KR20190057974A - System of monitoring photovoltaic power generation - Google Patents

Abstract

A photovoltaic power generation management system for diagnosing the state of a photovoltaic power generation system including a solar cell array and a photovoltaic inverter comprises: a weather information collecting unit for measuring at least one of a solar radiation amount, temperature, humidity, wind direction and speed to generate first weather data; a power generation amount predicting unit for predicting a power generation amount of the photovoltaic power generation system based on the first weather data and calculating a first power generation amount; a power generation amount measuring unit which is arranged at an output terminal of the photovoltaic inverter or between the solar cell array and the photovoltaic inverter, and measures a power generation amount of the photovoltaic power generation system to calculate a second power generation amount; and a control unit which calculates efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system by comparing the first power generation amount and second power generation amount, and determines at least one of a failure occurrence point and a failure occurrence cause based on the second power generation amount when the efficiency is out of a reference efficiency range. Thus, an error of the photovoltaic power generation management system due to an error of the weather information can be reduced.

Description

SYSTEM OF MONITORING PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER GENERATION [0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solar power generation management system, and more particularly, to a solar power generation management system for predicting and determining occurrence of a failure of a solar power generation system.

The photovoltaic power generation device is a device that generates electricity using solar light, and is composed of a solar power generation module and a solar cell module. In the PV module, electricity is produced as DC and converted to AC by inverter.

Photovoltaic devices consist of several components, and in case of failure or malfunction in each of the components, it is necessary to immediately detect and take action.

However, it is difficult to easily detect whether there is an abnormality in the solar cell module, an abnormality in the solar cell module, or an abnormality in the inverter. In addition, it is very difficult to determine the standard value of solar power generation because the amount of sunlight varies depending on the weather and the altitude and direction of the sun which changes according to the season.

Korean Patent No. 1,728,692 (issued on Apr. 20, 2017) is related to a failure prediction monitoring system and method for a photovoltaic module, including a database in which a trend of real-time change of solar power generation by date and time is stored in advance, Discloses a configuration for determining whether or not a solar power generation module is faulty by calculating an expected solar power generation amount in consideration of temperature.

Korean Registered Patent No. 1,728,692 (Announced 2014.04.20) Korean Registered Patent No. 1,593,962 (February 15, 2015)

The present invention provides a photovoltaic power generation management system capable of determining whether or not a fault occurs in a photovoltaic power generation system, a fault location, and a cause of a fault.

The present invention provides a solar power generation management system capable of predicting the deterioration of a solar power generation system.

In order to accomplish the above object, the solar power generation management system according to the embodiments of the present invention can diagnose the state of the solar power generation system including the solar cell array and the solar inverter. The solar power generation management system includes: a weather information collecting unit for generating first weather data by measuring at least one of an irradiation amount, a temperature, a humidity, a wind direction and a wind speed; A power generation amount predicting unit for predicting a power generation amount of the solar power generation system based on the first meteorological data to calculate a first power generation amount; A power generation amount measuring unit disposed at the output terminal of the solar inverter and between the solar cell array and the solar inverter to measure the power generation amount of the solar power generation system to calculate a second power generation amount; And calculating the efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system by comparing the first power generation amount and the second power generation amount, and calculating, based on the second power generation amount, at least one of a fault occurrence point and a fault occurrence cause And a control unit for determining whether or not there is a match.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gas-phase information collecting unit includes: a housing having at least one solar panel at an upper portion thereof and a power module for managing and storing power produced by the solar panel; A solar radiation amount measuring unit provided at a side of the housing and including a solar radiation amount measuring sensor for measuring a solar radiation amount; A temperature measuring unit provided in at least one of the housing or the irradiation amount measuring unit and having a temperature measuring sensor for measuring a temperature of at least one of an atmospheric temperature, a housing or a radiation amount measuring unit; And a control module which is provided inside the housing and receives and manages information generated from the power module, the radiation dose measurement sensor and the temperature measurement sensor, and a control module connected to the control module and wirelessly communicating the generated information with the administrator terminal And a management module including the communication module.

According to one embodiment, the control unit receives the second weather data for the weather station from the weather station, and based on the first location information of the solar electric power generation system and the second location information of the weather station, Wherein the third weather data is generated by interpolating the second weather data to calculate reliability of the first weather data based on the third weather data or to determine whether the weather information collecting unit is operating normally, The reference efficiency range can be set to be relatively narrow.

According to one embodiment, the solar power generation management system includes at least one of temperature and vibration of the solar cell array to generate first monitoring data, and at least one of temperature, vibration, and solar radiation amount of the solar inverter A sensing unit for generating second monitoring data by measuring the first monitoring data; And a controller configured to manage a first drive time and a first drive cycle of the solar cell array and calculate a first expected life span of the solar cell array based on the first drive time, the first drive cycle, And controls a second drive time and a second drive period of the solar inverter, and sets a second expected life span of the solar inverter based on the second drive time, the second drive period, and the second monitoring data Wherein the first expected lifetime indicates a change in efficiency of the solar cell array over time and the second expected lifetime indicates a change in efficiency over time of the solar inverter have. Here, the power generation amount predicting unit may calculate the first power generation amount based on the first weather data, the first expected life span, and the second expected life span, and the control unit may calculate the first power generation amount, 2 < / RTI > monitoring results, the controller determines at least one of a fault occurrence, a fault occurrence point and a fault occurrence cause of the photovoltaic power generation system, And a second replacement timing of the photovoltaic inverter can be determined based on the second expected life span.

According to an embodiment, the sensing unit may include a solar radiation amount measuring sensor disposed at one side of the solar inverter and measuring an amount of light incident on the solar inverter; And a temperature sensor provided inside the solar inverter and measuring an internal temperature of the solar inverter, wherein the life calculating unit increases the decrease width of the second expected life as the internal temperature and the light amount become larger, 2 Life expectancy can be calculated.

According to an embodiment, the sensing unit may include: a first vibration sensor group disposed adjacent to the solar cell array and including first vibration sensors for sensing vibration of the solar cell array generated by wind; And a second vibration sensor group disposed adjacent to the solar inverter and detecting the vibration of the solar inverter generated by the wind, wherein the life calculator calculates the life of the solar battery array The first expected life span is calculated on the basis of the magnitude of the vibration and the cumulative vibration amount, and the control section can judge that the solar cell array has a fault when the vibration of the solar cell array exceeds the reference value.

According to an embodiment, the solar cell array includes a plurality of solar cell modules connected in series; And a connection half for transmitting the power generated by the photovoltaic modules to the photovoltaic converter, wherein the sensing unit comprises: a first measurement line connected to one of the photovoltaic modules; And a second measurement line connected to the connection unit, wherein the power generation amount measurement unit calculates a partial voltage through the first and second measurement lines, and the control unit calculates, based on the second generation amount and the partial voltage, It is possible to determine whether or not a fault has occurred in at least one of the solar battery modules.

According to one embodiment, the solar cell array includes solar cell modules of M rows * N columns (where M and N are positive integers), and the sensing unit may output an output voltage of each of the solar cell modules When the total output of the photovoltaic power generation system exceeds the reference output, the control unit sets the target output voltage of the target battery module of the photovoltaic battery modules to the first to fourth comparison battery modules, The first and second comparative battery modules are disposed in the same row as the target battery module and are disposed in the closest proximity to each other, 3, and the fourth comparative battery modules are disposed in the same row as the target battery module and are disposed nearest to each other, and when the total output of the photovoltaic power generation system is smaller than the reference output, Sequentially comparing the target output voltage of the target battery module with output voltages of K (where K is an integer equal to or greater than 8) comparison battery modules to determine whether the target battery module is operating normally, The battery modules may be sequentially arranged in a spiral direction with respect to the target battery module.

The solar power generation management system according to embodiments of the present invention may acquire second weather data from an external weather station to predict a weather in a power generation area and generate first weather data based on the predicted weather data, (I.e., a reference range for judging whether the solar power generation system is abnormal or faulty) based on the reliability of the photovoltaic power generation system, Or misidentification) can be reduced, and the occurrence of a failure can be accurately diagnosed.

In addition, the solar power generation management system can measure a partial voltage of the solar battery modules through the first and second measurement lines included in the power generation amount measurement unit, thereby enabling individual fault diagnosis for the solar battery modules (Or a failure module) can be easily grasped.

Further, the solar power generation management system may determine whether the solar cell modules operate normally by using first and second failure detection methods that are different from each other according to the power generation amount (or the solar radiation amount), thereby improving the reliability of the failure detection, Can be reduced.

1 is a diagram illustrating a solar power generation management system according to embodiments of the present invention.
2 is a view showing an example of a weather information collecting unit included in the solar power generation management system of FIG.
3 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration for acquiring weather data in the solar power generation management system of Fig.
4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a sensing unit included in the solar power generation management system of FIG.
5A is a graph showing changes in output of a solar cell array according to changes in internal temperature.
And FIG. 5B is a diagram showing a change in output of the solar cell array depending on the shade.
6 is a diagram showing an example of a power generation amount predicting unit included in the solar power generation management system of FIG.
7 is a diagram showing an example of a power generation amount measuring unit included in the solar power generation management system of FIG.
8A and 8B are diagrams illustrating a process of detecting a faulty photovoltaic cell module in a control unit included in the solar power generation management system of FIG.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the expected life span calculated by the life span calculating unit included in the solar power generation management system of FIG. 1; FIG.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals are used for the same constituent elements in the drawings and redundant explanations for the same constituent elements are omitted.

1 is a diagram illustrating a solar power generation management system according to embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the solar power generation system 10 may include a solar cell array 11 and a solar inverter 12.

The solar cell array 11 is constituted by solar battery modules (or solar battery panels), and can convert solar light incident on the surface into electricity.

For reference, a plurality of solar cells constitute one solar cell module, a plurality of solar cell modules constitute one solar cell string (PV string), a plurality of solar cell strings constitute one solar cell array 11, . Here, the solar cell string corresponds to a circuit in which the solar cell modules are connected in series so as to generate an output voltage required by the solar cell array 11, and the strings can be connected in parallel through the backflow preventing element.

The solar inverter 12 may be a device for converting the electric power produced in the solar cell array 11 to match the purpose. For example, the solar inverter 12 can convert the solar photovoltaic energy into AC power.

The photovoltaic power generation system 10 includes, in addition to the solar cell array 11 and the solar photovoltaic inverter 12, a configuration such as a connection panel, a transformer / switchboard, a distribution line, etc. However, It will be omitted.

On the other hand, the solar power generation system 10 (or the solar power generation management system 100) may further include a solar tracking unit 13.

The solar tracking unit 13 can be installed at a place suitable for securing the outdoor or incident amount and can move the solar cell array 10 to a position where the incident angle of sunlight is optimized. One solar cell tracking unit 13 may be provided for each solar cell array 11.

The solar power tracking unit 13 includes a separate power supply unit (not shown), and the power supply unit supplies a part of the power secured by the solar cell array 11 to the solar power tracking unit 13 can do. The solar tracking unit 13 includes an inclination angle sensor unit for adjusting the inclination angle of the solar cell array 11 to increase the efficiency of the solar cell array 11 and an azimuth angle sensor unit for adjusting the azimuth angle of the solar battery .

The solar power generation management system 100 may include a weather information collecting unit 110, a power generation amount predicting unit 120, a power generation amount measuring unit 130, and a control unit 140.

The weather information collecting unit 110 The first weather data can be generated by measuring at least one of the solar radiation amount, the temperature, the humidity, the wind direction and the wind speed. For example, the weather information collecting unit 110 collects the solar radiation amount, the temperature, the humidity, the wind direction, and the wind speed of the area where the solar power generating system 10 is located by using a radiation amount sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, Can be measured. The configuration of the weather information collecting unit 110 will be described later with reference to Fig.

The power generation amount predicting unit 120 can calculate the first power generation amount (or the predicted power generation amount, the first power generation amount data) by predicting the power generation amount of the solar power generation system 10 based on the first meteorological data.

For example, the power generation amount predicting unit 120 may preliminarily construct a database for the change in the solar power generation amount, and determine the solar power generation amount matched to the first meteorological data as the first power generation amount. Here, the database may be configured so that the real-time change trend of the solar power generation amount at the position where the solar power generation system 10 is installed, according to the date and time, is stored in advance. The direction, position, and altitude of the sun change with time depending on the latitude and longitude of the solar power generation system 10 installed, and the power generation estimating unit 120 can calculate and store the data in advance in the database.

The power generation amount measurement unit 130 is disposed between the solar cell array 11 and the solar photovoltaic inverter 12 or at the output terminal of the solar photovoltaic inverter 12 to measure the power generation amount of the solar photovoltaic system 10, Or the actual power generation amount, the second power generation amount data).

The power generation amount measuring unit 130 can measure the amount of power generated by the solar cell array 110. The power generation amount measuring unit 130 may include at least one of an ammeter 111, a voltmeter 112, a wattmeter 113, and a watt hour meter 114 for measuring the power generation amount of the solar cell array 110. For example, the power generation amount measuring unit 130 may be an ammeter for measuring a photocurrent value generated by the solar cell array 110. For example, the power generation amount measurement unit 130 may include a current sensor, a voltage sensor, and a multiplier. The current and voltage measured by the current sensor and the voltage sensor may be multiplied by a multiplier to measure power.

The control unit 140 compares the first power generation amount (or the predicted power generation amount and the predicted power amount) with the second power generation amount (or the actual power generation amount and the actual power amount) (For example, when the actual power generation amount is out of the range of + - 10% of the predicted power generation amount), based on the second power generation amount, At least one can be judged.

That is, the control unit 140 can determine whether the PV system 10 is out of order or not by comparing the measured power generation amount with the predicted power generation amount. For example, when the stochastic predicted power generation amount having a specific upper limit threshold value and the lower limit threshold value and the actual power generation amount measured differ from each other by more than a specific value for a predetermined time or more, the control unit 140 controls the solar power generation system 10 It can be judged that a failure or abnormality has occurred. A configuration for determining a fault occurrence point and a fault occurrence cause in the control unit 140 will be described later with reference to FIGS. 7 to 8B.

The solar power generation management system 100 may further include a sensing unit 150, a life calculation unit 160, and an analysis unit 170.

The sensing unit 150 measures at least one of temperature and vibration of the solar cell array 11 to generate first monitoring data and measures at least one of the temperature, the vibration, and the solar radiation amount of the solar inverter 12, Monitoring data can be generated. The specific configuration of the sensing unit 150 will be described later with reference to FIG.

The life calculation unit 160 manages the first drive time and the first drive cycle (or the number of drives) of the solar cell array 11 and calculates the life time of the solar cell array 11 based on the first drive time, The first expected lifetime of the solar cell array 11 can be calculated. Similarly, the life calculating unit 160 manages the second drive time and the second drive cycle of the solar inverter 12, and based on the second drive time, the second drive cycle and the second monitoring data, It is possible to calculate the second expected lifetime of the battery 12. Here, the first expected lifetime represents the efficiency change over time of the solar cell array 11, and the second expected lifetime can represent the efficiency change over time of the solar inverter 12.

In this case, the power generation amount predicting unit 120 can calculate the first power generation amount (i.e., the predicted power generation amount) based on the first weather data, the first expected life span, and the second expected life span. If the efficiency (i.e., the ratio of the actual power generation amount to the predicted power generation amount) is out of the reference efficiency range, the control unit 140 determines whether or not the failure of the solar power generation system 10 has occurred based on the first and second monitoring results, And a cause of failure occurrence. For example, if the efficiency is out of the reference efficiency range, there is a singularity in the first and second monitoring results (i.e., temperature, vibration, irradiation, etc.) at that point in time And the cause of the failure can be predicted based on the corresponding singularity.

On the other hand, the control unit 140 can determine the first inspection timing and / or the first replacement timing of the solar cell array 11 based on the first expected life span calculated by the life span calculating unit 160. Similarly, the control unit 140 can determine the second inspection timing and / or the second replacement timing of the solar inverter 120 based on the second expected life span.

Meanwhile, the analysis unit 170 may store the trend of real time change by date and time group stored in the database in the database in correspondence with the real time weather and the real-time measured power generation amount. The stored data can be used to determine whether the solar power system 10 is malfunctioning, faulty, or abnormal. The values of the data stored in the database are continuously updated. In this case, the power generation amount predicting unit 120 can predict a more accurate power generation amount using the database.

1, the solar power generation management system 100 according to the embodiments of the present invention is configured to monitor the solar power generation system 10 based on the measured power generation amount, the first monitoring result, the second monitoring result, By predicting the aging, it is possible to drive the solar power generation system 10 with higher efficiency through periodic fault diagnosis and inspection.

2 is a view showing an example of a weather information collecting unit included in the solar power generation management system of FIG.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the weather information collecting unit 110 may be implemented by a wireless weather information collecting apparatus 200.

The wireless weather information collecting apparatus 200 includes a housing 210 having a solar panel 211, a solar radiation amount measuring unit 220 having a solar radiation amount measuring sensor, a temperature measuring unit 230 having a temperature measuring sensor, And a management unit 240 having a wireless communication module.

The housing 210 is configured to mount the entire component, and may have a certain outer shape and an inner space. The upper part of the housing 210 may have a flat shape and at least one solar panel 211 may be provided on the upper part of the housing 210. A power source for managing and storing power produced by the solar panel 211 Module.

The solar radiation amount measuring unit 220 is provided on the side of the housing 210 and includes a solar radiation amount measuring sensor for measuring the solar radiation amount. The solar radiation amount measuring unit 220 can measure the solar radiation amount. Here, the amount of solar radiation refers to the amount of solar radiation (solar radiation) coming from the sun, which is the amount of solar radiation coming into contact with the surface of the earth. The amount of solar radiation that touches the solar panel 211 or the amount of solar radiation Can be positive.

For example, the irradiation amount measuring unit 220 is configured to protrude laterally from the side of the housing 210 and includes a vertical irradiation amount measuring sensor 223, a horizontal irradiation amount measuring sensor 224, And a sensor 225 for detecting a radiation dose.

In one embodiment, the irradiation amount measuring unit 220 includes a main body 221 protruding laterally from the side of the housing 210 and fixed to the housing 210, And at least one sensor drum 222 mounted in a fixed state and having at least one of the measurement sensors externally.

That is, one side of the main body 221 is coupled to the side of the housing 210, and the other side of the main body 221 can be extended laterally from one side. Here, the main body 221 may have a cylinder shape or a block shape having a circular vertical section, and may be configured such that the sensor drum 222 is rotatably mounted on the outer periphery.

The sensor drum 222 is rotatably or fixedly mounted on the outer periphery of the main body 221, and at least one of the measurement sensors may be provided outside.

The sensor drum 222 is provided with a horizontal irradiation amount measuring sensor 24 and the main body 221 is manually connected to the main body 221. [ A first sensor drum 222a rotatably mounted on the main body 221 and a tracking solar radiation amount measuring sensor 225 mounted on the main body 221 and rotatably mounted on the main body 221, 2 sensor drum 222b.

In one embodiment, the sensor drum 222 includes an image sensor 250 in which a motion sensing sensor is incorporated, and a third body 230, which is mounted so as to be rotatable automatically by a driving body 260 provided in the main body 221, And may further include a sensor drum 222c.

The video camera 250 captures an image of the periphery of the wireless weather information collecting apparatus 200, receives a subject sensing signal from the motion sensing sensor, and tracks the motion of the subject, thereby capturing an image. Here, the motion monitoring sensor and the image camera 250 can be moved by the rotation of the third sensor drum 222c provided on the main body 221, and the third sensor drum 222c can be moved by the first sensor drum 222a Or a predetermined portion of the main body 221 adjacent to the second sensor drum 222b.

The temperature measuring unit 230 includes a temperature measuring sensor provided at at least one of the housing 210 and the irradiation amount measuring unit 220 to measure the atmospheric temperature and the temperature of one of the housing 210 and the irradiation amount measuring unit 220 And the ambient temperature and the temperature of the wireless weather information collecting apparatus 200 can be continuously or periodically measured.

The management unit 240 includes a control module provided in the housing 210 for receiving and managing information generated from a power module, a radiation dose measurement sensor, and a temperature measurement sensor, and a control module connected to the control module, Or the power generation amount predicting unit 120) in a wireless communication mode.

3 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration for acquiring weather data in the solar power generation management system of Fig.

3, the solar power generation management system 100 (or the control unit 140) includes a weather station 311, 312 (e.g., at least one weather station that is adjacent to the solar power system 10) The first position information of the solar power generation system 10 and the second position information of the weather observation stations 311 and 312 are received from the first position information (I.e., weather data of the power generation area predicted based on the second meteorological data) by interpolating the second meteorological data based on the first meteorological data, and generates the first meteorological data The reliability of the weather information collecting unit 110 can be calculated or whether the weather information collecting unit 110 is operating normally. The range in which the reference efficiency range (that is, the range in which the ratio (efficiency) of the actual power generation to the predicted power generation amount is determined to be normal) may be set to be relatively narrow as the reliability is relatively high.

For example, the solar power generation management system 100 acquires weather data from the first and second weather stations (311, 312), calculates the GPS coordinates of the weather stations, the GPS coordinates of the solar power generation system (For example, solar radiation amount, temperature, humidity, wind direction and wind speed) of the area (i.e., power generation area) where the solar power generation system 10 is located can be predicted by interpolating the weather data.

On the other hand, the control unit 140 calculates the reliability (for example, average ratio) of the first meteorological data generated by the meteorological information collection unit 110 on the basis of the predicted third data, (For example, 100% - reliability (%) = reference efficiency error range (%)). In addition, when the reliability is out of the reference reliability range, it can be determined that an abnormality / fault has occurred in the weather information collecting unit 110.

As described with reference to FIG. 3, the solar power generation management system 100 according to the embodiments of the present invention acquires second weather data from an external weather station to predict a weather in a power generation area, The reliability of the first meteorological data generated by the meteorological information collecting unit 110 is determined and the error range (i.e., the reference range for determining whether the PV system 10 is abnormal or faulty) is varied (Or misidentification) of the solar power generation management system 100 due to the error of the weather information can be reduced.

4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a sensing unit included in the solar power generation management system of FIG.

1 and 4, the sensing unit 150 measures at least one of the temperature and the vibration of the solar cell array 11 to generate first monitoring data, and the temperature, vibration, And at least one of the solar radiation amount may be measured to generate the second monitoring data.

The sensing unit 150 may include a temperature sensor 410, a vibration sensor 420, and a radiation amount measurement sensor 430.

The temperature sensor 410 may be provided inside the solar cell array 11 and / or the solar inverter 12 to measure the internal temperature of the solar cell array 11 and / or the solar inverter 12. [ The specific configuration and arrangement of the temperature sensor 410 are described in detail in Korean Patent No. 1,593,962, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The vibration sensor 420 may be installed on a mounting table (or a supporting table) for supporting the solar cell array 11 or the solar inverter 12 so as to detect vibrations caused by wind or the like.

For example, the vibration sensor 420 includes first vibration sensors disposed adjacent to the solar cell array 11 to sense the vibration of the solar cell array 11 generated by the wind, And a second vibration sensor disposed adjacent to the second vibration sensor for detecting vibration of the solar inverter 12 generated by the wind. In this case, the life calculating unit 160 calculates the first expected life time based on the magnitude of the vibration of the solar cell array 11 and the cumulative vibration amount, and calculates the magnitude of the vibration of the solar inverter 12, The second expected lifetime can be calculated. On the other hand, when the magnitude of the vibration of the solar cell array 11 exceeds the reference value for a predetermined time, the control unit 140 may determine that the solar cell array 11 has a fault, have.

The irradiation amount measuring sensor 430 can be disposed on one side of the solar inverter 12 to measure the amount of light incident on the solar inverter 12. [

For example, when the solar inverter 12 is exposed to the outside, the irradiation amount measurement sensor 430 can measure the amount of light incident on the solar inverter 12. [ In this case, the life calculating unit 160 analyzes the correlation between the light quantity for the solar inverter 12 and the internal temperature of the solar inverter 12, and determines the exposure degree of the solar inverter 12 The second expected lifetime of the solar inverter 12 can be calculated. That is, the life calculating unit 160 can increase the decrease in the second expected life as the internal temperature and the quantity of light of the solar inverter 12 increase, and calculate the second expected life.

4, the sensing unit 150 includes a temperature sensor 410, a vibration sensor 420, a radiation dose measuring sensor 430, etc., and the life calculating unit 160 includes a sensing unit 150, The first expected life span of the solar cell array 11 and the second expected life span of the solar inverter 12 can be more accurately calculated based on the first and second monitoring data measured through the first and second monitoring data.

4, the sensing unit 150 includes the temperature sensor 410, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the sensing unit 150 may further include a thermal imaging camera that is disposed apart from the solar cell array 11 and the solar inverter 12 to generate a thermal image. In this case, the life span calculation 160 and the control unit 140 calculate the expected life span based on the thermal image, determine whether the solar power generation system 10 is malfunctioning, faulty or abnormal, Stop) can be controlled.

FIG. 5A is a graph showing the output change of the solar cell array according to the internal temperature change, and FIG. 5B is a graph showing the output change of the solar cell array according to the shade.

Referring to FIG. 5A, the output voltage and the power generation amount change according to the temperature of the solar cell array 11, and the temperature may increase when the solar cell develops. However, if the temperature increases beyond a certain range, the power generation efficiency of the solar cell may drop sharply and the energy generation amount may be lowered.

In addition, when the solar cell operates at a high temperature, power loss may occur as the durability of the solar cell itself decreases.

Accordingly, the operation temperature, the output voltage, and the output current of the solar cell are measured in real time through the power generation amount measuring unit 130 and / or the sensing unit 150, and when the temperature exceeds the optimum efficiency range, Whereby it is possible to prevent the power generation efficiency from deteriorating. That is, the temperature sensor 410 of the sensing unit 150 described with reference to FIG. 4 is used to sense the temperature during the operation of the solar cell, and the control unit 140 controls the solar cell to operate under the optimum temperature condition can do.

The control unit 140 compares the internal temperature sensed by the sensing unit 150 with a predetermined temperature to determine whether the temperature of the corresponding solar cell is normal. For example, the controller 140 compares the internal temperature with a preset temperature, and if the sensed internal temperature is equal to or higher than the preset temperature, the controller 140 determines that the corresponding solar cell is overheated and can stop the operation of the solar cell.

Referring to FIG. 5B, the controller 140 may determine whether each solar cell is shaded based on the illuminance measured through an optical sensor (not shown). For example, if the illuminance sensed by the optical sensor is less than the set illuminance, the controller 140 may stop the driving of the solar cell module in which the corresponding solar cell is installed.

5B, the shade generated in the solar cell array 11 causes a voltage drop of the corresponding solar cell, and the power output of the entire solar cell array 11 can be lowered. Therefore, the present invention can change the power more efficiently by controlling the driving of the solar cell array 11 by sensing the shade.

6 is a diagram showing an example of a power generation amount predicting unit included in the solar power generation management system of FIG.

6, the power generation amount predicting unit 120 estimates the first power generation amount (i.e., the predicted power generation amount) based on the first meteorological data (i.e., the amount of solar radiation, temperature, humidity, wind direction, wind speed) Can be calculated.

The power generation amount predicting unit 120 (or the analysis unit 170) inputs the solar radiation amount, the altitude angle of the sun and the azimuth angle of the sun using the past weather data, the altitude angle and azimuth angle of the sun as learning data, It is possible to obtain a function of output of power generation. In this case, the power generation amount predicting unit 120 can predict the current power generation amount corresponding to the currently-measured solar radiation amount, the altitude angle and the azimuth angle of the current sun entered in the obtained function.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the power generation amount predicting unit 120 constructs an artificial neural network in which the solar radiation amount, the altitude angle of the sun and the azimuth angle of the sun are input and the predicted power generation amount is output, (Stochastic Gradient Descent) can be used to adjust neural network connection weights of artificial neural networks.

In another example, the power generation amount predicting unit 120 may use other machine learning algorithms based on regression learning with the solar radiation amount, the altitude angle of the sun, and the azimuth angle of the sun as learning data.

7 is a diagram showing an example of a power generation amount measuring unit included in the solar power generation management system of FIG.

The solar cell array 11 includes a plurality of solar cell modules 711 to 718 connected in series; And a connection panel 720 for transmitting the power generated by the photovoltaic modules 711 to 718 to the solar light interverber 120. In this case, the power generation amount measurement unit 130 includes a first measurement line 731 connected to one of the solar battery modules 711 to 718; And a second measurement line 732 connected to the connection half 720 and may calculate the partial voltage through the first and second measurement lines 731 and 732. [ The control unit 140 can determine whether a failure has occurred in at least one of the photovoltaic modules 711 to 720 based on the second generated amount (or the actual generated amount) and the partial voltage.

Referring to FIG. 7, first to eighth solar battery modules 711 to 718 formed of solar cells are connected in series through a serial line to form one solar cell array 11, and a solar cell array 11 are connected to the connection board 720.

Among the first to eighth solar battery modules 711 to 718 connected in series, the negative terminal of the first solar battery module 711 is grounded. In the middle of the first to eighth solar battery modules, A first measurement line 731 may be connected on a serial line connecting the positive terminal of the fourth photovoltaic battery module 714 and the negative terminal of the fifth photovoltaic battery module 715 in series. Similarly, the second measurement line 732 may be connected to the output terminal of the eighth solar cell module 718, or may be connected to the connection board 720.

The first and second measurement lines 731 and 732 are connected to the power generation amount measurement unit 130. The power generation amount measurement unit 130 measures the voltages of the measurement lines 731 and 732 to acquire the output voltage, The power generation capacity of each photovoltaic cell module is sequentially calculated in accordance with the serial connection order of the eight photovoltaic modules 711 to 718, and then the calculated power generation amount and the output detected through the measurement lines 731 and 732 It is possible to determine whether the photovoltaic modules 711 to 718 have failed or not.

7, the power generation amount measurement unit 130 measures the partial voltage of the photovoltaic cell modules 711 to 718 through the first and second measurement lines 731 and 732, It is possible to individually diagnose the failure of the battery modules 711 to 718, thereby easily grasping the failure point (or the failure module).

8A and 8B are diagrams illustrating a process of detecting a faulty photovoltaic cell module in a control unit included in the solar power generation management system of FIG.

8A and 8B, the solar cell array 11 includes solar cell modules of M rows * N columns (where M and N are positive integers), and the sensing portion 150 includes solar cell modules The output voltage of each of the modules can be measured.

Meanwhile, the controller 140 can detect the photovoltaic module having a failure, an abnormality, or a failure by using the first and second failure detection methods. For example, the control unit 140 may use the first failure detection method when the total output of the photovoltaic system 10 exceeds the reference output (for example, when the solar radiation is large). According to the first failure detection method, the control unit 140 sequentially compares the target output voltage of the target battery module among the solar battery modules with the first to fourth output voltages of the first to fourth comparative battery modules, It is possible to determine whether the battery module is operating normally. Here, the first and second comparative battery modules may be disposed in the same row as the target battery module and disposed nearest to each other, and the third and fourth comparative battery modules may be disposed in the same column as the target battery module, have. For example, when the total output of the photovoltaic generation system 10 is smaller than the reference output (for example, the amount of solar radiation is small), the control unit 140 determines that the target output voltage of the target battery module is K K is an integer equal to or greater than 8) to sequentially determine whether the target battery module is operating normally. Here, the K comparison battery modules may be sequentially arranged in a spiral direction with respect to the target battery module.

The controller 140 can select the solar battery module corresponding to the array having the highest average voltage value of the solar battery array as the target battery module, that is, the target for failure diagnosis. This is because the amount of solar radiation is sufficient and shading does not occur.

Generally, the failure detection scheme makes a relative comparison of voltages between solar cell modules within a series string. However, when the positions of the modules in the serial string are not adjacent to each other, and some of the modules classified into one group are in a shaded state in which the sunlight is not received, or in an insufficient solar radiation exposure state, .

Accordingly, the control unit 140 can selectively use the first and second failure detection schemes according to the power generation conditions by supplementing the advantages and disadvantages of the first and second failure detection schemes.

As shown in FIG. 8A, in the case of the first failure detection method, the controller 140 can compare the voltage with the adjacent module located in the up, down, left, and right directions around the target battery module (i.e., the failure diagnosis target module) , Cross comparison). The first fault detection method has an advantage that it can intuitively determine whether a fault has occurred, but it has a disadvantage that it is difficult to judge whether the vicinity of the relevant section is shaded or contaminated. Therefore, when the generation amount is relatively high, that is, when the possibility of being shaded or contaminated is low, the control unit 140 can use the first failure detection method.

8B, in the case of the second failure detection method, the control unit 140 can compare the voltage values of all peripheral modules around the target battery module (i.e., the failure diagnosis target module) while spiraling , Helical comparison). The second fault detection method is more reliable than the first fault detection method in units of modules. However, as the size of the solar power generation system 10 increases, the load increases and the judgment time may take longer. Accordingly, when the power generation amount is relatively low, the control unit 140 can use the second failure detection method.

As described with reference to FIGS. 8A and 8B, the solar power generation management system 100 according to the embodiments of the present invention uses first and second failure detection schemes different from each other according to the power generation amount (or the solar radiation amount) It is possible to improve the reliability of the failure detection and reduce the load by judging whether or not the solar cell modules operate normally.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the expected life span calculated by the life span calculating unit included in the solar power generation management system of FIG. 1; FIG.

The life calculation unit 160 compares and analyzes the cumulative power generation amount of the solar power generation system 10 to infer the aging state of the solar power generation system 10 (or the solar cell array 11, the solar inverter 12) can do. The life calculation unit 160 analyzes the data stored in the database to set a slope value for the power generation reduction value and a baseline for the aging, and deduce the critical time to the aging baseline.

The life calculating unit 160 may determine the predicted mean slope AG required for the repair prediction and calculate the predicted average slope AG to estimate the predicted average slope based on the predicted average slope.

[Delta] a necessary for predicting the performance degradation can be calculated by the following equation (1).

[Equation 1]

Where a is the expected average slope, ti is the time, gi is the solar power generation at time ti, n is the number of slopes to use to calculate the expected mean slope, k is the time to first use to calculate the expected mean slope, It may be an index of power generation.

이고 시간에 대한 i 번째 구간 값은

라고 정의한다면 구간에 대한 평균 기울기는 k번째부터 (n-1)번째 까지 합을 구의 개수 n으로 나눈 값으로 정의할 수 있다. 따라서, 평균 기울기는 수학식 1과 같이 표현될 수 있다. 이후, 수명 산출부(160)는 선정된 기울기에 따라 남은 시간 t(예를 들어, 고장 진단 시간)를 구할 수 있다.The value of the power generation i-th interval

And the i-th interval value for time is

The average slope of the interval can be defined as a value obtained by dividing the sum from the kth to (n-1) th by the number n of sphere. Thus, the average slope can be expressed as: " (1) " Thereafter, the service life calculating unit 160 can obtain the remaining time t (for example, the failure diagnosis time) according to the selected inclination.

9, the life calculation unit 160 predicts the age of the solar battery system 10 (or the expected life span, the failure diagnosis timing, the inspection time, etc.) of the solar battery system 10, It is possible to prevent a deterioration phenomenon and a sudden decrease in power generation due to the degradation of the performance of the solar inverter 12. [

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to a photovoltaic power generation management system, a fault diagnosis apparatus for a solar power generation system, and the like.

While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. It will be understood that the invention may be varied and changed without departing from the scope of the invention.

10: Photovoltaic power generation system
11: Solar cell array
12: Photovoltaic InterBar
100: PV management system
110: weather information collecting unit
120: Power generation estimating unit
130:
140:
150: sensing unit
160: Life calculation unit
170: Analysis section

Claims (8)

In a solar power generation management system for diagnosing the condition of a solar power generation system including a solar cell array and a solar inverter,
A weather information collecting unit for measuring at least one of a solar radiation amount, a temperature, a humidity, a wind direction and a wind speed to generate first weather data;
A power generation amount predicting unit for predicting a power generation amount of the solar power generation system based on the first meteorological data to calculate a first power generation amount;
A power generation amount measuring unit disposed at the output terminal of the solar inverter and between the solar cell array and the solar inverter to measure the power generation amount of the solar power generation system to calculate a second power generation amount; And
And calculating the efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system by comparing the first power generation amount and the second power generation amount and calculating at least one of a failure occurrence point and a failure occurrence cause based on the second power generation amount when the efficiency is out of the reference efficiency range And a control unit for controlling the solar power generation system.
The air conditioner according to claim 1,
A housing having at least one solar panel on a top thereof and a power module for managing and storing power produced by the solar panel;
A solar radiation amount measuring unit provided at a side of the housing and including a solar radiation amount measuring sensor for measuring a solar radiation amount;
A temperature measuring unit provided in at least one of the housing or the irradiation amount measuring unit and having a temperature measuring sensor for measuring a temperature of at least one of an atmospheric temperature, a housing or a radiation amount measuring unit; And
A control module provided in the housing to receive and manage information generated by the power module, the radiation dose measurement sensor, and the temperature measurement sensor; and a wireless communication module connected to the control module and wirelessly communicating the generated information with the administrator terminal And a management unit configured to include the module.
The apparatus of claim 1,
Receiving second wakeup data for the weather station from a weather station and interpolating the second wakeup data based on first position information of the solar power generation system and second position information of the wakeup station, Calculates reliability of the first meteorological data based on the third meteorological data, judges whether the meteorological information collector operates normally or not,
Wherein the reference efficiency range is set to be relatively narrow as the reliability is relatively high.
The method according to claim 1,
A sensing unit for measuring at least one of temperature and vibration of the solar cell array to generate first monitoring data and measuring at least one of temperature, vibration, and solar radiation of the solar inverter to generate second monitoring data; And
A first drive time and a first drive period of the solar cell array are managed, a first expected life span of the solar cell array is calculated based on the first drive time, the first drive period, and the first monitoring data , A second drive time and a second drive period of the solar inverter are managed, and a second expected life span of the solar inverter is calculated based on the second drive time, the second drive period and the second monitoring data Further comprising: a life calculating unit
Wherein the first expected lifetime represents a change in efficiency of the solar cell array over time,
The second expected lifetime represents a change in efficiency of the solar inverter over time,
Wherein the power generation amount predicting unit calculates the first power generation amount based on the first weather data, the first expected life span, and the second expected life span,
Wherein the controller determines at least one of a failure occurrence, a failure occurrence location, and a failure occurrence cause of the photovoltaic power generation system based on the first and second monitoring results when the efficiency is out of the reference efficiency range,
Wherein the control unit determines a first inspection timing and a first replacement timing of the solar cell array based on the first expected life span and determines a second inspection timing and a second replacement timing of the solar inverter based on the second expected life span And a time when the solar power is generated.
The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the sensing unit comprises:
A solar radiation amount measuring sensor disposed on one side of the solar inverter and measuring an amount of light incident on the solar inverter; And
And a temperature sensor provided inside the solar inverter for measuring an internal temperature of the solar inverter,
Wherein the life calculating unit calculates the second expected life span by increasing the decrease in the second expected life span as the internal temperature and the light amount are increased.
6. The apparatus of claim 5,
A first vibration sensor group disposed adjacent to the solar cell array and including first vibration sensors for detecting vibration of the solar cell array generated by wind; And
Further comprising a second vibration sensor group disposed adjacent to the solar inverter and including second vibration sensors for detecting vibration of the solar inverter generated by the wind,
The life calculating unit calculates the first expected life span based on the magnitude of vibration of the solar cell array and the cumulative vibration amount,
Wherein the control unit determines that the solar cell array has a fault when the vibration of the solar cell array exceeds a reference value.
The solar cell array of claim 1, wherein the solar cell array comprises: a plurality of solar cell modules connected in series; And a connection module for transmitting the power generated from the solar battery modules to the solar optical interrupter,
The sensing unit may include: a first measurement line connected to one of the photovoltaic modules; And a second measurement line connected to the connection half,
The power generation amount measuring unit calculates the partial voltage through the first and second measurement lines,
Wherein the control unit determines whether or not a fault has occurred in at least one of the solar cell modules based on the second power generation amount and the partial voltage.
8. The solar cell array of claim 7, wherein the solar cell array comprises solar cell modules of M rows * N columns (where M and N are positive integers)
The sensing unit measures an output voltage of each of the solar cell modules,
Wherein,
Wherein when the total output of the photovoltaic power generation system exceeds a reference output, the target output voltage of the target battery module among the photovoltaic battery modules is sequentially output from the first to fourth output voltages of the first to fourth comparative battery modules The first and second comparative battery modules are disposed in the same row as the target battery module and are disposed nearest to each other, and the third and fourth comparative battery modules Are disposed in the same row as the target battery module and are disposed closest to each other,
And sequentially comparing the target output voltage of the target battery module with the output voltages of K (where K is an integer of 8 or more) comparison battery modules when the total output of the photovoltaic power generation system is smaller than the reference output And determining whether the target battery module is operating normally, wherein the K comparison battery modules are sequentially arranged in a spiral direction with respect to the target battery module.

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