KR20190076398A - Deterioration type diagnosis system and method of solar cell module for stable power energy production - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a deterioration type diagnosis system of a solar cell module for stable power energy production, and a method thereof. The present invention can easily perform information gathering or deterioration phenomenon diagnosis of a solar cell module installed in a roof, a wall surface, or the like, easily monitor a power generation amount in a solar photovoltaic power generation site having a plurality of modules, and perform failure diagnosis.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a deterioration diagnosis system and method for a solar cell module for stable power generation,

The present invention relates to a system and method for diagnosing degradation of a solar cell module for stable power energy production.

Photovoltaic power generation using solar cell modules is becoming more popular every year because it is easy to install in buildings and there is no additional cost for power generation. However, the solar cell module naturally declines in power generation efficiency year by year, and therefore, it needs to be replaced when it deviates from the constant power generation efficiency. The period of actual use is shorter than the expected life expectancy or expected replacement time suggested by the sales person because the solar cell module in the external environment is exposed to various physical and logical failures.

Solar cell modules are installed on the outside and are installed on the roof, roof, and wall where installation places are often difficult for people to access and hard to grasp in detail to avoid obstacles such as shadows. Exposed solar cell modules are subject to deterioration due to direct or indirect logical or physical damage such as weather conditions, external impacts, or equipment failure. The deterioration phenomenon degrades the efficiency of the solar cell module and shortens its service life. Even if only one cell is destroyed in the module composed of many cells, the deterioration phenomenon affects other cells, It is important.

However, unlike a malfunction, which is easy to distinguish from the naked eye, such as dust or physical destruction, logical and physical damage inside can not be distinguished by the naked eye, but can only be detected by using a high-cost instrument such as a thermal infrared camera . Therefore, in order to solve this problem, there are various kinds of patents that can easily identify whether there is a failure or deterioration diagnosis of a solar cell module and transmit it to a user.

Analysis of existing patents and technologies reveals that the "power conversion device for photovoltaic generation with deterioration diagnosis function of solar cell array and its operating method" (Publication No. 10-2009-0024929) And a deterioration diagnosis function using a solar radiation meter and a temperature sensor. In this patent, degradation diagnosis is performed through the final output amount converted to PCS, which is disadvantageous in that it is difficult to diagnose deterioration of each individual solar cell module and it is difficult to determine the type of deterioration. In addition, it is difficult to identify the degraded module. Therefore, in the case of deteriorating the diagnosis of hundreds of modules, an additional method is needed to find the module in which the deteriorated module has occurred. &Quot; System and method for detecting presence / absence of photovoltaic device abnormality " (Registration No. 10-1061025) monitors a plurality of solar cell modules through an inverter. In addition, if a failure occurs in the components constituting the solar power generation such as an inverter other than a solar cell module, there is a disadvantage that it is easily mistaken as a problem of degradation of the solar cell module. &Quot; Solar Cell Reliability Test Method and Apparatus " (Registration No. 10-1146325) and " Solar Cell Inspection Method and Inspection Apparatus " (Publication No. 10-2013-0098144) judge malfunction or failure of individual solar cell modules, There is a disadvantage that it is necessary to temporarily stop the photovoltaic device for diagnosis. In addition, it has a disadvantage that inspection time of many solar cell modules is long.

The above-mentioned technologies can be divided into a method of diagnosing a fault in a system unit instead of a solar cell module, and a method of separately diagnosing a solar cell module. However, such conventional patents and techniques fail to diagnose deterioration of a plurality of solar cell modules and can not determine the type of deterioration or the cause of the deterioration.

In order to solve the problems of the prior art described above, the present invention proposes a system and method for diagnosing a deterioration type of a solar cell module for stable power energy production in which the accuracy of degradation information is improved and the user can report immediately.

In order to achieve the above object, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a system for diagnosing a degradation type of a solar cell module for stable power energy production.

According to the present invention, the accuracy of deterioration information and the convenience of monitoring deterioration information are emphasized compared with the existing patent. Therefore, information gathering and deterioration diagnosis of the solar cell module installed on the roof or wall can be easily performed, and it is possible to easily monitor the generation amount and diagnose the fault in the solar cell complex having a large number of modules in real time.

1 is a solar cell module 100. Fig.
2 is a solar cell module monitoring hardware 200 to be installed in a module, respectively.
3 is a hardware 300 for collecting temperature, humidity and radiation.
4 is hardware 400 for storing, analyzing and diagnosing deterioration information.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a connection mode of the solar cell module monitoring hardware to be installed in the module, respectively.
6 is a diagram illustrating a specific deterioration diagnosis process according to the present embodiment.
7 is a diagram illustrating Maximum Power Point Tracking required for real-time generation amount information.
8 is a diagram showing a diagnosis of degradation due to partial shading such as shadows.
9 is a diagram showing a diagnosis of deterioration phenomenon caused by a failure of some cells or a logical circuit problem.
FIG. 10 is a view showing a case where a plurality of cells are completely covered and a deterioration phenomenon occurs.
11 is a view showing a diagnosis of deterioration phenomenon when the solar module is completely recovered.
12 is a diagram showing an estimated power generation amount model.

While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail.

It should be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the system configuration of the present invention is as follows.

1 is a solar cell module 100. Fig. The solar cell module comprises a plurality of cells 101, a positive terminal 102 and a negative terminal 103. The positive (+) terminal 102 and the negative (-) terminal 103 are connected to the solar power generation controller.

2 is a solar cell module monitoring hardware 200 to be installed in a module, respectively. The electrical energy generated in the solar cell module 100 is firstly connected to the left hardware connection terminal 201 through the (+) terminal 102 and the (-) terminal 103, and the right side hardware connection terminal 201 ). Specifically, the connection form is as shown in FIG. 5 (501). The solar cell module monitoring hardware 200 shown in FIG. 2 measures the current and the voltage between several seconds and several minutes. To this end, the digital variable resistor 203 changes from 0 ohm to several M ohms, Is obtained through the current sensor 205 and the voltage sensor 204. The obtained information is transmitted to the hardware 400 for storing and analyzing deterioration information through the wireless communication module 207 and the wireless communication antenna 208 via the CPU 206. [

3 is a hardware 300 for collecting temperature, humidity and radiation. The digital temperature sensor 301, the digital humidity sensor 302 and the digital radiation dose sensor 303 store, analyze, and diagnose deterioration information through the CPU 304 and the wireless communication module 305 and the wireless communication antenna 306 And transmitted to the hardware 400.

4 is hardware 400 for storing, analyzing and diagnosing deterioration information. The wireless communication device 401 shows the deterioration information and informs the consumer through the wireless communication network 402. The weather information and specification information database 403 transmits information to the hardware 400 for storing, analyzing and diagnosing deterioration information through the wired / wireless communication network 403. Information sent from the solar module monitoring hardware 200 and the hardware 300 collecting the temperature and humidity and radiation is received by the wireless communication module 405 and the antenna 406 and is subjected to deterioration analysis processing And sends information to the device 410. The deterioration analysis processing apparatus 410 diagnoses the type of deterioration and the type of deterioration as described below through the transmitted information.

How to diagnose the next kind of degradation is as follows.

FIG. 6 shows a specific deterioration diagnosis process.

First, it is necessary to determine whether or not the deterioration is deteriorated before diagnosing the type of degradation. To do so, the estimated power generation model shown in FIG. 12 should be created. For the expected power generation model, the FF value is obtained by using the basic specification information of the solar cell module, and the power generation model is made based on the FF value based on the temperature, irradiation amount, and yearly information. The estimated power generation model is determined to be in a normal state as long as the error range does not deviate from the real-time power generation amount, and it is judged that the deterioration phenomenon occurs when the power is deviated more than the error (600). .

FIG. 7 relates to Maximum Power Point Tracking required for real-time generation amount information.

Solar cells have a complex relationship with solar radiation, temperature, total resistance, etc., and have nonlinear output efficiency characteristics called I-V curves. The PV controller usually finds the maximum power point through MPPT and outputs it to the output. Therefore, the MPPT based on the MPPT is a real-time power amount. In the present invention, the real-time power amount of the solar cell module is determined as the MPP point.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a degradation phenomenon caused by partial shading such as shadows.

There are two cases in which the power generation of the solar cell module suddenly decreases and then the solar cell module returns to the normal state. The first one is due to temporary weather conditions such as clouds. The second is when solar cells are temporarily hidden (601,602), such as shadows, suspended matter, and birds. Therefore, if the generation of electricity suddenly decreases, first check whether it is due to the weather condition (600). If it is judged that it is not caused by the next weather condition, it is judged whether the decrease of power generation continues or not (601) If the generation decrease continues, it is judged to be another cause.

9 is a diagnosis of deterioration due to a failure of some cells or a problem of a logical circuit (604)

If it is judged that the generation amount is not recovered and it is not partial shading in FIG. 7, the maximum power point (MPP) is found through the IV graph to find the current power generation point. If this point drops by 10-30% compared to the expected MPP, some cell degradation may have occurred or the circuit may have experienced a problem.

10 shows a case where a plurality of cells are completely covered and a deterioration phenomenon occurs. (605)

8 is a case where efficiency deterioration occurs in a plurality of cells in the case of FIG. 8, and a case where a plurality of cells are completely recovered in the case of FIG. If some of the cells are completely recovered, it is judged that the cell efficiency is over 30%, which is 30% or more lower than the expected MPP. Especially, when the MPP point is significantly smaller than the expected MPP point by 50% or more, the vertically arranged cells of the solar cell module are destroyed. If the voltage value is greatly reduced by 50% or more as compared with the expected MPP point, It is judged that the horizontally arranged cells are destroyed.

11 is a deterioration phenomenon diagnosis when the solar module is completely washed. (603)

In this case, it is judged that the photovoltaic module is completely recovered when the MPP point can not be measured.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Should be regarded as belonging to the following claims.

Claims (1)

Diagnosis system of degradation type of solar cell module for stable power energy production.

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