KR20190041869A - VOC reduction appartus using liquified fuel gas and vessel having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an oil vapor reduction apparatus using liquefied gas fuel and a vessel including the same and, more specifically, to an oil vapor reduction apparatus using liquefied gas fuel, which transfers a part of oil of a storage tank to a pump, lowers the temperature of the transferred oil with cold of liquefied gas fuel, and returns the cooled oil to the storage tank to reduce the generation of oil vapor, and a vessel including the same. According to the present invention, oil vapor generated while storing and transferring oil is decreased, thereby reducing a pollution source discharged to the air. Moreover, oil vapor including resources useful in an industrial site is reduced, thereby reducing a resource loss generated during operation of a vessel. Moreover, liquefied gas used as fuel is used for reducing the generation of oil vapor, thereby reducing costs additionally required for reducing oil vapor in a vessel using liquefied gas fuel, simplifying the operation, and minimizing the energy required for operating the apparatus. According to the present invention, the oil vapor reduction apparatus comprises an oil storage tank, an oil transfer pipe, a liquefied gas fuel supply pipe, a first heat exchanger, and an oil return pipe.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a VOC reduction apparatus using a liquefied gas fuel and a VOC reduction appartus using the same,

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for reducing vapor in a liquefied gas fuel and a ship including the same, and more particularly, to a method for reducing oil loss by reducing the temperature of oil by using cold heat of liquefied gas fuel, The present invention relates to an apparatus for reducing the generation of vapor using liquefied gas fuel, which is configured to reduce environmental pollutants discharged into the atmosphere, and a ship including the same.

Today, petroleum products are widely used as energy sources for industrial sites and as raw materials for various products. These petroleum products are extracted from crude oil. Oil such as crude oil, petroleum products, and bio oil is transported over long distances through vessels such as crude oil carriers and transported from the production site to the consumer site. And stored. For example, floating production storage and offloading units (FPSO), which produce crude oil at sea, Crude Carriers, which transport crude oil produced, and petroleum product carriers, A product storage unit, a product storage unit (FSU), and a storage tank installed on the ground.

In such crude oil storage tanks and petroleum product storage tanks, vapor (volatile organic compound, VOC: volatile organic compound) is continuously generated at room temperature. If such vapor is discharged to the atmosphere, it causes air pollution . In addition, there is a problem of resource loss as the vapor released into the atmosphere contains a large amount of oil components that can be usefully used in the industrial field.

Therefore, it is necessary to efficiently reduce the vapors generated continuously during storage and transportation of oil, thereby minimizing the loss of useful resources and the causes of environmental pollution.

Unlike onshore, ships have a limited space in the sea, so it is important to load equipment efficiently and store cargo. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the economic profit by increasing the cargo transportation efficiency by loading more cargo or fuel in the same volume storage tank.

On the other hand, demand for reduction of SOx, NOx, and CO2 generated during ship operation is increasing internationally. As oil prices rise, the use of liquefied gas such as LNG or LPG instead of existing oil, A ship that can be reduced is being developed. Ships using liquefied gas as a fuel store the fuel in a low-temperature liquid state in order to reduce the volume of the fuel tank. For example, LNG is liquefied and stored in a tank at about -163 DEG C, and LPG is liquefied at about -50 DEG C and stored in the tank. The liquefied gas is supplied to the gas-conditioner at room temperature in accordance with the temperature and pressure conditions of the fuel consumer before it is used as fuel. However, ships using liquefied gas as fuel require additional tanks for storing the liquefied gas fuel and separate devices for supplying the liquefied gas, which increases the cost of building the ship, which hinders commercialization of the liquefied gas as fuel for the ship .

Therefore, in order to commercialize a liquefied gas fuel vessel, it is necessary to use liquefied gas as fuel efficiently to reduce the cost of operating the vessel or to minimize the economic loss.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for efficiently using liquefied fuel of a ship to reduce the generation of oil vapor, And to provide a vessel that increases the economical efficiency of the use of liquefied fuel.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell comprising: a storage tank for storing oil; A pump for transferring the oil in the storage tank to the outside of the storage tank; A heat exchanger for cooling the oil transferred through the pump; A pipe for returning the oil cooled in the heat exchanger to the storage tank; A pipe for supplying the liquefied gas fuel to the heat exchanger; A pipe for supplying the liquefied gas vaporized or heated in the heat exchanger to the liquefied gas fuel consumption source is provided.

The oil vapor reduction device reduces the temperature of the oil returned to the storage tank, thereby reducing the generation of oil vapor. At the same time, the oil vapor can be maintained at a predetermined temperature or more to maintain the fluidity. The apparatus for reducing the occurrence of oil vapor can maintain a temperature higher than the pour point while making the temperature of the oil being returned as low as possible.

A sensing unit for measuring the temperature of oil returned from the heat exchanger to the storage tank and outputting the sensed temperature; And a sensing signal output from the sensing unit, and the flow rate of the pump can be controlled.

A sensing unit for measuring the temperature of oil returned from the heat exchanger to the storage tank and outputting the sensed temperature; A branch pipe branched from the oil transfer pipe at the front end of the heat exchanger and returned to the storage tank; A control valve installed in the branch pipe; And a control unit for receiving the sensing signal output from the sensing unit and controlling the control valve.

A sensing unit for measuring the temperature of oil returned from the heat exchanger to the storage tank and outputting the sensed temperature; A bypass line connecting the oil to bypass the heat exchanger; And a control valve installed in the bypass line for controlling the flow of oil through the heat exchanger and the bypass line; And a control unit for receiving the sensing signal output from the sensing unit and controlling the control valve.

A sensing unit for measuring the temperature of oil returned from the heat exchanger to the storage tank and outputting the sensed temperature; A bypass line connecting the liquefied gas fuel to bypass the heat exchanger; And a control valve installed in the bypass line for controlling the flow of oil through the heat exchanger and the bypass line; And a control unit for receiving the sensing signal output from the sensing unit and controlling the control valve.

The outlet of the pipe for returning the oil cooled in the heat exchanger to the storage tank may be connected to the upper portion of the storage tank. The outlet of the return line is preferably connected to a height between the upper 50% and 100% of the storage tank. Further, it is preferable to lower the temperature of the upper part of the oily product by orienting the outlet of the return pipe in the horizontal direction or the upward direction of the storage tank. A spray nozzle may be connected to the outlet of the return pipe.

Wherein the heat exchanger cools the oil by heat exchange with the refrigerant provided by the refrigerant circulation section using the liquefied gaseous fuel, the refrigerant circulation section including: a heat exchanger for performing heat exchange with the refrigerant; A second heat exchanger in which the refrigerant performs heat exchange with the liquefied gas fuel; A refrigerant circulation line circulating and supplying the refrigerant; And a circulation pump for providing a pumping force for circulation of the refrigerant through the refrigerant circulation line.

A pipe for returning a part or all of the liquefied gas passed through the heat exchanger to the liquefied gas fuel storage tank, and a control valve installed in the pipe for returning to the liquefied gas fuel storage tank.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell system including a vessel using liquefied gas as a fuel having a vapor generation reduction device for cooling the oil using the low temperature characteristic of the fuel and then returning the oil to the storage tank, / RTI > Here, the liquefied gas fuel may be LNG or LPG.

According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce pollutants emitted in the air by reducing the generation of vapors generated during storage and transportation of oil, and further, to reduce the occurrence of vapors including useful resources in the industrial field, . Also, as the temperature of the oil decreases, the density becomes higher and more oil can be stored in the same storage tank.

Further, according to the present invention, by using the liquefied gas used as the fuel for reducing the generation of vapor, it is possible to reduce the cost further required to reduce the generation of vapor in the vessel using the liquefied gas fuel, simplify the operation, Can minimize the energy required to achieve this.

1 is a view showing an apparatus for reducing the generation of vapor using liquefied gaseous fuel according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view showing an embodiment of an oil return pipe for returning the oil cooled in the first heat exchanger to the oil storage tank.
3 is a view showing an apparatus for reducing the generation of vapor using liquefied gaseous fuel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view showing an apparatus for reducing vapor generation using liquefied gaseous fuel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention is capable of various modifications and various embodiments, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. It should be understood, however, that the present invention is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments, but includes modes, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention. In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail since they would obscure the invention in unnecessary detail.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Hereinafter, embodiments of a vapor reduction device and a vessel including the same according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate like or corresponding components And redundant explanations thereof will be omitted.

The ship in the present invention includes a marine plant including a floating production storage and offloading unit (FPSO) or a floating storage unit (FSU) It can include all propulsion vessels with resistance capabilities such as product carriers.

The oil according to the present invention may include crude oil, petroleum products made from crude oil, and bio oil.

The oil storage tank 100 in the present invention includes both a cargo tank for storing and transporting oil used for cargo use and a fuel storage tank for use as fuel for the ship.

1 is a view showing an apparatus for reducing the generation of vapor using liquefied gaseous fuel according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the apparatus 100 for reducing oil vapor in the present embodiment includes an oil storage tank 100 installed in a hull (not shown), an oil transfer pump 111 for circulating oil, And a first heat exchanger (120) for cooling the oil by using the first heat exchanger (120).

The first heat exchanger 120 is supplied with cold liquefied gas fuel in a liquid state or a gaseous state through a liquefied gas fuel supply system (not shown) such as LNG or LPG, and the liquefied gas, which exchanges heat with oil, (Not shown) such as the GCU. The oil is sent to the first heat exchanger through the oil feed pump 111 and then through the oil feed pipe 111. The oil is cooled by being cooled by the cool liquefied gas fuel and then cooled through the oil return pipe 113, (110).

The first heat exchanger 120 means an apparatus capable of lowering the temperature of oil through heat exchange using the cool temperature of the liquefied gas fuel, and there is no limitation on the type and specification of the heat exchanger. In the heat exchanger, due to the temperature distribution, localized freezing of the oil or deterioration of the flow performance may occur. Therefore, a liquefied gas is passed through a tube or a coil so that a flow of oil can be formed The oil can pass through the contacted shell or tank.

The apparatus for reducing the generation of vapor 110 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a sensing unit for measuring the temperature of oil returned from the first heat exchanger 120 to the oil storage tank 110 and outputting the measured temperature as a sensing signal, And the control unit can control the temperature measured by the sensing unit to be higher than a predetermined temperature. Oil can be hardened or low in fluidity at lower temperatures. The temperature of the oil is controlled to be higher than the pour point of the oil so that the oil cooled in the first heat exchanger is returned, thereby avoiding the problem of poor fluidity.

The flow rate of the oil feed pump 111 can be controlled so that the temperature of the oil is controlled within a predetermined temperature range.

A branch pipe 114 branched from the oil transfer pipe 112 at the front end of the first heat exchanger 120 and returned to the oil storage tank 110 so that the temperature of the oil is controlled within a predetermined temperature range; A first control valve (115) installed in the branch pipe; And a first control unit 118 receiving the sensing signal output from the sensing unit and controlling the first control valve 115.

A first bypass line (116) connecting the oil to bypass the heat exchanger to allow the temperature of the oil to be controlled within a certain temperature range; A second control valve (117) installed in the first bypass line for controlling the flow of oil through the first heat exchanger (120) and the first bypass line (116); And a second control unit 119 receiving the sensing signal output from the sensing unit and controlling the second control valve 117.

A second bypass line 123 connecting the liquefied gas fuel to bypass the first heat exchanger 120 so that the temperature of the oil is controlled within a predetermined temperature range; A third control valve (124) installed in the second bypass line (123) and controlling the flow of oil through the first heat exchanger (120) and the second bypass line (123); And a third control unit 125 receiving the sensing signal output from the sensing unit and controlling the third control valve 124. [

2 is a view showing an embodiment of the oil return pipe 113 for returning the oil cooled in the first heat exchanger 120 to the oil storage tank 110. As shown in FIG. The outlet of the oil return pipe 113 may be connected to the upper portion of the oil storage tank 110. The outlet of the oil return pipe 113 is preferably connected to a height between 50% and 100% of the upper portion of the oil storage tank 110. In addition, it is desirable to lower the temperature of the upper portion of the oily product by directing the outlet of the oil return pipe 113 to the horizontal direction or upward of the storage tank. Alternatively, a spray nozzle may be connected to the outlet of the oil return pipe 113.

The generation of the vapor is actively generated in the region where the liquid and the gas are adjacent to each other. The generation of the vapor is influenced by the temperature, and the lower the temperature, the less the occurrence of the vapor. By lowering the temperature from the upper part of the liquid area or the gas area by lowering the temperature of the liquid, which is lower in temperature than the oil stored in the tank, through the return pipe to the storage tank, the temperature of the region adjacent to the liquid and the gas is efficiently lowered, Can be effectively reduced.

Oil varies in its pour point depending on its kind and origin. For example, when the temperature of the oil stored in the oil storage tank is 30 degrees and the pour point of the cargo measured by the ship is 5 degrees, it is possible to use the vapor generation reduction device 100 to set the temperature as low as possible It is possible to reduce the generation of vapor in the storage tank. In addition, as the temperature is lowered, the density of the oil becomes higher, so the volume occupied by the tank is reduced, so that more oil can be loaded.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a vapor generation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.

3, the apparatus 300 for reducing the generation of vapors according to the second embodiment of the present invention is similar to the apparatus 100 for reducing the generation of vapors according to the first embodiment, A first heat exchanger (120) for cooling the oil using liquefied gas fuel, wherein the first heat exchanger (120) comprises a liquefied gas The oil is cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant provided by the refrigerant circulation unit 310 using the liquefied gas fuel instead of direct heat exchange with the fuel.

The refrigerant circulation unit 310 includes a first heat exchanger 120 for exchanging heat with refrigerant, oil, a second heat exchanger 311 for exchanging heat with the liquefied gas fuel, a refrigerant circulation line 312 for circulating refrigerant, And a refrigerant circulation pump 313 for providing a pumping force for circulation of the refrigerant through the refrigerant circulation line 312. The flow rate and the temperature of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation unit 310 may be appropriately designed so that the oil is not frozen in the first heat exchanger 120 or the fluidity is not deteriorated. The refrigerant may be a glycol such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or pitacol, and may be fresh water or seawater.

The heat medium circulation unit used in the liquefied gas fuel supply system to the refrigerant circulation unit 310 may be used as the refrigerant circulation unit. Liquefied gas used as a fuel is stored in a fuel tank in a low-temperature liquefied state in order to reduce the volume during storage. In order to be used as fuel, it is used by being vaporized and heated according to requirements of a fuel consuming place such as an engine or a generator. Such vaporization and heating is performed by a heating medium such as glycol, seawater or fresh water in a heat exchanger, and the heating medium cooled through heat exchange is heated by a heat source such as steam and circulated by a pump or the like. Therefore, when the heat medium of the liquefied gas fuel supply system is cooled by heat exchange with the liquefied gas and then heat-exchanged to reduce the occurrence of the heat before being heated by the heat source such as the steam, the refrigerant circulation unit 310 In addition, there is an advantage that the heat source such as steam can be eliminated or the capacity thereof can be reduced.

The refrigerant needs to have a freezing point or a lower pour point than the oil, thereby avoiding the problem of locally freezing or deteriorating the fluidity in the second heat exchanger 311 performing heat exchange with the liquefied gas fuel, and the first heat exchanger 120 or the second heat exchanger 311 due to breakage or the like can be reduced due to contamination of the oil or thermal shock of piping and equipment. Likewise, the oil can be frozen after it leaks into the liquefied gas fueling system to reduce the damage from plugging the piping or damaging the equipment.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a vapor generating device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, the apparatus for reducing the generation of vapors 400 according to the third embodiment of the present invention is similar to the apparatus 100 for reducing the occurrence of vapors according to the first embodiment, A storage tank 100, an oil feed pump 111 for circulating oil, a first heat exchanger 120 and a second heat exchanger 311 for cooling the oil by using liquefied gas fuel, A liquefied gas fuel return pipe 420 for returning part or all of the liquefied gas passed through the heat exchanger 311 to the liquefied gas storage tank 430, 410).

The supply amount of the liquefied gas fuel is determined by the demand amount of the liquefied gas fuel consuming destination and when the demand of the liquefied gas fuel consuming destination is small, the amount of the liquefied gas passing through the heat exchanger is small and the temperature of the oil to be returned may not be sufficiently lowered. In this operating condition, a part or all of the liquefied gas is circulated through the liquefied gas storage tank 430 through the liquefied gas fuel return pipe 420, thereby increasing the amount of liquefied gas fuel passing through the heat exchanger and lowering the temperature of the oil have. The regulating valve 410 installed in the liquefied gas fuel return pipe 420 can be adjusted to regulate the amount of liquefied gas fuel passing through the heat exchanger.

The vessel using the liquefied gas according to the present invention may have the vapor generation reduction apparatuses 100 and 300 according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention as described in detail above, LNG or LPG.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. will be.

100: Vapor generation reduction device (First embodiment)
110: Oil storage tank 111: Oil transfer pump
112: Oil transfer pipe 113: Oil return pipe
114: branch piping 115: first control valve
117: second control valve 116: first bypass line
118, 119: first and second control units 120: first heat exchanger
121: liquefied gas fuel supply pipe 122: liquefied gas fuel consuming place
123: second bypass line 124: third control valve
125: third control unit 300: vapor generating device (second embodiment)
310: Refrigerant circulation unit 311: Second heat exchanger
312: Refrigerant circulation line 313: Refrigerant circulation pump
400: Vaporization reduction device (third embodiment) 410: Regulating valve
420: Liquefied gas fuel return pipe 430: Liquefied gas storage tank

Claims (14)

An oil storage tank (110) for storing oil;
An oil transfer pump 111 for transferring oil from the oil storage tank 110 to the outside of the tank;
A liquefied gas fuel supply pipe 121 for supplying liquefied gas as fuel;
A liquefied gas fuel consuming unit 122 using liquefied gas as fuel;
A first heat exchanger (120) connected to the liquefied gas fuel supply pipe (121) for supplying liquefied gas as fuel and cooling the oil by using the low temperature characteristic of the fuel;
An oil transfer pipe (112) for transferring oil from the oil transfer pump (111) to the first heat exchanger (120);
An oil return pipe (113) for returning the oil cooled in the first heat exchanger (120) to the oil storage tank (110); And
And a pipe for supplying the vaporized or heated liquefied gas from the first heat exchanger (120) to the fuel consuming place. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the oil returned to the oil storage tank (110) through the first heat exchanger (120) is maintained at a temperature equal to or higher than a pour point of the fluid. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a sensing unit for measuring the temperature of the oil outlet of the first heat exchanger (120) and outputting the measured temperature as a sensing signal,
And the control unit controls the flow rate of the oil transfer pump (111) by receiving the sensing signal output from the sensing unit. The method according to claim 1,
A sensing unit for measuring the temperature of the oil outlet of the first heat exchanger 120 and outputting the sensed temperature;
A branch pipe (114) branched from the oil transfer pipe (112) at the front end of the first heat exchanger (120) and returned to the oil storage tank (110);
A first control valve (115) installed in the branch pipe (114);
Further comprising a first control unit (118) for receiving the sensing signal output from the sensing unit and controlling the first control valve (115). The method according to claim 1,
A sensing unit for measuring the temperature of the oil outlet of the first heat exchanger 120 and outputting the sensed temperature;
A first bypass line (116) connected to bypass the oil to the first heat exchanger (120);
A second control valve 117 installed in the first bypass line 116;
Further comprising a second control unit (119) for receiving the sensing signal output from the sensing unit and controlling the second control valve (117). The method according to claim 1,
A sensing unit for measuring the temperature of the oil outlet of the first heat exchanger 120 and outputting the sensed temperature;
A second bypass line (123) connected to bypass the liquefied gas fuel to the first heat exchanger (120);
A third control valve (124) provided in the second bypass line (123);
Further comprising a third control unit (125) for receiving the sensing signal output from the sensing unit and controlling the third control valve (124). The method according to claim 1,
Wherein an outlet of the oil return pipe (113) for returning the oil cooled in the first heat exchanger (120) to the oil storage tank (110) is connected to an upper portion of the oil storage tank (110) A device for reducing the generation of vapor using fuel. 8. The method of claim 7,
The outlet of the oil return pipe 113 for returning the oil cooled in the first heat exchanger 120 to the oil storage tank 110 is installed at a position between 50% and 100% of the height of the oil storage tank 110 And the fuel gas is supplied to the fuel tank. 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the oil return pipe (113) for returning the oil cooled in the first heat exchanger (120) to the oil storage tank (110) is installed so as to be oriented horizontally or upwardly. A device for reducing vapor generation. 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the oil return pipe (113) for returning the oil cooled in the first heat exchanger (120) to the oil storage tank (110) is provided with a spray nozzle. The method according to claim 1,
The first heat exchanger 120 cools the oil by heat exchange with the refrigerant provided by the refrigerant circulation unit 310 using the liquefied gas fuel,
The refrigerant circulation unit 310,
A second heat exchanger (311) connected to the liquefied gas fuel supply pipe (121) for supplying liquefied gas as fuel and cooling the refrigerant using the low temperature characteristic of the fuel;
A refrigerant circulation line (312) installed to circulate refrigerant to the first heat exchanger (120) and the second heat exchanger (311); And
And a refrigerant circulation pump (313) for providing a pumping force for circulating the refrigerant through the refrigerant circulation line (312). 12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein the refrigerant circulation unit (310) uses the heat medium circulation unit of the liquefied gas fuel supply system. 12. The method of claim 11,
A liquefied gas fuel return pipe 420 for returning part or all of the liquefied gas passed through the second heat exchanger 311 to the liquefied gas storage tank 430; And
And a control valve (410) installed in a pipe for returning to the liquefied gas storage tank (430). 13. A watercraft comprising a vapor generation reduction device using the liquefied gas fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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