and / or the hole-conducting layer is possible to have a thickness greater than the layer thickness specified when they are electrically doped.

The use of the compounds of formula (I) in one or more layers of the OLED, preferably in the light emitting layer (preferably as matrix material), and / or in the electron transport layer, and / or the hole / exciton blocking layer is highly efficient and low in use and operation. It is possible to obtain an OLED having a voltage. Often, OLEDs obtained by the use of compounds of formula (I) additionally have a high lifetime. The efficiency of the OLED can be further improved by optimizing the other layers of the OLED. For example, high-efficiency cathodes, such as Ca or Ba, may be used in combination with the intermediate layer of LiF, where appropriate. Molded substrates and novel hole-transport materials that result in a decrease in operating voltage or an increase in quantum efficiency are likewise usable in the inventive OLED. Moreover, additional layers may be present in the OLED to adjust the energy levels of the different layers and to facilitate electroluminescence.

The OLED may further comprise one or more second emissive layers. The total emission of the OLED can consist of the emission of two or more light emitting layers, and can also comprise white light.

OLEDs can be used in any device where electroluminescence is useful. Suitable devices are preferably selected from stationary and mobile visual display devices and lighting devices. Fixed visual display devices are, for example, visual displays in computers, televisions, televisions, printers, kitchen appliances and advertising panels, lighting and guidance panels. Mobile visual display devices are, for example, visual display devices for cell phones, laptops, digital cameras, MP3 players, vehicles, and destination displays for buses and trains. Further devices in which the OLEDs of the invention can be used include, for example, keyboards; Clothing items; furniture; It is wallpaper.

The invention also relates to a fixed visual display device, such as a computer, a visual display device of a television, a printer, kitchen utensils and advertising panels, lighting, guidance, comprising at least one organic light emitting diode of the invention or at least one light emitting layer of the invention. Visual display devices in panels, and mobile visual display devices such as cell phones, laptops, digital cameras, MP3 players, visual displays in vehicles, and destination displays of buses and trains; Lighting devices; keyboard; Clothing items; furniture; A device selected from the group consisting of wallpaper.

The following examples are included for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of the claims. Unless otherwise stated, all parts and percentages are by weight.

Example

Example 1

a) 11.3 g (50.0 mmol) 3- (2-aminophenyl) -1H-benzimidazol-2-one was added to 50 g polyphosphoric acid at 180 ° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 220 ° C. for 3 hours under nitrogen and poured into water. The product was filtered off and washed with water and methanol. 50 ml 30% sodium hydroxide solution was added to the suspension of the product in 200 ml THF. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, the organic phase was separated, dried over magnesium sulfate and the solvent was distilled off. 9.26 g of 6H-benzimidazolo [1,2-a] benzimidazole were obtained (yield: 89%).

Synthesis of 5H-benzimidazol [1,2-a] benzimidazole and 3- (2-aminophenyl) -1H-benzimidazol-2-one is described by Bull. Soc. Chem. Belg. 96 (1987) 787.

b) 9.7 ml (24.1 mmol) of n-butyl-lithium 2.5 M in hexane to 5 g (24.21 mmol) of 6H-benzimidazolo [1,2-a] benzimidazole in 100 ml anhydrous THF -78 under argon Add at ° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at -78 ° C for 15 minutes and then warmed to -25 ° C. The reaction mixture is then cooled to 0 ° C. and a solution of 2-chloro-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine, the synthesis of which is described in WO2010 / 067894, in 50 ml THF is added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 ° C. for 15 minutes and then heated at 60 ° C. for 24 hours under argon. The product was filtered off, washed with THF, dissolved in DMSO and poured into water. After filtration, 7.89 g of compound A-9 was obtained (yield: 79%).

Example 2

Synthesis of Compound A-10 was performed similarly to the synthesis of Compound A-9.

Example 3

Synthesis of Compound A-11 was performed similar to the synthesis of Compound A-9.

Example 4

Synthesis of Compound A-12 was performed similar to the synthesis of Compound A-9.

Example 5

The synthesis of 4H-imidazo [1,2-a] benzimidazoles is described in ARKIVOC 2002 (v) 48-61. Synthesis of compounds F-1a and F-1b was performed similar to the synthesis of compound A-9. The main isomer F-1a could be precipitated out of the reaction mixture and filtered. The mother liquor contained isomers F-1a and F-1b, which could be separated by HPLC.

Isomer F-1a:

Isomer F-1b:

Example 6

a) 7.78 g (25 mmol) of 1-bromo-3-iodo-benzene, 16.3 g (50.0 mmol) of cesium carbonate, 1.24 g (6.50 mmol) of copper iodide (I) and 1.50 g (13.0 of L-proline) mmol) was added to 5.18 g (25.0 mmol) of 5H-benzimidazole [1,2-a] benzimidazole in 100 ml dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) under nitrogen. The reaction mixture was stirred for 18 h at 100 ° C. under nitrogen and poured into water. The organic phase was extracted with dichloromethane. The organic phase was dried over magnesium sulfate. The solvent was distilled off. Column chromatography on silica gel with toluene gave the product (yield 8.35 g (92%)).

b) Synthesis of 2,4-diphenyl-6- [3- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) phenyl] pyrimidine is described in WO2012 / It is described in Example 1 of 080052. 1.77 g (4.89 mmol) of 5- (3-bromophenyl) benzimidazolo [1,2-a] benzimidazole and 5.63 g (24.4 mmol) of tertiary potassium phosphate monohydrate, 25 ml dioxane, 50 ml 2.55 g of 2,4-diphenyl6- [3- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) phenyl] pyrimidine with toluene and 12 ml water (5.86 mmol) was added. The mixture was degassed with argon. 120 mg (0.293 mmol) of 2-dicyclohexylphosphino2 ', 6'-dimethoxybiphenyl (SPhos) and 110 mg (0.049 mmol) of palladium (II) acetate were added. The reaction mixture was degassed with argon and stirred at 100 ° C. for 18 h under argon. 25 ml of 1% sodium cyanide solution was added and the reaction mixture was refluxed for 1 hour. Dichloromethane and water were added and the organic phase was separated. The organic phase was washed with water and dried over magnesium sulfate. Column chromatography on silica gel with toluene / ethyl acetate (15/1 and then 10/1) gave the crude product, which was crystallized from toluene (yield: 1.08 g (38%)).

Example 7

a) 20.0 g (78.8 mmol) of 1,3-dibromo-5-fluoro-benzene in 200 ml DMF, 16.3 g (78.8 mmol) of 6H-benzimidazolo [1,2-a] benzimidazole and 43.5 g (0.315 mmol) of potassium carbonate were stirred at 170 ° C. for 17 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered at high temperature and the precipitate was filtered from the mother liquor after cooling. The product was washed with water and ethanol and decanted with diethyl ether and ethanol (yield 21.2 g (61%)).

b) 1.50 g (3.40 mmol) of 5- (3,5-dibromophenyl) benzimidazolo [1,2-a] benzimidazole and 4.12 g (17.0 mmol) of tertiary potassium phosphate monohydrate, 15 ml Dioxane, 60 ml toluene and 12 ml water to 2,4-diphenyl-6- [3- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) To 3.54 g (8.16 mmol) of phenyl] pyrimidine. The mixture was degassed with argon. 84 mg (0.20 mmol) of 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2 ', 6'-dimethoxybiphenyl (SPhos) and 76 mg (0.034 mmol) of palladium (II) acetate were added. The reaction mixture was degassed with argon and stirred at 100 ° C. for 4 h under argon. 25 ml of 1% sodium cyanide solution was added and the reaction mixture was refluxed for 1 hour. Dichloromethane and water were added and the organic phase was separated. The organic phase was washed with water and dried over magnesium sulfate. The product was decanted twice with acetic acid. Product E-2 was washed with saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and dried (yield 69%).

Application Example 1-Hole Blocker and Electron Transport Material (ETM)

The ITO substrate used as anode was first washed with an acetone / isopropanol mixture in an ultrasonic bath. To remove any organic residue that may be present, the substrate was exposed to continuous ozone flow in an ozone oven for an additional 25 minutes. This treatment also improved the hole injection properties of ITO. The FlexCore® OC AJ20-1000 (commercially available from Flextronics Inc.) was then spin-coated and dried to form a hole injection layer (-40 nm).

(Ir(dpbic)₃; 제조에 대해, 출원 WO2005/019373에서 Ir 착물 (7) 참조)을 20 nm의 두께를 갖는 기판에 적용하고, 여기서 최초 10 nm를 MoO_x (~10%)로 도핑하여 전도도를 개선하였다.The organic materials specified below were then applied by vapor deposition to a clean substrate at a rate of approximately 0.5-5 nm / minute at about 10 ⁻⁷ −10 ⁻⁹ mbar. As hole transport and exciton blockers,

(Ir (dpbic) ₃ ; for preparation, see Ir complex (7) in application WO2005 / 019373) to a substrate having a thickness of 20 nm, wherein the first 10 nm was doped with MoO _x (˜10%) Improved conductivity.

, 10 중량%의 화합물 Ir(dpbic)₃ 및 60 중량%의 화합물

(H-1)의 혼합물을 30 nm의 두께로 증착에 의해 적용하였다.Subsequently, 30% by weight of the emitter compound,

, 10% by weight of compound Ir (dpbic) ₃ and 60% by weight of compound

A mixture of (H-1) was applied by vapor deposition to a thickness of 30 nm.

(A-9)를 차단제로서 5 nm의 두께로 증착에 의해 적용하였다. Cs₂CO₃으로 도핑된 이 재료의 추가의 층을 전자 수송 층으로서 20 nm의 두께로 증착에 의해 적용하고, 최종적으로 100 nm-두께의 Al 전극으로 장치를 완성하였다. 모든 조립 부품을 불활성 질소 분위기 하에 유리 뚜껑 및 게터로 밀봉하였다.Subsequently, the material

(A-9) was applied by vapor deposition to a thickness of 5 nm as a blocking agent. An additional layer of this material doped with Cs ₂ CO ₃ was applied by vapor deposition to a thickness of 20 nm as the electron transporting layer, and finally the device was completed with a 100 nm-thick Al electrode. All assembly parts were sealed with glass lids and getters under an inert nitrogen atmosphere.

Application Example 2-Hole Blockers and Hosts

Sample preparation was performed as in Application Example 1, but the setup was changed as follows:

(Ir(dpbic)₃; 제조에 대해, 출원 WO2005/019373에서 Ir 착물 (7) 참조)을 20 nm의 두께를 갖는 기판에 적용하고, 여기서 최초 10 nm를 MoO_x (~10%)로 도핑하여 전도도를 개선하였다.As hole transport and exciton blockers,

(Ir (dpbic) ₃ ; for preparation, see Ir complex (7) in application WO2005 / 019373) to a substrate having a thickness of 20 nm, wherein the first 10 nm was doped with MoO _x (˜10%) Improved conductivity.

, 10 중량%의 화합물 Ir(dpbic)₃ 및 60 중량%의 화합물

(A-10)의 혼합물을 40 nm의 두께로 증착에 의해 적용하였다. 후속적으로, 재료 (A-10)을 차단제로서 5 nm의 두께로 증착에 의해 적용하였다. Cs₂CO₃으로 도핑된 BCP

의 추가의 층을 전자 수송 층으로서 20 nm의 두께로 증착에 의해 적용하고, 최종적으로 100 nm-두께의 Al 전극으로 장치를 완성하였다.Subsequently, 30% by weight of the emitter compound,

, 10% by weight of compound Ir (dpbic) ₃ and 60% by weight of compound

The mixture of (A-10) was applied by vapor deposition to a thickness of 40 nm. Subsequently, material (A-10) was applied by vapor deposition to a thickness of 5 nm as a barrier. BCP doped with Cs ₂ CO ₃

An additional layer of was applied by evaporation to a thickness of 20 nm as the electron transporting layer, and finally the device was completed with a 100 nm-thick Al electrode.

Application Example 3-Hole Blocker and ETM

(A-11)을 화합물 (A-9) 대신에 5 nm 두께로 침착시켰다. 또한, 5% Cs₂CO₃으로 도핑된 화합물 (A-11)을 화합물 (A-9) 및 Cs₂CO₃ 대신에 전자 수송 층으로서 20 nm의 두께로 적용하였다.Sample preparation was performed as in Application Example 1, but the setup was changed as follows: The light emitting layer was 40 nm instead of 30 nm thick. Compound as hole blocking material

(A-11) was deposited to a thickness of 5 nm instead of compound (A-9). In addition, compound (A-11) doped with 5% Cs ₂ CO ₃ was applied at a thickness of 20 nm as an electron transporting layer instead of compound (A-9) and Cs ₂ CO ₃ .

Application Example 4-ETM

(Ir(dpbic)₃; 제조에 대해, 출원 WO2005/019373 중 Ir 착물 (7) 참조)을 20 nm의 두께를 갖는 기판에 적용하고, 여기서 최초 10 nm를 MoO_x (~10%)로 도핑하여 전도도를 개선하였다.Sample preparation was performed as in Application Example 1, but the setup was changed as follows: As hole transport and exciter blockers,

(Ir (dpbic) ₃ ; for preparation, see Ir complex (7) in application WO2005 / 019373) to a substrate having a thickness of 20 nm, wherein the first 10 nm was doped with MoO _x (˜10%) Improved conductivity.

, 5 중량%의 화합물 Ir(dpbic)₃ 및 85 중량%의 화합물

(H-2)의 혼합물을 40 nm의 두께로 증착에 의해 적용하였다. 후속적으로, 재료 (H-2)를 차단제로서 5 nm의 두께로 증착에 의해 적용하였다. 이후에, 50 중량%의 재료

(B-5) 및 재료

(Liq)의 혼합물을 전자 수송 층으로서 20 nm의 두께로 증착에 의해 적용하였다. 100 nm-두께의 Al 전극으로 장치를 완성하였다.Subsequently, 10% by weight of the emitter compound,

, 5% by weight of compound Ir (dpbic) ₃ and 85% by weight of compound

The mixture of (H-2) was applied by vapor deposition to a thickness of 40 nm. Subsequently, material (H-2) was applied by vapor deposition to a thickness of 5 nm as a barrier. 50% by weight of material thereafter

(B-5) and materials

A mixture of (Liq) was applied by vapor deposition to a thickness of 20 nm as the electron transport layer. The device was completed with 100 nm-thick Al electrodes.

Application Example 5-Hole Blocker and ETM

The fabrication and construction of the OLED was as in Application Example 4 except that the hole blocking material (B-5) was used instead of the hole blocking material (H-2).

To characterize the OLED, electroluminescent spectra were recorded at various currents and voltages. In addition, the current-voltage characteristic was measured along with the emitted light output. By calibrating the light output with a photometer it was possible to switch to photometric parameters. To measure the lifetime, the OLED was operated at a constant current density and the decrease in light output was recorded. The lifetime is defined as the time taken for the light emission to decrease to half of the initial light emission.

Application Example 1 to V in a 300 cd / m ² measured for the five of the apparatus, are shown in the following chromaticity coordinates according to the EQE (%), and the CIE at 300 cd / m ² Table:

¹⁾ External Quantum Efficiency (EQE) is the # of generated photons emitted from a material or device / # of electrons flowing through it.

Claims (17)

A material for use in an OLED, comprising a compound of formula (I)
<Formula I>

Where
X ⁶ is -N = and X ⁷ is -NR ^6- , or
X ⁷ is = N- and X ⁶ is -NR ^6- ,
R ⁶ is a chemical formula

or

Is a group of;
A ¹ is a “branching unit” having three linking sites,
A ² and A ³ are independently of each other a C ₆ -C ₂₄ arylene group which may be optionally substituted by G, or a C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroarylene group which may be optionally substituted by G; Wherein groups A ¹ , A ² and A ³ may be interrupted by one or more groups-(SiR ⁷ R ⁸ )-;
R ¹ and R ^{1 ′} independently of one another are C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl groups which may be substituted by H, optionally E and / or may be interrupted by D; A C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group optionally substituted by G, or a C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group optionally substituted by G,
R ⁷ and R ⁸ are independently of each other a C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl group, or a C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group which may be optionally substituted by G;
L is a single bond or a linking group;
X ¹ is N or CR ⁹ ,
X ² is N or CR ¹⁰ ,
X ³ is N or CR ⁴⁸ ,
X ⁴ is N or CR ⁴⁹ ,
X ⁵ is N or CR ⁵⁰ , provided that at least one of X ³ , X ⁴ and X ⁵ is N,
R ⁴⁸ , R ⁴⁹ , R ⁵⁰ , R ⁹ , R ¹⁰ , R ^{9 '} and R ^10' independently of one another are C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl which may be substituted by H, optionally E and / or may be interrupted by D group; A C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group optionally substituted by G, or a C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group optionally substituted by G; or
R ⁹ and R ¹⁰ and / or R ^{9 '} and R ^10' together form a ring, which may be optionally substituted,
p is 0 or an integer of 1 or 2; q is 0, or an integer of 1 or 2;
D is -CO-, -COO-, -S-, -SO-, -SO 2 -, -O-, -NR 65 -, -SiR 70 R 71 -, -POR 72 -, -CR 63 = CR 64 -Or -C≡C-,
E is -OR ⁶⁹ , -SR ⁶⁹ , -NR ⁶⁵ R ⁶⁶ , -COR ⁶⁸ , -COOR ⁶⁷ , -CONR ⁶⁵ R ⁶⁶ , -CN or halogen,
₂₄ aryl group, G is E, or C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group, a C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group, a C ₆ -C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl substituted by C; A C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group, or a C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group substituted by C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl;
R ⁶³ and R ⁶⁴ independently of one another are H, C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl substituted with C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkoxy; C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl; Or C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl interrupted by —O—;
R ⁶⁵ and R ⁶⁶ independently of one another are C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl groups; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl substituted with C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl or C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkoxy; C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group; Or a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group interrupted by -O-; or
R ⁶⁵ and R ⁶⁶ together form a 5 or 6 membered ring,
R ⁶⁷ is a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl groups substituted by C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl or C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkoxy; C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group; Or a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group interrupted by -O-,
R ⁶⁸ is H; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl groups substituted by C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl or C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkoxy; C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group; Or a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group interrupted by -O-,
R ⁶⁹ is C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl substituted with C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl or C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkoxy; C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group; Or a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group interrupted by -O-,
R ⁷⁰ and R ⁷¹ independently of _one another are C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups, C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl groups, or C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl groups substituted by C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl,
R ⁷² is a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group, a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group, or a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group substituted by C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, provided that the following compounds are excluded from the compounds of Formula I :

. The material of claim 1 wherein said compound of formula I is a compound of formula I '
<Formula I '>

Where
X ¹ , X ² , X ⁶ and X ⁷ are as defined in claim 1;
R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ and R ⁵ independently of one another are C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl groups which may be substituted by H, optionally E and / or may be interrupted by D; A C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group optionally substituted by G, or a C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group optionally substituted by G; Wherein E, D and G are as defined in claim 1. The material of claim 1 wherein said compound of formula I is a compound of formula II.
<Formula II>

Where
X ⁶ is -N = and X ⁷ is -NR ^6- , or
X ⁷ is = N- and X ⁶ is -NR ^6- ,
R ⁶ is a chemical formula

or

Is a group wherein A ¹ is

or

And A ² and A ³ are

or

Is the flag of,
R ¹¹ , R ¹² , R ¹³ and R ¹⁴ independently of one another are C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl groups which may be substituted by H, optionally E and / or may be interrupted by D; A C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group optionally substituted by G, or a C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group optionally substituted by G,
L, X ³ , X ⁴ , X ⁵ , R ¹ and R ^{1 ′} are as defined in claim 1 and R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ and R ⁵ are independently of each other to be substituted by H, optionally E C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl group which may be and / or may be interrupted by D; A C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group optionally substituted by G, or a C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group optionally substituted by G; Wherein E, D and G are as defined in claim 1. The material of claim 3, wherein R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , R ¹¹ , R ¹² , R ¹³ and R ¹⁴ are H. 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein R ¹ and R ^{1 ′} are independently of each other.

,

Groups or groups-(SiR ²⁰ R ²¹ R ²² ), wherein
X ⁸ is -N = and X ⁹ is> NL-,
X ⁹ is = N- and X ⁸ is> NL-,
C ₁ -C _{25 wherein} R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , R ¹¹ , R ¹² , R ¹³ and R ¹⁴ may be independently of each other substituted by H, optionally E and / or may be interrupted by D Alkyl groups; A C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl group optionally substituted by G, or a C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl group optionally substituted by G,
R ¹⁶ is a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; Or a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups,
R ²⁰ , R ²¹ and R ²² are each independently of the other C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; Or a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups,
R ⁴³ may be the same or different at each occurrence and is substituted by F, C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, E and / or interrupted by C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl, G Substituted C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl, or C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl substituted by G,
R ⁹¹ , R ⁹² , R ⁹³ , R ⁹⁴ and R ⁹⁵ are independently of each other a C ₁ -C ₂₅ alkyl group which may be substituted by H, optionally E and / or may be interrupted by D;
m3 is 0 or an integer of 1 to 4, m4 is 0 or an integer of 1 to 3,
L, E, D and G are as defined in claim 1
material. The compound of claim 5, wherein R ¹ and R ^{1 ′} are independently of each other.

,

Wherein R ¹⁶ is a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; Or a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups
material. The compound of claim 1, wherein L is a single bond, the formula-(A ⁴ ) _r- (A ⁵ ) _s -A ⁶ -or

Where is where
A ⁴ , A ⁵ and A ⁶ are independently of each other

,

or

Where is where
R ⁴¹ may be the same or different at each occurrence and is substituted by F, C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, E and / or interrupted by C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl, G Substituted C ₆ -C ₂₄ aryl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl, or C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl substituted by G,
m1 is 0 or an integer of 1 to 4,
m2 is 0 or an integer of 1 to 3,
r is 0 or 1; s is 0 or 1;
X ¹³ is -O-, -S- or -NR ^15- ,
R ¹⁵ is a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group; C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl group interrupted by -O-; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl groups substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups or C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkoxy groups; A C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl group, or a C ₂ -C ₂₀ heteroaryl group substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups,
R ⁷ and R ⁸ are C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups,
E, D and G are as defined in claim 1
material. 8. A compound according to claim 7, wherein A ⁴ , A ⁵ and A ⁶ are independently of each other

Where is where
R ¹⁵ is a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group; Or a C ₆ -C ₁₈ aryl group substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl groups
material. The material of claim 1 comprising the following compounds.

¹⁾ R ¹ is

It is the flag of.
²⁾ R ¹ is

It is the flag of.
³⁾ dotted line

The bond to the group of is shown.

An electronic device comprising the material of claim 1. The electronic device of claim 10 which is an electroluminescent device. A light emitting layer comprising the material according to claim 1. The light emitting layer according to claim 12, comprising a material according to any one of claims 1 to 9 as a host material in combination with a phosphorescent emitter. An apparatus selected from an electrophotographic photoreceptor, a photovoltaic converter, an organic solar cell (organic photovoltaic), a switching element, an organic light emitting field effect transistor (OLEFET), an image sensor and a dye laser comprising the material according to claim 1. An electron transport layer comprising the material of claim 1. A hole or exciton blocking layer comprising the material according to claim 1. A fixed visual display device comprising a organic electronic device according to claim 10, a light emitting layer according to claim 12, an electron transporting layer according to claim 15, or a hole or exciton blocking layer according to claim 16, and a mobile visual display device. ; Lighting devices; keyboard; Clothing items; furniture; Device selected from the group consisting of wallpaper.