KR20190041931A - Liquid-crystal display and liquid-crystal medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a display device comprising: a blue light backlight source; a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel including a pair of substrates having a light emitting layer having a quantum dot structure on one substrate; and a liquid crystal (LC) medium including a polymerizable compound between the substrates. In addition, the present invention relates to the LC medium and a production method of the display panel.

Description

[0001] LIQUID-CRYSTAL DISPLAY AND LIQUID-CRYSTAL MEDIUM [0002]

A liquid crystal display (LCD) panel comprising a pair of substrates having a blue light backlight source, a light emitting layer having a quantum dot structure on one substrate, and a liquid crystal LC comprising a polymerizable compound between the substrates, And a display device including the medium. The present invention also relates to the LC medium and a method of manufacturing the display panel.

A typical LCD typically has a white backlight source (e.g., a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) or a light emitting diode (LED)) and a color filter with at least blue, red and green sub-pixels per pixel, Attempts have been made to replace the backlight with a color filter and a blue backlight having a quantum dot pixel structure that converts blue light passing through the LC cell into green and red light for each individual sub-pixel, respectively, wherein the blue sub- No conversion by the substance is required. Such a display is described, for example, in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009/0091689 A1, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0204319 A1 and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2015/0331278 Al. The techniques described in this application enable higher brightness, improved color purity, and improved color gamut compared to displays with color filters.

Basically, the technique can be combined with any display scheme. One liquid-crystal display scheme with broad interest and commercial uses identified is the so-called PS ("Polymer Continued") or PSA ("Polymer Continued Alignment") to which the term "polymer stabilized" is also commonly used. In a PSA display, a mixture of an LC mixture (hereinafter also referred to as a "host mixture") and a small amount (typically less than 1 wt%, such as 0.2 to 0.4 wt%) of one or more polymerizable compounds, An LC medium containing a monomeric compound is used. The polymeric compound is polymerized or cross-linked in situ by UV photopolymerization, typically after charging the LC medium to the display, and optionally applying a voltage to the electrodes of the display. The polymerization is carried out at a temperature at which the LC medium represents a liquid crystal phase, generally at room temperature. It has proven particularly suitable to add a polymerizable mesogenic or liquid crystal compound (also known as a reactive mesogen or " RM ") to the LC host mixture.

On the other hand, the PS (A) scheme is used for various conventional LC display types. PS-FFS (" Fringe-Field Switching "), PS-OCB (" optically compensated bending "), PS- ), PS-UB-FFS (" super bright FFS) and PS-TN (" twisted nematic ") displays are known. The polymerization of RM is preferably done in the case of PS-VA and PS- In the presence of an applied voltage, preferably in the absence of an applied voltage in the case of a PS-IPS display, in the presence of an applied voltage, In the case of a display, for example, the bending structure may be stabilized such that offset voltage may be unnecessary or reduced. In the case of a PS-VA display, a pre-warp yarn positively affects the reaction time. (&Quot; multi-domain VA ") or PVA (" patterned VA & It is also possible to use only one structured electrode without protrusions, which considerably simplifies production and improves contrast and transparency.

Also, the so-called Posi-VA system (" Positive VA ") proved to be particularly suitable. If no voltage is applied in the initial state, as in conventional VA and PS-VA displays, the initial orientation of the LC molecules in the Forge-VA display is homeotropic (i.e., substantially perpendicular to the substrate). However, in contrast to conventional VA and PS-VA displays, LC media with positive dielectric anisotropy are used in the Forge-VA display. As in the IPS and PS-IPS displays, the two electrodes in the Posi-VA display are arranged on only one of the two substrates, preferably exhibiting an interdigitated interdigitated structure. When a voltage is applied to the crossing electrode, it creates an electric field substantially parallel to the layer of the LC medium, and LC molecules are switched in an orientation substantially parallel to the substrate. In the Forge-VA display, polymer stabilization by addition of RM to the LC medium (followed by RM being polymerized in the display) proved to be also advantageous. Thereby, a considerable reduction of the switching time can be achieved.

PS-VA displays are described, for example, in European Patent Application No. 1170626 A2, US Patent No. 6,661,107, US Patent No. 7,164,949, US Patent Application No. 2004/0191428 A1, US Patent Application No. 2006/0066793 A1, U.S. Patent Application No. 2006/0103804 Al. PS-OCB displays are described, for example, in T.-J-Chen et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 45, 2006, 2702-2704; H. Kim, L.-C-Chien, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 43, 2004, 7643-7647. PS-IPS displays are described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 6,177,972 and Appl. Phys. Lett. 1999, 75 (21), 3264). PS-TN displays are described, for example, in Optics Express 2004, 12 (7), 1221.

The PSA display may be operated as an active-matrix or passive-matrix display. In the case of an active-matrix display, the individual pixels are generally addressed by integrated non-linear active elements, e.g., transistors (e.g., thin film transistors or "TFTs"), Is addressed by a known multiplex method from the prior art.

The PSA display may also include an alignment layer on one or both of the substrates forming the display cell. The alignment layer is generally applied on the electrodes (if such electrodes are present) to induce an initial alignment of the LC molecules in contact with the LC medium. The alignment layer may comprise or consist of, for example, a polyimide which may be rubbed or produced by a photo-alignment method.

In particular, for monitors and especially for TV applications, optimization of the contrast and luminance (and hence transmittance) as well as the reaction time of the LC display is still required. The PSA method can provide significant benefits here. In particular, in the case of PS-VA, PS-IPS, PS-FFS and PS-Posi-VA displays, without significant negative impact on other parameters, the reduction of the reaction time, which correlates with the measurable pre- Can be achieved.

The prior art has proposed optionally fluorinated biphenyl diacrylate or dimethacrylate as an RM for use in PSA displays.

LC media suitable for use in PSA displays are well known and are described, for example, in International Patent Application Publication No. WO 2011/050893 A1, European Patent Application No. 3 121 247 A1, European Patent Application No. 2 990 460 A1 and International And is described in Patent Application Publication No. WO2016 / 184542 Al. However, using media from the state of the art (which is optimized for operation in a display with a white backlight) can provide a relatively low transmittance when used in a display with a blue backlight.

There is therefore still a great need for PSA displays and LC media and polymeric compounds for use in such displays, where the properties of the LC medium are particularly suited to the use of blue backlights.

In particular, high resistivity and simultaneous wide operating temperature range, short response times even at low temperatures, low threshold voltage, low line tilt angle, variety of gray tones, high contrast and wide viewing angles, high reliability after UV exposure and high VHR values There is a great demand for PSA displays and LC mixtures and RMs for use in the displays, which have a combined, high transmittance and, in the case of RM, a low melting point and high solubility for the LC host mixture.

The present invention provides new materials suitable for use in such displays, in particular RM, LC host mixtures and LC media, as well as PSA displays with blue backlights and quantum dot color filters that have no or less of the above-mentioned disadvantages .

In particular, the present invention enables high transmittance, very high resistivity values, high VHR values, high reliability, low threshold voltages, short reaction times, high birefringence and, in particular, good UV absorption at longer wavelengths, Enables the rapid and complete polymerization of the contained RM, produces a low line tilt angle as fast as possible, enables high stability of the pre-warp yarn even after a longer time and / or after UV exposure, A PSA display with a blue backlight and a quantum dot color filter that reduces or prevents the occurrence of ODF scatter in the display, and an LC medium for use in the display.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an LC mixture and an LC medium for PSA with a blue backlight and a quantum dot color filter exhibiting a reduced viscosity and a high clearing point and a high VHR while allowing rapid and complete polymerization of RM To solve the problem.

This object has been achieved according to the invention by means of materials and methods as described and claimed herein.

Surprisingly, it has been found that at least some of the above-mentioned problems can be solved by using an LC medium comprising a LC host mixture and a polymerizable component containing the compounds of formulas I, II, III and IV disclosed and claimed hereinafter lost.

Thus, when using the LC media described and claimed below in a PSA display with a blue backlight and a quantum dot color filter, a high luminescent point, a high VHR, a high UV absorption (which is required for rapid and complete polymerization) It has been found that it is possible to achieve a high transmittance and a lower viscosity of the LC host mixture while still maintaining the production.

In particular, it has been found that by using one or more compounds according to claim 1 in the LC medium, an improvement in transmittance can be achieved.

The use of the LC medium according to the invention promotes a rapid and complete UV-photopolymerization reaction, especially at low UV energy and / or at longer UV wavelengths in the range of 300 to 380 nm, in particular more than 340 nm, . In addition, the use of the LC medium according to the invention enables the rapid production of large and stable line tilt angles, reduces afterimage and ODF scattering in the display, leads to high VHR values after UV light curing, Thereby achieving a low threshold voltage and a high birefringence.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to one embodiment.

The present invention relates to a display device including a blue light backlight source and a liquid crystal display panel,

A first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate,

An electrode provided on each of the substrates, or two electrodes provided only on one of the substrates, and

A light emitting layer disposed on the liquid crystal panel at the side of the panel not in contact with the light source and emitting light having a wavelength longer than that of the blue light by the blue light exiting through the liquid crystal panel;

/ RTI >

Wherein the liquid crystal panel includes a first pixel region, a second pixel region, and a third pixel region,

The light emitting layer includes a first color light emitting layer, a second color light emitting layer, and a third color light emitting layer that correspond to the first, second, and third pixel regions on a one-to-one basis,

Wherein the first, second and optionally third color light emitting layers comprise quantum point phosphors having different quantum dot sizes and emitting light of different colors from each other,

The liquid-

- a polymeric component (A) comprising, preferably consisting of, at least one polymerizable compound, and

- a liquid crystal component (B) comprising at least one compound selected from the group of compounds of the formulas I and II and at least one compound of the formula III below and at least one compound of the formula IV (hereinafter also referred to as "Quot;

Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > (LC) < / RTI > medium,

The total concentration of the compounds of formulas I and II is greater than 23% by weight,

The total concentration of the compounds of formulas III and IV is greater than 20% by weight:

In this formula,

Alkyl and alkyl ^* each independently of one another represent a straight-chain alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms,

R &^lt; 1 > are each, independently of one another, a straight-chain alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms,

R ² each represent, independently of each other, a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a straight-chain alkoxy radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

The present invention also relates to

- a polymeric component (A) comprising, preferably consisting of, at least one polymerizable compound, and

- a liquid crystal component (B) (hereinafter also referred to as " LC host mixture ") comprising, preferably consisting of, one or more mesogenic or liquid crystal compounds,

Gt; (LC) < / RTI > media,

The component (B) comprises at least one compound of the formula I and / or II and III and IV as defined above and below.

The liquid crystal component (B) of the LC medium according to the present invention is hereinafter also referred to as the " LC host mixture ", and is preferably selected from low molecular weight compounds (e.g., compounds of formula I, II, III and IV) (For example, a polymerization initiator, an inhibitor, etc.).

The present invention also relates to LC media or LC displays described above and below, wherein the polymerizable compound is polymerized.

The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of the compounds of formula I and / or II and III and IV, or the LC host mixture or LC component (B) described hereinabove and hereinafter with one or more polymerizable compounds and optionally further LC compounds ≪ / RTI > and / or an additive. ≪ Desc / Clms Page number 2 >

The present invention also relates to the use of said LC medium in an LC display, in particular a PSA display.

The invention also relates to the use of the LC medium according to the invention in a PSA display, in particular by in-situ polymerization of the polymerizable compound (s) of component (B) in the PSA display, preferably in an electric field or in a magnetic field , A use in a PSA display containing an LC medium for producing the tilt angle of the LC medium.

The present invention also relates to an LC display comprising a LC medium according to the invention and as defined above, which is preferably a PSA display, very preferably a PS-VA, PS-IPS or PS-UB-FFS display to be.

The present invention also relates to an LC display comprising a polymer obtainable by polymerization of the polymerizable component (A) as described above and described in more detail below, or a LC medium according to the invention, PSA display, and most preferably a PS-VA, PS-IPS or PS-UB-FFS display.

The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a plasma display panel comprising the steps of: providing two substrates (at least one of which is transparent to light), electrodes provided on each of the substrates or two electrodes provided on only one of the substrates, To an LC display of the PSA type comprising a LC medium layer comprising the above polymerizable compound and an LC component (as described above and below), wherein the polymerizable compound is polymerized between the substrates of the display.

The invention also relates to a method of making an LC display as described above and below, the method comprising charging a LC medium comprising one or more polymeric compounds as described above and below between substrates of the display A step provided otherwise, and a step of polymerizing the polymerizable compound.

A PSA display according to the present invention preferably has two electrodes in the form of a transparent layer, which are provided on one or both of the substrates. In some displays, for example PS-VA displays, one electrode is applied to each of the two substrates. In another display, for example a PS-IPS or PS-UB-FFS display, both of the electrodes are applied to only one of the two substrates.

In a preferred embodiment, when a voltage is applied to the electrodes of the display, the polymerizable component is polymerized in the LC display.

The polymerizable compound of the polymerizable component is preferably polymerized by photopolymerization, more preferably by UV photopolymerization.

Unless otherwise stated, the polymerizable compound is preferably selected from an achiral compound.

As used herein, " blue light " means light having a wavelength in the range of 430 nm to 490 nm.

The term " quantum dot " is generally a semiconductor nanoparticle composed of a group II to VI compound, a group III to V compound, a group IV to VI compound, a group IV compound, or a mixture of these groups, Light can be emitted. The quantum dots of the same material can emit light of different wavelengths depending on the particle size. Examples of materials for quantum dots composed of group II to VI compounds include CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe , CdZnSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe, and HgZnSTe;

Examples of materials for quantum dots composed of group III to V compounds include GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, InSb, GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, , AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InNP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, InPSb, GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GainNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, and InAlPSb ;

Examples of materials for quantum dots composed of Group IV to Group VI compounds include SnS, SnSe, SnTe, PbS, PbSe, PbTe, SnSeS, SnSeTe, SnSTe, PbSeS, PbSeTe, PbSTe, SnPbS, SnPbSe, SnPbTe, SnPbSSe, SnPbSeTe, SnPbSTe;

Examples of materials for quantum dots consisting of Group VI elements or compounds are Si, Ge, SiC, and SiGe.

The terms " active layer " and " switchable layer " are used herein to refer to structures that have a structure that changes its orientation relative to an external stimulus (e.g., an electric field or a magnetic field), such that the transmittance of the layer varies with respect to polarized or non- (E.g., an LC display) that includes one or more molecules (e. G., LC molecules) having optical anisotropy.

As used herein, the terms " tilt " and " tilt angle " shall be understood to mean inclined alignment of LC molecules of the LC medium relative to the surface of the cell in an LC display (preferably a PSA display). The angle of incidence herein indicates the average angle (less than 90 DEG) between the longitudinal molecular axis of the LC molecule (LC direction) and the plane-parallel outer plate forming the LC cell. A low slope value (i.e., a large slope from a 90 deg. Angle) corresponds to a large slope. A suitable method for measuring the tilt angle is shown in the embodiment. Unless otherwise stated, the tilt angle values described above and below relate to such a measurement method.

As used herein, the terms " reactive mesogen " and " RM " are intended to include both mesogenic or liquid crystalline moieties and one or more functional groups attached thereto, which are suitable for polymerization and also referred to as " polymerizable group " Compound ". < / RTI >

Unless otherwise indicated, the term " polymerizable compound " herein is understood to mean a polymerizable monomeric compound.

As used herein, the term " low molecular weight compound " shall be understood to mean a compound that is not a monomeric compound, and / or that is not produced by a polymerization reaction, as opposed to a " polymeric compound "

As used herein, the term "non-polymeric compound" will be understood to mean a compound that does not contain functional groups suitable for polymerization under conditions generally applicable to the polymerization of RM.

As used herein, the term " mesogenic group " is known and documented in the art, and due to its anisotropic gravitational and repulsive interactions, a group specifically contributing to the formation of a liquid crystal (LC) image in a low molecular weight or polymeric component it means. The mesogenic group-containing compound (mesogenic compound) itself does not necessarily have the LC phase. It is also possible to exhibit LC phase behavior only after mixing with other compounds and / or only after polymerization. Exemplary mesogenic groups are, for example, rigid rod-shaped or disk-shaped units. An overview of terms and definitions used in connection with mesogenic or LC compounds can be found in Pure Appl. Chem. 2001, 73 (5), 888; Tschierske, G. Pelzl, S. Diele, Angew. Chem. 2004 , 116, 6340-6368.

The term " spacer group " (hereinafter also referred to as " Sp ") is known in the art and described in the literature and described, for example, in Pure Appl. Chem. 2001, 73 (5), 888; Tschierske, G. Pelzl, S. Diele, Angew. Chem. 2004 , 116, 6340-6368. The term " spacer group " or " spacer " herein refers to a flexible group (e.g., an alkylene group) linking a polymerizable group (s) and a mesogenic group in a polymerizable mesogenic compound.

는 트랜스-1,4-사이클로헥실렌 고리를 나타내고,In the above and below,

Quot; represents a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene ring,

는 1,4-페닐렌 고리를 나타낸다.

Represents a 1,4-phenylene ring.

In the above and below, " organic group " represents a carbon or hydrocarbon group.

&Quot; Carbon group " refers to a monovalent or multivalent organic group containing one or more carbon atoms, which does not contain additional atoms (e.g., -C? C-), optionally one or more additional atoms , N, O, S, B, P, Si, Se, As, Te or Ge) (for example carbonyl etc.). The term " hydrocarbon group " refers to a carbon group that additionally contains one or more H atoms and optionally one or more heteroatoms (e.g., N, O, S, B, P, Si, Se, As, Te or Ge).

"Halogen" refers to F, Cl, Br or I.

를 나타낸다.-CO-, -C (= O) - and -C (O) - are carbonyl groups,

.

The carbon or hydrocarbon group may be a saturated group or an unsaturated group. The unsaturated group is, for example, an aryl, alkenyl or alkynyl group. Carbon or hydrocarbon radicals having more than three carbon atoms can be linear, branched and / or cyclic, and can also contain spiked or condensed rings.

The terms " alkyl ", " aryl ", " heteroaryl ", and the like also include multivalent groups such as alkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, and the like.

The term " aryl " denotes an aromatic carbon group or a group derived therefrom. The term " heteroaryl " preferably refers to " aryl " (as defined above) containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, S, Se, Te, Si and Ge.

Preferred carbon and hydrocarbon groups are straight, branched or cyclic, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkynyl, alkynyl, Alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy and alkoxycarbonyloxy; Aryl or aryloxy optionally substituted with 5 to 30, preferably 6 to 25 carbon atoms; Or an optionally substituted alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryloxy, arylalkyloxy, arylcarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, arylcarbonyloxy, and aryl having 5 to 30, preferably 6 to 25 carbon atoms Wherein at least one carbon atom is also preferably replaced by a heteroatom selected from N, O, S, Se, Te, Si and Ge.

Other preferred carbon and hydrocarbon groups are C ₁ -C ₂₀ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkynyl, C ₃ -C ₂₀ allyl, C ₄ -C ₂₀ alkylenedienyl, C ₄ -C ₂₀ one polyene, C ₆ -C ₂₀ cycloalkyl, C ₄ -C ₁₅ alkenyl, cycloalkyl, C ₆ -C ₃₀ aryl, C ₆ -C ₃₀ alkylaryl, C ₆ -C ₃₀ aryl, C ₆ -C ₃₀ alkyl Aryloxy, C ₆ -C ₃₀ arylalkyloxy, C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryl, or C ₂ -C ₃₀ heteroaryloxy.

Particularly preferred are C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkenyl, C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkynyl, C ₆ -C ₂₅ aryl and C ₂ -C ₂₅ heteroaryl.

Other preferred carbon and hydrocarbon groups are straight chain, branched or cyclic alkyl having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms, unsubstituted or mono- or multiply substituted with F, Cl, Br, I or CN , Wherein one or more non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are each, independently of one another, selected from the group consisting of -C (R ^x ) = C (R ^x ) -, -C≡C- , -N (R ^x ) -, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, or -O-CO-O-.

R ^x is preferably a straight, branched or cyclic alkyl chain having from 1 to 25 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different and are H, F, Cl, CN, -O-CO-, or -O-CO-O-, and one or more H atoms may be replaced by F or Cl, Or an optionally substituted aryl or aryloxy group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl or heteroaryloxy group optionally substituted with 2 to 30 carbon atoms.

Preferred alkyl groups are, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-hexyl, cyclohexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-heptyl, cycloheptyl, n-octyl, cyclooctyl, N-butyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, perfluorooctyl, perfluorohexyl, and the like.

Preferred alkenyl groups are, for example, ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, cyclopentenyl, hexenyl, cyclohexenyl, heptenyl, cycloheptenyl, octenyl, cyclooctenyl, and the like.

Preferred alkynyl groups are, for example, ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, octynyl, and the like.

Preferred alkoxy groups include, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, 2-methoxy-ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, N-decoxy, n-decoxy, n-undecoxy, n-dodecoxy, and the like to be.

Preferred amino groups are, for example, dimethylamino, methylamino, methylphenylamino, phenylamino, and the like.

The aryl and heteroaryl groups may be monocyclic or polycyclic, i.e. they may be a single ring (e.g., phenyl) or two or more rings (which may also be fused (e.g., naphthyl) , Biphenyl)), or may contain a combination of rings linked to a fused ring. The heteroaryl group preferably contains at least one heteroatom selected from O, N, S and Se.

Particularly preferred are monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic aryl groups having 6 to 25 carbon atoms and monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic heteroaryl groups having 5 to 25 ring atoms, which optionally contain fused rings And optionally substituted. Also preferred are 5, 6 or 7 membered aryl and heteroaryl groups, wherein one or more CH groups are also replaced by N, S or O in such a way that O and / or S atoms are not directly connected to each other .

Preferred aryl groups include, for example, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, [1,1 ': 3', 1 "] terphenyl-2'-yl, naphthyl, anthracene, binaphthyl, phenanthrene, Dienhydropyrenes, chrysene, perylene, tetracene, pentacene, benzopyrene, fluorene, indene, indenofluorene, spirobifluorene, and the like.

Preferred heteroaryl groups are, for example, 5 membered rings such as pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole, tetrazole, furan, thiophene, selenophene , Oxazole, isoxazole, 1,2-thiazole, 1,3-thiazole, 1,2,3-oxadiazole, 1,2,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,5- , 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,3-thiadiazole, 1,2,4-thiadiazole, 1,2,5-thiadiazole, 1,3,4-thiadiazole ; 6-membered ring such as pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, 1,3,5-triazine, 1,2,4-triazine, 1,2,3-triazine, 1,2,4,5- Tetrazine, 1,2,3,4-tetrazine, 1,2,3,5-tetrazine; A condensed group such as indole, isoindole, indolizine, indazole, benzimidazole, benzotriazole, purine, naphthimidazole, phenanthrylimidazole, pyridimidazole, pyrazinimidazole, quinoxalineimide Benzothiazole, benzofuran, isobenzofuran, dibenzofurane, quinoline, isoquinoline, pteridine, benzo-5, isoquinoline, 6-quinoline, benzo-6,7-quinoline, benzo-7,8-quinoline, benzoisoquinoline, acridine, phenothiazine, pentoxazine, benzopyridazine, benzopyrimidine, quinoxaline, Thieno [2,3b] -thiophene, thieno [3,2b] thiophene, dithienothiophene, isobenzothiophene, isobenzothiophene, Dibenzothiophene, benzothiazolidothiophene; Or a combination of these groups.

The aryl and heteroaryl groups mentioned above and below may also be substituted with alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl, fluorine, fluoroalkyl or other aryl or heteroaryl groups.

(Non-aromatic) alicyclic and heterocyclic groups include both saturated rings (i.e., rings that contain exclusively single bonds) and also partially unsaturated rings (i.e., rings that may also contain multiple bonds) . The heterocyclic ring preferably contains at least one hetero atom selected from Si, O, N, S and Se.

(Non-aromatic) alicyclic and heterocyclic groups may be monocyclic (i.e. containing only one ring) (e.g. cyclohexane), or polycyclic (i.e. containing a plurality of rings) (such as decahydronaphthalene or Bicyclooctane). ≪ / RTI > Saturated groups are particularly preferred. Also preferred is an optionally substituted monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic group containing from 5 to 25 ring atoms, optionally containing fused rings. Also, at least one carbon atom may be replaced by Si and / or one or more CH groups may be replaced by N and / or one, two or three, The non-adjacent CH ₂ groups may be replaced by -O- and / or -S-.

Preferred alicyclic and heterocyclic groups include, for example, five-membered groups such as cyclopentane, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiofuran, pyrrolidine; A 6-membered group such as cyclohexane, silica, cyclohexene, tetrahydropyrane, tetrahydrothiopyran, 1,3-dioxane, 1,3-dithiane, piperidine; A 7-membered group such as cycloheptane; And fused groups such as tetrahydronaphthalene, decahydronaphthalene, indane, bicyclo [1.1.1] -pentane-l, 3-diyl, bicyclo [2.2.2] Spiro- [3.3] -heptane-2,6-diyl, octahydro-4,7-methanoindan-2,5-diyl.

Preferred substituents include, for example, solubility-accelerators such as alkyl or alkoxy; An electron-attracting group such as fluorine, nitro or nitrile; Or a substituent for increasing the glass transition temperature (T _g ) in the polymer, in particular a bulky group such as t-butyl or an optionally substituted aryl group.

Preferred substituents (hereinafter also referred to as "L") are F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO ₂ , -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, _{^{x) 2, -C (= O}} ) Y 1, -C (= O) R x, -N (R x) 2, each of 1 to 25 carbon atoms having a linear or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl , Alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy, wherein one or more H atoms may optionally be replaced by F or Cl, optionally substituted silyl having 1 to 20 Si atoms, or 6 ≪ / RTI > is optionally substituted aryl having from 1 to 25, preferably from 6 to 15 carbon atoms,

R ^x represents H, F, Cl, CN, or linear, branched or cyclic alkyl having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH ₂ - groups are optionally replaced by O and / O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO- or -O-CO-O- in a manner not directly connected to each other, With F, Cl, P- or P-Sp-,

Y ¹ represents halogen.

"Substituted silyl group or an aryl group" is preferably, ^{halogen, -CN, -R 0, -OR 0} , -CO-R 0, -CO-OR 0, -O-CO-R 0 or -O-CO- OR ⁰ , wherein R ⁰ represents H or alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

Particularly preferred substituents L are, for example, F, Cl, CN, NO ₂ , CH ₃ , C ₂ H ₅ , OCH ₃ , OC ₂ H ₅ , COCH ₃ , COC ₂ H ₅ , COOCH ₃ , COOC ₂ H _{5 a, CF 3, OCF 3, OCHF} 2, OC 2 F 5, also phenyl.

는 바람직하게는

이고, 여기서 L은 상기 제시된 의미 중 하나를 가진다.

Is preferably

, Where L has one of the meanings given above.

The polymerizable group P is a group suitable for polymerization (for example, free-radical or ion-chain polymerization, heavy or polycondensation) or polymer-like reaction (for example addition or condensation to the main polymer chain). Particularly preferred is a group for chain polymerization, in particular a group containing a C = C double bond or a -C≡C-triple bond, and a group suitable for polymerization accompanied by ring opening (for example oxetane or epoxide group).

, CH₂=CW²-(O)_k3-, CW¹=CH-CO-(O)_k3-, CW¹=CH-CO-NH-, CH₂=CW¹-CO-NH-, CH₃-CH=CH-O-, (CH₂=CH)₂CH-OCO-, (CH₂=CH-CH₂)₂CH-OCO-, (CH₂=CH)₂CH-O-, (CH₂=CH-CH₂)₂N-, (CH₂=CH-CH₂)₂N-CO-, HO-CW²W³-, HS-CW²W³-, HW²N-, HO-CW²W³-NH-, CH₂=CW¹-CO-NH-, CH₂=CH-(COO)_k1-Phe-(O)_k2-, CH₂=CH-(CO)_k1-Phe-(O)_k2-, Phe-CH=CH-, HOOC-, OCN- 및 W⁴W⁵W⁶Si-로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되며, 이때 W¹은 H, F, Cl, CN, CF₃, 페닐 또는 1 내지 5개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 알킬, 특히 H, F, Cl 또는 CH₃을 나타내고, W² 및 W³은 각각, 서로 독립적으로, H 또는 1 내지 5개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 알킬, 특히, H, 메틸, 에틸 또는 n-프로필을 나타내고, W⁴, W⁵ 및 W⁶은 각각, 서로 독립적으로, Cl, 또는 1 내지 5개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 옥사알킬 또는 옥사카보닐알킬을 나타내고, W⁷ 및 W⁸은 각각, 서로 독립적으로, H, Cl 또는 1 내지 5개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 알킬을 나타내고, Phe는, 임의적으로 하나 이상의 라디칼 L(상기 정의된 바와 같되, P-Sp-는 아님)로 치환된 1,4-페닐렌을 나타내고, k₁, k₂ 및 k₃은 각각, 서로 독립적으로, 0 또는 1을 나타내고, k₃은 바람직하게는 1을 나타내고, k₄는 1 내지 10의 정수를 나타낸다.Preferred P groups are CH ₂ = CW ¹ -CO-O-, CH ₂ = CW ¹ -CO-,

^{_{, CH 2 = CW 2 - (}} O) k3 -, CW 1 = CH-CO- (O) k3 -, CW 1 = CH-CO-NH-, CH 2 = CW 1 -CO-NH-, CH 3 - CH = CH-O-, (CH 2 = CH) 2 CH-OCO-, (CH 2 = CH-CH 2) 2 CH-OCO-, (CH 2 = CH) 2 CH-O-, (CH 2 = _{CH-CH 2) 2 N-,} (CH 2 = CH-CH 2) 2 N-CO-, HO-CW 2 W 3 -, HS-CW 2 W 3 -, HW 2 N-, HO-CW 2 W _{^{3 -NH-, CH 2 = CW 1}} -CO-NH-, CH 2 = CH- (COO) k1 -Phe- (O) k2 -, CH 2 = CH- (CO) k1 -Phe- (O) k2 -, Phe-CH = CH-, HOOC-, OCN- and W ⁴ W ⁵ W ⁶ Si-, wherein W ¹ is H, F, Cl, CN, CF ₃ , phenyl, one represents alkyl having carbon atoms, in particular H, F, Cl or CH _3, W ² and W ³ are each, independently of one another, H or 1-alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, in particular, H, methyl, ethyl Or n-propyl, and W ⁴ , W ⁵ and W < ⁶ > are each independently of the other Cl, or oxalalkyl or oxacarbonylalkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, W ⁷ and W ⁸ are each, independently of one another, H, Cl or 1 to 5 represents alkyl having a carbon atom, is Phe, denotes a 1,4-phenylene optionally substituted with optionally one or more radicals L (gatdoe, P-Sp- is not defined above), k _1, k ₂ and k ₃ each independently represent 0 or 1, k ₃ preferably represents 1, and k ₄ represents an integer of 1 to 10.

, CH₂=CW²-O-, CH₂=CW²-, CW¹=CH-CO-(O)_k3-, CW¹=CH-CO-NH-, CH₂=CW¹-CO-NH-, (CH₂=CH)₂CH-OCO-, (CH₂=CH-CH₂)₂CH-OCO-, (CH₂=CH)₂CH-O-, (CH₂=CH-CH₂)₂N-, (CH₂=CH-CH₂)₂N-CO-, CH₂=CW¹-CO-NH-, CH₂=CH-(COO)_k1-Phe-(O)_k2-, CH₂=CH-(CO)_k1-Phe-(O)_k2-, Phe-CH=CH- 및 W⁴W⁵W⁶Si-로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되고, 상기 식에서, W¹은 H, F, Cl, CN, CF₃, 페닐 또는 1 내지 5개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 알킬, 특히, H, F, Cl 또는 CH₃를 나타내고, W² 및 W³은 각각, 서로 독립적으로, H 또는 1 내지 5개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 알킬, 특히, H, 메틸, 에틸 또는 n-프로필을 나타내고, W⁴, W⁵ 및 W⁶은 각각, 서로 독립적으로, Cl, 또는 1 내지 5개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 옥사알킬 또는 옥사카보닐알킬을 나타내고, W⁷ 및 W⁸은 각각, 서로 독립적으로, H, Cl 또는 1 내지 5개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 알킬을 나타내고, Phe는 1,4-페닐렌을 나타내고, k₁, k₂ 및 k₃은 각각, 서로 독립적으로, 0 또는 1을 나타내고, k₃은 바람직하게는 1을 나타내고, k₄는 1 내지 10의 정수를 나타낸다.A highly preferred group P is CH ₂ ═CW ¹ -CO-O-, CH ₂ ═CW ¹ -CO-,

^{_{, CH 2 = CW 2 -O-,}} CH 2 = CW 2 -, CW 1 = CH-CO- (O) k3 -, CW 1 = CH-CO-NH-, CH 2 = CW 1 -CO-NH- _{, (CH 2 = CH) 2} CH-OCO-, (CH 2 = CH-CH 2) 2 CH-OCO-, (CH 2 = CH) 2 CH-O-, (CH 2 = CH-CH 2) 2 _{N-, (CH 2 = CH-} CH 2) 2 N-CO-, CH 2 = CW 1 -CO-NH-, CH 2 = CH- (COO) k1 -Phe- (O) k2 -, CH 2 = _{CH- (CO) k1 -Phe- (O} ) k2 -, Phe-CH = CH- and W ⁴ W ⁵ is selected from the group consisting of W ⁶ Si-, wherein R, W ¹ is H, F, Cl, CN , CF ₃ , phenyl or alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, in particular H, F, Cl or CH ₃ , and W ² and W ³ are each, independently of one another, H or 1 to 5 carbon atoms W ⁴ , W ⁵ and W ⁶ are each, independently of one another, Cl or an oxalkyl or oxacarbonyl alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, in particular H, methyl, ethyl or n- represents, W ⁷ and W ⁸ represents an alkyl, each having, independently of one another, H, Cl, or 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a, Phe is 1,4- Represents alkenylene, k _1, k ₂ and k ₃ each represents, independently, 0 or 1 to each other, k is ₃ preferably represents a 1, ₄ k represents an integer of 1 to 10.

로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된다.Particularly preferred P groups are CH ₂ ═CW ¹ -CO-O-, especially CH ₂ ═CH-CO-O-, CH ₂ ═C (CH ₃ ) -CO-O- and CH ₂ ═CF-CO- O-, and also CH ₂ ═CH-O-, (CH ₂ ═CH) ₂ CH-O-CO-, (CH ₂ ═CH) ₂ CH-

≪ / RTI >

Other preferred polymerizable groups P are selected from the group consisting of vinyloxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylates, chloroacrylates, oxetanes and epoxides, most preferably acrylates and methacrylates.

When Sp is not a single bond, it is preferably of the formula Sp "-X" such that each radical P-Sp- corresponds to the formula P-Sp "-X" -,

Sp " is alkylene optionally mono- or polysubstituted by F, Cl, Br, I or CN and having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are each, independently of one another, selected from the group consisting of -O-, -S-, -NH-, -N (R ⁰ ) -, -Si (R ^{0 R 00) -, -CO-, -CO} -O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -S-CO-, -CO-S-, -N (R 00) -CO- -O-CO-N (R ⁰ ) -, -N (R ⁰ ) -CO-N (R ⁰⁰ ) -, -CH═CH- or -C≡C-,

X "is -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO- O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -CO-N (R 0) -, -N (R 0 ^{) -CO-, -N (R 0)} -CO-N (R 00) -, -OCH 2 -, -CH 2 O-, -SCH 2 -, -CH 2 S-, -CF 2 O-, - OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ S-, -SCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ CF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ -, -CH═N-, -N═CH-, -N ^{= N-, -CH = CR 0 -} , -CY 2 = CY 3 -, -C≡C-, -CH = CH-CO-O-, -O-CO-CH = CH- or a single bond,

R ⁰ and R ⁰⁰ are each, independently of one another, H or alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms,

Y ² and Y ³ each independently of one another denote H, F, Cl or CN.

X "is preferably -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -O-COO-, -CO-NR ⁰ -, -NR ⁰ -CO-, -NR ⁰ - CO-NR < ⁰⁰ > - or a single bond.

Typical spacer groups Sp, and -Sp "-X" - is, for _{example, - (CH 2) p1 -} , - (CH 2 CH 2 O) q1 -CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 -S- _{CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2} CH 2 -NH-CH 2 CH 2 - or ^{- (SiR 0 R 00 -O)} p1 - , and is an integer of above formula, p1 is a number ranging from 1 to 12, q1 is a number ranging from 1 to 3 And R ⁰ and R ⁰⁰ have the meanings given above.

A particularly preferred Sp and -Sp "-X" - group _{- (CH 2) p1 -,} - (CH 2) p1 -O-, - (CH 2) p1 -O-CO-, - (CH 2) p1 -CO -O-, or - a _{(CH 2) p1 -O-CO} -O-, wherein p1 and q1 have the given significance.

Particularly preferred Sp " groups are, in each case, straight chain, ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentylene, hexylene, heptylene, octylene, nonylene, decylene, undecylene, dodecylene, octadecylene, ethyleneoxyethylene , Methyleneoxybutylene, ethylenethioethylene, ethylene-N-methylimino-ethylene, 1-methylalkylene, ethenylene, prophenylene and butenylene.

Particularly preferred compounds of formula I are selected from the following sub-formulas I-1 to I-3:

In the above formulas, the propyl, butyl and pentyl groups are straight chain groups.

The compounds of formulas I-2 and I-3 are most preferred.

Preferred compounds of formula (III) are those of sub-formulas (III-1) and (III-2)

In this formula,

Alkyl and alkyl ^* each independently represent ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl or n-pentyl.

Particularly preferred compounds of formula III-2 are those of formula III-2-1:

.

.

Preferred compounds of formula IV are those of sub-formulas IV-1 and IV-2:

In this formula,

Alkyl and alkyl ^* each independently represent ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl or n-pentyl.

A particularly preferred compound of formula IV-2 is a compound of formula IV-2-1:

.

.

The LC medium according to the invention comprises compounds of the formulas I, II, III and IV as set forth in claim 1, preferably using polymerizable components comprising this reactive and / or trimeric RM Using a mixture of LC hosts results in characteristics favorable for PSA displays with a blue light backlight. In particular, one or more of the following advantages can be achieved:

- High transmittance,

- Excellent UV absorption at longer wavelengths,

- Rapid and complete polymerization of RM,

- In particular, at low UV energy and / or longer UV wavelengths, the generation of low pretilt angles,

- High UV absorption,

- increased UV stability,

- High UV stability after UV exposure,

- reduced afterimage,

- reduced ODF,

- High reliability and high VHR value after UV exposure and / or heat treatment,

- suitably low birefringence,

- reduced viscosity,

- Faster response time.

The polymerizable compound is preferably selected from the following formula R:

In the above formula, the individual radicals, in each case identically or differently, and each independently of one another, have the following meanings:

R ^a and R ^b is P, P-Sp-, H, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO 2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, SF 5 , or 1 to 25 carbon linear or branched alkyl having atomic (At this time, also, one or more non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are each, independently, O and / or S atoms are not directly connected manner to each ^{other, -C (R 0) = C} (R ^{00) -, -C≡C-, -N (} R 00) -, with -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO- O-, -O-CO- or -O-CO-O- Wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, Br, I, CN, P or P-Sp- and wherein B ¹ and / or B ² is a saturated carbon atom , R < ^{a >} and / or R < ^b & gt ^; may also represent a radical spirally linked to a saturated carbon atom,

At least one of the radicals R ^a and R ^b represents or contains a P or P-Sp- group,

P is a polymerizable group,

Sp represents a spacer group or a single bond,

B ¹ and B ² are aromatic, heteroaromatic, alicyclic or heterocyclic groups having 4 to 25 ring atoms, which may contain fused rings and which are unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by L, ego,

Z ^b is -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO- O-, -OCO-, -O-CO-O-, -OCH 2 -, -CH 2 O-, -SCH 2 -, -CH 2 S _{-, -CF 2 O-, -OCF 2} -, -CF 2 S-, -SCF 2 -, - (CH 2) n1 -, -CF 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CF 2 -, - (CF 2 _{) n1 -, -CH = CH-,} -CF = CF-, -C≡C-, -CH = CH-COO-, -OCO-CH = CH-, CR 0 R 00 or a single bond,

R ⁰ and R ⁰⁰ are each, independently of one another, H or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms,

m represents 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4,

n1 represents 1, 2, 3 or 4,

L is P, P-Sp-, -OH, -CH 2 OH, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CN, -NO 2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C ^{(= O) N (R x} ) 2, -C (= O) Y 1, -C (= O) R x, -N (R x) 2, optionally substituted silyl, 6 to 20 carbon atoms Optionally substituted aryl, or straight or branched chain alkyl having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy, wherein at least one H atom Can be replaced by F, Cl, P or P-Sp-,

P and Sp have the meanings given above,

Y ¹ represents halogen,

R ^x is selected from the group consisting of P, P-Sp-, H, halogen, straight chain, branched chain or cyclic alkyl having from 1 to 25 carbon atoms wherein one or more non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are optionally replaced by O and / May be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, or -O-CO-O- in an unconnected manner, An atom may be replaced by F, Cl, P or P-Sp-), an optionally substituted aryl or aryloxy group having from 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted Heteroaryl or heteroaryloxy group.

Particularly preferred compounds of the formula R are those wherein B ¹ and B ² are each, independently of one another, 1,4-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, naphthalene-1,4-diyl, naphthalene- Yl, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl, 9,10-dihydro-phenanthrene-2,7-diyl, anthracene-2,7-diyl, fluorene- Or Flavone, wherein one or more CH groups in these groups may also be replaced by N, cyclohexane-1,4-diyl, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH ₂ groups may also be replaced by O and / or S 3.3.1] -pentane-1,3-diyl, bicyclo [2.2.2] octane-1,4-diyl, spiro [3.3] -Heptane-2,6-diyl, piperidine-1,4-diyl, decahydro-naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene- Yl, indan-2,5-diyl or octahydro-4,7-methanoen-2,5-diyl, wherein all of these groups are unsubstituted Or L is a compound which may be substituted or multi-substituted by one (as hereinbefore defined).

Particularly preferred compounds of the formula R are those wherein B ¹ and B ² are each, independently of one another, 1,4-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, naphthalene-1,4-diyl or naphthalene- Lt; / RTI >

Highly preferred compounds of the formula R are selected from the following formulas M1 to M31:

In the above formula, the individual radicals, in each case identically or differently, and each independently of one another, have the following meanings:

P ¹ , P ² , or P ³ is a vinyloxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloro-acrylate, oxetane, or epoxy group,

Sp ¹ , Sp ² , or Sp ³ is Wherein at least ^{one of the} radicals P ¹ -Sp ¹ -, P ¹ -Sp ² - and P ³ -Sp ³ - may represent R ^aa with the proviso that the radicals P ¹ - At least one of Sp ¹ -, P ² -Sp ² and P ³ -Sp ³ - is not R ^aa ,

R ^aa is selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, CN or straight or branched chain alkyl having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, wherein the at least one non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are each, independently of one another, O and / the ^{non-connection, -C (R 0) = C} (R 00) -, -C≡C-, -N (R 0) -, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O -, -O-CO-, or -O-CO-O-, wherein one or more H atoms may also be replaced by F, Cl, CN or P ¹ -Sp ¹ - Preferably, straight or branched chain alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and optionally mono- or polyfluorinated, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyl Oxy, wherein said alkenyl and alkynyl radical have at least two carbon atoms, said branched chain radical having at least three carbon atoms,

R ⁰ and R ⁰⁰ are H or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms,

R ^y and R ^z are Is H, F, CH ₃ or CF _3,

X ¹ , X ² or X ³ is -CO-O-, -O-CO- or a single bond,

Z ¹ is -O-, -CO-, -C (R ^y R ^z ) - or -CF ₂ CF ₂ -

Z ² and Z ³ are -O-CO-, -CH ₂ O-, -OCH ₂ -, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ - or - (CH ₂ ) _n -, where n is 2, 3 or 4,

L is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, CN or straight or branched chain alkyl optionally having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and optionally mono- or polyfluorinated, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy Or alkoxycarbonyloxy,

L ' and L " are H, F, or Cl,

r is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4,

s is 0, 1, 2 or 3,

t is 0, 1 or 2,

x is zero or one.

The compounds of the formulas M2 and M13, in particular these reactive compounds containing exactly two polymerisable groups P < ^{1 >} and P < ² >

In addition, the compounds M15 to M31, in particular, M17, M18, M19, M22, M23, M24, M25, M26, M30 and M31, in particular three containing exactly three polymerizable groups P ^1, P ² and / or P ³ Reactive compounds are preferred.

In the compounds of formulas M1 to M31,

기는 바람직하게는

이고,

The group is preferably

ego,

Where L is, each occurrence, the same or different, have one of the meanings given above and below, preferably from _{F, Cl, CN, NO 2} , CH 3, C 2 H 5, C (CH 3) 3 , CH (CH ₃ ) ₂ , CH ₂ CH (CH ₃ ) C ₂ H ₅ , OCH ₃ , OC ₂ H ₅ , COCH ₃ , COC ₂ H ₅ , COOCH ₃ , COOC ₂ H ₅ , CF ₃ , OCF ₃ , OCHF ₂ , OC ₂ F ₅ or P-Sp-, very preferably F, Cl, CN, CH ₃ , C ₂ H ₅ , OCH ₃ , COCH ₃ , OCF ₃ or P- is Cl, CH _3, OCH _3, COCH ₃ or OCF _3, in particular F or CH _3.

Preferred compounds of the formulas M1 to M30 are those in which P ¹ , P ² and P ³ are acrylate, methacrylate, oxetane or epoxy groups, very preferably acrylate or methacrylate groups.

Other preferred compounds of the formulas M1 to M31 are those wherein Sp ¹ , Sp ² and Sp ³ are single bonds.

Other preferred compounds of the formulas M1 to M31 are those in which one of Sp ¹ , Sp ² and Sp ³ is a single bond and the other of Sp ¹ , Sp ² and Sp ³ is not a single bond.

Other preferred compounds of formulas M1 to M31 are those wherein the Sp ¹ , Sp ² and Sp ³ groups not being a single bond are - (CH ₂ ) s ₁ -X "-, wherein s 1 is 1 to 6, preferably 2, 3, 4 or 5 and X " is the linkage to the benzene ring and is -O-, -O-CO-, -CO-O, -O-CO-O- or a single bond.

An LC medium comprising one, two or three polymeric compounds of the formula R is particularly preferred.

Preferably, the proportion of the compound of formula R in the LC medium is from 0.01 to 5%, very preferably from 0.05 to 1%, most preferably from 0.1 to 0.5%.

In the case of PSA display fabrication, the polymeric compound contained in the LC medium is polymerized or cross-linked by in-situ polymerization of the LC medium between the substrates of the LC display, optionally with application of voltage to the electrodes Lt; / RTI > contains two or more polymerizable groups).

The structure of a PSA display according to the present invention corresponds to the conventional geometry of a PSA display as described in the prior art cited at the beginning. Geometries without protrusions are preferred, especially geometries in which the electrodes on the color filter side are also unstructured and only the electrodes on the TFT side have slots. A particularly suitable and preferred electrode structure for PS-VA displays is described, for example, in U.S. Patent Application 2006/0066793 Al.

1, a display device 400 includes a blue backlight 100, a display panel 200, and a light emitting layer 300. The display panel 200 includes a rear plate 210, a front plate 230 spaced from the rear plate 210 by a predetermined distance and a liquid crystal layer 250 interposed between the rear plate 210 and the front plate 230 ). The front plate 230 includes a first insulating substrate 232, a front polarizer 231 disposed on the outer surface of the first insulating substrate 232, a common electrode 233 disposed on the inner surface of the first insulating substrate 232, An upper alignment layer 233 disposed on the common electrode 233, and an upper alignment layer 234 disposed on the common electrode 233. The common electrode 233 and the upper alignment layer 234 are sequentially arranged on the inner surface of the first insulating substrate 232. The rear plate 210 includes a second insulating substrate 212; A rear polarizer 211 disposed on the outer surface of the second insulating substrate 212; A liquid crystal driving circuit including a TFT and a pixel electrode serving as a switching device, the circuit comprising: a wire layer 220 disposed on an inner surface of a second insulating substrate 212; And a lower alignment layer 214 disposed on the wire layer 220. The light emitting layer 300 includes a red light emitting layer R, a green light emitting layer G and a blue light emitting layer B and is disposed on the front polarizer 231. The rear plate 210 includes a plurality of pixel regions PA1, PA2, and PA3 that correspond to the first, second, and third pixel regions PA1, PA2, and PA3 and the first to third pixel regions PA1, PA2, Layer (R), a green light-emitting layer (G) and a blue light-emitting layer (B). The light emitting layer 300 includes a quantum dot in a particle or a thin layer. The rear polarizer 211 is disposed under the rear plate 210 and the blue backlight 100 is disposed under the rear polarizer 211. [ The rear polarizer 211 has a polarization axis that is substantially perpendicular to the polarization axis of the front polarizer 231.

In one embodiment, only the first color light emitting layer and the second color light emitting layer comprise a quantum dot phosphor.

In another embodiment, all the color light emitting layers comprise a quantum dot phosphor.

In a preferred embodiment, the blue light from the backlight is converted into red light in the red light emitting layer R and into green light in the green light emitting layer G, and the blue light emitting layer is converted into blue light having the same wavelength as the backlight The red light emitting layer R and the green light emitting layer G only contain quantum dots so that the blue light emitting layer B can emit light.

In another preferred embodiment, the blue light from the backlight is converted by the quantum dot in the blue light-emitting layer (B) into blue light having a wavelength different from that of the backlight.

A preferred PSA type LC display device of the present invention comprises:

A first substrate comprising a pixel electrode defining a pixel region and, optionally, a first alignment layer disposed on the pixel electrode, the pixel electrode being connected to a switching element disposed in a respective pixel region, Including a micro-slit pattern),

A second substrate comprising a common electrode layer (which may be disposed on the entire portion of the second substrate opposite the first substrate) and optionally a second alignment layer,

An LC layer disposed between the first and second substrates and comprising a liquid crystal medium comprising a polymerizable component (A) and a liquid crystal component (B) as described above and below, wherein the polymerizable component (A) Can also be polymerized)

And an LC display panel.

The first and / or second alignment layer controls the alignment direction of the LC molecules of the LC layer. For example, in a PS-VA display, the alignment layer is selected to impart homeotropic (or vertical) alignment (i.e., perpendicular to the surface) or tilted alignment to the LC molecules. The alignment layer can comprise, for example, a polyimide which can also be rubbed or can be produced by a photo-alignment method.

The LC layer with the LC medium can be deposited between the substrates of the display by a method commonly used by the display manufacturer (e.g. a so-called one-drop-filling method). The polymerizable component of the LC medium is then polymerized, for example, by UV light polymerization. The polymerization can be carried out in one step or in two or more steps.

The PSA display may include additional elements such as a black matrix, a passivation layer, an optical retardation layer, transistor elements for addressing individual pixels, etc., all of which are well known to those skilled in the art, Can be used.

The electrode structure can be designed by a person skilled in the art according to the individual display type. For example, in the case of a PS-VA display, the multi-domain orientation of LC molecules can be induced by providing electrodes with slits and / or bumps such that two, four or more different angled alignment directions are created have.

The display device further comprises a blue backlight lamp. Advantageously, the backlight lamp comprises a plurality of blue LEDs. When light passes through the LC layer and then through the quantum dot color filter, high purity red light is emitted after conversion by the red pixel pattern; High purity green light is emitted after conversion by the green pixel pattern; The high purity blue backlight of the backlight is either emitted directly or optionally through a corresponding quantum dot that converts the blue backlight to blue light having a longer wavelength depending on the nature of the LDE backlight and then the three primary colors red, / B) is provided, and the required color including white is provided by controlling the R / G / B gray scale with the liquid crystal layer.

Upon polymerization, the polymerizable compound forms a crosslinked polymer, which results in a specific linear gradient of the LC molecule in the LC medium. Without wishing to be bound by any particular theory, it is believed that at least a portion of the crosslinked polymer formed by the polymerizable compound is phase separated or precipitated from the LC medium to form a polymer layer on the substrate or electrode or alignment layer provided thereon . Microscopic measurement data (e.g., SEM and AFM) confirm that at least a portion of the polymer formed is deposited at the LC / substrate interface.

The polymerization can be carried out in one step. Further, in order to generate the pre-baked square in the first step, the polymerization is first performed while applying a voltage arbitrarily, and subsequently, in the second polymerization step, the unreacted compound in the first step, It is also possible to polymerize or crosslink (" final cure ").

Suitable and preferred polymerization methods are, for example, thermal polymerization or photopolymerization, preferably photopolymerization, in particular UV-induced photopolymerization, which can be achieved by exposing the polymerizable compound to UV radiation.

Optionally, one or more polymerization initiators are added to the LC medium. Suitable conditions for the polymerization and suitable types and amounts of initiator are known to those skilled in the art and are described in the literature. Suitable for free-radical polymerization are, for example, commercially available photoinitiators Irgacure 651 (registered trademark), Irgacure 184 (registered trademark), Irgacure 907 (registered trademark), Irgacure 369 (registered trademark) Darocure 1173 (registered trademark) (Ciba AG)). When a polymerization initiator is used, its proportion is preferably 0.001 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably 0.001 to 1% by weight.

The polymerisable compounds according to the invention are also suitable for initiator-free polymerization, which means that there is a significant advantage (e. G. Lower material cost and, in particular, possible residual amount of initiator or less contamination of the LC medium by its decomposition products) Lt; / RTI > Thus, the polymerization can also be carried out without the addition of an initiator. Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment, the LC medium does not contain a polymerization initiator.

The LC medium may also comprise one or more stabilizers, for example to prevent undesirable spontaneous polymerization of the RM during storage or transport. Suitable types and amounts of stabilizers are well known to those skilled in the art and are described in the literature. For example, the Irganox (R) series from Ciba AG, such as Irganox (R) 1076 commercial stabilizers, is particularly suitable. When a stabilizer is used, the ratio thereof based on the total amount of RM or the polymerizable component (component (A)) is preferably 10 to 500,000 ppm, particularly preferably 50 to 50,000 ppm.

The polymeric compounds of formula (R) above exhibit excellent UV absorptivity, especially in the process of making PSA displays comprising at least one of the following features, and are therefore particularly suitable for such processes:

The polymeric medium is exposed in the display in a two-step process (a first UV exposure step (" UV-1 step ") to produce a tilt angle and a second UV exposure step Step ")) to UV light,

- exposing the polymeric medium in the display to UV light produced by an energy-saving UV lamp (also known as a " green UV lamp "), the lamp having an absorption spectrum within the range of 300 to 380 nm (1/100 to 1/10 of a typical UV1 lamp) and is preferably used in the UV2 stage, but optionally also in the UV1 stage if it is necessary to avoid high intensity in the process ).

The polymeric medium is exposed to UV light having a radiation spectrum in the display that shifts to a longer wavelength (preferably greater than 340 nm) in order to avoid short UV light exposure in the PS-VA process Exposure to the generated UV light.

Using both lower intensity, and UV transitions to longer wavelengths, protects the organic layer against damage that may be caused by UV light.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of making a PSA display as described above and below, comprising one or more of the following features:

- the polymeric LC medium is subjected to a two-step process (including a first UV exposure step (" UV-1 step ") to produce a preliminary square and a second UV exposure step (" UV-2 step & Exposure to UV light,

The polymeric LC medium is produced by a UV lamp which is preferably used in the UV2 stage and optionally also in the UV1 stage and has a strength of 0.5 mW / cm ² to 10 mW / cm ² at a wavelength in the range of 300 to 380 nm Exposed UV light,

The polymeric LC medium is exposed to UV light having a wavelength of at least 340 nm, preferably at most 400 nm.

The preferred process is to use a desired UV lamp or a band pass filter and / or a cut-off filter, which is substantially transmissive for UV light with each desired wavelength (s) Which substantially blocks the light that it has. For example, upon irradiation with UV light of a wavelength (?) Of 300 to 400 nm, the UV exposure may be performed using a broadband pass filter that is substantially transmissive to a wavelength (?) Of greater than 300 nm and less than 400 nm have. If it is desired to irradiate with UV light at a wavelength (?) Of more than 340 nm, the UV exposure may be carried out using a cutoff filter that is substantially transmissive to the wavelength (?) Of more than 340 nm.

By " substantially transparent " is meant that the filter transmits a substantial portion (preferably, 50% or more) of the incident light of the desired wavelength (s). By " substantially blocking " it is meant that the filter does not transmit a significant portion (preferably 50% or more) of the incident light of undesired wavelength (s). The term "intended (or undesirable) wavelength" means, for example, in the case of a band pass filter, within (or outside of) a given range, and in the case of a cut- .

The preferred process makes it possible to produce displays using longer UV wavelengths, thereby reducing or even avoiding the hazardous and damaging effects of short UV light components.

The UV radiation energy is generally from 6 to 100 J, depending on production process conditions.

Preferably, the LC medium according to the invention consists essentially of a polymeric component (A) and an LC component (B) (or LC host mixture) as described above and below. However, the LC medium is preferably selected from the group consisting of, but not limited to, but not limited to co-monomers, chiral dopants, polymerization initiators, inhibitors, stabilizers, surfactants, wetting agents, lubricants, dispersants, hydrophobing agents, One or more additional components or additives selected from the list of deinking agents, diluents, reactive diluents, adjuvants, colorants, dyes, pigments and nanoparticles.

An LC medium is preferred, wherein the polymerizable component (A) consists exclusively of polymeric compounds of the formula R.

In another preferred embodiment, the polymerizable component (A) contains, in addition to the compound of formula (R), one or more additional polymerizable compounds ("co-monomers"), preferably selected from RM.

Preferably, the proportion of polymeric component (A) in the LC medium is greater than 0% and less than 5%, more preferably greater than 0% to 1%, most preferably 0.01 to 0.5%.

Preferably, the proportion of said LC component (B) in said LC medium is from 95% to less than 100%, very preferably from 99% to less than 100%.

In addition to the polymerizable component (A) described above, the LC medium according to the present invention may comprise an LC component (B) or (LC) component comprising at least one, preferably at least two, LC compounds selected from low- LC host mixture. The LC compound is selected to be stable and / or non-reactive with respect to the polymerization reaction under the conditions applied to the polymerization of the polymerizable compound.

Examples of such compounds are the compounds of formulas I, II, III and IV described above.

An LC medium is preferred in which the LC component (B) or the LC host mixture has a nematic LC phase, preferably without a chiral liquid crystal phase.

Also preferred are LC media from which the compounds of component (A) and / or (B) are exclusively selected from the group consisting of the achiral compounds of formula (I) and the achiral compounds.

The LC component (B) or LC host mixture is preferably a nematic LC mixture.

In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains an LC component (B) or an LC host mixture, based on a compound having negative dielectric anisotropy. The LC medium is particularly suitable for use in PS-VA and PS-UB-FFS displays. Particularly preferred embodiments of the LC medium and the corresponding LC component (B) or LC host mixture are of the following items a) to 11):

a) said LC medium or host mixture therein comprises at least one compound of the formula CY and / or PY:

In this formula,

a represents 1 or 2,

b represents 0 or 1,

는 를 나타내고,

The Lt; / RTI >

R ¹ and R ² are each, independently of one another, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or two non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are also optionally replaced by -O- , -CH = CH-, -CO-, -OCO- or -COO-), preferably alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms,

Z ^x and Z ^y each independently represent -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -CH═CH-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -OCH ₂ -, -CO- O-, -O-CO-, -C ₂ F ₄ -, -CF═CF-, -CH═CH-CH ₂ O- or a single bond, preferably a single bond,

L ¹ to L ⁴ each independently represent F, Cl, OCF ₃ , CF ₃ , CH ₃ , CH ₂ F or CHF ₂ ,

However, the compounds of formulas (III) and (IV) are excluded.

Preferably, L ¹ and L ² both represent F, or one of L ¹ and L ² represents F and the other represents Cl, or L ³ and L ⁴ both represent F, or L ³ and L < ⁴ > represents F and the other represents Cl.

The compounds of formula CY are preferably selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas CY1 to CY31:

Wherein a represents 1 or 2, alkyl and alkyl ^* each, independently of one another, represent a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and alkenyl represents straight-chain alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms Radical, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond.

Alkenyl preferably _{CH 2 = CH-, CH 2 =} CHCH 2 CH 2 -, CH 3 -CH = CH-, CH 3 -CH 2 -CH = CH-, CH 3 - (CH 2) 2 -CH = _{CH-, CH 3 - (CH 2} ) 3 -CH = CH- or _{CH 3 -CH = CH- (CH 2} ) 2 - represents a.

The compounds of formula PY are preferably selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas PY1 to PY18:

Wherein alkyl and alkyl ^* each, independently of one another, represent a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkenyl represents a straight-chain alkenyl radical having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and (O) Oxygen atom or a single bond.

Alkenyl preferably _{CH 2 = CH-, CH 2 =} CHCH 2 CH 2 -, CH 3 -CH = CH-, CH 3 -CH 2 -CH = CH-, CH 3 - (CH 2) 2 -CH = _{CH-, CH 3 - (CH 2} ) 3 -CH = CH- or _{CH 3 -CH = CH- (CH 2} ) 2 - represents a.

b) said LC medium or LC host mixture comprises one or more compounds of formula (B)

In this formula,

W represents O or S, preferably O,

R ¹ and R ² independently of one another are alkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl or alkoxyalkyl having 1 to 9 carbon atoms or alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 2 to 9 carbon atoms, Disagree,

L ¹ and L ² represent F or Cl.

The compound of formula (B) is preferably selected from the following formula (B1)

In the above formula, alkyl represents a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond.

(O) groups are both oxygen atoms, and alkyl is preferably straight-chain methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl.

c) said LC medium or LC host mixture comprises at least one compound of the formula ZK:

In the above formula, the individual radicals have the following meanings:

는

The

를 나타내고,

Lt; / RTI >

는

를 나타내고,

The

Lt; / RTI >

R ³ and R ⁴ each independently of one another represent alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or two non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are also optionally replaced by - O-, -CH = CH-, -CO-, -O-CO- or -CO-O-,

Z ^y represents -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -CH═CH-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -OCH ₂ -, -CO-O-, _{-C 2 F 4 -, -CF =} CF-, -CH = CH-CH 2 O- or a single bond, preferably a single bond are represented,

However, the compounds of formulas (III) and (IV) are excluded.

The compounds of formula ZK are preferably selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas ZK1 to ZK8:

Wherein alkyl and alkyl ^* each independently of one another represent a straight chain alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and alkenyl represents a straight chain alkenyl radical having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

Alkenyl preferably _{CH 2 = CH-, CH 2 =} CHCH 2 CH 2 -, CH 3 -CH = CH-, CH 3 -CH 2 -CH = CH-, CH 3 - (CH 2) 2 -CH = _{CH-, CH 3 - (CH 2} ) 3 -CH = CH- or _{CH 3 -CH = CH- (CH 2} ) 2 - represents a.

d) said LC medium or LC host mixture comprises at least one compound of formula DK:

In the above formula, the individual radicals, in each case, the same or different, have the following meanings:

R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each, independently of one another, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, in which also 1 or 2 non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are optionally replaced by -O- , -CH = CH-, -CO-, -OCO- or -COO-), preferably alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms,

는

The

를 나타내고,

Lt; / RTI >

는

The

를 나타내고,

Lt; / RTI >

e represents 1 or 2;

The compounds of formula DK are preferably selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas DK1 to DK12:

Wherein alkyl and alkyl ^* each independently of one another represent a straight chain alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and alkenyl represents a straight chain alkenyl radical having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

Alkenyl preferably _{CH 2 = CH-, CH 2 =} CHCH 2 CH 2 -, CH 3 -CH = CH-, CH 3 -CH 2 -CH = CH-, CH 3 - (CH 2) 2 -CH = _{CH-, CH 3 - (CH 2} ) 3 -CH = CH- or _{CH 3 -CH = CH- (CH 2} ) 2 - represents a. The medium particularly preferably comprises at least one compound selected from the group of compounds of the formulas DK1, DK2 and DK3, most preferably of the formula DK1.

e) said LC medium or LC host mixture comprises one or more compounds of the formula LY:

In the above formula, the individual radicals have the following meanings:

는

The

를 나타내되, 단, 적어도 하나의 고리 F는 사이클로헥실렌이 아니고,

With the proviso that at least one ring F is not cyclohexylene,

f represents 1 or 2,

R ¹ and R ² each independently of one another represent alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and wherein one or two non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are also optionally replaced by - O-, -CH = CH-, -CO-, -OCO- or -COO-,

Z ^x is -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -CH═CH-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -OCH ₂ -, -CO-O-, _{-C 2 F 4 -, -CF =} CF-, -CH = CH-CH 2 O- or a single bond, preferably represents a single bond.

L ¹ and L ² each independently of one another represent F, Cl, OCF ₃ , CF ₃ , CH ₃ , CH ₂ F or CHF ₂ .

Preferably, the radicals L ¹ and L ² both represent F, or one of the radicals L ¹ and L ² represents F and the other represents Cl.

The compounds of formula LY are preferably selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas LY1 to LY24:

(O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and v represents an integer of 1 to 6 (wherein R < ¹ > has the abovementioned meaning, alkyl represents a straight chain alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, .

R ¹ is preferably straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or straight-chain alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, especially CH ₃ , C ₂ H ₅ , nC ₃ H ₇ , nC ₄ H ₉ , _{nC 5 H 11, CH 2 =} CH-, CH 2 = CHCH 2 CH 2 -, CH 3 -CH = CH-, CH 3 -CH 2 -CH = CH-, CH 3 - (CH 2) 2 -CH = _{CH-, CH 3 - (CH 2} ) 3 -CH = CH- or _{CH 3 -CH = CH- (CH 2} ) 2 - represents a.

f) said LC medium or LC host mixture comprises at least one compound of the formula T:

In the above formula, the individual radicals, in each case identically or differently, and each independently of one another, have the following meanings:

R ¹ and R ² are alkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl or alkoxyalkyl having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 2 to 9 carbon atoms, all of which are optionally fluorinated,

L ^T1 to L ^T6 are H, F or Cl, wherein at least one of L ^T1 to L ^T6 is F or Cl.

The compound of formula (T) is preferably selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas T1 to T24:

Wherein R represents a straight chain alkyl or alkoxy radical having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, R ^* represents a straight chain alkenyl radical having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond And m represents an integer of 1 to 6.

R ^* is preferably CH ₂ ═CH-, CH ₂ ═CHCH ₂ CH ₂ -, CH ₃ -CH═CH-, CH ₃ -CH ₂ -CH═CH-, CH ₃ - (CH ₂ ) ₂ -CH = CH-, CH ₃ - (CH ₂ ) ₃ -CH = CH- or CH ₃ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₂ -.

R and R ^* preferably represent methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy or pentoxy.

Compounds of formulas T1, T2 and T3, especially compounds of formulas T1 and T2, are highly preferred.

(O) represents an oxygen atom, m is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 and R is preferably straight chain methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl, desirable.

Preferably, the LC medium contains no more than 15% of a compound of formula (T) or T1 to T24 or any other compound having a terphenyl group.

Preferably, the proportion of the compound of formula T or T1 to T24 or any other compound having a terphenyl group in the LC medium is at least 5%, very preferably from 5 to 15%, most preferably from 5 to 10% .

Preferably the LC medium contains from 1 to 5, very preferably 1 or 2, compounds of the formula T or T1 to T24.

g) said LC medium or LC host mixture comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the following formulas G1 to G4:

In the above formula, alkyl represents C _1-6 -alkyl, L ^x represents H or F, and X represents F, Cl, OCF ₃ , OCHF ₂ or OCH = CF ₂ . Particular preference is given to compounds of the formula (G1) in which X represents F.

h) said LC medium or LC host mixture comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the following formulas YC1 to YC16:

Wherein R ⁵ has one of the meanings given above for R ¹ , alkyl represents C _1-6 -alkyl, d represents 0 or 1, Z and m are each, independently of one another, 6 < / RTI >

In these compounds, R ⁵ is particularly preferably C _1-6 -alkyl or -alkoxy or C _2-6 -alkenyl, and d is preferably 1. The LC medium according to the invention preferably comprises a compound of the abovementioned formula in an amount of 5% by weight or more.

i) said LC medium or LC host mixture comprises at least one biphenyl compound selected from the group consisting of the following formulas BI1 to BI5:

Wherein alkyl and alkyl ^* are each, it represents a straight-chain alkyl radicals each having, independently, 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and alkenyl and alkenyl ^* each, independently of one another, straight-chain having 2 to 6 carbon atoms Represents an alkenyl radical. Alkenyl and alkenyl ^* preferably _{CH 2 = CH-, CH 2 =} CHCH 2 CH 2 -, CH 3 -CH = CH-, CH 3 -CH 2 -CH = CH-, CH 3 - (CH 2 ) ₂ -CH = CH-, CH ₃ - (CH ₂ ) ₃ -CH = CH- or CH ₃ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₂ -.

The proportion of the biphenyl compounds of the formulas B1 to B3 in the LC mixture is preferably at least 3% by weight, in particular at least 5% by weight.

Compounds of formula BI2 are particularly preferred.

The compounds of formulas BI1 to BI3 are preferably selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas BI1a and BI2a to BI2c:

Wherein alkyl ^* represents an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

The medium according to the invention preferably comprises one or more compounds of the formula BI1a and / or BI2c.

j) said LC medium or LC host mixture comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the following formulas O1 to O11:

Wherein R ¹ and R ² have the meanings given above and preferably each independently of one another represent straight chain alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or straight chain alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

A preferred medium comprises at least one compound selected from the following formulas O1, O3 and O4.

k) said LC medium or LC host mixture preferably comprises at least one compound of the formula FI in an amount of more than 3% by weight, in particular 5% by weight or more, very particularly preferably 5 to 30% by weight,

In this formula,

은

silver

를 나타내고,

Lt; / RTI >

R ⁹ represents H, CH ₃ , C ₂ H ₅ or nC ₃ H ₇ ,

(F) represents an optional fluorine substituent,

q represents 1, 2 or 3,

R < ⁷ > has one of the meanings given above for R < ^{1 &} gt ;.

Particularly preferred compounds of formula FI are selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas FIl to FI8:

In the above formula, R ⁷ preferably represents straight chain alkyl, and R ⁹ represents CH ₃ , C ₂ H ₅ or nC ₃ H ₇ .

Compounds of formulas FIl, FI2 and FI3 are particularly preferred.

l) said LC medium or LC host mixture comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the following formulas VK1 to VK4:

In which R ⁸ has the meanings given for R ¹ and alkyl represents a straight chain alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

m) said LC medium or LC host mixture comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds containing tetrahydronaphthyl or naphthyl units, for example the following formulas N1 to N10:

In this formula,

R ¹⁰ and R ¹¹ are each, independently of one another, alkyl having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, in which also one or two non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are optionally replaced by -O- , -CH = CH-, -CO-, -OCO- or -COO-), preferably alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms,

R ¹⁰ and R ¹¹ are preferably straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or straight-chain alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms,

Z ¹ and Z ² are each, independently of one _{another, -C 2 H 4 -, -CH} = CH-, - (CH 2) 4 -, - (CH 2) 3 O-, -O (CH 2) 3 - _{, -CH = CH-CH 2 CH} 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 CH = CH-, -CH 2 O-, -OCH 2 -, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C 2 F 4 -, -CF = CF-, -CF = CH-, -CH = CF-, -CH ₂ - or a single bond.

n) The LC medium or host mixture therein is preferably a mixture of difluorodibenzochroms of the formulas BC, CR and RC in an amount of 3 to 20% by weight, in particular in an amount of 3 to 15% by weight And / or < / RTI >

In this formula,

R ¹¹ and R ¹² each independently of one another have one of the meanings given above for R ¹¹ ,

Ring M is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene,

Z ^m is -C ₂ H ₄ -, -CH ₂ O-, -OCH ₂ -, -CO-O- or -O-CO-,

c is 0, 1 or 2;

Particularly preferred compounds of the formulas BC, CR and RC are selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas BC1 to BC7, CR1 to CR9 and RC1 to RC3:

Wherein alkyl and ^* denotes a straight-chain alkyl radical having each, independently of one another, from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, (O) denotes an oxygen atom or a single bond, c is 1 or 2, alkenyl and alkenyl ^- represents a straight-chain alkenyl radical having each, independently of one another, from 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

Alkenyl and alkenyl ^* preferably _{CH 2 = CH-, CH 2 =} CHCH 2 CH 2 -, CH 3 -CH = CH-, CH 3 -CH 2 -CH = CH-, CH 3 - (CH 2 ) ₂ -CH = CH-, CH ₃ - (CH ₂ ) ₃ -CH = CH- or CH ₃ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₂ -.

Mixtures comprising one, two or three compounds of formula BC-2 are very particularly preferred.

o) said LC medium or host mixture therein comprises at least one fluorinated phenanthrene and / or dibenzofurane of the formula PH and BF:

Wherein R ¹¹ and R ¹² each independently of one another have one of the meanings given above for R ¹¹ , b represents 0 or 1, L represents F and R represents 1, 2 or 3 .

Particularly preferred compounds of the formulas PH and BF are selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas PH1, PH2 and BF1:

Wherein R and R 'are each, independently of one another, a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy radical having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms.

p) said LC medium or LC host mixture comprises at least one cyclic compound of formula Y:

In this formula,

R ¹ and R ² are each, independently of one another, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or two non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are also optionally replaced by -O- , -CH = CH-, -CO-, -OCO- or -COO-), preferably alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms,

L ¹ and L ² each independently of one another represent F, Cl, OCF ₃ , CF ₃ , CH ₃ , CH ₂ F or CHF ₂ .

Preferably, L ¹ and L ² both represent F, or one of L ¹ and L ² represents F and the other represents Cl.

The compound of formula Y is preferably selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas Y1 to Y10:

Wherein alkyl and alkyl ^* each independently of one another represent a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy represents a straight-chain alkoxy radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkenyl and alkenyl ^* Each independently of the other, represent straight-chain alkenyl radicals having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

Alkenyl and alkenyl ^* preferably _{CH 2 = CH-, CH 2 =} CHCH 2 CH 2 -, CH 3 -CH = CH-, CH 3 -CH 2 -CH = CH-, CH 3 - (CH 2 ) ₂ -CH = CH-, CH ₃ - (CH ₂ ) ₃ -CH = CH- or CH ₃ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₂ -.

Particularly preferred compounds of formula Y are selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas Y6A and Y6B:

In the above formula, alkoxy preferably represents straight-chain alkoxy having 3, 4, or 5 carbon atoms.

q) said LC medium preferably comprises 1 to 5, preferably 1, 2 or 3, polymeric compounds selected from the group of the formula (P) or sub-formulas thereof.

r) In the LC medium, the proportion of the polymerizable compound in the entire mixture, in particular the compound of formula (P) or its sub-formula, is 0.05 to 5%, preferably 0.1 to 1%.

s) The LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula I in a total concentration ranging from 10% to 40%, preferably from 12% to 30%, particularly preferably from 15% to 25%.

t) said LC medium comprises at least one compound of formula II in a total concentration ranging from 6% to 25%, preferably from 7% to 20%, particularly preferably from 8% to 15%.

u) said LC medium comprises at least one compound of formula (III) in a total concentration ranging from 5% to 25%, preferably from 8% to 20%, particularly preferably from 11% to 17%.

v) said LC medium comprises at least one compound of formula (III) in a total concentration of at least 10%, preferably at least 12%, more preferably at least 15%.

w) said LC medium comprises at least one compound of formula (IV) in a total concentration ranging from 1% to 20%, preferably from 5% to 18%, particularly preferably from 8% to 15%.

x) said LC medium comprises at least one compound of formula II in a total concentration of more than 5%, preferably more than 8%, particularly preferably more than 10%.

y) said LC medium comprises at least one compound of formula I and at least one compound of formula II in a total concentration of greater than 22%, preferably greater than 25%, particularly preferably greater than 29%.

z) said LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formula II in a total concentration ranging from 23% to 60%, preferably from 26% to 55%, particularly preferably from 30% to 50% do.

aa) said LC medium comprises at least one compound of formula III and at least one compound of formula IV in a total concentration of greater than 19%, preferably greater than 21%, particularly preferably greater than 23%.

b) said LC medium comprises at least one compound of formula III and at least one compound of formula IV in a total concentration ranging from 20% to 45%, preferably from 22% to 35%, particularly preferably from 24% to 30% do.

cc) said LC medium comprises at least one compound of formula (I) and at least one compound of formula (II) and at least one compound of formula (III) and at least one compound of formula (IV) in an amount of 30% to 70%, preferably 40% to 65% Preferably in a total concentration ranging from 45% to 60%.

dd) said LC medium comprises at least one compound of formula DK, more preferably a compound of formula DK1, particularly preferably a compound of formula CCP-3-1 in an amount of 2% to 15%, preferably 4% to 12% Particularly preferably in a total concentration ranging from 6% to 10%.

ee) said LC medium comprises from 10% to 35%, preferably from 15% to 30% of at least one compound of formula CY, more preferably a compound of formula CY7 and / or CY8, particularly preferably a compound of formula CY8. , Particularly preferably in the range of 19% to 25%.

ff) The LC medium contains 0.5% to 10%, preferably 1% to 8%, of at least one compound of the formula PY, more preferably a compound of the formula PY7 and / or PY8, particularly preferably a compound of the formula PY8. , Particularly preferably in the range of 2% to 6%.

gg) The LC medium comprises at least one compound of formula (B) in a total concentration ranging from 0.5% to 10%, preferably from 1% to 8%, particularly preferably from 2% to 5%.

hh) said LC medium comprises at least one compound of the formula LY, preferably a compound of the formula LY10, in a total concentration ranging from 0.5% to 10%, preferably from 1% to 8%, particularly preferably from 2% to 5% .

ii) The concentration of the compound of the formula LY in the LC medium is 10% or less, preferably 5% or less.

jj) The concentration of the compound of the formula ZK1 and / or ZK2 in the LC medium is 10% or less, preferably 5% or less, particularly preferably 0%.

kk) said LC medium comprises at least one compound of formula ZK1 and / or ZK2, preferably a compound of formula CC-3-V1 in an amount of more than 0% to 8%, preferably 0.5% to 7% % ≪ / RTI > to 6%.

ll) The LC medium comprises 1% to 15%, preferably 2% to 13%, of at least one compound of the formula ZK3 and / or ZK4, preferably a compound of the formula ZK4, particularly preferably a compound of the formula PCH- , Particularly preferably from 3% to 12%.

The combination of the compound of the above-mentioned preferred embodiments with the above-mentioned polymerized compound has a low threshold voltage, a low rotational viscosity and a very good low temperature stability to the LC medium according to the invention, and at the same time, Value, and allows fast establishment of a particularly low pretilt angle in the PSA display. In particular, the LC medium exhibits a significantly shortened reaction time (especially also gray-hue response time) in PSA displays compared to media of the prior art.

The LC medium and the LC host mixture according to the invention are characterized by a nematic phase up to -20 캜, preferably up to -30 캜, particularly preferably up to -40 캜, At the same time, a rotational viscosity (gamma ₁ ) of 120 mPa · s or less can be achieved, so that an excellent MLC display with a fast response time can be achieved.

The LC medium of the present invention and the LC host mixture preferably have a nematic phase range of at least 80 K, particularly preferably at least 100 K, at 20 ° C, and a viscosity of not more than 150 mPa · s, preferably not more than 120 mPa · s And has a rotational viscosity.

In a VA-type display according to the present invention, the molecules in the layer of the LC medium in the switched-off state are aligned vertically (homeotropic) to the electrode surface or have a sloping homeotropic alignment. When a voltage is applied to the electrode, re-alignment of the LC molecules occurs along the longitudinal molecular axis parallel to the electrode surface.

In particular, the LC media according to the invention for use in displays of the PS-VA and PS-UB-FFS type are preferably used at 20 ° C and 1 kHz, very preferably -1.0 to -10, Has a negative dielectric anisotropy (DELTA epsilon) of -2.0 to -8.0, most preferably -2.5 to -6.0.

In particular, the birefringence (n) in the LC media according to the invention for use in displays of the PS-VA and PS-UB-FFS type is preferably less than 0.100, preferably 0.060 to 0.095, 0.070 to 0.092.

To increase the anchoring force, a polymerizable compound (so-called " reactive mesogen ") may also be added to the mixture according to the present invention. Preferred polymerizable compounds are listed in Table D below.

The LC medium according to the invention may also comprise further additives known to the person skilled in the art and described in the literature, such as polymerization initiators, inhibitors, stabilizers, interfacial active ingredients or chiral dopants. These additives may be polymeric or non-polymeric. The polymerizable additive is according to the above polymerizable component or component (A). The non-polymerizable additive is according to the non-polymerizable component or component (B).

The LC medium according to the present invention may also contain one or more UV stabilizers, for example Tinuvin TM from Ciba Chemicals, in particular Tinuvin TM 770, Inhibitors, free-radical scavengers, nanoparticles, and the like. Suitable stabilizers are listed in Table C below.

The LC medium according to the invention may also comprise, for example, one or more chiral dopants, preferably in a concentration of 0.01 to 1%, very preferably 0.05 to 0.5%. Suitable chiral dopants are listed in Table B below. Preferred chiral dopants are selected, for example, from R- or S-1011, R- or S-2011, R- or S-3011, R- or S-4011, or R- or S-5011.

In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains racemate or one or more chiral dopants, which are preferably selected from the chiral dopants mentioned in the preceding paragraph.

Also included in the LC medium are, for example, 0-15% by weight of a pleochroic dye, also nanoparticles, a conductive salt for improving the conductivity, preferably ethyl dimethyldodecylammonium 4-hexylbenzoate, (See, for example, Haller et al., Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 24 , 249-258 (1973)), or a complex salt of tetrabutylammonium tetraphenylborate or crown ether / RTI > and / or < RTI ID = 0.0 > nematic < / RTI > These types of components are described, for example, in German Patent Applications Nos. 22 09 127, 22 40 864, 23 21 632, 23 38 281, 24 50 088, 26 37 430, 28 53 728. < / RTI >

The individual components of the preferred embodiments a) to y) of the LC medium according to the invention are known or can be derived easily from the prior art by a person skilled in the relevant art, Based on the standard method described. Compounds of formula CY are described, for example, in European Patent Application No. 0 364 538. Compounds of formula ZK are described, for example, in German Patent Applications 26 36 684 and 33 21 373.

Needless to say to a person skilled in the art, the LC medium according to the invention may also comprise compounds in which, for example, H, N, O, Cl, F are replaced by corresponding isotopes (e.g. deuterium).

The LC medium which can be used according to the invention can be used in its own customary manner, for example by mixing one or more compounds of the formula I and / or II, III and IV with one or more compounds of the above-mentioned preferred embodiments and / Of a liquid crystal compound and / or an additive (e.g., a polymerizable compound or RM). In general, advantageously, at elevated temperatures, the desired amount of component used in smaller amounts is dissolved in the constituents of the main constituent. It is also possible to mix a solution of the above components in an organic solvent (e.g., acetone, chloroform or methanol), mix thoroughly, and then remove the solvent again, for example, by distillation.

Needless to say, the components of the LC mixture according to the present invention may be suitably selected to achieve a higher set point (e.g., greater than 100 DEG C) at a higher threshold voltage while maintaining other advantageous properties, It is also possible to achieve a lower lane marking. Similarly with correspondingly only slightly increased viscosity, a mixture with a higher? And a corresponding lower threshold value can be obtained. The MLC display according to the present invention preferably operates at a first Gooch and Tarry transmission minimum value (CH Gooch and HA Tarry, Electron. Lett. 10, 2-4, 1974 and CH Gooch (see, for example, German Patent No. 30 22818), particularly with regard to all-optical properties, such as high gradient of characteristic lines and low angle dependence of contrast , At the second minimum value, a lower dielectric anisotropy at the same threshold voltage as in a similar display is sufficient. This makes it possible to achieve significantly higher resistivity values at the first minimum value than in the case of a mixture comprising a cyano compound, using a mixture according to the invention. Through appropriate selection of the individual components and their weight ratios, one skilled in the art can set the birefringence required for a predetermined layer thickness of the MLC display using a simple conventional method.

The fabrication of an MLC display according to the present invention, from a polarizer, an electrode substrate plate and a surface-treated electrode, corresponds to a conventional design for this type of display. The term " design " as used herein is broadly incorporated herein and includes all derivatives and modifications of the matrix display element based on the LC display, particularly the poly-Si TFT or MIM.

The following examples illustrate the invention but do not limit it. In the above and below,% data represents% by weight, and all temperatures are given in degrees Celsius.

In this general description and in the working examples, the structure of the liquid crystal compound is presented in acronym. Unless otherwise stated, the conversion to the formulas is carried out according to Tables 1 to 3 below. All radicals C _n H _{2n + 1} , C _m H _{2m + 1} , C _n H _2n , C _m H _2m and C _k H _2k are each a straight chain alkyl radical having n, m or k carbon atoms in each case Or an alkenyl radical; N and m are each independently of the other 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12, preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 And k is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6. In Table 1, the ring elements of each compound are coded, in Table 2 the bridging members are listed, and in Table 3 the meanings of the symbols of the left and right chains of the compound are given.

Table 1: Ring elements

Table 2: Bridging members

Table 3. Side Chain

Preferred mixture components are shown in Table A below.

M and n are independently of each other an integer from 1 to 12, preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, and k is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 (O) C _m H _{2m + 1} means C _m H _{2m + 1} or OC _m H _{2m + 1} .

Table A

Liquid crystal mixtures comprising one, two, three, four or more compounds from Table A are particularly preferred.

Table B below shows possible dopants which are generally added to the mixture according to the invention. The mixture preferably contains 0 to 10% by weight, in particular 0.001 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably 0.001 to 3% by weight of dopant.

Table B

For example, stabilizers which may be added to the mixture according to the invention in an amount of 0 to 10% by weight are mentioned below.

Table C

Table D below shows exemplary reactive mesogenic compounds that may be used in other LC media in accordance with the present invention.

Table D

In a preferred embodiment, the mixture according to the present invention preferably comprises at least one polymerizable compound selected from the polymerizable compounds of the above formulas RM-1 to RM-131. Among these compounds RM-1, RM-4, RM-8, RM-17, RM-19, RM-35, RM-37, RM- 59, RM-69, RM-71, RM-83, RM-97, RM-98, RM-104, RM-112, RM-115 and RM-116 are particularly preferable.

Example

The following examples illustrate the invention without limiting it. This, however, presents the skilled artisan with the preferred mixture concept, using the compounds preferably used, their respective concentrations and combinations thereof with each other. In addition, the following examples illustrate which characteristics and combinations of features are available.

In addition, the following abbreviations and symbols are used.

V ₀ is the capacitive threshold voltage [V] at 20 ° C,

n _e is an extraordinary refractive index at 20 ° C and 589 nm,

n _o is the normal refractive index at 20 ° C and 589 nm,

[Delta] n is the optical anisotropy at 20 [deg.] C and 589 nm,

ε _⊥ it is, at 20 ℃ and 1 kHz, and the dielectric constant (dielectric permittivity) perpendicular to the director,

ε _∥ it is, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 20 C < / RTI > and 1 kHz,

DELTA epsilon is dielectric anisotropy at 20 DEG C and 1 kHz,

cl.p., T (N, I) is the isometric point [° C]

? ₁ is a rotational viscosity [mPa · s] at 20 ° C,

K ₁ is the elastic constant [pN] of the "extended" strain at 20 ° C,

K ₂ is the elastic constant [pN] of the "twist" strain at 20 ° C,

K ₃ is the elastic constant [pN] of the "bending" strain at 20 ° C.

Unless expressly stated otherwise, all concentrations herein are quoted in weight percent and refer to the total corresponding mixture comprising all solids and liquid crystal components in the absence of solvent.

(S, N) and nominal point T (N, I) from the smectic (S) to the nematic (N) All temperature values set forth herein are quoted in degrees Celsius (° C). m.p. represents the melting point, and cl.p. C is a crystalline state, N is a nematic phase, S is a smectic phase, and I is an isotropic phase. The data between these symbols indicate the transition temperature.

In each case, unless otherwise stated explicitly, all physical properties are described in "Merck Liquid Crystals, Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals", Status Nov. 1997, Merck KGaA, Germany], applied for a temperature of 20 ° C, Δn is determined at 589 nm, and Δε is determined at 1 kHz.

The term " threshold voltage " in the present invention relates to a capacitive threshold value (V ₀ ), also known as a Freedericks threshold, unless explicitly stated otherwise. In an embodiment, the optical threshold can also be quoted for 10% relative contrast, as is typical (V ₁₀ ).

Unless otherwise stated, the polymerization process of the polymerizable compound in the PSA displays described above and below is carried out at a temperature at which the LC medium exhibits a liquid phase, preferably a nematic phase, and most preferably at room temperature ("Quot; RT ").

Unless otherwise stated, the method of making the test cell and its measurements of all-optical and other properties are carried out in a manner to be described hereinafter or in analogy thereto.

The display used for the measurement of the capacitive threshold voltage consists of two planar-parallel outer plates spaced 25 占 퐉 apart, each having an electrode layer inside and a non-rubbed polyimide alignment layer Which affects the homeotropic edge alignment of the substrate.

The display or test cell used for the measurement of the tilt angle consists of two planar-parallel glass outer plates with a spacing of 4 [micro] m, each having an inner electrode layer and an upper polyimide alignment layer, The layers are rubbed anti-parallel to each other and affect the homeotropic edge alignment of the liquid crystal molecules.

The polymerizable compound is polymerized in the display or test cell by irradiation with a limited intensity of UVA light for a predetermined time, at which time a voltage (typically 10 V to 30 V, alternating current, 1 kHz) is applied to the display . In the following examples, metal halide lamps and intensities of 50 mW / cm < ² > are used for the polymerization unless otherwise stated. The intensity is measured using a standard UVA meter (a top-of-the-line Hoenle UV-meter with UVA sensor).

The tilt angle is determined by a crystal rotation test (Autronic-Melchers TBA-105). A low value (i.e., a large deviation from a 90 angle) corresponds to a large slope.

The VHR value is determined as follows: 0.3% polymeric monomeric compound is added to the LC host mixture and the resulting mixture is placed in a VA-VHR test cell containing a non-rubbed VA-polyimide alignment layer . The LC-layer thickness (d) is about 6 [mu] m unless otherwise stated. The VHR values are determined before and after the UV exposure at 1 V, 60 Hz, 64 μs pulses (measuring device: Autronic-Melchus VHRM-105).

LC host mixture

Comparative mixture Example

The latest comparative mixtures C-1 and C-2 were prepared as follows.

Comparative mixture C-1

Comparative mixture C-2

The nematic mixtures N-1 to N-3 according to the present invention were prepared as follows.

The mixture N-1

The mixture N-2

The mixture N-3

The mixture N-4

The mixture N-5

The mixture N-6

The mixture N-7

The mixture N-8

The mixture N-9

The mixture N-10

Mixture N-11

The mixture N-12

The mixture N-13

The mixture N-14

Usage Example

Polymerizable mixture

A polymerizable mixture was prepared by adding reactive mesogen M1 to the respective nematic LC host mixtures N1 to N14, respectively, at the concentrations (% by weight) shown in Table 1 below.

The composition of the polymerizable mixture is shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1. Polymerizable mixture composition

The mixture was well suited for use in PS-VA displays.

Permeability measurement

Transmittance measurements were performed at various voltages using blue light in a VA test cell (Merck Ltd., Japan; 3 μm cell spacing, inclination angle 1 °). The blue light was generated using a white optical LCD backlight equipped with a 450 nm (+/- 30 nm) band pass filter. The transmittance was measured using a luminance colorimeter (RD-80S, Topcon, Japan). The results are shown in the following table.

When used in a display with a blue backlight, in the on-state, the mixtures N1 and N2 according to the invention exhibited improved transmittance compared to the newer mixture C-1 or C-2.

Claims (20)

A display device comprising a blue light backlight source and a liquid crystal display panel,
In the liquid crystal display panel,
A first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate,
An electrode provided on each of the substrates, or two electrodes provided only on one of the substrates, and
A light emitting layer disposed on the liquid crystal panel at the side of the panel not in contact with the light source and emitting light having a wavelength longer than that of the blue light by the blue light exiting through the liquid crystal panel;
/ RTI >
Wherein the liquid crystal panel includes a first pixel region, a second pixel region, and a third pixel region,
The light emitting layer includes a first color light emitting layer, a second color light emitting layer, and a third color light emitting layer that correspond to the first, second, and third pixel regions on a one-to-one basis,
Wherein the first, second and optionally third color light emitting layers comprise quantum point phosphors having different quantum dot sizes and emitting light of different colors from each other,
The liquid-
(A) comprising at least one polymerisable compound, and
(B), which comprises at least one compound selected from the group of compounds of formulas (I) and (II), one or more compounds of formula (III) and one or more compounds of formula (IV) )
And a liquid crystal (LC) medium,
The total concentration of the compounds of formula I and / or II is greater than 23% by weight,
Wherein the total concentration of the compounds of formulas (III) and (IV) is greater than 20% by weight.

In this formula,
Alkyl and alkyl ^* each independently of one another represent a straight-chain alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
R &^lt; 1 > are each, independently of one another, a straight-chain alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
R ² are each independently of the other a straight chain alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a straight chain alkoxy radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first color light emitting layer and the second color light emitting layer comprise only a quantum dot phosphor. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the LC medium or the host mixture therein comprises at least one compound of formula (I) and at least one compound of formula (II) as set forth in claim 1. The method of claim 3,
Wherein the LC medium or host mixture therein comprises at least one compound of formula (II) as set forth in claim 1 at a total concentration of greater than 5%. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Wherein the LC medium or host mixture therein comprises at least one compound of formula (III) as set forth in claim 1 at a total concentration of at least 10%. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Wherein a birefringence (? N) of the LC host mixture ranges from 0.060 to 0.095. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Wherein the dielectric anisotropy (DELTA epsilon) of the LC host mixture ranges from -1.0 to -10.0. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Wherein the LC medium or host mixture therein further comprises at least one compound selected from the group of compounds of the formulas CY and PY with the proviso that the compounds of formulas (III) and (IV) Display device:

In this formula,
a represents 1 or 2,
b represents 0 or 1,

The

Lt; / RTI >
R ¹ and R ² each independently of one another represent alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or two non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are optionally replaced by -O- , -CH = CH-, -CO-, -OCO- or -COO-, one or more hydrogen atoms may be replaced by F,
Z ^x and Z ^y each independently represent -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -CH═CH-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -OCH ₂ -, -CO- O-, -O-CO-, -C ₂ F ₄ -, -CF = CF-, -CH = CH-CH ₂ O- or a single bond,
L ¹ to L ⁴ each independently represent F, Cl, OCF ₃ , CF ₃ , CH ₃ , CH ₂ F or CHF ₂ . 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
Wherein the LC medium or host mixture therein further comprises one or more compounds of the formula:

In this formula,
W represents O or S,
R ¹ and R ² independently of one another are alkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl or alkoxyalkyl having 1 to 9 carbon atoms or alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 2 to 9 carbon atoms, Disagree,
L ¹ and L ² represent F or Cl. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The LC medium or host mixture therein further comprises one or more compounds of the formula LY:

In this formula,

The

Lt; / RTI >

At least one of

However,
R ¹ and R ² each independently of one another represent alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and wherein one or two non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are also optionally replaced by - O-, -CH = CH-, -CO-, -OCO- or -COO-,
Z ^x is -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -CH═CH-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -OCH ₂ -, -CO-O-, _{-C 2 F 4 -, -CF =} CF-, -CH = CH-CH 2 O- or a single bond,
L ¹ and L ² each independently represent F, Cl, OCF ₃ , CF ₃ , CH ₃ , CH ₂ F or CHF ₂ ,
f is 1 or 2; 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
Wherein the LC medium or the host mixture therein further comprises one or more compounds of the formula DK:

In this formula,
R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each, independently of one another, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, in which also 1 or 2 non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are optionally replaced by -O- , -CH = CH-, -CO-, -OCO- or -COO-), preferably alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms,

The

Lt; / RTI >

The

Lt; / RTI >
e represents 1 or 2; 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
Wherein the LC medium or the host mixture therein further comprises at least one compound selected from the group of compounds of the formulas ZK1 and ZK2 at a total concentration ranging from greater than 0 wt% to 5 wt%

In this formula,
Alkyl represents a straight-chain alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
Alkenyl and alkenyl ^* , independently of each other, represent straight-chain alkenyl radicals having 2 to 6 carbon atoms. 13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
Wherein the LC medium comprises one or more polymeric compounds of the formula R:

In this formula,
R ^a and R ^b are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of P, P-Sp-, -H, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CN, -NO ₂ , -NCO, -NCS, -SCN, -SF ₅ or straight or branched chain alkyl having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are each, independently of one another, O and / or S atoms connected directly in that ^{way, -C (R 0) = C} (R 00) -, -C≡C-, -N (R 00) -, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, or -O-CO-O-, wherein one or more H atoms may also be replaced by F, Cl, Br, I, CN, P or P-
When B ¹ and / or B ² contain saturated carbon atoms, R ^a and / or R ^b may also represent spiro-linked radicals on the saturated carbon atom,
At least one of the radicals R ^a and R ^b represents or contains a P or P-Sp- group,
P is a polymerizable group,
Sp represents a spacer group or a single bond,
B ¹ and B ² are aromatic, heteroaromatic, alicyclic or heterocyclic groups having 4 to 25 ring atoms, which may contain fused rings, and which are unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by L, ego,
Z ^b is -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO- O-, -OCO-, -O-CO-O-, -OCH 2 -, -CH 2 O-, -SCH 2-, - _{CH 2 S-, -CF 2 O-,} -OCF 2 -, -CF 2 S-, -SCF 2 -, - (CH 2) n1 -, -CF 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CF 2 -, - _{(CF 2) n1 -, -CH} = CH-, -CF = CF-, -C≡C-, -CH = CH-COO-, -OCO-CH = CH-, CR 0 R 00 or a single bond ,
R ⁰ and R ⁰⁰ are H or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms,
m is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4,
n1 is 1, 2, 3 or 4,
L is P, P-Sp-, OH, CH ₂ OH, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO ₂ , -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, (R ^x ) ₂ , -C (═O) Y ¹ , -C (═O) R ^x , -N (R ^x ) ₂ , optionally substituted silyl, optionally substituted aryl with 6 to 20 carbon atoms , Or straight or branched chain alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, wherein at least one H atom is F, Cl, P Or < RTI ID = 0.0 > P-Sp-,
Y < ¹ > is halogen,
R ^x is selected from the group consisting of P, P-Sp-, H, halogen, straight chain, branched chain or cyclic alkyl having from 1 to 25 carbon atoms wherein one or more non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are optionally replaced by O and / May be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, or -O-CO-O- in an unconnected manner, An atom may be replaced by F, Cl, P or P-Sp-), an optionally substituted aryl or aryloxy group having from 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted Heteroaryl or heteroaryloxy group. 14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein said at least one polymerizable compound of formula R is selected from the group of compounds of formula Ml to M31:

In the above formula, the individual radicals, in each case identically or differently, and each independently of one another, have the following meanings:
P ¹ , P ² and P ³ are vinyloxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloroacrylate, oxetane or epoxy groups,
Sp ¹ , Sp ² and Sp ³ are single bonds or spacer groups, and at least ^{one of the} P ¹ -Sp ¹ -, P ¹ -Sp ² - and P ³ -Sp ³ - radicals may also represent R ^aa With the proviso that at least one of the P ¹ -Sp ¹ -, P ² -Sp ² and P ³ -Sp ³ - radicals present is not R ^aa ,
R ^aa is selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, CN or straight or branched chain alkyl having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, wherein the at least one non-adjacent CH ₂ groups are each, independently of one another, O and / the ^{non-connection, -C (R 0) = C} (R 00) -, -C≡C-, -N (R 0) -, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O -, -O-CO-, or -O-CO-O-, wherein one or more H atoms may also be replaced by F, Cl, CN or P ¹ -Sp ¹ - Alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy, preferably having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and optionally mono- or polyfluorinated, , Wherein said alkenyl and alkynyl radical have at least two carbon atoms, said branched radical has at least three carbon atoms,
R ⁰ and R ⁰⁰ are H or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms,
R ^y and R ^z are Is H, F, CH ₃ or CF _3,
X ¹ , X ² and X ³ represent -CO-O-, -O-CO- or a single bond,
Z ¹ is -O-, -CO-, -C (R ^y R ^z ) - or -CF ₂ CF ₂ -
Z ² and Z ³ are -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CH ₂ O-, -OCH ₂ -, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ - or - (CH ₂ ) _n - n is 2, 3 or 4,
L is F, Cl, CN, or straight or branched chain alkyl, optionally mono- or polyfluorinated, having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl Oxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy,
L ' and L " are H, F, or Cl,
r is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4,
s is 0, 1, 2 or 3,
t is 0, 1 or 2,
x is 0 or 1; 15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
Wherein the at least one polymerizable compound contained in the LC medium is polymerized between substrates of the display. 16. The method of claim 15,
Wherein the display device is a PSA type display. 17. The method according to claim 15 or 16,
Wherein the display device is a PS-VA, PS-IPS or PS-UB-FFS display. 12. An LC host mixture as defined in any one of claims 1 to 12. An LC host mixture according to claim 18 and a LC medium comprising at least one polymerizable compound as defined in claim 13 or 14. 18. A method of manufacturing an LC display according to any one of claims 1 to 17, comprising the steps of providing an LC medium according to claim 19 between substrates of the display and polymerizing the polymerizable compound Gt;

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