KR20190016189A - An organic photovoltaic device using two dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide and a method for preparing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an organic solar cell including a nano-material having two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor characteristics as an electron transfer layer, and to a manufacturing method thereof. According to the present invention, the organic solar cell comprises: a first electrode; a second electrode disposed to face the first electrode; and one or more intermediate layers disposed between the first and second electrodes, wherein the one or more intermediate layers include 2D transition metal dichalcogenide.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to an organic solar cell using a two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide, and a method of manufacturing the same. [0002]

The present invention relates to an organic solar cell and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to an organic solar cell including a nanomaterial having two-dimensional semiconductor characteristics as an electron transport layer and a method of manufacturing the same.

2D transition metal dichalcogenide has recently attracted a great deal of attention due to its excellent photoelectric properties associated with its two-dimensional confined chemical structure unique to the insulator, direct bandgap semiconductor to metal. The materials provide a fascinating perspective on a variety of advanced applications such as electronics, optics, energy conversion and storage. In particular, the photoelectric conversion in the characteristic photon energy corresponding to the material dependent energy band gap is intrinsically impressive.

Sun kook Kim et. High-mobility and low-power thin-film transistors based on multilayer MoS ₂ crystals. Nature Communications. 3, 1011. 2012. We have reported the properties of molybdenum disulfide (MoS ₂ ) as a channel for transistors.

Also, Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2015-0004606 discloses an uneven structure formed on a base substrate and having a concavo-convex structure on its surface; And a planarization layer formed of MoS ₂ or the like, which is a two-dimensional material, formed on the uneven structure.

As described above, application of a material having a two-dimensional structure such as a two-dimensional transition metal dicalcogenide to an optical device has become a hot topic, but so far there has been no application of this material to an organic solar cell.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0004606

Sun kook Kim et. High-mobility and low-power thin-film transistors based on multilayer MoS2 crystals. Nature Communications. 3, 1011. 2012.

An object of the present invention is to provide an organic solar cell using a two-dimensional transition metal dicalcogenide and a method for producing the same.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an organic solar cell to which a two-dimensional transition metal dicalcogenide and an induced dipole polymer are applied together, and a method for manufacturing the same.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing an organic solar cell using a two-dimensional transition metal decanosinide comparatively easily and economically.

The object of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned object. The object of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description, which will be realized by means of the appended claims and their combinations.

An organic solar battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first electrode; A second electrode facing the first electrode; And at least one intermediate layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein at least one of the intermediate layers includes a 2D transition metal dichalcogenide.

The intermediate layer may include an electron transporting layer, and the electron transporting layer may include the two-dimensional transition metal decanoside.

The electron transporting layer may have a thickness of 2 nm to 15 nm.

The two-dimensional transition metal decalcineride may be selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide (MoS ₂ ), molybdenum diselenide (MoSe ₂ ), tungsten diselenide (WSe ₂ ), molybdenum ditelluride, MoTe ₂ ), tin diselenide (SnSe ₂ ), and combinations thereof.

The particle diameter of the two-dimensional transition metal decalcineride may be 100 nm to 200 nm.

The organic solar cell has a structure in which a first electrode, a surface modification layer, an electron transporting layer, a photoactive layer, a hole transporting layer, and a second electrode are laminated, and the surface modification layer is formed of polyethyleneimine (PEI), ethoxylated polyethyleneimine polyethyleneimine-ethoxylated, PEIE), and combinations thereof, and the electron transport layer may include the two-dimensional transition metal dicaloginide.

A method of manufacturing an organic solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: providing a first electrode; Forming a surface modification layer on the first electrode; Forming an electron transport layer including a two-dimensional transition metal decanoside on the surface modification layer; Forming a photoactive layer on the electron transporting layer; Forming a hole transport layer on the photoactive layer; And providing a second electrode on the hole transport layer, wherein forming the electron transport layer comprises: providing the two-dimensional transition metal decal substrate; Providing a two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide solution on the surface modification layer; And heat treating the two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide solution.

The step of providing the two-dimensional transition metal dicaloguanide comprises the steps of: preparing a bulk powder of a transition metal dicaloginide; Introducing the bulk powder into a solvent to obtain a dispersion; Subjecting the dispersion to ultrasonic treatment to peel off the two-dimensional transition metal decanoside from the bulk powder; Centrifuging the dispersion to obtain an upper layer solution in which the bulk powder is not precipitated; And drying the upper layer solution to obtain a nanopowder of a two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide.

The solvent may be a solvent containing lithium.

The step of providing the two-dimensional transition metal decalogenide solution may be performed by a spin coating method.

The spin coating may be performed at a temperature of 2,000 RPM to 6,000 RPM for 30 seconds to 5 minutes.

The step of heat-treating the two-dimensional transition metal decahydrocyanide solution may be performed at 100 ° C to 140 ° C and 5 minutes to 10 minutes under atmospheric conditions.

According to the present invention, since the electron transport layer is formed using the two-dimensional transition metal decanoside having excellent electron mobility, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the organic solar battery can be greatly improved.

According to the present invention, since an electron transport layer composed of a two-dimensional transition metal decanoside is formed on a surface-modifiable layer made of an induction dipole polymer, the work function is lowered compared with the case where only the surface modification layer is present on the electrode, The electron transporting ability can be remarkably improved.

According to the present invention, a two-dimensional transition metal decanoside is obtained through a liquid phase stripping method and spin-coated to form an electron transport layer, so that an organic solar cell can be mass-produced in an extremely easy and economical manner.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above. It should be understood that the effects of the present invention include all reasonably possible effects in the following description.

1 is a schematic diagram of an organic solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2A to 2C are schematic flowcharts of a method of manufacturing an organic solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing current density-voltage curves (JV curves) between voltage and current density of organic solar cells according to Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. The embodiments of the present invention can be modified into various forms as long as the gist of the invention is not changed. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

Like reference numerals are used for like elements in describing each drawing. In the accompanying drawings, the dimensions of the structures are shown enlarged from the actual for the sake of clarity of the present invention. The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

In the present application, the terms "comprises" or "having" and the like are used to specify that there is a feature, a number, a step, an operation, an element, a component or a combination thereof described in the specification, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Also, where a portion such as a layer, film, region, plate, or the like is referred to as being "on" another portion, this includes not only the case where it is "directly on" another portion, but also the case where there is another portion in between. On the contrary, when a part such as a layer, film, region, plate or the like is referred to as being "under" another part, it includes not only the case where it is "directly underneath" another part but also another part in the middle.

1 is a schematic diagram of an organic solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, an organic solar battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first electrode 10, a second electrode 20 opposed to the first electrode 10, ) And the second electrode (20), and at least one layer of the intermediate layer (30) includes a two-dimensional transition metal dicalcium azide.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode 10 is a cathode and the second electrode 20 is a cathode. In another embodiment, the first electrode 10 is an anode and the second electrode 20 is a cathode. For convenience of explanation, the organic solar battery in which the first electrode 10 is a cathode and the second electrode 20 is a cathode will be described in detail. Those skilled in the art will be able to clearly understand the relationship between these and other components even when the poles of the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 20 change.

1, the intermediate layer 30 includes a surface modification layer 31, an electron transport layer 32, a photoactive layer 33, and a hole transport layer 34 from the first electrode 10, The transport layer 32 comprises the two-dimensional transition metal dicaloginide.

The first electrode 10 may be a transparent electrode formed on the light transmitting substrate 40.

The light-transmitting substrate 40 may include a glass substrate; Or a resin substrate having high light transmittance such as polyethyleneterephthalate, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate, polyimide and the like.

The first electrode 10 may be formed of a metal oxide such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), FTO (Fluoride-doped Tin Oxide), ZnO (Zinc Oxide), IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), or AZO It may be a transparent electrode.

The second electrode 20 is formed of a metal such as aluminum (Al), gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), carbon (C), carbon nanotube, Electrode.

The surface modification layer 31 is disposed on the first electrode 10 and has a work function lowered to replace the first electrode 10 with a cathode, thereby improving the stability of the device. The surface modification layer 31 includes an inductively coupled dipole polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethyleneimine (PEI), polyethyleneimine-ethoxylated (PEIE), and combinations thereof.

The electron transport layer 32 transmits electrons such that electrons formed in the photoactive layer 33 can be collected by the first electrode 10. The present invention is characterized in that the electron transport layer (32) is formed of a two-dimensional transition metal decalcene nitride.

The two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide is a material having a band gap of TMDs (transition metal dichalcogenides) series. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS ₂ ), molybdenum diselenide (MoSe ₂ ), selenide tungsten Tungsten Diselenide, WSe ₂ ), Molybdenum Ditelluride (MoTe ₂ ), Tin Diselenide (SnSe ₂ ), and combinations thereof, and preferably molybdenum disulfide (MoS ₂ ).

The two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide is a material having a layered structure, and molybdenum disulfide (MoS ₂ ), which is a representative material, has a hexagonal two-dimensional layer structure in which Mo sheet and S sheet are alternately stacked. Each layer is weakly bonded to Van der Waals force. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS ₂ ) is an indirect transition type semiconductor material having a band gap of about 1.2 eV. When the thickness is reduced, the band gap is shifted to a direct transition semiconductor having a band gap of about 1.8 eV. Among them, molybdenum disulfide (MoS ₂ ) in a single layer has attracted much attention because it has a structure similar to graphene. The major reason is that graphene itself has no energy bandgap and therefore has limitations in its use as a substrate. However, molybdenum disulfide (MoS ₂ ) is a direct-current material that complements the limitations of graphene in field effect transistors This is because the semiconductor becomes a hetero semiconductor.

The present invention is characterized in that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is remarkably improved by increasing the electron mobility attributable to the two-dimensional source by applying the two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide to the electron transport layer (32) of the organic solar battery.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that an electron transport layer 32 made of a two-dimensional transition metal decalcene nitride is formed on a surface modifying layer 31 made of an induced dipole polymer to lower the work function than when only the surface modifying layer 31 is provided. . Therefore, the organic solar cell according to the present invention exhibits a further improved electron transporting ability.

The photoactive layer 33 is made of an electron donor (D) material and an electron acceptor (A) material. The photoactive layer 33 separates an exciton generated from the electron donor material into electrons and holes And serves as a photoelectric conversion layer for generating current.

The electron-donating material of the photoactive layer 33 may be appropriately selected from a polymeric organic semiconductor compound or a low-molecular organic semiconductor compound, regardless of each other. The polymeric organic semiconductor compound may be selected from the group consisting of P3HT (poly (3-hexylthiophene)), PCPDTBT (poly [2,6- (4,4-bis- (2-ethylhexyl) -4H- -bis dithiophene) -tallow-4,7- (2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)], PCDTBT (poly [N-9 "-heptadecanyl- -9-hexyl-fluorene) -, 7'-di-2-thienyl-2 ', 1', 3'-benzothiadiazole)], PFDTBT (poly (2,7- 2-methoxy-5- (2'-ethyl-2 ', 1', 3'-benzothiadiazole)), MEHPPV (poly- hexyloxy) -1,4-phenylene vinylene] or MDMO-PPV (poly [2-methoxy-5- (3,7-dimethyloctyloxy) -1,4-phenylene vinylene]). The low molecular weight organic semiconductor compound may be selected from the group consisting of CuPc (copper phthalocyanine), ZnPc (zinc phthalocyanine), PtOEP ((2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethyl-21H, 23Hporphyrin) platinum . However, the organic semiconductor compound is not limited thereto.

(6,6) -phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester) or PC70BM ((6,6) -phenyl-C60-butyric acid methyl ester) designed to dissolve fullerene or fullerene in an organic solvent may be used as the electron acceptor material of the photoactive layer 33. [ , 6) -phenyl-C70-butyric acid methyl ester, and the other monomers are perylene, polybenzimidazole (PBI) and 3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic bis- benzimidazole) and the like can be used. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

The hole transport layer 34 transmits the holes formed in the photoactive layer 33 to the second electrode 20. The hole transport layer 34 may include a material selected from poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT: PSS), molybdenum oxide (MoO ₃ ), and combinations thereof.

2A to 2C are schematic flowcharts of a method of manufacturing an organic solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2A, a method of fabricating an organic solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes providing a first electrode 10, a surface modification layer 31 on the first electrode 10, A step S3 of forming an electron transport layer 32 containing a two-dimensional transition metal decanoside on the surface modification layer 31, a step S3 of forming a photoactive layer (not shown) on the electron transport layer 32, A step S5 of forming a hole transport layer 34 on the photoactive layer 33 and a step of providing a second electrode 20 on the hole transport layer 34 S6).

For the sake of simplicity, detailed description of each constituent element of the organic solar battery has been described above, so that the following description will be omitted in order to avoid redundancy. Therefore, it is understood that the constitution which is not described below is the same as the corresponding structure in the description of the organic solar battery according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention should be grasped.

The step S2 of forming the surface modification layer 31 on the first electrode 10 may be performed using polyethyleneimine (PEI), polyethyleneimine-ethoxylated (PEIE), or a combination thereof And dispersing the inducted dipole polymer in a predetermined solvent, followed by coating by a conventional method such as spin coating.

Referring to FIG. 2B, step S3 of forming an electron transport layer 32 on the surface modification layer 31 may include providing a two-dimensional transition metal decalin seed layer S31, (S32) a step of providing a two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide solution in the step (S32), and a step (S33) of heat-treating the two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide solution.

Referring to FIG. 2C, the step (S31) of providing the two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide comprises the steps of preparing a bulk powder of a transition metal decanoside (S311), introducing the bulk powder into a solvent to obtain a dispersion S312), a step (S313) of separating the two-dimensional transition metal decanoside from the bulk powder by ultrasonication to the dispersion, a step (S314) of obtaining an upper layer solution in which the bulk powder is not precipitated by centrifuging the dispersion, And drying the upper layer solution to obtain a nanopowder of a two-dimensional transition metal decanoside (S315).

As shown in FIG. 2C, the present invention provides a two-dimensional transition metal decanoside through a liquid phase stripping method. Unlike the conventional method of preparing a two-dimensional transition metal decanoside by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) Simple, and economical.

The present invention separates the transition metal decanoside through lithium insertion to obtain a two-dimensional transition metal decanoside. Specifically, first, a bulk powder of the transition metal decanoside is introduced into a solvent containing lithium such as n-butyl lithium to prepare a dispersion of the bulk powder.

The dispersion is ultrasonicated for 1 to 2 hours to separate the two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide from the bulk powder.

Thereafter, the dispersion is centrifuged to separate the lower layer solution into which the bulk powder has not been separated and the upper layer solution into which the bulk powder has not been precipitated, and then only the upper layer solution is taken. Thereafter, the upper layer solution is dried to obtain a nano powder of the two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide.

The particle size of the nanopowder of the two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide is about 100 nm to 200 nm.

The step (S32) of providing the two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide solution on the surface modification layer 31 may be performed by dispersing the nano powder of the two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide prepared as described above in a predetermined solvent, It is done by law.

Specifically, the spin coating method is performed under the conditions of 2,000RPM to 6,000RPM, specifically, 2,000RPM to 5,000RPM, more specifically, 3,000RPM to 5,000RPM and 30 seconds to 5 minutes. The thickness of the electron transporting layer depends on the conditions of the spin coating process. When the thickness of the electron transporting layer is in the above range, the thickness of the electron transporting layer is about 2 nm to 15 nm, Can be obtained.

The step (S33) of heat-treating the two-dimensional transition metal dicarcogenide solution comprises heat-treating the two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide solution coated on the surface-modifying layer at 100 ° C to 140 ° C for 5 minutes to 10 minutes under atmospheric conditions The electron transport layer 32 may be formed. The two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide peeled off through lithium insertion is a metal state of a 1T structure unlike the semiconductor material of the 2H structure, so that heat treatment is performed in the above-described conditions to impart the properties of the semiconductor.

Step (S4) of forming the optically active layer 33 on the electron transport layer 32 is P3HT: by dispersing a material such as PC ₇₀ BM in a predetermined _{solvent: PC 60 BM, PTB7: PC} 70 BM, PTB7-th A spin coating method, and the like.

The step S5 of forming the hole transport layer 34 on the photoactive layer 33 may be performed using poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT: PSS), molybdenum oxide (MoO ₃ ) The method may include thermal evaporation of a material selected from a combination of the above.

The step S6 of providing the second electrode on the hole transport layer 34 may include the steps of providing a second electrode on the hole transport layer 34 using a metal such as Al, Au, Ag, Cu, C, nanotube, a conductive polymer, and the like.

When an organic solar cell is irradiated with light, an exciton coupled with a coulomb's force is formed. The exciton is diffused to the interface between the electron injection layer of the photoactive layer and the electron acceptor, and the exciton which has been bonded at the interface is separated. The separated electrons and holes are collected as a first electrode and a second electrode, respectively, to generate a current.

The present invention relates to an organic solar cell including a two-dimensional transition metal decanoside, which is a nanomaterial having two-dimensional semiconductor characteristics, as an electron transport layer. Since the electron mobility of the two-dimensional transition metal dicalcogenide is extremely excellent, electrons emitted from the photoactive layer can be effectively transferred to the first electrode, and thus the current density is remarkably higher than that of the organic solar cell having only the surface- High organic solar cells. The improvement of the current density consequently contributes to the increase of the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the organic solar battery.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific examples. However, these examples are for illustrating the present invention and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1

(1) Preparation of two-dimensional transition metal dicaloguanide

5 g of MoO ₂ The bulk powder was added to hexane as a solvent containing 40 mL of lithium to obtain a dispersion. The dispersion was sonicated in an ice reaction tank under the conditions of 50% amplitude, 10-s on-pulse and 5-s off-pulse for about 60 minutes using a sonicator to peel off the bulk powder. The dispersion was allowed to stand for about 24 hours, and then the upper layer solution was transferred and centrifuged at about 1,500 RPM for about 45 seconds to remove non-peeled bulk powder.

Thereafter, the upper layer solution (the upper layer solution transferred after being left standing and the upper layer solution from which the unbranched bulk powder was removed) was dried at 50 DEG C for 48 hours to obtain a two-dimensional structure MoO₂ Nano powder was obtained.

(2) Production of organic solar cell

The glass substrate patterned with ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) was cleaned with isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, acetone and isopropyl alcohol in the order of 20 minutes each using an ultrasonic cleaner , And the surface of the ITO was modified to be hydrophilic by releasing a high-density plasma on the ITO with an inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching equipment (ICP-RIE).

Ethoxyethylenediamine (PEIE) was mixed with 2-methoxyethanol in a weight ratio of 0.08: 24, spin-coated on the ITO at 4,000 RPM, and heat-treated at about 110 캜 for about 10 minutes A surface modification layer having a thickness of 10 nm was formed.

The two-dimensional structure MoO ₂ The nano powder was mixed with ethanol at a weight ratio of 0.4: 1, spin-coated on the surface-modified layer at about 2,000 RPM for about 40 seconds, and heat-treated at about 120 ° C for about 10 minutes to form an electron transport layer having a thickness of 15 nm .

P3HT: PC ₆₀ BM was mixed with ethanol at a weight ratio of 0.4: 1, spin-coated on the electron transport layer at about 4,000 RPM, and dried in a nitrogen atmosphere for about 30 minutes to form a photoactive layer having a thickness of 150 nm.

Molybdenum oxide (MoO ₃ ) was thermally deposited on the photoactive layer at ₃ V and 25 A in a thermal evaporation apparatus to form a hole transport layer having a thickness of about 10 nm. Then, silver (Ag) was thermally deposited on the hole transport layer at 4V and 40A in a thermal evaporation apparatus to form a second electrode having a thickness of about 80 nm.

Example 2

In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the electron transport layer was changed to about 10 nm by changing the spin coating condition to about 3,000 RPM and about 40 seconds in forming the electron transport layer, A battery was prepared.

Example 3

In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the electron transport layer was formed by changing the spin coating conditions to about 4,000 RPM and about 40 seconds so that the electron transport layer had a thickness of about 7 nm, A battery was prepared.

Example 4

In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the electron transport layer was formed to a thickness of about 4 nm by changing the spin coating conditions to about 5,000 RPM and about 40 seconds, A battery was prepared.

Example 5

The electron transport layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the electron transport layer was changed to about 2 nm by changing the spin coating conditions to about 6,000 RPM and about 40 seconds. A battery was prepared.

Comparative Example

An organic solar cell was prepared by the same constitution and method as in Example 1 except that the electron transport layer was not formed.

Experimental Example : Characteristics of Organic Solar Cells

The open-circuit voltage (Voc), the short-circuit current (Jsc), the fill factor (FF) and the open circuit voltage of the organic solar battery according to Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example The power conversion efficiency (PCE) was measured. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

FIG. 3 shows the current density-voltage curve (J-V curve) between the voltage and current density of each organic solar cell.

division Voc [V] Jsc [mA / cm2] FF [%] PCE [%] Comparative Example 0.613 7.887 0.491 2.376 Example 1 0.651 8.183 64.7 3.447 Example 2 0.654 8.183 66.9 3.578 Example 3 0.652 8.302 66.8 3.615 Example 4 0.650 8.179 65.8 3.500 Example 5 0.638 8.246 57.8 3.043

Referring to Table 1, it can be confirmed that the organic solar cells of Examples 1 to 5 including the two-dimensional transition metal decalinogen as an electron transport layer are superior to the organic solar cells of Comparative Examples in all respects.

In addition, it was confirmed that the photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of the organic solar cell was different depending on the thickness of the electron transport layer (depending on the spin coating condition). In the case of Example 3 in which spin coating was performed under conditions of 4,000 RPM and 40 seconds, The short circuit current density (Jsc) was improved by about 5.2%, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency was improved by about 52% compared with the comparative example.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. Various modifications and improvements of those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention.

10: first electrode 20: second electrode 30: intermediate layer 40:
31: surface modifying layer 32: electron transporting layer 33: photoactive layer
34: hole transport layer

Claims (14)

A first electrode; A second electrode facing the first electrode; And at least one intermediate layer provided between the first electrode and the second electrode,
Wherein at least one of the intermediate layers comprises a 2D transition metal dichalcogenide.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the intermediate layer comprises an electron transporting layer,
Wherein the electron transport layer comprises the two-dimensional transition metal decanoside.
3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the electron transporting layer has a thickness of 2 nm to 15 nm.
The method according to claim 1,
The two-dimensional transition metal decalcineride may be selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide (MoS ₂ ), molybdenum diselenide (MoSe ₂ ), tungsten diselenide (WSe ₂ ), molybdenum ditelluride, MoTe ₂ ), tin diselenide (SnSe ₂ ), and combinations thereof.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the two-dimensional transition metal decalcene nitride has a particle diameter of 100 nm to 200 nm.
The method according to claim 1,
A structure in which a first electrode, a surface modification layer, an electron transport layer, a photoactive layer, a hole transport layer, and a second electrode are laminated,
Wherein the surface modification layer comprises an inductively coupled dipole polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethyleneimine (PEI), polyethyleneimine-ethoxylated (PEIE), and combinations thereof,
Wherein the electron transport layer comprises the two-dimensional transition metal decanoside.
Providing a first electrode;
Forming a surface modification layer on the first electrode;
Forming an electron transport layer including a two-dimensional transition metal decanoside on the surface modification layer;
Forming a photoactive layer on the electron transporting layer;
Forming a hole transport layer on the photoactive layer; And
And providing a second electrode on the hole transport layer,
The step of forming the electron transport layer
Providing said two-dimensional transition metal dicaloginide;
Providing a two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide solution on the surface modification layer; And
And heat treating the two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide solution.
8. The method of claim 7,
The two-dimensional transition metal decalcineride may be selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide (MoS ₂ ), molybdenum diselenide (MoSe ₂ ), tungsten diselenide (WSe ₂ ), molybdenum ditelluride, MoTe ₂ ), tin diselenide (SnSe ₂ ), and combinations thereof.
8. The method of claim 7,
The step of providing the two-dimensional transition metal dicaloguanide
Preparing a bulk powder of transition metal dicalcogenide;
Introducing the bulk powder into a solvent to obtain a dispersion;
Subjecting the dispersion to ultrasonic treatment to peel off the two-dimensional transition metal decanoside from the bulk powder;
Centrifuging the dispersion to obtain an upper layer solution in which the bulk powder is not precipitated; And
And drying the upper layer solution to obtain a nano powder of a two-dimensional transition metal decalcineride.
10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the solvent is a lithium-containing solvent.
10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the nano powder of the two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide has a particle diameter of 100 nm to 200 nm.
8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the step of providing the two-dimensional transition metal dicalcogenide solution is carried out by a spin coating method.
13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein the spin coating process is performed under the conditions of 2,000 RPM to 6,000 RPM and 30 seconds to 5 minutes.
8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the step of heat-treating the two-dimensional transition metal decalcogenide solution is performed under an atmosphere of 100 占 폚 to 140 占 폚 for 5 minutes to 10 minutes.

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