KR20190020669A - Connector systems of ground bond abrasion member assemblies - Google Patents

Abstract

The fastener includes an elongated shaft having a head at its end, the head including a lock projection extending radially outwardly from the shaft. The head includes a coupling cavity. The fastener further comprises a cap having a mating projection for insertion into the mating cavity of the cap such that rotation of the cap causes corresponding rotation of the head, the cap further comprising a contact portion having a plurality of radially outwardly flat surfaces. The fastener further comprises a rotational resistance element having inwardly planar surfaces that fit with the radially outwardly flat surfaces of the contact portion, wherein the rotational resistance element further comprises a radially outwardly extending interference feature, Allows rotation of the cap to the resistive element but is resilient to resist its rotation.

Description

Connector systems of ground bond abrasion member assemblies

[0001] This disclosure relates generally to ground engaging wear member assemblies that include connectors for securing excavation wear members in place for use. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a method of using a biasing element to resist turning between a locked position and an unlocked position to selectively secure the wear members to other wear members Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > fasteners. ≪ / RTI >

Material displacement devices such as excavating buckets found in construction, mining and other earth moving equipment often include replaceable wear parts such as ground engaging teeth. They are often removably attached to larger primary structures such as excavation buckets, and are abraded or abraded with the soil or other material being displaced. For example, excavating tooth assemblies provided on an excavating equipment such as excavation buckets or the like typically have a relatively heavy adapter portion that is suitably secured to the front bucket lip, . The adapter portion typically includes a forwardly projecting nose. The replaceable tooth point typically includes a rear-facing cavity that releasably receives the adapter nose. To retain the tooth point on the adapter nose, generally aligned lateral openings can be formed on both the tooth point and the adapter nose, and a suitable connector structure, such as a pin, is driven into the aligned opening Releasably retaining a replaceable tooth point within the associated adapter nose forcibly retained therein.

[0003] During normal operations, the toothed portion undergoes loads in a number of directions. If the toothed portion is not positioned on the nose in a stable manner, the loads experienced by the toothed portion may cause additional wear on the adapter. Thus, there is a need for an improved wear member assembly that selectively attaches the wear members to one another or to the bucket lip.

[0004] According to some examples, a ground bond wear member assembly may include an adapter including a longitudinally projecting nose portion with a lateral cavity formed through the nose portion. The ground bond wear member assembly may further comprise a wear member having a rear portion having a cavity for receiving a nose portion of the adapter. The wear member may have an outer surface for engaging the ground and an inner surface defining the cavity. The wear member may include an aperture extending through the sidewall surface from the outer surface to the inner surface. When the nose portion is disposed in the cavity, the apertures can be aligned with the transverse cavity of the adapter. The ground engaging wear member assembly may further include a fastener accommodated in the cavity and in the transverse cavity to prevent removal of the wear member from the adapter. The fastener may include a body including a shaft having a shaft and a lock fin. The fastener may also include a ring having a polygonal inner surface, and a rotational resistance element, which may include an interference feature extending from the outer surface of the ring. The fastener may also include a cap that may include a contact portion having radially outwardly facing surfaces corresponding to the polygonal inner surface. The cap may be arranged to engage the head of the body to limit axial translational movement of the rotational resistance element. The rotational resistance element may be resilient to resist rotation of the body and cap relative to the rotational resistance element between a plurality of distinct rotational positions.

[0005] According to some examples, the fastener may include an elongated shaft having a head at its end. The head may include a lock projection extending radially outward from the shaft. The head may include a coupling cavity. The fastener may further include a cap having a coupling protrusion for insertion into the coupling cavity of the cap to cause rotation of the cap to cause a corresponding rotation of the head. The cap may further comprise a contact portion having a plurality of radially outwardly flat surfaces. The fastener may further include a rotational resistance element having inward planar surfaces that fit with the radially outwardly flat surfaces of the contact portion. The rotational resistance element may further include an interference feature extending radially outwardly. The rotational resistance element may be resilient to resist rotation of the cap while allowing rotation of the cap relative to the rotational resistance element.

[0006] According to one example, a method includes inserting a shaft of a locking mechanism through aligned apertures of a wear member and an adapter, the wear member being arranged to engage the ground, To the bucket lip, and the shaft includes a lock projection extending radially outwardly. The method further comprises coupling the cap to the head of the shaft such that rotation of the cap causes a corresponding rotation of the shaft, wherein the cap is coupled through an internal portion of the rotational resistance element, Wherein the rolling resistance element further comprises an interference feature extending radially outwardly. The method also includes rotating the lock projection of the cap and thereby the shaft between a locking position in which the lock projection is positioned to prevent removal of the locking mechanism and a lock release position in which the lock projection allows removal of the locking mechanism . The rotation between the locking position and the unlocking position is resisted by the rotational resistance element.

[0007] According to some examples, a wear member assembly for an earth mover may include a support structure having an aperture formed therein and a wear member removably attachable to the support structure. The wear member may have an aperture formed therein and the aperture of the wear member is sized differently from the aperture of the support structure. The apertures of the support structure may be alignable with the apertures of the wear member. The wear member may also have an inclined surface that faces the cavity in the wear member. The wear member assembly may also include a rotatable fastener that is receivable into the aperture of the support structure and into the aperture of the wear member in a manner that prevents removal of the wear member from the support structure. The fastener may include a body portion and a fixed radially extending locking projection extending only partially around the periphery of the body portion. The fastener is axially receivable into the aperture of the wear member and can be rotatable from the unlocked condition in which the lock projection is aligned with the aperture of the wear member to a locked condition in which the lock projection is misaligned with the aperture of the wear member. The body portion of the rotatable fastener includes a distal end formed at an oblique angle and the beveled surface of the wear member cooperates with the distal end of the fastener to axially displace the fastener during rotation from the locked state to the unlocked state. .

[0008] According to some examples, a rotatable fastener is receivable within the bore of both the support structure and the wear member in a manner that prevents removal of the wear member from the support structure. The fastener may include a main body having a body portion sized to be introduced axially into the bore of the support structure, the body portion having a distal end and a proximal end and having a longitudinal axis, The body portion has an inclined end surface that is inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis within a range of about 20 to 70 degrees and the end surface is in contact with the support structure and the wear member within one of the support structure and the wear member And is arranged to engage the inclined lower surface of the bore. The body may also include fixed radially extending locking projections spirally disposed on the body portion and extending only partially around the periphery of the body portion. The fastener may also include a locking detent protruding from the side of the body at a location axially disposed between the proximal end and the lock projection, the locking detent being configured to move from a compressed state to an uncompressed state It is compressible.

[0009] According to some examples, a rotatable fastener is receivable within the bore of both the support structure and the wear member in a manner that prevents removal of the wear member from the support structure. The fastener may include a body having a body portion sized to be axially introduced into the bore of the support structure. The body portion may have a distal end with a distal end and a proximal end. The body portion may have a substantially circular body from the distal end to the proximal end. The body portion may have a first side that is substantially cylindrical and a second side that is opposite the tapered side. The body portion may be substantially circular in cross-section at the distal end. The body may also include fixed radially extending locking projections spirally disposed on the body portion and extending only partially around the periphery of the body portion. The fastener may also include a locking detent which projects from the side of the body at a position axially disposed between the proximal end and the lock projection. The locking detent may be compressible relative to the body portion from a compressed state to an uncompressed state.

[0010] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following drawings and detailed description are exemplary and explanatory in nature and are intended to provide an understanding of the disclosure without limiting the scope of the disclosure. In that regard, additional aspects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0011] The accompanying drawings illustrate implementations of the systems, devices and methods disclosed herein and serve to explain the principles of the disclosure, along with the description.
[0012] FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a wear member assembly in accordance with one example of principles described herein.
[0013] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a fastener for a wear member assembly in accordance with one example of principles described herein.
[0014] FIG. 3 is a side view of a fastener in accordance with one example of principles described herein.
[0015] FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a fastening pin in accordance with one example of principles described herein.
[0016] FIG. 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an assembled wear member assembly in accordance with one example of principles described herein.
[0017] FIG. 6 illustrates a perspective view of a wear member in accordance with one example of principles described herein.
[0018] FIG. 7 illustrates a hole in a wear member in accordance with one example of the principles described herein.
[0019] FIG. 8 illustrates a more detailed aperture at the medial side of the wear member in accordance with one example of principles described herein.
[0020] FIG. 9A illustrates a fastener in a first step of securing a wear member to a support structure by a fastener, according to one example of principles described herein.
[0021] FIG. 9b illustrates a fastener in a second step of securing a wear member to a support structure by a fastener, according to one example of principles described herein.
[0022] FIG. 9C illustrates a fastener in a final step of securing a wear member to a support structure by a fastener, according to one example of principles described herein.
[0023] FIG. 10 is a view of a ground bond wear member assembly in accordance with an example including the principles described herein.
[0024] FIG. 11 illustrates an exploded view of a pin having a rotational resistance element according to an example including the principles described herein.
[0025] FIG. 12 illustrates a perspective view of a pin having a rotational resistance element according to an example including the principles described herein.
[0026] FIG. 13 illustrates a rotational resistance element according to an example comprising the principles described herein.
[0027] Figure 14 is a view along the axis of a pin disposed in a tooth according to an example including the principles described herein.
[0028] FIG. 15 illustrates a rotational resistance element having external protrusions according to an example including the principles described herein.
[0029] FIG. 16 is a view along the axis of a pin disposed in a tooth according to an example including the principles described herein.
[0030] Figures 17a, 17b, and 17c are diagrams illustrating a cross section of a fastener along a rotational resistance element at different rotational positions, in accordance with an example that includes the principles described herein.
[0031] Figures 18A and 18B illustrate various cross-sectional views of the pin in the unlocked position, according to an example including the principles described herein.
[0032] FIG. 18C is a diagram illustrating an internal view of a cavity of a wear member in accordance with an example including the principles described herein.
[0033] Figures 19a, 19b, and 19c illustrate various cross-sectional views of a pin in a locking position, in accordance with an example including the principles described herein.
[0034] FIG. 20 is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary method for inserting a fastener in accordance with an example including the principles described herein.
[0035] Figure 21 is a diagram illustrating a perspective view of a pin having a rotational resistance element having an inner ring and an outer ring, in accordance with one example of principles described herein.
[0036] Figure 22 is a diagram of an outer ring in accordance with one example of the principles described herein.
[0037] Figure 23 is a diagram of an inner ring according to an example of the principles described herein.
[0038] Figures 24A, 24B, and 24C are diagrams illustrating rotation of the pin relative to the rotational resistance element of Figure 21, in accordance with one example of principles described herein.
[0039] These drawings will be better understood by reference to the following detailed description.

[0040] To enhance an understanding of the principles of the disclosure, the embodiments shown in the drawings will now be referred to, and certain terms will be used to describe them. Nevertheless, it will be understood that no limitation of the scope of the present disclosure is intended. It is contemplated that any modifications and further modifications to the described devices, systems, methods, and any additional applications of the principles of this disclosure will occur to those ordinarily skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Furthermore, the present disclosure describes in detail certain elements or features in connection with one or more embodiments or drawings and, where such identical elements or features appear in the following Figures, I will explain it in detail. Features, elements, and / or steps described in connection with one or more embodiments or drawings may be combined with features, elements, and / or components described in connection with other implementations or drawings of the present disclosure, Or < / RTI > steps. For simplicity, in some instances, the same or similar reference numerals are used to refer to the same or similar parts throughout the figures.

[0041] The present invention is directed to a ground bond wear member assembly comprising a support structure, such as a wear member adapter, which can be secured to a bucket lip, and other wear members such as teeth. The assembly further includes a fastener for holding the toothed portion on the adapter. A fastener such as a pin rotates between an unlocking position where the pin can be removed from the position in the tooth and a locking position where the pin is prevented from being removed from the position in the tooth. This disclosure describes a pin configuration that provides resistance when rotating a pin between a locking position and an unlocking position. This resistance provides the operator with tactile feedback.

[0042] FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a wear member assembly 100. According to this example, wear member assembly 100 includes a support structure 102, a wear member 104, such as a drill bit, and a fastener 106. In this embodiment, the support structure 102 is a base adapter, typically having a tapered front nose portion 108 having a leading end 119. Alternatively, the support structure may be an intermediate adapter or other type of support structure. A connector opening 110 sized to receive the fastener 106 extends horizontally through the nose portion 108 between the vertical sides of the opposite side.

[0043] The wear member 104 is a replaceable drilling tooth, but may be an intermediate adapter or other type of replaceable wear member. A tapered pocket area 112 extends forward through the rearward end 114 of the wear member 104 and allows the wear member 104 to move away from the nose portion < RTI ID = 0.0 > 108 and the nose portion 108. The nose portion 108 is configured to receive the nose portion 108 complementarily. The connector pin openings 116 extend into the pocket region 112 through opposing outer walls 118 of the wear member 104 when the wear member 104 is operatively disposed on the nose portion 108. [ (Only one of which can be seen in Figure 1) is aligned with the nose connector opening 110. [ The wear member 104 is connected to internal recesses and / or fasteners 106 such as a lock shoulder and the fastener 106 is secured in place And other features that secure the wear member 104 to the support structure 102 thereby.

[0044] Referring now to FIGS. 2-4, the fastener 106 includes a body 126 and a locking detent 128. The body 126 is formed as an elongated cylindrical connector pin of solid metal having a fixed axial length extending along the central longitudinal axis 130. In this exemplary embodiment, the body 126 is formed of a single monolithic material. However, in other embodiments, different portions of the body 126 may be formed of separate materials coupled together or otherwise connected together in a different manner. In some embodiments, different portions of the body 126 may be welded together to form a monolithic structure without moving parts. The body 126 includes a longitudinally extending body portion 132, a radially extending lock projection 134, and a tool engagement feature 136.

[0045] The body portion 132 has a substantially circular cross-section along its length and includes a distal end 142 and a proximal end 144. In this embodiment, the distal end 142 is substantially cylindrical and has a perimeter circumference with substantially the same radius. The body portion 132 includes a cylindrical portion 146 that extends between the distal end 142 and the proximal end 144. In this example, the cylindrical portion 146 extends along the side with the lock protrusion 134. The body portion 132 also includes a slightly tapered portion 148 extending between the distal end 142 and the proximal end 144. The slightly tapered portion 148 may be disposed on the opposite side from the cylindrical portion 146. In some instances, the tapered portion 148 is on the opposite side of the lock projection 134. However, in some instances, the tapered portion 148 may not be on the opposite side of the lock projection 134.

[0046] Each of the cylindrical portion 146 and the tapered portion 148 has special purposes. One purpose of the cylindrical portion 146 is to provide the same load distribution for the support structure 102 when the fastener 106 is disposed in the connector opening 110 (FIG. 1) of the support structure 102. This can be seen in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 5 showing a cross-sectional view of the assembled wear member assembly 100. Figure 5 illustrates the cylindrical portion 146 of the fastener 106 facing and abutting against the inner wall 160 of the connector opening 110 of the support structure 102. The cylindrical portion 146 connects with the inner wall 160 configured to conform to the cylindrical portion 146 of the fastener 106 and because it engages the inner wall (and is positioned to face the leading end 119 of the support structure) , The applied loads will be evenly distributed along the load interface 162 corresponding to the interface of the cylindrical portion 146 and the inner wall 160. This may prolong the useful life of the support structure 102 by reducing the chance of deformation that may occur over time by non-uniformly distributed loads. The tapered portion 148 also has a purpose. Still referring to FIG. 5, the tapered portion 148 is shown as having an increasing separation from the back portion 164 of the inner wall 160. In this embodiment, there is a gap in this embodiment due to the tapered portion 148 extending from the distal end 142 to the proximal end 144 of the body portion 132. The tapered portion 148 causes the one side of the body portion 132 to be conical. As can be appreciated from the above description, the cylindrical portion 146 forms the opposite side of the body portion 132. [ The tapered portion 148 provides additional clearance toward the distal end 142 for relatively easy insertion and removal of the fastener 106 relative to the connector opening 110. [ Debris such as dust or mud enters into any gaps or crevices between components, e.g., between the fastener 106 and the inner wall 160 of the connector opening 110 can do. This debris can make it more difficult to remove the fastener 106 from the connector opening 110. The tapered portion 148 reduces friction when the fastener 106 is removed from the connector opening 110. In some embodiments, the tapered portion 148 is formed at an angle ranging from 1 to 5 degrees with respect to the longitudinal axis 130. Other angles greater than or less than are also considered. Some fastener implementations are cylindrical over the entire length of the body portion 132. Other embodiments are conical along the entire length of the body portion 132. Other implementations are also contemplated.

The distal end 142 of the body portion 132 may include an end surface 170 formed at an oblique angle 171 with respect to the longitudinal axis 130. In some embodiments, the end surface 170 is tilted at an angle 171 selected to be within a range of about 20 to 70 degrees with respect to the longitudinal axis 130. Some embodiments have an angular range of about 35 to 55 degrees. Some end surface implementations are tilted at about 45 degrees. This inclined end surface forms a release mechanism or push-out feature that helps to remove the fastener 106 from the support structure 102 and the wear member 104, as further described below. To cooperate with the wear member 104 in order to achieve the desired wear resistance.

[0048] The radially extending locking projections 134 are disposed toward the proximal end 144 of the body 126, in the illustrated embodiment. Lock protrusion 134 extends radially from body portion 132. In some embodiments, the lock projection 134 substantially extends from one side of the body 126.

[0049] In the illustrated embodiment, the lock protrusion 134 has a relatively large lateral width W (FIG. 2) and a relatively small axial length L (FIG. 1). Other embodiments have lock protrusions 134 sized differently. Some of the lock projections are substantially fan-shaped. Other lock protrusions have alternative shapes. Locking projection 134 has a distal facing surface 172, a proximal facing surface 174, a leading edge 176 and a trailing edge 178. The distal facing surface 174, In some embodiments, at least one of the distal facing surface 172 and the proximal facing surface 174 extends along a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 130. In other embodiments, at least one of the distal facing surface 172 and the proximal facing surface 174 extends at an oblique angle relative to a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 130. In such embodiments, one or both of the distal and proximal facing surfaces 172, 174 of the lock protrusion 134 may be helically formed around a portion of the longitudinal axis 130. In some embodiments, the distal facing surface 172 is formed within a single plane that is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 130, and the proximal facing surface 174 is defined by an obliquely sloping planar or flat surface 174 adjacent the leading edge 176, And a flattened portion 179 parallel to the distal facing surface 172 adjacent the trailing edge 178. The tapered portion 177 defines a tapered portion 178 that defines a distal facing surface 178, In some embodiments, the third flat portion 181 forms a taper that extends from the flat portion 179 to the trailing edge 178. The flattened portion 181 may be configured to dislodge and remove debris as the fastener 106 is rotated to remove it from the wear member 104 and the support structure 102.

[0050] The leading edge 176 and trailing edge 178 may extend substantially in the same direction from the body portion 132. For example, they may be relatively parallel to each other. In some instances, they may deviate from each other by less than 10 degrees. Thus, the lock projection may be relatively rectangular. In some embodiments, leading edge 176 and trailing edge 178 are inclined relative to each other and may form an angle within the range of 0 to 60 degrees. Therefore, the lock projection may be in a fan shape. Other angles and shapes are also contemplated. In some embodiments, the maximum distance between the leading edge 176 and the trailing edge 178 may be equal to or less than the diameter of the body portion 132. The maximum distance between leading edge 176 and trailing edge 178 may be greater than the radius of body portion 132 but less than the diameter of body portion 132. In some embodiments, In some embodiments, the maximum distance between leading edge 176 and trailing edge 178 may be greater than the diameter of the body portion. In some embodiments, the axial length L or thickness of the locking protrusion 134 at the leading edge 176 is greater than the axial length L or thickness of the locking protrusion 134 at the trailing edge 178 small. In some embodiments, the lock projection may have a radial height that is greater than the radius of the body portion. In some embodiments, the axial length L or thickness of the locking protrusion 134 at the leading edge 176 is greater than the axial length L or thickness of the locking protrusion 134 at the trailing edge 178 Big. In some instances, both the distal facing surface 172 and the proximal facing surface 174 of the lock projection 134 may be substantially parallel to each other. In other words, there may be no tapering of the distal facing surface 172.

The tool engagement feature 136 is disposed at the distal end 142 of the body portion 132 and is configured to interface with a tool that a user may use to move the fastener 106 from the unlocked state to the locked state. And arranged. In the exemplary embodiment depicted herein, the tool engagement feature 136 is formed as a hexagonal head that protrudes from the end of the body portion 132. Other tooling feature embodiments may include indentations or depressions formed into the ends of the body portion 132. The protrusions or indentations may be hexagonal as shown, or alternatively may be shaped in a square, star shape, or other shape that may enable coupling to a tool.

[0052] In this embodiment, the body portion 132 includes a groove 180 sized and arranged to receive the locking pawl 128. The groove 180 may be disposed at the proximal end 144 between the lock projection 134 and the tool engagement feature 136. Here, the grooves 180 are formed radially in a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 130. In some embodiments, the groove 180 extends only around a portion of the periphery of the body portion 132. In other embodiments, the grooves 180 extend completely around the periphery of the body portion 132. As can be seen in Figure 4, the grooves 180 are formed in the body portion 132 to minimize any chance that the locking pawl 128 will slip down around the periphery of the body portion 132 Extends only around a portion of the periphery. Other spring designs including elastomeric or polymer systems are also contemplated.

[0053] The locking pawl 128 may be supported on the body portion 132 and supported by the body portion 132. The locking pawl 128 may protrude radially outward from the body portion 132 and help maintain the fastener 106 in a locked and / or unlocked state as desired by the user. In the illustrated embodiment, locking pawl 128 includes a C-shaped snap ring that fits within groove 180 and body portion 132. Here, the C-shaped locking pawl 128 includes a protruding portion 182 formed of a flexible protrusion and a spring portion 184 formed of the legs of the C-shaped snap ring. In this embodiment, the legs fit within the groove 180 such that they are coplanar with or below the outer surface of the body portion 132. The protruding portion 182 protrudes radially outward beyond the outer surface of the body portion 132. When the fastener 106 is rotated between the unlocked and locked states, the protruding portion 182 can be compressed radially and elastically. When the fastener 106 reaches the unlocked and / or locked states, the protruding portion 182 can be allowed to elastically return radially to its original state. This can provide the user with a tactile feel indicating that the fastener 106 is fully in the locked or unlocked state and can help prevent inadvertent rotation of the fastener from the locked state to the unlocked state. This will become more apparent from the discussion below.

[0054] Although the disclosed embodiment utilizes snap ring style locking detents, other locking detents are also contemplated. For example, some detents have a shape other than C-shaped. Some extend completely around the body portion 132. Additional embodiments utilize an elastomeric protrusion that extends from the exterior surface of the body portion 132. When moved between the unlocked and locked states, the elastomeric protrusions can expand after compression when properly positioned in the locked or unlocked condition. The elastomeric locking detents will reduce the likelihood of inadvertent rotation from the locked state to the unlocked state during use. Other locking detents include spring-loaded detents. Other things are also considered.

[0055] FIG. 6 shows the wear member 104 in more detail, including a tapered pocket region 112 extending through the rear end 114. Referring to both FIGS. 5 and 6, the wear member 104 includes connector pin openings 116 on opposite sides of the wear member. In the illustrated embodiment, both connector pin openings 116 extend into the pocket region 112 from the outer surface of the outer walls 118. In some alternative embodiments, only one connector pin opening 116 extends into the pocket region 112 from the exterior surface. In such an embodiment, opposing connector pin openings 116 may be formed only on the interior surface of the pocket region 112. 5, the connector pin openings 116 are aligned such that the fasteners 106 are extended to engage with the connector pin openings 116 on opposite sides of the wear member 104. As shown in FIG.

[0056] In this embodiment, the connector pin openings 116 include a release opening 202 and a locking opening 204. The release opening 202 is formed as a counterbore passage extending from the inner wall 203 of the wear member 104 to the outer wall 118. According to this, the release opening 202 includes a larger diameter portion 206 and a smaller diameter portion 208. The larger diameter portion 206 is sized to receive the distal end 142 of the fastener 106. The lower surface 210 of the larger diameter portion 206 has a larger diameter portion 206 that may also be parallel to the longitudinal axis 130 of the fastener 106 when the fastener 106 is disposed within the pin apertures 116 In the direction of the axis of rotation. In the illustrated embodiment, the lower surface 210 is inclined to lie substantially parallel to the end surface 170 of the fastener 106 when the fastener is in the locked state in the manner shown in FIG. The purpose of the ramped surface cooperating with the end surface 170 (of the extrusion feature) to release the fastener during rotation will be further described below. The inclined surface is also inclined relative to the transverse axis passing through both connector pin holes 116. This transverse axis may be coaxial with the axis 130 shown in FIG.

[0057] A smaller diameter portion 208 extends from the lower surface 210 to the outer wall 118 of the wear member 104. The passageway formed by the smaller diameter portion 208 may provide access to the fastener 106 by the user. This may be useful, for example, where the fastener 106 must be plugged into the connector opening 110 of the support structure 102 or the connector pin openings 116 of the wear member 104. The passageway may allow a user to force the fastener 106 through the connector opening 110. For example, the user may insert the shaft through the passageway to contact the distal end of the fastener 106 and tap the end of the shaft gently so as to secure the fastener 106 to the connector opening 110 and / 116). Some implementations also include a tool receiver that allows the user to lift the fastener from the connector pin opening 116, if desired. For example, protrusions, protrusions, or other features on the body portion can be used to lift the fastener 106 from the bore.

[0058] The locking opening 204 is configured to allow the fastener 106 to pass therethrough in an axial direction and enable the fastener 106 to be rotated from the unlocked state to the locked state. As used herein, the unlocked condition is a position that allows the fastener 106 to be removed from the locking aperture 204. The locking condition is a position in which the lock projection 134 is disposed behind a portion of the wall separating the pocket region 112 from the outer side wall 118. Thus, the locking opening 204 includes a shape that is larger than the axial profile of the fastener 106. The locking opening 204 is shown in detail in Figures 7 and 8. FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of the outer portion of the locking opening 204, while FIG. 8 shows the inner portion of the locking opening 204. 7, the locking opening 204 includes a central opening portion 209 having a generally bulbous shape, a first detent receiving area 211, a second detent receiving area 212, And has a lock projection receiving area 214. The first and second detent receiving areas 211, 212 extend radially outward from the central aperture portion 209. The detent compression area 216 formed in the outer wall 118 of the wear member 104 separates the first and second detent receiving areas 211 and 212. As best seen in FIG. 8, the pocket side of wear member 104 includes a wear member lock portion 219 having a back side forming a lock shoulder surface 220. In the illustrated embodiment, the lock shoulder surface 220 is recessed below the inner wall 203 of the pocket region 112. The lock shoulder surface 220 extends to the rigid mechanical stop 222. The fastener 106 can be rotated so that the lock projection 134 is behind the wear member lock portion 219 adjacent the lock shoulder surface 220. [ The rigid mechanical stop 222 can prevent overrunning of the fastener 106 and thus ensure that the cylindrical portion of the fastener is properly aligned to contact the load interface 162 of the connector opening 110 5).

[0059] Figures 9A, 9B, and 9C illustrate a process for rotating a fastener 106 from an unlocked state to a locked state, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. These drawings show an end view of the fastener 106 and a side view of the wear member 104. FIG. 9A shows the fastener 106 in the unlocked state; FIG. Figure 9b shows the fastener 106 in the middle position between the unlocked and locked states; 9C shows the fastener 106 in the locked state.

[0060] FIG. 9A shows a fastener 106 that is aligned for insertion through a locking opening 204. In this position, the lock projection 134 is aligned with the lock projection receiving area 214, and the locking pawl 128 is aligned with the first detent receiving area 211. In this arrangement, the fastener 106 is passed through the locking opening 204 of the wear member 104, through the connector opening 110 of the support structure 102 and into the release opening 202 of the wear member 104 . At the same time, the distal end of the fastener may abut the sloping flat lower surface 210 of the release opening 202 (Figs. 5 and 7). When the fastener 106 is placed in this unlocked state, the user may engage the tool with a rotating tool, such as a wrench or socket system, to rotate the fastener 106 from the unlocked state, for example. The feature 136 can be coupled.

[0061] FIG. 9B shows the fastener 106 in the process of being rotated from the unlocked state to the locked state. 9B, the leading edge 176 of the lock projection 134 begins to slide behind the wear member lock portion 219. As shown in Fig. At the same time, the locking pawl 128 moves out of the first detent receiving area 211 and engages with the structure forming the detent compression area 216. As such, the locking claw 128 compresses radially as it passes through the detent compression region 216, so that the user can tactilely sense additional resistance to rotation. Embodiments having a locking projection with a tapered proximal facing surface 174 can slide relative to the locking shoulder surface 220 (FIG. 8) forming part of the wear member locking portion 219. Because the lock shoulder surface 220 is at an oblique angle, as the lock protrusion 134 moves along the lock shoulder surface 220, the fastener 106 is further displaced axially inward toward the release opening 202 do. The inclined nature of the flat lower surface 210 of the larger diameter portion 206 allows the fastener 106 to further advance into the unlocking opening 202. The user will continue to rotate the fastener 106 in the locked state.

[0062] FIG. 9c shows the fastener 106 in the locked state. In this state, the fastener is rotated until the lock projection 134 is completely behind the wear member lock portion 219. Here, the proximal facing surface 174 of the locking protrusion 134 can be engaged or positioned to contact the locking shoulder surface 220. Also in this condition, the leading edge 176 of the lock projection 134 can be engaged with the rigid mechanical stop 222. In this position, the cylindrical portion of the fastener 106 can be aligned with the load interface 162 of the support structure 102 (FIG. 5). At the same time, in this position, the end surface 170 of the fastener 106 can be substantially aligned with the inclined flat lower surface 210 of the larger diameter portion 206 of the release opening 202. As can be seen in Figure 9c, the locking pawl 128 is moved out of the detent compression area 216 and into the second pawl receiving area 212. Because the locking pawl 128 is compressed, the user can tactilely sense the release of the locking pawl 128 as it moves into the second detent receiving area 212. This can signal to the user that the fastener has reached the locked state. In addition, the locking pawl 128 can prevent inadvertent rotation of the fastener 106 returning to its unlocked condition. For example, the relatively high force required to rotate the locking pawl 128 from the second detent receiving area 212 onto the detent compression area 216 may be reduced by digging, drilling, pressurizing, It is possible to prevent the fastener from being carelessly and undesirably rotated when using the wear member for the intended purposes.

[0063] Importantly, wear member assembly 100 is provided with a release accessory mechanism (not shown) in the form of a tapered end of fastener 106 and an inclined lower surface 210 of larger diameter portion 206 of release opening 202 Is provided. When the user desires to remove the fastener 106, the user can rotate the fastener 106 from the locked state shown in FIG. 9C to the unlocked state shown in FIG. 9A. As this occurs, the beveled end of the fastener 106 abuts the inclined lower surface 210 of the larger diameter portion 206 of the release opening 202. These inclined surfaces force the fastener 106 to be displaced axially toward the locking opening 204. [ When the fastener 106 is displaced toward the locking opening 204 and eventually at least partially protruding from the locking opening 204 the fastener 106 is more easily gripped and removed from the wear member 104 . Thus, the rotation in the counterclockwise direction not only can unlock the fastener 106, but it may also partially eject the fastener 106.

[0064] When the wear member is attached to an additional structure such as a bucket, debris such as dust, mud, clay, or the like can fill open portions of the locking opening 204. When the fastener is to be removed from the wear member 104, the trailing edge 178 becomes the leading edge intended to remove or destroy the hardened soil material in the locking opening 204. [ To accomplish this, the trailing edge 178 may be formed with a flat surface substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis 130.

[0065] In some embodiments, the support structure 102 and the fastener 106 are configured such that the fastener 106 does not extend completely through the support structure 102. In these embodiments, the support structure 102 may include an oblique bottom surface 210 shown in the release opening 202. That is, the support structure may include bores on each side aligned with the pin openings 116 of the wear member 104 when the wear member is on the support structure.

[0066] The wear member assembly design described herein may provide additional benefits that are not obtainable with prior art systems. The simplicity, reliability and shape achieved by the fasteners, the apertures in the wear member and the nature of the support structure can provide an efficient non-hammering attachment and removal for the support structure of the wear member, as well as reliability .

[0067] Figures 10 to 19c illustrate additional embodiments of a wear member assembly. FIG. 10 is a view of a wear member assembly for floor bonding according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. In the illustrated embodiment, wear member assembly 1000 includes a tooth (or wear member) 1004, a support structure such as adapter 1002, and a fastener 1006.

[0068] Adapter 1002 includes a longitudinally projecting nose that extends within the rear cavity of tooth 1004 (not shown in FIG. 10). The nose may include a transverse hole (not shown in FIG. 10) formed therein to receive the fastener 1006. In this exemplary embodiment, the teeth 1004 also include holes through which the fasteners 1006 can be inserted.

FIG. 11 shows an exploded view of the fastener 1006. Fig. 12 shows an assembled view of the fastener 1006. Fig. 18A shows a cross-sectional assembly view of a fastener 1006 disposed within the other components of the wear assembly 1000. FIG. Referring to these figures, and in accordance with the present example, the fastener 1006 includes a rigid body including a body 1201 and a cap 1212. The fastener 1006 also includes a rotational resistance element 1210. The cap 1212 is arranged to be connected to the main body 1201 such that the rotational resistance element 1210 is held between the cap 1212 and the main body 1201. [

[0070] In this example, the main body 1201 includes a shaft 1204 and a head 1206. One end 1203 of shaft 1204 includes extrusion feature 1202 or release mechanism and the other end of shaft 1204 supports and extends from head 1206. In this example, the head 1206 and the shaft 1204 form a single monolithic component. In some instances, the head 1206 may be a separate component that is connectable with the shaft 1204 to form one rigid unit. Shaft 1204 includes an elongated cylindrical portion having a substantially circular cross-section. In some instances, the shaft 1204 may be tapered toward the end portion 1203 to allow for easier insertion into the lateral bore of the nose portion and into the bore of the toothed portion 1104.

[0071] Compression feature 1202 cooperates with tooth 1104 or adapter 1102 to be extruded from a hole that is inserted as shaft 1204 is rotated. In the illustrated embodiment, the extrusion feature 1202 may be a tapered end. In some embodiments, the tapered end is a substantially planar surface that is inclined at an oblique angle to the longitudinal axis of the shaft 1204. The tapered end can engage against the beveled edge in tooth 1104 or adapter 1002 as described above. Rotation of the shaft 1204 allows the tapered end of the extrusion feature 1202 to slip relative to the corresponding tapered surface of the tooth 1004 or adapter 1002 so that the shaft 1204 1006) are forced to be displaced in the axial direction so that the fasteners 1006 can be more easily gripped and removed from the wearer assembly 1000. In the illustrated embodiment, the longitudinal axis 1213 of the shaft 1204 is also in a common straight line with the longitudinal axis of the fastener 1006.

The other end 1205 of the main body 1201 includes a head 1206. In this embodiment, the head 1206 has a larger cross sectional diameter than the shaft 1204. The head 1206 includes an engagement cavity 1222 that is axially open at the proximal end of the shaft 1204. The engaging cavity is sized and shaped to receive the engaging projection 1220 of the cap 1212, as will be described in greater detail below. In the illustrated embodiment, the head 1206 also includes two pinholes 1207 that are sized and shaped to receive the retaining pin 1226. In the illustrated embodiment, pinholes 1207 are disposed on opposite sides of the coupling cavity 1222 such that the retaining pin 1226 can be positioned at both pinholes 1207 at the same time. After the cap 1212 is inserted into the engagement cavity 1222, the retaining pin 1226 may be inserted into the pinholes 1207 to hold the cap 1212 in position relative to the body 1201. Although the illustrated embodiment includes a single retaining pin 1226, other implementations use multiple retaining pins. Others use mechanical attachment fasteners without retaining pins. For example, some embodiments secure the cap 1212 to the body 1201 using adhesives, epoxies, welds, screws, or other engaging features.

[0073] In this exemplary embodiment, the head 1206 also includes a radially extending locking projection 1224. The lock protrusion 1224 helps secure the fastener 1006 in place to secure the tooth 1004 to the adapter 1002. For example, when fastener 1006 is rotated to the locking position, locking protrusion 1224 may be engaged with tooth 1004 or adapter 1004 to prevent removal of fastener 1006 from tooth 1004 or adapter 1002. [ Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 1002 < / RTI > Likewise, when the fastener 1006 is in the unlocked position, the lock projection 1224 is positioned to fit through a recess or opening in the tooth 1004 or adapter 1002, . ≪ / RTI > Although the lock projection 1224 is disclosed as projecting from the head 1206 of the body 1201, in other embodiments the lock projection is disposed on the cap 1212 or from the shaft 1204. In some embodiments, the lock projection 1224 includes axially displaced surfaces 1225a, 1225b that lie within parallel planes. In some embodiments, one or both of the surfaces 1225a, 1225b are inclined to lie within the inclined planes with respect to the longitudinal axis 1213. [ In some embodiments, these surfaces may be similar to the distal facing surface and proximal facing surface 174 described with reference to FIGS. 2-8 and 9A-9C. The lock protrusion 1224 can be inclined or sized similarly to the lock protrusion 134 described herein.

The cap 1212 includes a coupling protrusion 1220, a contact portion 1218, and a head 1219. 11 and 18A, the engaging projection 1220 is sized and shaped to protrude axially from the abutting portion 1218 and fit within the engaging cavity 1222. As shown in Fig. In this example, the engaging protrusions 1220 are substantially square in cross-section. Accordingly, the coupling cavity 1222 is also substantially square. Thus, in the illustrated embodiment, the engaging cavities 1222 and engaging projections 1220 have substantially the same cross-sectional shape. Although shown as being substantially square, other profiles or shapes may be used. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the engaging cavity 1222 and engaging projection 1220 is formed as rectangles, triangles, or other polygonal shapes. Other cross-sectional shapes are contemplated. Due to conforming features or surfaces, the cap 1212 and the body 1201 can be rotatably fixed to one another. Some embodiments rely on retaining pins 1226 or other retaining structures for rotationally securing cap 1212 and body 1201 without relying on conforming features or surfaces. As can be seen, in this embodiment, the engaging projection 1220 also includes a through-hole 1217. [ The through hole 1217 is aligned with the pin hole 1207 so that the retaining pin 1226 holds the cap 1212 in the main body 1201 when the engaging protrusion 1220 is fully inserted into the engaging cavity 1222 It can be inserted completely through. Other mechanisms for securing the cap 1212 to the body 1201 are also contemplated such that rotation of the cap 1212 causes a corresponding rotation of the body 1201. [

[0075] In this example, the contact portion 1218 is a non-circular circumferential profile that forms the outer surface of a portion of the cap 1212 and is positioned adjacent to the engaging projection 1220. The contact portion 1218 is sized and shaped to be received by the rotational resistance element 1210. In this embodiment, the contact portion 1218 includes a plurality of substantially planar surfaces directed radially outwardly. These flat surfaces are separated by edges or corners 1229 and are designed to rest flat against the inner surfaces of the rotational resistance element 1210 when the fastener is in the locking or unlocking position. Although described as planar surfaces, surfaces may have concave or convex portions separated by edges or corners 1229. [

The head 1219 of the cap 1212 may have a diameter similar to or substantially the same as the diameter of the head 1206 of the main body 1201. The head 1219 limits or prevents axial translational movement of the rotational resistance element 1210 while the cap 1212 is connected to the body 1201. That is, the head 1219 and the entire cap 1212 can be selectively rotated with respect to the rotational resistance element 1210, while the head 1219 fixes the rotational resistance element 1210 in the axial position. The head 1219 also includes a tool-connecting feature shown as a hole 1216 that can be used to rotate the fastener 1106. In this example, hole 1216 is hexagonal and aligned with the longitudinal axis. Thus, a hexagonal tool may be inserted into hole 1216 and used to rotate fastener 1106 against the remainder of wear assembly 1100. In some instances, a plug 1214 may be inserted into hole 1216 during normal operation of the wear member to prevent accumulation of debris, such as dust, within hole 1216. The plug 1214 can be a rubber or polymeric plug that can be removed to provide access to the aperture 1216. In one example, one of the hexagonal sides of hole 1216 is provided with a cut-out 1215 that allows a tool, such as a screwdriver, to slide into plug 1214 to remove plug 1214 ). Additionally, cutout 1215 can provide a way for a tool to remove dust and debris from hole 1216 when plug 1214 is not used.

The anti-rotation element 1210 is sometimes referred to as a locking pawl or clamp spring and is designed to withstand the undesired or unintended rotation of the cap 1212 and the body 1201, RTI ID = 0.0 > 1201 < / RTI > The rotational resistance element 1210 may be similar to the spring portion 184 described above. According to this example, the rotational resistance element 1210 includes an inner contact feature 1211 and an interference feature 1209. [ The inner contact feature 1211 includes a plurality of inwardly planar surfaces configured to engage outward surfaces of the contact portion 1218 of the cap 1212 such that the planar surfaces of the contact portion 1218 contact the inner contact feature 1211 ) ≪ / RTI > The rotational resistance element 1210 may be formed of an elastic material having elastic properties such that a desired or intentional rotation of the cap 1212 and the body 1201 is permitted but is prevented from unwanted or unintended rotation. Specifically, rotating cap 1212 and body 1201 with respect to rotational resistance element 1210 between the locking and unlocking positions causes an expansion, such as a radial expansion of rotational resistance element 1210. Rotation of the cap 1212 relative to the rotational resistance element 1210 presses the rotational resistance element 1210 outward. The flexibility and resilience of the rotational resistance element 1210 provides resistance to such lateral movement and thus provides resistance to rotation of the fastener 1006 between the locking and unlocking positions. This provides tactile feedback to the user as the fastener rotates between the unlocking position and the locking position. Thus, when the user rotates the cap 1212 and body 1201 relative to the rotational resistance element 1210, the resistance to rotation increases during the first portion of rotation and decreases during the second portion of rotation, Provide tactile feedback to the user. Since the rotational resistance increases during rotation, the tendency of inadvertent rotation can be minimized or prevented.

In this example, the interference feature 1209 is formed as a single protrusion designed to fit within a recess or slot (not shown) of the tooth 1004 or adapter 1002. The indentation provides mechanical interference to prevent rotation of the interference feature 1209 of the rotational resistance element 1210 relative to the tooth 1004 or the adapter 1002. Thus, when the fastener 1006 is rotated relative to the tooth 1004 or the adapter 1002, the rotational resistance element 1210 is not rotated.

[0079] Figure 12 shows a perspective view of a fastener 1006 having a rotational resistance element 1210. The cap 1212 is fixed to the head 2006 of the shaft 1204. The rotational resistance element 1210 is also fitted over the contact portion 1218 and secured in place by the cap 1212 and is prevented from being removed without removal of the cap 1212. [

[0080] In some instances, the rotational resistance element 1210 may be formed of a single monolithic component as shown and described in FIGS. 11-15. However, in some instances, the rotational resistance element 1210 may include more than one component as illustrated in and described with reference to Figs. 21-24C. For example, the rotational resistance element 1210 may include a biasing member and a separate ring-piece (not shown) that fits with the biasing member. In such an example, the biasing member may form part of the surfaces of the inner contact feature 1211 while the ring-piece may form part of the other inner surfaces of the inner contact feature 1211, Alternatively, the biasing member may form all the surfaces of the inner contact feature 1211.

[0081] In some embodiments, the rotational resistance element 1210 includes a position indicator 1221. The position indicator 1221 is a fixed feature that can be used as a reference to identify the relative rotational position of the cap 1212. In the illustrated embodiment, the position indicator 1221 is a depression formed on the surface of the rotational resistance element 1210. A light color paint or marker can be applied so that the position indicator 1221 is easily identifiable to the operator. As can be seen in Figure 12, the cap 1212 may also include position indicators 1223. In the illustrated example, the position indicators 1223 are shown as an open lock and a closed lock. In some implementations, position indicators 1223 are simply lines, dots, depressions, or other indicators. In some embodiments, they may be painted or colored so that they can be easily seen by the operator. Some implementations do not include position indicators.

[0082] FIG. 13 illustrates a biasing member 1300 that forms part or all of an exemplary rotational resistance element 1210. In this example, the biasing member 1300 is a C-shaped member. The deflecting member 1300 includes two flex arms 1302a and 1302b and an interference feature 1209. [ Arm 1302a includes an upper inwardly facing surface 1304a and arm 1302b includes a lower, upwardly facing surface 1304b. In this embodiment, surfaces 1304a and 1304b are substantially planar. When assembled with the cap 1212, the surfaces 1304a and 1304b are fitted to the substantially planar surfaces of the contact portion 1218 (Fig. 2A). In this example, the biasing member 1300 includes a single solid-like protrusion 1306 that forms the interfering feature 1209. [

[0083] In some examples, the biasing member 1300 may be made of an elastic material such as plastic or polymer. In some instances, the biasing member 1300 may be made of a metal material having sufficient flexibility. The elasticity allows the arms 1302a and 1302b to flex elastically away when rotational force is applied to the cap 1212 and consequently the contact portion 1218. [ When the cap 1212 and the body 1201 are in the locking or unlocking positions, the flat surfaces 1304a and 1304b are seated against or adjacent to the corresponding flat surfaces of the contact portion 1218, Will provide a biasing force against inadvertent rotation between the locking position and the unlocking position. However, as the contact portion rotates, the elastic arms 1302a and 1302b bend outward to allow the biasing force to be overcome and allow rotation between the locking position and the unlocking position. Thus, the arms provide resistance to such rotational movement between the locking position and the unlocking position.

[0084] FIG. 14 shows a fastener 1006 disposed in a hole or hole 1402 in a side surface of a tooth portion 1004. The head 1219 of the cap 1212 is shown while the body 1201 is disposed in the hole 1402 or through the hole 1402. [ As can be seen, the interference feature 1209 of the rotational resistance element 1210 is fitted within the recess 1406 in the tooth 1004. In addition, the lock projection 1224 is fitted in the lock projection receiving opening or the extension 1404 of the hole 1402. Figure 14 shows the fastener 1006 in the unlocked position with the lock projection 1224 aligned within the extension 1404. [ When the lock projection 1224 is aligned as shown, the fastener 1106 can be displaced and removed axially from the hole 1402 on the side of the tooth 1004. The unlocking and locking positions will be further described below.

[0085] FIG. 15 illustrates another exemplary biasing member for use with or as a rotational resistance element referenced by number 1500. The biasing member 1500 includes two arms 1504a and 1504b each having an inner surface 1504a and 1504b designed to contact a portion of the contact portion 1218 of the cap 1212. In this manner, (1502a, 1502b). The biasing member 1500 also defines an interference feature 1506 that includes two protrusions 1508a and 1508b. The protrusions 1508a and 1508b provide interference with the adapter 1002 or the teeth 1004 to resist rotation of the biasing member even when the cap 1212 is rotated.

[0086] FIG. 16 shows a fastener 1006 disposed in a hole or hole 1402 in the side surface of the tooth portion 1004. As can be seen, the protrusions 1508a, 1508b of the rotational resistance element fit within the recesses 1406 in the teeth 1004. The lock projection 1224 is fitted in the lock projection opening or the extension portion 1404. The fastener 1006 is shown as being in the unlocked position, and the description of Figure 14 also applies here.

[0087] Figures 17a-c illustrate cross-sections of the contact portion 1218 at different positions for the inner contact feature 1211. [0087] 17A and 17C each illustrate the fastener 1006 in one of the locking and unlocking positions. For purposes of illustration only, Fig. 17A will be treated as the unlocking position, and Fig. 17C will be referred to as the locking position. 17B shows the middle of the rotation between the locking position and the unlocking position. 17A in the unlocked position, the lock projection 1224 is positioned to allow the fastener to be removed from the wear member 1004 (not shown). In this position, the outer surface 1701 of the contact portion 1218 is seated against the inner surface 1702 of the inner contact feature 1211. The outer surface 1703 of the contact portion 1218 faces the interference feature 1209. The outer surface 1705 of the contact portion 1218 is seated against the inner surface 1706 of the inner contact feature 1211. The outer surface 1707 of the contact portion is away from the interference feature 1209.

[0088] FIG. 17B shows a fastener approximately in the middle between the unlocking position (shown in FIG. 17A) and the locking position (shown in FIG. 17C). In this position, outer surface 1701 has moved away from inner surface 1702. The outer surface 1703 has moved toward the inner surface 1706. The outer surface 1705 has moved away from the inner surface 1706. The outer surface 1707 has moved toward the inner surface 1702. This exerts an outward force on the biasing member 1300. In some instances, the outward force presses the two flexible arms 1302a, 1302b of the biasing member 1300 outwardly. In some instances, the outward force compresses the material forming the arms 1302a, 1302b while the arms remain substantially stationary. In either case, the rotation between the locking position and the unlocking position is resisted, thereby providing tactile feedback to the operator.

[0089] Figure 17c shows the fastener in the locking position. Thus, the lock projection is positioned to prevent removal of the fastener from the wear member 1004 (not shown). After rotation to the locking position, the outer surface 1701 now faces the interference feature 1209. The outer surface 1703 is now seated against the inner surface 1706. The outer surface 1705 is now facing away from the interference feature 1209. The outer surface 1707 is now seated against the inner surface 1702.

[0090] Figures 17a-c show only two distinct positions (locking and unlocking positions), but it is understood that other embodiments may include more distinct positions. For example, in this example, there are four flat surfaces on both the inner contact feature 1211 and the contact portion 1218. [ Thus, there can be four distinct positions. In some examples, the contact portion 1218 and the internal features 1211 may have a plurality of different planar surfaces and may allow for a plurality of different distinct positions. For example, there may be three flat surfaces of triangular shape, thus allowing three distinct positions. Alternatively, there may be five flat surfaces, thus allowing five distinct positions. In such cases, the rotation between the positions is resisted by the resilient rotational resistance element, and thus tactile feedback is provided to the user rotating the fastener 1006. Also for purposes of illustration, the rotational distance between the locking position and the unlocking position is 90 [deg.]. However, other implementations may be arranged to provide any rotational distance between the locking position and the unlocking position, depending on the configuration of the contact portion 1218 and internal features 1211. [

[0091] As shown, the rotational resistance element 1210 is held in place while the contact portion 1218 of the cap 1212 is rotating. In other words, the inner surfaces 1702, 1706 are held in place while the outer surfaces 1701, 1703, 1705, 1707 are rotated.

[0092] Figures 18A and 18B illustrate various cross-sectional views of the fastener 1006 in the unlocked position. 18A shows a cross section along the longitudinal axis 1804 of the fastener 1006. FIG. According to this example, fastener 1006 is shown inserted into wear member 1004 and adapter 1002, thereby preventing the wear member 1004 from being removed from adapter 1002. The elongate body 1201 extends through the adapter 1002 and into the recess 1802 formed in the inner surface 1801 on the far side of the wear member 1004. The recess 1802 includes an inwardly tapered surface 1803 shaped to cooperate with the extrusion feature 1202 of the fastener 1006. Although lock protrusions 1224 are shown extending outwardly from body 1201 in this embodiment, other embodiments have lock protrusions 1224 that extend outwardly from cap 1212. Although not very clear from the perspective of FIG. 18A, the lock projection is in a position to allow the fastener 1006 to be removed. 18A also shows a fastener fully assembled with the cap 1212 secured to the body 1201 with the rotational resistance element 1210 therebetween.

FIG. 18B shows a diagonal cross section along the lock projection 1224. As shown, the lock projection 1224 is positioned to align with the hole extension 1404, thereby allowing the fastener 1006 to be removed. In addition, the interference feature 1209 is shown positioned within the recess 1406.

FIG. 18C is a diagram showing an outline of the wear member 1004 from the inside of the cavity. This outline shows the hole 1402 into which the lock pin can be inserted. When the lock pin 1006 is first inserted, the lock projection 1224 is fitted in the pocket 1812. When the lock pin 1006 is rotated from the unlocked position to the locked position, the outer edge of the lock projection 1224 moves along the adjacent surface 1818. In addition, the proximal facing surface 1225a (shown in FIG. 12) of the lock pin 1224 is seated against a ramped surface 1816. Thus, the slope 1816 acts as a push-in feature because the slope further pushes the lock pin 1006 into the hole 1402 along the axial direction as the lock projection is rotated . Next, the lock projection 1224 is seated in the pocket 1814 in the locking position. In some embodiments, slope 1816 is a relatively flat ramp. Therefore, there is a linear relationship between the axial displacement of the lock pin 1006 into the hole and the rotation. In other embodiments, the slope 1816 has a relatively smooth curvature. Therefore, there is a non-linear relationship between the axial displacement of the lock pin 1006 into the hole and the rotation. In other embodiments, the slope 1816 has a plurality of surfaces that can form a stepped relationship. For example, Figure 18c shows a surface 1816 formed with a plurality of levels or stages. In the illustrated example, surface 1816 includes three stages shown as flattened portions 1816a, slanted portions 1816b and other flattened portions 1816c. As the lock pin 1006 rotates, the lock projection slides over the flat portion 1816a with the minimum axial displacement of the lock pin 1006. [ Next, the lock projection slides over the inclined portion 1816b, causing more axial displacement of the lock pin 1006, thereby pushing the lock pin 1006 in. Next, the lock projection slides on the flat portion 1816c and is fixed to the locking position. Other arrangements are also contemplated.

[0095] Figures 19a, 19b, 19c illustrate various cross-sectional views of the fastener 1006 in the locking position. Thus, according to the embodiment illustrated herein, the fastener 1006 is rotated 90 degrees from the position shown in Figs. 18A and 18B. In the locking position, the fastener 1006 is further advanced into the wear member 1004 and the holes 1404 of the adapter 1002. As can be seen, the extrusion feature 1202 of the shaft 1204 forming part of the body 1201 is fitted adjacent the inwardly tapered surface 1803 of the wear member 1004. In some embodiments, the fastener 1006 may be only partially extended into the adapter 1002. [ In such an embodiment, the tapered surface 1803 may be formed as part of the adapter 1002. As the fastener 1006 rotates, the extrusion feature 1202 engages the tapered surface 1803 and the additional rotation causes the fastener 1006 to move in the axial direction from the position shown in FIG. 19B to the position shown in FIG. Force to be displaced.

[0096] FIG. 19A is a view under the axis of fastener 1006 disposed in apertures or holes 1402 in side surfaces of teeth 1004 and in unlocked position. As can be seen, the interference feature 1209 of the rotational resistance element is fitted in the recess 1406 in the tooth 1004. In addition, the lock projection is rotated and positioned behind the inner surface of the wear member 1004.

FIG. 19B shows a cross section of the fastener 1006 along the longitudinal axis 1804. The rotational resistance element 1210 and its interference feature 1209 are held in substantially the same position within the recess 1406 while the shaft is rotated so that the lock projection 1224 is at a different position. In other words, the main body 1201 and the cap 1212 are rotated while the rotational resistance element 1210 is held substantially in place.

FIG. 19C shows a diagonal cross section along the lock projection 1224. As shown, the lock projection 1224 is seated behind the inner surface 1902 (also identified as the slope 1816 in FIG. 18C) of the wear member 1004. Thus, the fastener 1006 is prevented from being removed.

[0099] FIG. 20 is a flow diagram illustrating an exemplary method for inserting a fastener having a rotational resistance element 1210 as described herein, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. In this example, the method 2000 includes, at 2002, inserting a shaft of a fastener through aligned holes of a first wear member and a second wear member. In some embodiments, the second wear member is an adapter, such as adapter 1002, or an intermediate adapter.

[00100] In 2004, the method 2000 further includes coupling to the tooling feature by inserting a tool within the tool receiving hole of the fastener. The tool receiving hole may have a polygonal shape such as a hexagonal shape. Thus, the tool may have similar features for engaging the tool receiving hole.

[00101] The method 2000, in 2006, overcomes the biasing force of the spring clamp by rotating the body and cap of the fastener while preventing rotation of the spring clamp against the first wear member, To a locking position. When this occurs, the edges of the surfaces of the inwardly planar surfaces that are fitted with the radially outwardly flat surfaces of the contact portion bend, compress, or displace the arms of the rotational resistance element.

[00102] FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a perspective view of a pin 1006 having multiple components of a rotational resistance element 2102 having an inner ring 2106 and an outer ring 2104. The rotational resistance element 2102 operates in conjunction with the main body 1201 and the cap 1212 like the rotational resistance element 1210 described above. Specifically, the main body 1201 and the cap 1212 rotate together with respect to the rotational resistance element 2102. [ The components of the main body 1201 and the cap 1212 shown in Fig. 21 are similar to those shown in Fig. 11, and will not be repeated here.

The outer ring 2104 of the rotational resistance element 2102 includes an inwardly directed surface 2112 that is sized and shaped to fit against the outwardly facing surface 2114 of the inner ring 2106. The outer ring 2104 includes an intervening feature 2108 that may include one or more protrusions designed to fit within the recesses or slots (not shown) of the tooth 1004 or adapter 1002 do. In this example, the interference feature 2108 includes two protrusions 2110. [ However, in some examples, there may be a single protrusion, such as the protrusion shown in Fig. In some instances, the outer ring 2104 may be made of a rigid material such as metal, composite, or other material. Fig. 22 shows an enlarged view of the outer ring 2104.

[00104] Inner ring 2106 is sized and shaped to fit within outer ring 2104. Specifically, the outward surface 2114 of the inner ring 2106 is designed to fit against the inward surface 2112 of the outer ring 2104. The inner ring 2106 includes an ear portion 2113 shaped such that the outer surface 2114 is not circular. This prevents rotational movement of the inner ring 2106 relative to the outer ring 2104. The inward surface 2112 of the outer ring 2104 also includes a corresponding non-circular shape. In some embodiments, inner ring 2106 is secured within outer ring 2104 using an adhesive, such as epoxy, welding or other adhesive. In some instances, inner ring 2106 does not have ear portion 21 13, but may instead be rotatable within outer ring 2104. In such an instance, outer ring 2104 may have a polygonal inner surface such that an inner ring having a similar polygonal surface can rotate between distinct positions within outer ring 2104.

[00105] Inner ring 2106 includes a set of inwardly directed surfaces 2116. In this example, the inner ring 2106 includes four substantially planar inwardly facing surfaces 2116a, 2116b, 2116c, and 2116d shown in greater detail in Figures 24a-24c. The inwardly facing surfaces 2116a, 2116b, 2116c and 2116d are sized and shaped to fit against the outwardly facing surfaces of the contact portion 1218 on the cap 1212. [ The inner ring 2106 may be made of an elastic material so as to be compressible by rotation of the contact portion 1218 of the cap 1212. [ For example, the inner ring 2106 may be made of rubber, polyurethane, high density polyethylene, polyoxymethylene, cast nylon, and other suitable resilient materials. 23 shows an enlarged view of the inner ring.

[00106] Figures 24A, 24B and 24C are diagrams illustrating the rotation of the pin relative to the rotational resistance element of Figure 21; Figure 24A shows the pin in the unlocked position. In such a position, the four flat inward surfaces 2116a, 2116b, 2116c, 2116d of the inner ring 2106 fit into the four flat outward surfaces 1218a, 1218b, 1218c, 1218d of the contact portion 1218 It is tailored. Specifically, surface 2116a is seated against surface 1218a. Surface 2116b is seated against surface 1218b. Surface 2116c is seated against surface 1218c. Surface 2116d is seated against surface 1218d.

[00107] FIG. 24B shows a lock projection 1224 that rotates between an unlocking position and a locking position. When the main body 1201 is rotated, the contact portion 1218 is rotated with respect to the rotational resistance element 2102. Specifically, as described above, the interference feature 2108 is seated within a slot or recess in the tooth 1004 or adapter 1002 such that the rotational resistance element 2102 rotates with the body 1201 ≪ / RTI > Rotation of the contact portion 1218 against the inner ring 2106 causes compression of portions of the inner ring 2106. Specifically, the rounded portions between the planar outward surfaces 1218a, 1218b, 1218c, and 1218d are pressed against the planar inward surfaces 2116a, 2216b, 2116c, and 2116d. 24B, the compressible nature of the inner ring 2106 allows rotation of the contact portion 1218 relative to the rotational resistance element 2102, but resists such rotation.

[0108] As shown in FIG. 24C, the pin is in the locking position. In this position, surface 2116a is seated against surface 1218d. Surface 2116b is seated against surface 1218a. Surface 2116c is seated against surface 1218b. Surface 2116d is seated against surface 1218c.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the implementations encompassed by this disclosure are not limited to the specific illustrative embodiments described above. In that regard, while illustrative embodiments have been shown and described, a wide variety of modifications, alterations, combinations, and substitutions are contemplated in the foregoing disclosure. It is understood that such variations can be made above without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, it is appropriate that the appended claims be construed broadly and in a manner consistent with the present disclosure.

Claims (41)

A ground bond wear member assembly comprising:
An adapter including a longitudinally projecting nose portion - a transverse hole formed through the nose portion;
A wear member having a rear portion having a cavity for receiving a nose portion of the adapter, the wear member having an outer surface for engaging the ground and an inner surface defining the cavity, An aperture extending through the sidewall surface from the surface to the inner surface, the aperture being alignable with a lateral aperture of the adapter when the nose portion is disposed within the cavity; And
And a fastener accommodated in the aperture and the transverse hole to prevent removal of the wear member from the adapter,
main body;
A rotational resistance element comprising a polygonal inner surface and an outwardly extending interference feature;
A cap including a contact portion having radially outwardly facing surfaces corresponding to a polygonal inner surface of the rotational resistance element and coupled to the body to limit axial translation of the rotational resistance element;
Wherein the rotational resistance element is arranged to resist rotation of the body and cap relative to the rotational resistance element between a plurality of distinct rotational positions,
Abrasive member assembly for ground bonding. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the rotational resistance element further comprises an outer ring and an inner ring fitted within the outer ring,
Abrasive member assembly for ground bonding. 3. The method of claim 2,
Said inner ring having an ear portion for preventing rotation of said inner ring relative to said outer ring,
Abrasive member assembly for ground bonding. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the polygonal inner surface of the rotational resistance element is on an inward surface of the inner ring,
Abrasive member assembly for ground bonding. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a lock fin projecting radially from the fastener, wherein the plurality of distinct rotational positions are configured such that the locking projections are disposed behind the inner surface of the wear member to prevent removal of the fastener from the aperture Comprising a locked position to be set,
Abrasive member assembly for ground bonding. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the plurality of distinct rotational positions include an unlocked position in which the lock projection of the fastener does not prevent removal of the fastener.
Abrasive member assembly for ground bonding. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the wear feature comprises a slot and the interference feature is fitted into the slot of the wear member to prevent rotation of the rotational resistance element relative to the wear member,
Abrasive member assembly for ground bonding. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the interference feature comprises a single protrusion.
Abrasive member assembly for ground bonding. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the interference feature comprises a plurality of protrusions,
Abrasive member assembly for ground bonding. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a lock projection projecting radially from the fastener, the lock projection being arranged to mechanically prevent axial translation of the fastener away from the aperture of the wear member,
Abrasive member assembly for ground bonding. 11. The method of claim 10,
Further comprising a ramped surface in the cavity, wherein the ramp is positioned to engage the lock projection so that rotation of the fastener further pushes the fastener into the lateral hole,
Abrasive member assembly for ground bonding. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the rotational resistance element comprises a monolithic biasing member comprising the interference feature and at least two inner surfaces of the polygonal inner surface.
Abrasive member assembly for ground bonding. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the cap includes an engagement protrusion that fits within an engagement cavity of the head to prevent rotation of the cap relative to the body.
Abrasive member assembly for ground bonding. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the cap further comprises a tool receiving hole for receiving a tool for rotating the fastener between a locking position and an unlocking position, the tool receiving hole having a notch on one side of the tool receiving hole,
Abrasive member assembly for ground bonding. 15. The method of claim 14,
Further comprising a plug insertable in the tool receiving hole of the cap,
Abrasive member assembly for ground bonding. A locking mechanism for attaching a first wear member to a second wear member,
An elongated body shaped and arranged to prevent removal of the first wear member from the second wear member;
A cap, the cap being connected to the body in such a manner that rotation of the cap causes a corresponding rotation of the body, the cap having a head portion defining an end of the locking mechanism;
A contact portion disposed between the body and the head portion and having a plurality of radially outward surfaces;
A lock projection extending radially outward from one of said body and said cap and engaging one of said first and second wear members and selectively restraining axial displacement of said locking mechanism; And
A rotational resistance element disposed between the body and the cap and having a plurality of inwardly facing surfaces adapted to mate with radially outward surfaces of the contact portion, the rotational resistance element further comprising an interference feature extending radially outwardly And the rotational resistance element is resiliently biased to selectively resist rotation of the cap relative to the rotational resistance element.
A locking mechanism for attaching a first wear member to a second wear member. 17. The method of claim 16,
Wherein one of the body and the cap includes a coupling cavity and the other of the body and the cap includes a coupling protrusion insertable within the coupling cavity to couple the body and the cap.
A locking mechanism for attaching a first wear member to a second wear member. 17. The method of claim 16,
The cap and shaft being rotatable relative to the rotational resistance element between distinct positions defined by the planar inward facing surfaces of the rotational resistance element,
A locking mechanism for attaching a first wear member to a second wear member. 17. The method of claim 16,
Wherein the rotational resistance element further comprises a monolithic biasing member including the interference features and the planar inwardly facing surfaces.
A locking mechanism for attaching a first wear member to a second wear member. 17. The method of claim 16,
Wherein the interference feature comprises two protrusions extending radially outwardly,
A locking mechanism for attaching a first wear member to a second wear member. As a method,
Inserting a fastener into aligned holes of the first wear member and the second wear member to connect the first wear member to the second wear member, the fastener comprising a rotation comprising an interference feature extending radially outwardly The rotating resistance element further comprising a body and a cap including a lock projection that engages surfaces of the first and second wear members and extends radially outwardly; And
Rotating the fastener relative to the first wear member between an unlocking position and a locking position,
a) the locking protrusion rotates from an unlocking position that allows axial translation of the fastener through the aligned holes, and wherein the locking protrusion prevents axial translation of the locking mechanism from the aligned holes The first wear member is rotated to a locking position positioned behind the portion of the first wear member,
b) said first wear member prevents rotation of said rotational resistance element while permitting rotation of said body and said cap,
c) the radially outward facing surfaces of the contact portion of the body or cap are disposed on an inward surface of the rotational resistance element in a manner that provides a tactile feedback to the user when the fastener is moved between the unlocking position and the locking position. Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > radial &
Way. 22. The method of claim 21,
Further comprising inserting a tool into the cap, wherein rotating the cap is performed by rotating the tool within the cap,
Way. 22. The method of claim 21,
Further comprising protecting the flex arms of the rotational resistance element from debris by a monolithic ring-shaped piece.
Way. A locking mechanism for attaching a first wear member to a second wear member,
A rigid body shaped and arranged to prevent removal of the first wear member from the second wear member and having a head portion defining an end of the locking mechanism;
A contact portion on the rigid body, the contact portion having a plurality of radially outwardly facing surfaces;
A lock projection extending radially outward from one of said rigid bodies to engage one of said first and second wear members and to selectively inhibit axial displacement of said locking mechanism; And
A rotational resistance element at least partially disposed about the rigid body, the rotational resistance element having a plurality of inwardly facing surfaces to be fitted with radially outward surfaces of the contact portion, the rotational resistance element extending radially outwardly And wherein the rotational resistance element is elastically biased and disposed to selectively resist rotation of the rigid body relative to the rotational resistance element.
A locking mechanism for attaching a first wear member to a second wear member. 25. The method of claim 24,
Wherein the rigid body includes a body and a cap coupled to the body,
A locking mechanism for attaching a first wear member to a second wear member. 26. The method of claim 25,
Wherein the cap is connectable to the body with the rotational resistance element positioned therebetween,
A locking mechanism for attaching a first wear member to a second wear member. CLAIMS 1. A wear member assembly for an earthwork machine,
A support structure having a hole formed therein;
A wear member removably attachable to the support structure, the wear member having an aperture formed therein, the aperture of the wear member being sized differently from the aperture of the support structure, The abrasive member also having an inclined surface, the inclined surface facing a cavity of the wear member; And
A rotatable fastener capable of being received into the aperture of the support structure and into the aperture of the wear member in a manner that prevents removal of the wear member from the support structure, the fastener comprising a body portion, Wherein the fastener is axially receivable in the bore of the wear member and the lock protrusion is moved from an unlocked state in which the lock bore is aligned with the bore of the wear member, Wherein the body portion of the rotatable fastener comprises a distal end formed at an oblique angle and wherein an inclined surface of the wear member cooperates with the distal end of the fastener During rotation from the locked state to the unlocked state, ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > axially < / RTI >
Abrasive member assembly for earthwork machines. 28. The method of claim 27,
Wherein the lock projection has a width that is set to be smaller than a diameter of the body portion,
Abrasive member assembly for earthwork machines. 28. The method of claim 27,
The locking protrusion includes a relatively thin leading edge and a relatively thick trailing edge.
Abrasive member assembly for earthwork machines. 28. The method of claim 27,
Wherein the wear member comprises a bore in an inner surface, the bore having an inclined lower surface,
Abrasive member assembly for earthwork machines. 28. The method of claim 27,
Wherein the locking protrusion is formed in a spiral shape less than 180 degrees around the body portion,
Abrasive member assembly for earthwork machines. 28. The method of claim 27,
Wherein the body portion of the rotatable fastener includes a cylindrical side and a tapered side, the cylindrical side being disposed to face a leading end of the support structure, and wherein when the fastener is in the locked state, Side,
Abrasive member assembly for earthwork machines. 28. The method of claim 27,
Wherein the fastener comprises a locking detent compressible through one of the wear member and the support structure when the fastener is rotated from the unlocked state to the locked state.
Abrasive member assembly for earthwork machines. 34. The method of claim 33,
The detent is a C-shaped snap ring having protrusions disposed thereon,
Abrasive member assembly for earthwork machines. 28. The method of claim 27,
Wherein the body portion and the locking projections are formed of a solid, monolithic material,
A wear member assembly. 28. The method of claim 27,
Said fastener comprising a protruding tool securing feature,
Abrasive member assembly for earthwork machines. A rotatable fastener accommodated in the bore of both the support structure and the wear member in such a manner as to prevent removal of the wear member from the support structure,
The body portion having a distal end and a proximal end and having a longitudinal axis, the body portion having a substantially circular cross-section from the distal end to the proximal end; The body portion having an inclined end surface that is inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis within a range of about 20 to 70 degrees and wherein the end surface engages an inclined lower surface of the bore in the support structure and in one of the wear members Deployed -; And
A body including a fixed radially extending locking protrusion spirally disposed on the body portion and extending only partially around the periphery of the body portion; And
A locking pawl projecting from a side of the body at a position axially disposed between the proximal end and the lock projection, the locking pawl being compressible from a compressed state to an uncompressed state relative to the body portion;
A rotatable fastener that is receivable within an aperture of both the support structure and the wear member in a manner that prevents removal of the wear member from the support structure. 39. The method of claim 37,
Wherein the body portion includes a substantially cylindrical distal end and includes a first substantially cylindrical side and an oppositely tapered second side.
A rotatable fastener that is receivable within an aperture of both the support structure and the wear member in a manner that prevents removal of the wear member from the support structure. A rotatable fastener accommodated in the bore of both the support structure and the wear member in such a manner as to prevent removal of the wear member from the support structure,
A body portion sized to be introduced axially into the bore of the support structure, the body portion having a distal end and a proximal end and a longitudinal axis, the body portion having a substantially circular body from the distal end to the proximal end The body portion having a first side that is substantially cylindrical and an opposite tapered second side; And
A body including a fixed radially extending locking protrusion disposed on the body portion and extending only partially around the periphery of the body portion; And
A locking pawl projecting from a side of the body at a position axially disposed between the proximal end and the lock projection, the locking pawl being compressible from a compressed state to an uncompressed state relative to the body portion;
A rotatable fastener that is receivable within an aperture of both the support structure and the wear member in a manner that prevents removal of the wear member from the support structure. 40. The method of claim 39,
Wherein the body portion includes an obliquely tapered end surface disposed to engage a lower surface of an inclined bore in the one of the support structure and the wear member.
A rotatable fastener that is receivable within an aperture of both the support structure and the wear member in a manner that prevents removal of the wear member from the support structure. 40. The method of claim 39,
The detent is a C-shaped snap ring having a protrusion,
A rotatable fastener that is receivable within an aperture of both the support structure and the wear member in a manner that prevents removal of the wear member from the support structure.

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