KR20190055864A - Advanced flavored foods manufacturing method by use of low salty material through Lactic fermentation - Google Patents
Advanced flavored foods manufacturing method by use of low salty material through Lactic fermentation Download PDFInfo
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- KR20190055864A KR20190055864A KR1020170152270A KR20170152270A KR20190055864A KR 20190055864 A KR20190055864 A KR 20190055864A KR 1020170152270 A KR1020170152270 A KR 1020170152270A KR 20170152270 A KR20170152270 A KR 20170152270A KR 20190055864 A KR20190055864 A KR 20190055864A
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- salinity
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 염생식물을 유산 발효하여 유기산이 포함되도록 가공한 저염의 분말 및 액상 조미소재를 이용하여 향미가 증진되는 저염 가공식품을 제조하기 위한 기술에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 식염 함량이 높은 것으로 알려진 함초 및 세발나물을 생물 또는 건조하여 이용하되 유산균으로 이를 생물 전환하여 유산 발효시킨 저염 분말 및 액상으로 만들어 구연산과 함께 혼합 활용함으로써 염도를 유사하게 만들면서 동시에 유기산이 풍부하여 건강 기능성에도 좋은 저염 소재를 공급할 수 있다. 또한 이를 통해 대표적인 가공식품인 냉면 육수, 라면 스프, 염지소스 및 데미그라스소스 등에서 시판제품과 비교시에도 효과가 유사하여 종래의 염화나트륨을 대체할 수 있는 발효 저염소재를 공급하고자 한다.The present invention relates to a technology for producing a low salt processed food which is improved in flavor by using a low salt powder and a liquid seasoning material which are fermented with lactic acid to include an organic acid. The present invention relates to a method for producing a low salinity powder and a liquid phase which are fermented with lactic acid bacteria by biosynthesis of lactic acid bacteria, using salmon and herb extracts known to have a high salt content, It is able to supply low salt material which is abundant and is good for health functional. It is also intended to provide a fermented low-salt material which can substitute conventional sodium chloride for the representative processed foods such as cold noodle soup, ramen soup, dipping sauce and demiglace sauce.
염화나트륨을 주성분으로 하는 소금은 짠맛의 흰색 결정체로 인간의 생명을 유지하는데 반드시 필요한 무기질 성분 중 하나이며, 특히 식품의 맛을 느끼게 해주는 필수 조미료로 가공식품 업계에서 이용되고 있다. 우리나라에서는 주식으로 곡류를 섭취하고 반찬을 오래 보관하기 위하여 절임하는 기술이 다른 나라에 비해 특별히 더 발달되어 있는데, 이 때문에 한국인은 짠맛을 선호하는 식습관이 형성되어 있는 것으로 알려진다. 즉, 국토의 삼면이 바다에 접해 있어 소금을 쉽게 생산할 수 있는 여건 때문에, 우리나라는 식품을 효과적으로 저장하기 위한 염장식품이 많이 발달되어 있다.Sodium chloride-based salt is a salty white crystal that is one of the essential minerals necessary to maintain human life. It is used in the processed food industry as an essential seasoning to make food taste. In Korea, the technology of picking grains for stocks and keeping the side dishes for a long time is especially developed compared to other countries, so it is known that Koreans have a preference for salty taste. In other words, due to the fact that the three sides of the country are in contact with the sea and the salt can be easily produced, there are many salted foods for storing food effectively in our country.
그러나, 소금에서 나트륨 함량은 약 40%에 달하여 이를 과도하게 섭취하는 경우 골다공증, 고혈압, 심장병, 뇌졸증, 위암, 만성신부전 등 다양한 질병을 유발하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 세계보건기구(WHO)에서도 일 권장 나트륨 섭취량을 2,000mg으로 정하고 있지만 최근 발표된 보건복지부 자료에 따르면 한국인의 일 평균 나트륨 섭취량은 4,878mg에 달하고 있어 권장량의 약 2.4배이상 높다고 함으로써 문제가 심각하다는 점을 인식하고 나트륨 섭취를 저감하기 위한 가공식품 업계에 요구하고 있다. However, the sodium content in salt is about 40%, which is known to cause various diseases such as osteoporosis, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, stomach cancer and chronic kidney failure. Although the World Health Organization (WHO) has set a recommended daily sodium intake of 2,000 mg, according to the recently published data from the Ministry of Health and Welfare, the daily intake of sodium in Korea is 4,878 mg, which is about 2.4 times higher than the recommended amount And to the processed food industry to reduce sodium intake.
한 연구에 의하면 식품으로 섭취되는 소금의 양은 자연 상태에서 수득한 식재료 자체에서는 약 10% 정도에 지나지 않지만, 조리과정에서 약 15% 정도가 첨가되고, 약 75%는 가공식품의 제조과정에서 첨가되는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 특히 최근에는 경제 활동의 빠른 전개와 1인 가구의 증가로 섭취하는 일상적 식생활 재료 중 가공식품이 차지하는 비율이 크게 높아짐으로써 소비자들의 소금 섭취량은 더욱 크게 증가하고 있다고 한다. 이 때문에 근래 식품의약품안전처에서도 나트륨 섭취 저감화정책을 범 국가적으로 추진하고 있고, 소비자들도 한국에 특히 만연한 나트륨 과섭취 습관을 바꾸기 위해 스스로 소금 대용 소재를 찾기 시작하였다. According to one study, the amount of salt consumed as food is only about 10% in the natural foodstuff itself, but about 15% is added in the cooking process and about 75% is added in the processing of the processed food . In recent years, the rapid growth of economic activity and the increase in the number of single-person households, the proportion of processed foods in everyday dietary materials is so high that consumers are increasing their salt intake even more. In recent years, the Food and Drug Administration has been promoting a nationwide reduction in sodium intake, and consumers have begun to find substitutes for salt in order to change the sodium and consumption habits that are especially prevalent in Korea.
그 대안의 하나로 제안되는 염생식물(hylophyte)은 소금기가 많은 땅에서 자라는 식물로, 주로 바닷가와 내륙 염분이 있는 호숫가와 암염 지대에서 잘 자라며, 그 중 특히 함초는 짠 맛을 지니는 동시에 칼륨(K), 마그네슘(Mg), 칼슘(Ca), 철(Fe) 등 무기질이 풍부하고 식이섬유를 50~70% 정도 함유하여 숙변 제거 및 당뇨병 예방에 효과가 있다고 알려져있다. 또한, 세발나물은 칼륨(K), 칼슘(Ca)이 풍부할 뿐만 아니라 콜린, 베타카로틴, 비테인 등 다양한 기능 성분이 있어 노화방지에 좋은 것으로 알려져 있어 최근 함초와 세발나물의 건강기능성이 알려지면서 이를 분말, 소금, 환 등으로 단순 가공하여 유통되기도 한다.The hylophyte, which is suggested as one of its alternatives, grows in salt-rich soil. It grows well in lakeside and rocky areas with mainly seaside and inland salinity. Especially, it has a salty taste and potassium (K) , Magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca) and iron (Fe), and it is known that it contains about 50 ~ 70% of dietary fiber and is effective for the elimination of succulence and prevention of diabetes. In addition, it is known that the herbal extracts are rich in potassium (K) and calcium (Ca), and have various functional ingredients such as choline, betacarotin, and betaine, It is distributed by simple processing with powder, salt, ring and so on.
그러나 함초 또는 세발나물은 지금까지 그 이용방법에서 단순히 말려 소금 대체품으로 이용하거나, 소금을 만들기 위한 재료로서 이를 분쇄하여 추출하는 방법이 대부분 이용되었을 뿐, 발효하여 식품 풍미를 향상시키고 저염 소재로서의 기능성까지 강화한 소재로 개발한 경우는 찾기 어려웠다. 특히, 실제 소금을 대체할 정도로 사용하기에는 맛과 향, 염도 면에서 뒷받침되지 않을 것이라는 의심이 많았던 것이 사실이다.However, in the method of using the green tea or herbal tea, the method of using only salt as a substitute for salt or the method of grinding and extracting it as salt is generally used, and fermentation is performed to improve the flavor of food, It was difficult to find if it was developed with reinforced material. In particular, there was a lot of doubt that it would not be backed by taste, flavor, and saltiness to use enough to replace actual salt.
본 발명은 상기 문제를 해결하기 위하여 개발된 것으로, 함초 등 염생식물을 이용하여 발효기능이 우수한 유산균을 선발하고, 유산 발효과정을 거쳐 생성되는 유기산 및 아미노산 등 이차 대사산물을 그대로 포함한 저염 소재를 제조, 활용하고 가공식품 제조과정에 사용하는 염화나트륨을 대체하면서도 풍미가 우수한 저염소재를 제공하고, 이를 이용한 시판중인 소스 제조방법을 제공하고자 한다.The present invention has been developed in order to solve the above problems, and it has been developed to solve the above problems. The present invention is to provide a method for selecting lactic acid bacteria having excellent fermentation function by using Salmonella spp., And producing a low salt material containing secondary metabolites such as organic acids and amino acids The present invention provides a low-salt material having excellent flavor while replacing sodium chloride used in the process of manufacturing a processed food.
상기 과제를 해결하기 위하여 본 발명은 생 함초 또는 세발나물의 착즙액이나 건조 함초 또는 세발나물 추출액에 유산균 Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322, Leuconostoc mesenteroides KCCM 35471 또는, Lactobacillus brevis KCCM 11904 중 어느 하나를 접종하여 배양하고, 이를 액상화 또는 분말화한 저염소재를 식품 제조에 이용하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 또한, 상기 유산균은 Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322이며, 접종액은 1%(v/v)인 것을 특징으로 한다. 또한, 상기 저염소재 99.6 중량부에 구연산 0.4중량부를 추가하여 분말 또는 액상으로 이용하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 유산발효를 이용한 향미증진 저염식품 제조방법을 특징으로 한다. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention relates to a method for producing a plant extract, which comprises culturing inoculated with lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322, Leuconostoc mesenteroides KCCM 35471 or Lactobacillus brevis KCCM 11904, And a low-salt material obtained by liquefying or pulverizing the same is used for food production. The lactic acid bacterium is Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322, and the inoculum is 1% (v / v). Further, the present invention features a method for producing a flavor improving low-salt food using lactic acid fermentation, which comprises adding 0.4 part by weight of citric acid to 99.6 parts by weight of the low-salt material as a powder or liquid.
본 발명의 염생식물을 발효한 유기산 포함 저염소재 제조방법은 함초 및 세발나물을 생물 또는 건조하여 이용할 수 있고, 염도 및 풍미가 풍부한 효과가 있다. 또한, 구연산과 적량 혼합시 일반 소금과 동일한 정도로 짠맛을 제공함으로써 종래의 절반 정도로도 유사한 맛을 낼 수 있어 최근 요구되는 저염소재로서 다양한 용도에 사용할 수 있다.The method for producing a low-salt material containing an organic acid fermented with a halophilic plant of the present invention can be used for the biological or drying of green tea and herbal extracts, and has a salty and rich flavor. In addition, when the citric acid is mixed with the citric acid in an appropriate amount, a salty taste similar to that of ordinary salt can be provided, so that a similar taste can be obtained by about half of the conventional salt.
도 1은 표 3의 건조 함초를 이용한 추출물의 고형물 양을 비교한 것이다.
도 2는 표 3의 건조 함초를 이용한 추출물의 염도를 비교한 것이다.
도 3은 표 4의 건조 세발나물을 이용한 추출물의 고형물 양을 비교한 것이다.
도 4는 표 4의 건조 세발나물을 이용한 추출물 염도를 비교한 것이다.
도 5는 표 7의 발효로 생성된 유기산 Lactic acid의 함량을 비교한 것이다.
도 6은 표 7의 발효로 생성된 유기산 Citric acid의 함량을 비교한 것이다.
도 7은 표 7의 발효로 생성된 유기산 Maleic acid의 함량을 비교한 것이다.
도 8은 함초와 세발나물 착즙액 발효물에 구연산(Citric acid)을 적량 첨가함으로써 짠맛에 관한 관능이 유사할 수 있다는 점을 검증한 것이다.Figure 1 compares the amount of solids in the extracts of dried grasses of Table 3.
FIG. 2 compares the salinity of the extracts obtained from the dried laver of Table 3.
Figure 3 compares the amount of solids in the extract using dry cichlids of Table 4.
FIG. 4 compares the salinity of extracts obtained from the dried cichlids of Table 4.
5 compares the content of the organic acid Lactic acid produced in the fermentation of Table 7.
6 compares the contents of organic acid citric acid produced in the fermentation of Table 7.
Figure 7 compares the content of organic acid maleic acid produced by fermentation in Table 7.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing that the sensory properties of salty taste may be similar by adding citric acid to a fermented product of green tea and herbal juice.
본 명세서의 실시예는 바람직한 발명의 실시를 보여주기 위한 것일뿐 청구하는 발명의 권리범위를 제한할 수 없는 것이다. 또한 그 용어는 통상의 의미에서 해석되어야 한다.The embodiments of the present invention are intended to illustrate the practice of the preferred invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention. The term should also be interpreted in its ordinary sense.
구체적인 본 발명의 내용은 다음과 같다. The details of the present invention are as follows.
본 발명에서 사용하는 염생식물은 함초와 세발나물이며, 함초는 전남 신안군에서 재배한 것이고, 세발나물은 전남 해남에서 재배한 것을 이용하였다. Salted plants used in the present invention are green tea and green tea, green tea cultivated in Sinan County, Chonnam Province, and green tea cultivated in Haenam, Jeonnam Province.
1.전처리 단계1. Pre-processing step
본 발명에서 사용하는 착즙액과 추출물은 다음과 같이 준비하였다. The juice and extracts used in the present invention were prepared as follows.
먼저 생 염생식물을 채취하고, 선별 후 깨끗하게 세척하고 착즙하거나 건조한 후에 추출하는 단계를 거친다. 착즙은 생물을 그대로 이용하였고, 추출은 재료를 수분 약 5%내외로 건조한 것을 사용하였다. First, it takes a step of harvesting biotrophic plants, washing them after selection, extracting them after juicing or drying, and then extracting them. The juice was used as it was, and the extract was dried to a moisture content of about 5%.
착즙액은 생 함초 또는 세발나물을 통상의 방법으로 분쇄 후 20 내지 100 mesh의 채로 걸러 제조하였고, 추출물은 상기와 같이 준비된 건조 함초 또는 건조 세발나물의 함량을 2 내지 10중량부로 하여 정제수 또는 주정(95% 기준) 90 내지 98중량부와 혼합하여 추출하되, 정제수 이용시는 40 내지 100℃에서 10분 내지 120분간 추출하고 망눈 20 내지 100 mesh의 채로 걸러 준비한다. The extract solution was prepared by pulverizing raw vegetable or herbaceous plants with 20 to 100 mesh after the pulverization by a conventional method. The extract was prepared by adding 2 to 10 parts by weight of dried green tea or dried herbal extract to purified water or alcohol 95%). When purified water is used, it is extracted at 40 to 100 ° C for 10 to 120 minutes, and filtered to 20 to 100 mesh of the nets.
2. 멸균단계2. Sterilization step
상기 준비된 착즙액 또는 추출물의 멸균은 121℃에서 15분 내지 30분간 처리한다. 멸균 처리가 끝난 후 0 내지 30℃로 냉각하여 보관하였다. 이 과정에서 필요에 따라서는 멸균처리 직전에 당류 또는 아미노산을 소량 첨가하여 접종 유산균의 영양원으로 활용할 수 있도록 준비할 수 있다.Sterilization of the prepared juice or extract is carried out at 121 캜 for 15 minutes to 30 minutes. After sterilization treatment, the mixture was cooled to 0 to 30 캜 and stored. In this process, a small amount of saccharide or amino acid may be added just before the sterilization treatment so as to be used as a nutrient source of the inoculated lactic acid bacteria.
3. 발효단계3. Fermentation phase
가. Starter 제조단계end. Starter manufacturing steps
준비된 착즙액 또는 추출물 발효를 위한 유산균은 미리 활성화된 유산균 스타터 배양물로 제조하여 사용하였다. 시판 중인 김치에서 분리된 균주 Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322, Leuconostoc mesenteroides KCCM 35471 또는, Lactobacillus brevis KCCM 11904 중에 어느 하나를 배양한 배양물을 유산균 스타터 배양물로 이용하였다. Prepared juice extract or lactic acid bacteria for fermentation of extracts were prepared and used as preactivated lactic acid bacteria starter cultures. Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322 isolated from commercially available kimchi, Leuconostoc mesenteroides KCCM 35471 or Lactobacillus brevis Cultures in which any one of KCCM 11904 was cultured were used as lactic acid bacteria starter cultures.
나. 착즙액 또는 추출물의 발효I. Fermentation of juice or extract
상기 3. 가.에서 준비된 스타터 배양물을 착즙액 또는 추출물에 접종하되, 접종량은 부피기준 0.1 내지 1.0%(v/v)를 사용하였다. 접종 후에는 15 내지 35℃의 온도에서 1 내지 7일간 발효하여 발효물을 수득하였다.The starter culture prepared in 3. (a) was inoculated into the juice or extract, and the inoculation amount was 0.1 to 1.0% (v / v) by volume. After inoculation, the fermented product was fermented at a temperature of 15 to 35 DEG C for 1 to 7 days.
4. 건조단계4. Drying step
상기 3. 발효단계에서 수득한 발효물은 수분함량 10% 이하로 건조시켰다. 그러나, 분말이 아닌 액상으로 사용시에는 상기 3.의 수득 발효물을 그대로 사용할 수 있다. 3. The fermentation product obtained in the fermentation step was dried to a moisture content of 10% or less. However, when used as a liquid rather than as a powder, the obtained fermented product of the above 3. can be used as it is.
5. 분쇄단계5. Grinding step
상기 4. 건조단계 후에 필요한 크기로 분쇄하여 분쇄물을 수득하였다. 분쇄물의 크기는 용도에 따라 다양하게 가공되어 사용할 수 있다. After the above-mentioned 4. drying step, the pulverized material was pulverized to a size required. The size of the pulverized product can be varied and used depending on the application.
6. 저염 소재 제조 단계6. Low-salt material manufacturing stage
최종적으로 제조되는 저염 소재는 분말과 액상 형태로 제조하였다.Finally, the low salt materials were prepared in powder and liquid form.
분말형 저염 소재는 상기 5.에서 수득한 함초 분말 40 중량부, 세발나물 분말 10중량부를 포함하되, 구연산 0.4중량부, 말토덱스트린 49.6중량부를 혼합하여 제조하였다. The powdery low-salt material was prepared by mixing 40 parts by weight of the green tea powder obtained in 5 above and 10 parts by weight of the powder of the herbal extract, with 0.4 part by weight of citric acid and 49.6 parts by weight of maltodextrin.
액상 저염 소재는 상기 3.에서 수득한 발효물을 그대로 사용하며, 함초 발효물 80중량부, 세발나물 발효물 18.6중량부에, 주정(95% 기준) 1중량부, 구연산 0.4중량부를 혼합하여 제조하였다. The liquid low-salt material is prepared by mixing the fermented product obtained in the above 3. directly and mixing 80 parts by weight of the green tea fermentation product and 18.6 parts by weight of the fermented product with the mixture of 1 part by weight of the alcohol (based on 95%) and 0.4 part by weight of citric acid Respectively.
(구체적인 실시예)(Specific Example)
실시예 1. 염생식물 고유의 염도 및 고형물 양 조사Example 1. Investigation of intrinsic salinity and solids content
전남 신안군에서 재배한 함초 및, 전남 해남에서 재배한 세발나물을 생물 그래도 또는 이를 건조하였다. Green tea grown in Sinan County, Jeonnam Province and Tibetan herb cultivated in Haenam, South Jeolla Province were dried or dried.
염도 조사는 mohr법을 사용하여 측정하였는데, 생물 시료 1g을 50㎖의 증류수에 넣고 교반한 후 K2Cr2O4를 1㎖ 첨가하여 0.01N AgNO3로 적정하여 적색으로 변하는 시점을 종말점으로 계산하고, 고형물 양은 당도계를 이용하여 Brix(%)로 측정하였다. 생물 함초와 세발나물의 염도와 고형물의 양을 측정한 결과, 함초 염도는 3.82%로 높게 나타났고 세발나물은 1.01%로 다소 낮았다. 고형물 양에서도 전체 중량대비 함초는 5.4%, 세발나물은 3.4%로 비교적 낮은 편이었다. The salinity was measured using the mohr method. 1 g of the biological sample was added to 50 ml of distilled water, stirred, added with 1 ml of K 2 Cr 2 O 4 , and titrated with 0.01 N AgNO 3 to calculate the end point as red And the amount of solids was measured by Brix (%) using a sugar meter. The salinity and the amount of solids of the greenhouse and cedar herbs were 3.82% and 1.01%, respectively. In the case of solids, the amount of green tea was 5.4% and the amount of tung oil was 3.4%.
그런데 2005년에 보고된 수도권에서 제조되는 김치의 평균 염도 1.6%, 충청도 김치는 1.7%, 전라도 김치는 2.3%, 경상도 김치는 3.0%인 점에 비추어 볼 때, 통상의 김치 염도는 1.6 내지 3%이므로, 생물로서 함초와 세발나물의 착즙액을 이용하는 것은 유산균 발효에도 큰 문제가 없을 것으로 판단된다.The average salinity of kimchi produced in the metropolitan area reported in 2005 is 1.6% to 3% in view of the fact that the average salinity of kimchi produced in the metropolitan area is 1.6%, Chungcheong province kimchi is 1.7%, Cholla province kimchi is 2.3% Therefore, it is considered that the use of juice of green tea and green tea as an organism does not have a big problem in fermentation of lactic acid bacteria.
실시예2 : 건조 염생식물의 최적 추출조건 검증Example 2: Verification of Optimum Extraction Condition of Dry Half Plants
본 발명의 건조 염생식물 이용시 최적 추출조건을 확인하기 위하여 표 2와 같이 수분 5% 내외로 건조한 함초와 세발나물을 준비하였고, 70℃, 80℃, 90℃, 100℃ 등 온도단위를 네 개로 하고, 건조시료 함량(중량% 기준)을 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% 포함하도록 잔여 정제수와 혼합하고 추출시간을 30분 단위로 120분까지 조사하였다. 이를 설정된 온도로 2시간 추출하고, 20mesh채로 걸러 염도와 brix를 측정하였다. 이를 통해 최적 추출조건을 찾을 수 있었다.In order to confirm the optimal extraction conditions for the use of the dried plant of the present invention, as shown in Table 2, a green tea plant and a dried green tea plant having a moisture content of about 5% were prepared and four temperature units such as 70 ° C., 80 ° C., 90 ° C., And dry sample contents (based on weight%) were mixed with remaining purified water to include 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% It was extracted for 2 hours at the set temperature, and salinity and brix were measured every 20mesh. The optimum extraction conditions were found through this.
상기 실시예 2의 결과는 아래 표 3과 같다. 즉, 고형물의 양(Brix)에서 건조 함초의 함량을 2중량%(w/w)로 사용시 1.0 내지 1.4%로, 4중량% 사용시 1.4 내지 2.5%, 6중량% 사용시 3 내지 3.5%, 8중량% 사용시 3.5 내지 4.1%, 10중량% 사용시에는 4.6 내지 5.5%로 나타났고, 짠맛의 지표, 염도에서는 건조 함초 사용량이 2 중량%에서는 0.4 내지 0.5%, 4중량%에서 0.8 내지 1.2, 6중량%에서는 1.4 내지 1.6%, 8중량%에서는 1.8 내지 2.2%, 10중량% 첨가시에는 2.3 내지 3.0%로 나타났다. 즉, 추출은 온도 80℃, 시료함량 8중량%일 때가 온도와 시료함량이 더 높아도 효과에서는 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타나 건조 함초 추출 조건은 80℃에서, 시료함량 8중량%가 최적임을 알 수 있다.The results of Example 2 are shown in Table 3 below. That is, when the content of dried green tea is 2 wt% (w / w), 1.4 wt% to 2.5 wt%, 4 wt% to 6 wt%, 3 wt% to 3.5 wt%, 8 wt% And the salty taste and salinity were 0.4 to 0.5% at 2 wt%, 0.8 to 1.2 and 6 wt% at 4 wt%, respectively, , 1.4 to 1.6% at 8 wt%, 1.8 to 2.2% at 8 wt%, and 2.3 to 3.0 wt% at 10 wt%. That is, when the temperature was 80 ° C and the sample content was 8% by weight, although the temperature and the sample content were higher, there was no significant difference in the effect. Thus, it was found that the sample was dried at 80 ° C and the sample content was 8% .
건조 함초함량(w/w)Temperature/
Dried Leek content (w / w)
실시예 2의 건조 세발나물에 대한 조사결과는 표 4와 같다. 즉, 70℃, 80℃, 90℃, 100℃에서 고형물의 양(Brix) 및 염도(Salt) 차이가 거의 없었다. 또한, 첨가량이 늘어날수록 고형물과 염도는 증가하였으나 8중량% 이상 첨가 시험구에서는 거의 변화가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 건조 세발나물의 추출조건 또한 80℃에서 시료함량 8중량%일 때가 6중량% 또는 10중량%에 비해 당도와 염도가 가장 효과적으로 추출되는 것으로 확인되었다.Table 4 shows the results of the investigation on the dry three-legged herbs of Example 2. [ That is, there was almost no difference in Brix and Salt of solids at 70 ° C, 80 ° C, 90 ° C and 100 ° C. Also, as the addition amount increased, the solids and salinity increased, but there was almost no change in the addition of 8 wt% or more. Therefore, it was confirmed that the extracting conditions of the dried herbal extracts were most effectively extracted when the sample content was 8% by weight at 80 ° C, compared with 6% by weight or 10% by weight.
건조세발나물함량(w/w)Temperature/
Dry cedar herb content (w / w)
온도에 따른 최적 추출시간을 확인하기 위하여, 상기 표 3과 표 4를 바탕으로 정제수에 건조 함초 또는 건조 세발나물을 8중량% 첨가하여 80℃에서 30분 간격으로 2시간 동안 추출한 후 20mesh 채에 걸러 추출물을 수득하였다. 그 결과, 건조 함초의 추출물은 60분이 경과하면서 더 이상 고형물의 양(Brix)의 변화가 없었고, 건조 세발나물은 30분 경과하면서 고형물의 양(Brix)의 변화가 거의 없었다. 또한, 염도면에서도 건조 함초의 경우 30분 경과후 염도가 1.89%로 추출시간 1시간의 1.92%, 2시간의 1.87%와 차이가 없었고, 건조 세발나물은 30분 경과시점의 0.65%는 1시간의 0.62%, 2시간 경과후의 0.64%와 차이가 없었다. 따라서, 건조 함초와 건조 세발나물의 열수추출시, 추출 최적시간은 30분 내외인 것으로 확인되었다. 상기의 결과를 바탕으로 볼 때 건조 염생식물 함량 8중량%를 정제수와 혼합하여 80℃에서 30분 추출하는 것이 가장 효율적임을 알 수 있다.Based on the above Table 3 and Table 4, 8% by weight of dried green tea or dried herbal extract was added to the purified water, and the extract was extracted at 80 캜 for 30 minutes, followed by extraction for 20 hours, An extract was obtained. As a result, there was no change in the amount of solids in the extract of dried green tea after 60 minutes, and the amount of solids (Brix) of dried seaweed did not change with 30 minutes. In addition, in the salt plot, the salinity of dried green tea was 1.89% after 30 minutes, 1.92% of 1 hour, 1.87% of 2 hours, and 0.65% And 0.64% after 2 hours, respectively. Therefore, it was confirmed that the optimal extraction time was about 30 minutes in the case of hot water extraction of dried green tea and dried seaweed. Based on the above results, it can be seen that it is most efficient to mix 8% by weight of dried and dried plant with purified water and extract it at 80 ° C for 30 minutes.
실시예3 : 염생식물 발효물의 pH 조사Example 3: pH of a fermented product of a marine plant
상기 실시예 2에서 건조 염생식물 함량 8중량%를 정제수와 혼합하여 80℃에서 30분 추출한 추출물 및, 생 함초 또는 생 세발나물을 통상의 방법으로 분쇄하고 20 내지 100 mesh의 채로 걸러 착즙한 착즙액을 사용하여 발효 후 pH를 확인하였다. In Example 2, 8% by weight of the dry seasonal plant was mixed with purified water and extracted at 80 캜 for 30 minutes. The extract, the raw or the seed or the raw fresh herb were pulverized by a conventional method, and the juice Was used to confirm pH after fermentation.
유산균 starter로는 시판 중인 Latobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322, Leuconostoc mesenteroides KCCM 35471, Lactobacillus brevis KCCM 11904 중 한 종을 0.1 내지 1.0% (v/v) 접종하고 혼합물을 15 내지 35℃에서 1 내지 7일간 발효한다. 본 실시예 3에서는 유산균 스타터 접종량 1%(v/v)이며, 25℃에서 2일간 발효하여 사용하였다. 발효 후 배양물 pH는 표 6과 같이 별 차이가 없었다.As a lactic acid starter, commercially available Latobacillus plantarum 0.1 to 1.0% (v / v) of one of KCCM 11322, Leuconostoc mesenteroides KCCM 35471 and Lactobacillus brevis KCCM 11904 is inoculated and the mixture is fermented at 15 to 35 ° C for 1 to 7 days. In Example 3, the lactic acid bacteria starter inoculation amount was 1% (v / v), and fermentation was conducted at 25 캜 for 2 days. The pH of the culture after fermentation was not different as shown in Table 6.
실시예 4 : 발효물의 유기산 생성능 조사Example 4: Investigation of organic acid production ability of fermented product
상기 실시예 3의 유산균 3종 배양시료의 유기산 생성능 측정결과, 표 7과 같다. 그 결과, Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322는 건조 세발나물과 생 함초 발효시 특이한 특성을 보여주었는데, 건조 세발나물에서는 유기산 Citric acid의 생성능이 세 가지 균중 가장 높았고, 생 함초에서는 Lactic acid 생성능이 균종 중 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322를 건조 세발나물 및 생 함초 발효에 사용하여 조합시 조미료에서 가장 중요한 요소로 꼽히는 유기산 생성능이 타 균에 비해 훨씬 풍부한 조미소재를 제조할 수 있음을 확인하였다. Table 7 shows the results of measuring the organic acid production ability of the three cultured lactic acid bacteria of Example 3 above. As a result, Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322 showed specific characteristics in the fermentation of dried cactus sprout and saury. Citric acid was the most abundant in the dried cactus sprout, and lactic acid production was the most effective among the species. Thus, Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322 was used for the fermentation of dried herbal extracts and raw syrup, and it was confirmed that the organic acid production ability, which is considered to be the most important factor in the seasoning, is able to produce a seasoning material much richer than other microorganisms.
구분
division
(단위 : ppm)Organic acid
(Unit: ppm)
건조
함초
dry
Green tea
건조
세발나물
dry
Three-legged herbs
생
함초
student
Green tea
생
세발나물
student
Three-legged herbs
실시예 5 : 발효물과 구연산의 조합 사용Example 5: Combination of fermented product and citric acid
짠맛에 신맛을 약간 가미하면 짠맛을 더 강하게 느끼는 대비 작용을 이용하여, 실시예 3의 함초와 세발나물 착즙액 발효물에 구연산(Citric acid)을 첨가한 시료 5개와 첨가하지 않은 시료 1개 총 6개의 시료를 짠맛 관능 테스트를 실시하였다. 즉, 함초와 세발나물 착즙액 발효물 각각 99.9, 99.8, 99.7, 99.6, 99.5 중량부에 대하여 이에 대응한 구연산(Citric acid) 0.1중량부, 0.2중량부, 0.3중량부, 0.4중량부, 0.5중량부의 구연산을 포함하는 실험군과, 구연산을 전혀 첨가하지 않은 함초와 세발나물 착즙액 발효물 100.0%의 무첨가군으로, 총 30명의 패널에게 짠맛 강도 평가를 9점 척도법으로 관능테스트를 실시하였는바, 그 종합한 결과는 표 8과 같다. 즉, 구연산 무첨가군과 대비하여 구연산이 0.3중량부 이상 포함시 짠맛의 차이가 느껴지기 시작했고 0.4중량부 포함시에는 무첨가군(3.2)에 비해 약 78%이상(5.7)의 가장 강한 짠맛이 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서, 염생식물 발효 저염 소재에는 구연산 0.4중량부를 더 첨가시 일반 소금에 비해 훨씬 적은 량으로도 유사한 맛을 낼 수 있는 것으로 확인하였다.Five samples of citric acid and one sample of citric acid were added to the fermented product of the hamburger and cilantrum of Example 3 using a contrasting action that made the salty taste stronger when the sour taste was slightly added. A salty taste sensory test was performed on each sample. 0.1 parts by weight, 0.2 parts by weight, 0.3 parts by weight, 0.4 parts by weight, and 0.5 parts by weight of citric acid corresponding to 99.9, 99.8, 99.7, 99.6, and 99.5 parts by weight of the fermented product of green tea The sensory evaluation was carried out on a total of 30 panels by a 9-point scoring method using a test group containing citric acid and a non-additive group of 100.0% of a fermented product of green tea and green tea without citric acid. Table 8 summarizes the results. That is, when the citric acid was added in an amount of 0.3 part by weight or more, the difference in salty taste began to be felt. When 0.4 part by weight was contained, the strongest salty taste of about 78% or more (5.7) Respectively. Therefore, it was confirmed that when 0.4 part by weight of citric acid was further added to the fermented low-salt material of the seasoning plant, a similar taste could be obtained even with a much smaller amount than that of the common salt.
실시예 6. 저염 조미소재 제조Example 6. Production of low-salt seasoning ingredients
저염 조미소재는 액상과 분말로 제조하였다.Low salt seasoning materials were prepared with liquid and powder.
액상은 상기 실시예 3의 추출물 또는 착즙액의 배양물로 구성하되, 그 비율은 다음과 같다. 함초와 세발나물의 배양물을 혼합 사용하되, 액상 조미소재로 사용시 희석에 따른 염분함량이 더욱 적어지게 되므로 상대적으로 염도가 높은 것으로 나타난 함초 배양물의 양을 높게 설정하였다.The liquid phase is composed of the culture of the extract or juice of Example 3, and the ratio thereof is as follows. When the mixture of green tea and green tea cultures was used, the salt content of the liquid seasoning material was decreased by dilution. Therefore, the amount of the green tea culturing which showed a relatively high salinity was set high.
분말 조미소재는 상기 실시예 3의 배양물을 수분 10%이하로 건조하여 분말화한 것으로, 그 혼합비율은 다음과 같다. 함초와 세발나물은 분말화에 따라 농축되는 효과가 있어 염도가 높기 때문에 함초는 40중량부, 세발나물은 10중량부를 사용하였다. 그러나, 염도를 더욱 높이기 위해 말토덱스트린의 함량을 줄이고 함초분말과 세발나물 분말을 적절히 조정할 수 있다. The powdery seasoning material is obtained by drying the culture of Example 3 at a moisture content of 10% or less and pulverizing the mixture. Green tea and cedar herb were concentrated 40% by weight and 10% by weight, respectively, because of their high salinity. However, in order to further increase the salinity, the content of maltodextrin can be reduced and the powdery green tea powder and the powdery tung oil powder can be appropriately adjusted.
실시예 6. 저염 소재를 이용한 염지소스 제조Example 6. Preparation of dyed sauce using low salt material
염지소스는 중량부 기준 간장 50, 소고기 엑기스 0.5, 미림 3, 정백당 34.58, 잔탄검 0.25, 정제염 1.3, 5-리보뉴클레오티드이나트륨 0.02, 소고기시즈닝 1, 후추 0.3, 마늘 7, 실시예 5의 액상 조미소재 0.1, 참기름 1.95를 혼합하고, 85℃ 온도에서 15분간 가열하여 제조하였다. The dipping sauce was prepared by dissolving 50 parts by weight of soy sauce, 50 parts by weight of beef extract, 0.5 parts by weight of bean curd, 0.5 parts by weight of bean curd, 0.5 parts by weight of bean curd refuse, 0.1 and sesame oil of 1.95 were mixed and heated at 85 캜 for 15 minutes.
이를 비교할 대조군으로는 상기 정제염 1.3 및 액상 조미소재 0.1 대신 정제염 2 중량부로 대체한 소스로 제조하였고 관능 검사를 실시하였다. 관능검사는 남녀 30명을 대상으로 9점 척도법으로 향과 맛의 선호도와 입안에서 느껴지는 짠맛의 정도를 조사하였다. 가장 적합한 것을 9점으로 하고, 최저점을 0점으로 하여 조사하고 평균화한 통계처리 결과, 아래 표 11과 같다. 즉, 향과 맛의 선호도 뿐 아니라, 염도 면에서도 정제염 2%를 사용한 것과 크게 다르지 않은 것으로 나타난 바, 액상 조미소재 0.1 중량부로도 정제염 0.7 중량부 정도의 염도를 대체할 수 있는 것으로 확인하였다.As a control group to be compared with this, a saucer replaced with 2 parts by weight of purified salt instead of the above-mentioned purified salt 1.3 and liquid seasoning material 0.1 was prepared and the sensory test was performed. The sensory evaluation was performed on 30 male and female subjects. The preference of flavor and taste and the degree of salty taste felt in mouth were investigated by 9 point scale method. Table 11 shows the results of the statistical processing that the best fit is 9 points and the lowest point is 0 point. That is, not only the preference of flavor and taste but also the salinity was not significantly different from that of 2% of purified salt, it was confirmed that even 0.1 part by weight of liquid seasoning can replace salinity of about 0.7 part by weight of purified salt.
실시예 7. 저염소재를 이용한 데미그라소스 제조Example 7. Production of demigrace sauce using low salt material
데미그라소스는 중량부 기준 정제수 68.12, 밀가루 6, 가공버터 6, 토마토페이스트 5.5, 양파 2, 비프엑기스 2, 적포도주 2, 소고기농축액 1.5, 돈지 1.5, 우지 1.5, 혼합간장 1, 야채짬뽕베이스 1, 옥수수전분 1, 카라멜색소 0.4, L-글루타민산나트륨 0.1, 정제염 0.08, DL-알라닌 0.05, 베이리브분 0.05, 바질분 0.05, 너트맥분 0.05, 실시예 5의 분말 조미소재 0.05, 5-리보뉴클레오티드이나트륨 0.03, 파프리카추출색소 0.02를 혼합하여 95℃에서 10분 가열하여 데미그라스소스를 제조하였다.Demigrase sauce contains the following ingredients: 1 part by weight, purified water 68.12,
한편, 대조군으로는 시중에서 판매되는 오뚜기 오쉐프 데미글라스소스(3kg)을 구입하여 관능검사를 실시하였다. 관능검사는 남녀 30명을 대상으로 9점 척도법으로 향과 맛의 선호도와 입안에서 느껴지는 짠맛의 정도를 조사하였다. 가장 적합한 것을 9점으로 하고, 최저점을 0점으로 하여 조사하고 평균화한 통계처리 결과, 그 결과는 표 12와 같았다. 즉, 향과 맛, 염도 면에서도 시판 제품과 크게 다르지 않은 정도로서 그 대체 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. On the other hand, as a control group, a sensory test was conducted by purchasing a commercially available Ottogi os chef demiglace sauce (3 kg). The sensory evaluation was performed on 30 male and female subjects. The preference of flavor and taste and the degree of salty taste felt in mouth were investigated by 9 point scale method. Table 9 shows the results of the statistical processing in which the best fit is 9 points, the lowest point is 0 point, and the results are averaged. In other words, the flavor, taste, and salinity were not significantly different from those of the commercial products, and the possibility of substitution was confirmed.
실시예 8. 저염소재를 이용한 냉면 육수 제조Example 8. Production of Cold Noodle Water Using Low Salt Material
실시예 5에서 제조한 액상 조미소재를 이용하여 냉면 육수를 제조하였다. 즉, 중량부 기준 정제수 90.0, 진간장 7.0, 사골추출물 0.2, 정백당 1.2, 실시예 5의 액상 조미소재 0.6, 쇠고기 다시다(CJ 제조) 0.5, L-글루타민산나트륨 0.2, 생강분말 0.15, 청양고추씨추출액 0.1로 혼합된 본 냉면육수는 시판중인 대기업 제조 냉면육수(CJ 제조, '시원한 냉면육수') 와 대비하여 관능성을 실험한 결과 표 느껴지는 염도 차이가 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 관능검사는 남녀 30명을 대상으로 9점 척도법으로 향과 맛의 선호도와 입안에서 느껴지는 짠맛의 정도를 조사하였다. 가장 적합한 것을 9점으로 하고, 최저점을 0점으로 하여 조사하고 평균화한 통계처리 결과, 표 13과 같았다. 즉, 향과 맛, 염도 면에서도 시판 제품과 크게 다르지 않은 정도임을 알 수 있었다. 이를 통해 냉면육수에 사용하는 소금을 일부 대체할 수 있을 것으로 확인하였다.Cold noodle soup was prepared using the liquid seasoning prepared in Example 5. That is, the following ingredients were used as the starting material: 90.0 parts by weight of purified water, 7.0 of soy sauce, 0.2 of jerk bone extract, 1.2 of whitish white, 0.6 of liquid seasoning of Example 5, 0.5 of beef tallow (CJ manufactured), 0.2 of sodium L- glutamate, 0.15 of ginger powder, The mixed noodle juice showed little difference in saltiness as compared with that of commercial cold noodle juice (manufactured by CJ, 'cold noodle soup'). The sensory evaluation was performed on 30 male and female subjects. The preference of flavor and taste and the degree of salty taste felt in mouth were investigated by 9 point scale method. Table 13 shows the results of the statistical processing in which the best fit is 9 points and the lowest point is 0 point. In other words, it was found that the fragrance, taste and salinity were not significantly different from those of the commercial products. As a result, it was confirmed that some of the salt used for cold water can be replaced.
실시예 9. 저염소재를 이용한 라면 스프 제조Example 9. Production of ramen soup using low salt material
실시예 5에서 제조한 분말 조미소재를 이용하여 라면 스프를 제조하였다. 즉, 중량부 기준 실시예 5의 분말 조미소재 10.0, 정제염 12.0, 정백당 14.0, 파프리카추출물 0.1, 캡사이신 0.08, 무즙분말 1.40, 간장분말 3.0, L-글루타민산나트륨 15.0, 양파분말 0.83, 마늘분말 1.0, 소고기분말 7.0, 오징어분말 7.0, 무수결정포도당 4.0, 쇠고기다시다(CJ제조) 8.0, 후추가루 0.8, 표고버섯분말 2.0, 고추맛분말 13.0로 혼합된 본 라면 스프는 시판중인 대기업 제조 라면 스프(오뚜기 진라면)과 대비한 관능성 검사에서 염도 차이가 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 관능검사는 남녀 30명을 대상으로 9점 척도법으로 향과 맛의 선호도와 입안에서 느껴지는 짠맛의 정도를 조사하였다. 가장 적합한 것을 9점으로 하고, 최저점을 0점으로 하여 조사하고 평균화한 통계처리 결과, 표 14와 같았다. 즉, 향과 맛, 염도 면에서 에 있어서도 실시예 9는 시중에서 판매량이 가장 많은 라면 중의 하나인 시판제품과 비교하여도 크게 다르지 않은 정도로 우수함을 알 수 있다. 이를 통해 라면 스프에 사용하는 소금을 일부 대체할 수 있을 것으로 확인하였다.A ram noodle soup was prepared using the powdered seasoning material prepared in Example 5. That is, the powdered seasoning material of Example 5, 10.0, purified salt 12.0, pearl white 14.0, paprika extract 0.1, capsaicin 0.08, no-juice powder 1.40, soybean powder 3.0, sodium L- glutamate 15.0, onion powder 0.83, garlic powder 1.0, This ramen soup mixed with 7.0 of powder, 7.0 of squid powder, 4.0 of anhydrous crystalline glucose, 8.0 of beef tallow (CJ manufactured), 0.8 of black pepper powder, 2.0 of mushroom powder, 2.0 of pepper powder and 13.0 of red pepper powder is a commercially available large- ) Showed little difference in salinity. The sensory evaluation was performed on 30 male and female subjects. The preference of flavor and taste and the degree of salty taste felt in mouth were investigated by 9 point scale method. Table 9 shows the results of statistical processing in which the best fit is 9 points and the lowest point is 0 point. That is, it can be seen that Example 9 is superior to commercial products, which are one of the most abundant ramen products sold in the market, not to be significantly different in terms of flavor, taste and salinity. It has been confirmed that the salt used in the soup can be partially substituted.
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