KR20190015860A - The algorithm of tracking optimal position for achieving high efficiency on wireless charging system - Google Patents

The algorithm of tracking optimal position for achieving high efficiency on wireless charging system Download PDF

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KR20190015860A
KR20190015860A KR1020170099579A KR20170099579A KR20190015860A KR 20190015860 A KR20190015860 A KR 20190015860A KR 1020170099579 A KR1020170099579 A KR 1020170099579A KR 20170099579 A KR20170099579 A KR 20170099579A KR 20190015860 A KR20190015860 A KR 20190015860A
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charging
pad
parking
vehicle
resonance frequency
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KR1020170099579A
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Korean (ko)
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김규동
이수연
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르노삼성자동차 주식회사
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/38—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/305—Communication interfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/36—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • B60L53/665—Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/06—Automatic manoeuvring for parking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y02T90/122—
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for inducing parking for wireless charging of an electric vehicle. Disclosed are contents, in which a small signal is transferred through a charge Tx pad to a charge Rx pad prior to actual wireless charging, before transferring high power, and parking is induced while it is determined whether detected resonance frequency has entered a predetermined resonance frequency range, so an EV can be parked in a position in which the charging efficiency can be obtained in a charging station area, and high power transmission is not performed when the vehicle is moving. When the method is applied to an autonomous parking system, the method would be technically more beneficial.

Description

고효율 무선 충전 시스템을 위한 최적 위치 추적 알고리즘{THE ALGORITHM OF TRACKING OPTIMAL POSITION FOR ACHIEVING HIGH EFFICIENCY ON WIRELESS CHARGING SYSTEM}TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to an optimal position tracking algorithm for a high-efficiency wireless charging system,

본 발명은 전기 자동차 기술에 관하며, 특히 차량에 설치된 배터리를 무선 충전하는 시스템에 관한다.The present invention relates to electric vehicle technology, and more particularly, to a system for wirelessly charging a battery installed in a vehicle.

전기 자동차는 외부 소스들로부터 배터리를 충전한다. 충전용 AC 전원 혹은 가정용 전원 등을 통해서 충전하는 방식의 유선 충전 접속이 알려져 있다. 전력 공급 장치에 물리적으로 접속되는 케이블과 커넥터가 있어야 하며, 때때로 불편하다. 이를 대체하기 위해서 무선 충전 시스템이 알려졌다. 충전 스테이션에 미리 정해진 위치에 주차함으로써 무선 충전이 가능한 환경을 만든다. 이때 충전 스테이션의 충전 패드(Tx)와 차량의 충전 패드(Rx)의 위치를 정합할 필요가 있다. The electric vehicle charges the battery from external sources. A rechargeable AC power source, or a household power source. There must be cables and connectors physically connected to the power supply, which is sometimes inconvenient. A wireless charging system is known to replace this. The charging station is parked at a predetermined location to create a wireless charging environment. At this time, it is necessary to match the positions of the charging pad (Tx) of the charging station and the charging pad (Rx) of the vehicle.

이러한 무선 충전 기술에 관해서 다양한 선행기술이 제안되었으며, 활발하게 연구되고 분석되며 토론되고 있다. 예컨대 대한민국 특허 제1364180호는 전기 자동차의 무선 급전을 위한 장치를 제안한다(특허문헌 1). 특허문헌 1은 급전코어와 집전코어 사이의 공극을 최소화(제로 공극) 함으로써 자기 저항을 최소화하여 전력전달의 효율을 극대화하는 기술을 개시했다. 고주파 인버터와 레귤레이터를 사용하지 않고 60Hz의 상용 주파수 전원만을 이용하여 균일한 전력전달을 하겠다는 것이며, 이를 위해서 급전 코일과 집전 코일의 설계를 새롭게 변경해야 하는 단점이 있다.Various prior arts have been proposed and are being actively researched, analyzed and discussed with respect to such wireless charging techniques. For example, Korean Patent No. 1364180 proposes a device for supplying electric power to an electric vehicle (Patent Document 1). Patent Document 1 discloses a technique of minimizing magnetic resistance by minimizing the gap between the power feeding core and the power collecting core (zero void), thereby maximizing the efficiency of power transmission. It is intended to achieve uniform power transmission using only a commercial frequency power source of 60 Hz without using a high frequency inverter and a regulator. For this, there is a disadvantage that a design of a power supply coil and a current collecting coil must be newly changed.

국제공개공보 WO2014/008300호는 충전 스테이션과 페어링된 차량 사이의 무선 충전 기술을 제안한다(특허문헌 2). 특허문헌 2는 차량과 충전 스테이션 사이의 통신을 통한 식별을 중점적으로 개시하고 있는데, 무선 충전을 실행하기 위해서 페어링된 충전 스테이션과 차량의 충전 유닛들의 위치 정합성에 대해서는 막연하게만 기술되어 있다.International Publication No. WO2014 / 008300 proposes a wireless charging technique between a charging station and a paired vehicle (Patent Document 2). Patent Document 2 focuses on identification through communication between a vehicle and a charging station. However, the positional matching of the charging stations and the charging units of the vehicle, which are paired to perform the wireless charging, is vaguely described.

특허문헌 1의 기술을 이용하든, 특허문헌 2의 기술을 이용하든, 혹은 다른 공지의 혹은 새롭게 개발될 무선 충전기술을 이용하든, 차량을 운전하는 사용자는 자신의 차량을 운전하면서 무선 충전에 알맞은 위치로 주차해야 해야 한다. 충전 스테이션의 관점에서 적어도 알맞은 위치는 미리 알 수 있다. 그렇다면 어떻게 하면 운전자로 하여금 그 위치로 주차할 수 있도록 안내하고 유도할 것인지, 그것이 중요한 문제라 하겠다. 이는 충전 효율에 관련되기도 하고, 안전의 문제이기도 하다.Whether using the technique of Patent Document 1, the technique of Patent Document 2, or other known or newly developed wireless charging technology, the user who drives the vehicle can operate the vehicle at a position suitable for wireless charging . At least a suitable location in terms of the charging station can be known in advance. If so, how important it is to guide and guide the driver to park at that location. This is related to the efficiency of the charge and is also a matter of safety.

따라서 본 발명의 발명자들은 위와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해서 오랫동안 연구하고 개발한 끝에 본 발명을 완성하기에 이르렀다. Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have studied and developed for a long time in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and finally completed the present invention.

본 발명의 목적은 운전자로 하여금 최적의 효율을 만들어내는 충전 Tx 패드와 Rx 패드의 위치를 판별할 수 있도록 주차 유도를 하는 방법을 제공하는 것이다. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of parking induction in which a driver can determine the positions of a charging Tx pad and an Rx pad that produce optimum efficiency.

또한, 본 발명의 다른 목적은 주차 유도를 함에 있어 가능한 빠른 시간 안에 주차 유도가 지시되도록 함에 있다. 이때 본 발명은 충전 스테이션에서 차량으로의 전력전송을 이용한다. Another object of the present invention is to induce parking induction as quickly as possible in order to induce parking. The present invention then utilizes power transmission from the charging station to the vehicle.

그러나 본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 주행 중 혹은 주차를 하는 도중에 대전력 전송이 이루어지지 않도록(-위험하기 때문에), 주차 유도를 위한 전력전송을 통제하는 것이다. Yet another object of the present invention is to control power transmission for parking induction so that high power transmission is not (or is dangerous) while driving or during parking.

한편, 본 발명의 명시되지 않은 또 다른 목적들은 하기의 상세한 설명 및 그 효과로부터 용이하게 추론할 수 있는 범위 내에서 추가적으로 고려될 것이다.On the other hand, other unspecified purposes of the present invention will be further considered within the scope of the following detailed description and easily deduced from the effects thereof.

이와 같은 과제를 달성하기 위하여 본 발명은 전기 자동차의 무선 충전을 위한 주차 유도 방법으로서:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a parking induction method for wireless charging of an electric vehicle,

충전 스테이션 영역 내에 진입한 차량의 위치가 변화하면, 충전 스테이션 장치가 충전 Tx 패드를 통해서 미리 설정된 시그널 전력전송을 실시하고,When the position of the vehicle entering the charging station area changes, the charging station device performs a predetermined signal power transmission through the charging Tx pad,

차량측 충전 장치가 충전 Rx 패드를 통해 수신된 상기 시그널을 감지해서 공진주파수를 계산하고, The vehicle side charging device senses the signal received through the charging Rx pad to calculate the resonance frequency,

계산된 공진주파수가 미리 설정된 공진 주파수 범위 내로 진입된다면 주차 유도를 종료하고, 계산된 공진주파수가 미리 설정된 공진주파수 범위 내로 진입하지 않는다면 주차 유도를 계속 실시하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하며,And terminating the parking induction if the calculated resonance frequency is within the preset resonance frequency range and continuing the parking induction if the calculated resonance frequency does not fall within the preset resonance frequency range,

주차 유도가 완료되고, 상기 충전 Tx 패드와 상기 Rx 패드의 위치 관계가 결정된 후에 상기 충전 스테이션 장치로부터 상기 차량측 충전 장치로 대전력 전송을 실시한다.After the parking induction is completed and the positional relationship between the charging Tx pad and the Rx pad is determined, a large power transfer is performed from the charging station device to the vehicle side charging device.

본 발명의 바람직한 어느 실시예에 따른 전기 자동차의 무선 충전을 위한 주차 유도 방법에 있어서, 상기 주차 유도를 계속 실시하는 단계는, 차량의 위치 이동에 관한 데이터를 차량의 HMI(Human Machine Interface)에 전송하여 주차 유도를 실시하는 것이 좋다. In the parking induction method for wireless charging of an electric vehicle according to any one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the step of continuing the parking induction includes transmitting data relating to the movement of the vehicle to a human machine interface (HMI) It is preferable to perform parking induction.

이러한 본 발명의 원리에 의해서 전기 자동차를 충전 스테이션에서 무선 충전을 하기 전에, 고효율의 위치 범위 내에 차량을 주차할 수 있도록 유도함으로써, 무선 충전을 위한 최초의 예비 단계에서부터 충전 효율을 높일 수 있는 효과가 있다. 이런 효과는 본 발명에 의해 경제적이며 신속한 방법에 의해 구현되었다. 전기자동차의 자율 주행 주차에 따른 무선 충전인 경우에 더욱 이로울 것이다. 또한, 주행 중이거나 주차 중에 대전력 전송을 하면 위험할 터인데, 본 발명은 대전력 전송을 하기 전에 고주파 미소전류 신호를 활용해서 대전력 전송을 위한 최적의 위치를 결정하기 때문에 안전성에도 장점이 있다.According to the principle of the present invention, it is possible to park the vehicle within a highly efficient position range before wirelessly charging the electric vehicle at the charging station, thereby increasing the charging efficiency from the initial preliminary step for wireless charging have. This effect has been realized by the present invention in an economical and rapid manner. It is more advantageous in the case of wireless charging according to autonomous parking of an electric vehicle. In addition, since it is dangerous to perform large power transmission during driving or during parking, the present invention has an advantage in safety because it determines an optimum position for large power transmission utilizing a high frequency microcurrent signal before a large power transmission.

한편, 여기에서 명시적으로 언급되지 않은 효과라 하더라도, 본 발명의 기술적 특징에 의해 기대되는 이하의 명세서에서 기재된 효과 및 그 잠정적인 효과는 본 발명의 명세서에 기재된 것과 같이 취급됨을 첨언한다.On the other hand, even if the effects are not explicitly mentioned here, the effect described in the following specification, which is expected by the technical features of the present invention, and its potential effects are treated as described in the specification of the present invention.

도 1은 본 발명이 주차 유도 시스템의 개념적인 구성을 나타내는 도면이다.
도 2는 본 발명의 바람직한 어느 실시예에 따른 구성의 다이어그램을 개략적으로 나타내었다.
도 3은 본 발명의 바람직한 어느 실시예에 따른 전체 프로세스를 개략적으로 나타낸 도면이다. .
※ 첨부된 도면은 본 발명의 기술사상에 대한 이해를 위하여 참조로서 예시된 것임을 밝히며, 그것에 의해 본 발명의 권리범위가 제한되지는 아니한다.1 is a diagram showing a conceptual configuration of a parking guidance system according to the present invention.
Figure 2 schematically shows a diagram of a configuration according to some preferred embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a schematic representation of an overall process according to any of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. .
* The accompanying drawings illustrate examples of the present invention in order to facilitate understanding of the technical idea of the present invention, and thus the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

이제 도면을 참조하여 본 발명을 설명한다. 본 발명을 설명함에 있어서 관련된 공지기능에 대하여 이 분야의 기술자에게 자명한 사항으로서 본 발명의 요지를 불필요하게 흐릴 수 있다고 판단되는 경우에는 그 상세한 설명을 생략한다.The present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may obscure the subject matter of the present invention.

도 1은 본 발명의 기본정신을 개념적으로 나타낸다. 무선 충전은 충전 스테이션과 전기 자동차(Electric Vehicle: EV)의 관계로 이루어진다. 충전 스테이션은 충전 스테이션 장치(100)와 충전 스테이션 영역(10)으로 구성된다. EV(20)에는 충전 스테이션 장치(100)로부터 대전력을 무선 수신하여 내장된 배터리로 충전 전력을 공급하는 충전 Rx 패드(210)가 있다. 차랑용 무선충전의 경우 Tx 패드(110)와 Rx 패드(210)의 위치나 간격에 의해서 충전 효율에 큰 영향을 미치게 된다. 일차적으로 차량의 이동을 통해서 충전 패드의 위치를 맞추게 되는데 그때 주차 유도가 중요한 기술적 의미를 갖는다.Figure 1 conceptually illustrates the basic spirit of the present invention. Wireless charging is based on the relationship between a charging station and an electric vehicle (EV). The charging station is comprised of a charging station device (100) and a charging station area (10). The EV 20 has a charging Rx pad 210 for receiving large power from the charging station 100 and supplying charging power to the built-in battery. In the case of wireless charging, the charging efficiency is greatly influenced by the positions and intervals of the Tx pad 110 and the Rx pad 210. First, the position of the charging pad is adjusted through the movement of the vehicle, and parking induction has an important technical meaning.

즉, 도 1(a)에 도시된 것처럼, 운전자는 전기 자동차(Electric Vehicle: EV)(20)를 운전해서 충전 스테이션 영역(10)으로 진입해서 주차를 시도한다. 충전 스테이션 장치(100)를 통해서 무선 충전을 하기 위해서는 EV(20)가 무선 충전을 위한 정합 위치(50)에 주차해야 한다. 정합 위치(50)는 충전 스테이션의 충전 Tx 패드(110)와 EV(20)의 충전 Rx 패드(210) 사이의 위치 관계가 최적의 효율 범위로 미리 설정되어 있다. EV(20)의 운전자는 최적의 효율 범위를 알 수 없지만 어쨌든 정합 위치(50)로 차량을 주차해서 도 1(b)와 같은 상태로 만들어야 한다. 그러므로 무선 충전 시스템은 정합 위치에 주차할 수 있도록 주차를 유도해 주는 것이 바람직하다. 종래에는 하드웨어적인 수단을 이용해서 운전자에게 주차를 안내해준다거나, 일단 급전을 한 다음에 임피던스 매칭을 해서 충전 효율을 유지하는 방법 등이 사용되었다. 본 발명에서는 급전장치에서 대전력 전송을 실시하기 전에 소신호 주입(small signal)을 통해서 먼저 최적 효율을 찾아낸다. 그래서 EV(20)의 주행 중에도 공진 주파수 및 임피던스 판별이 가능하고, 운전자에게 최적의 포지셔닝을 하도록 주차 유도를 할 수 있다. 상기 소신호는 Tx 패드(110)에서 주입하여 Rx 패드(210)에서 확인 가능한 전류 레벨을 가지며, 바람직하게 수~수십 mA 정도로 미소전류의 신호이다. That is, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), the driver operates the electric vehicle (EV) 20 to enter the charging station area 10 and attempt parking. In order to perform wireless charging through the charging station device 100, the EV 20 must park at the matching position 50 for wireless charging. The matching position 50 is previously set to the optimum efficiency range of the positional relationship between the charging Tx pad 110 of the charging station and the charging Rx pad 210 of the EV 20. [ The driver of the EV 20 can not know the optimum efficiency range, but the vehicle should be parked at the registration position 50 anyway to make the state as shown in Fig. 1 (b). Therefore, it is desirable that the wireless charging system induce parking so that it can park at the matching position. Conventionally, a method of guiding the driver to the driver by using a hardware means, or a method of maintaining the charging efficiency by performing impedance matching after power feeding has been used. In the present invention, the optimum efficiency is first obtained through a small signal before the large power transmission is performed in the power feeding device. Therefore, the resonance frequency and the impedance can be discriminated even while the EV 20 is running, and the parking induction can be performed so that the driver can perform optimal positioning. The small signal is a signal having a current level that can be confirmed by the Rx pad 210 injected from the Tx pad 110 and is preferably a small current of several to several tens of mA.

도 2는 본 발명의 바람직한 어떤 실시예에 따른 전자적 구성을 개략적으로 나타낸다. 충전 스테이션 장치(100)와 EV 측 충전 장치(200) 사이에서 무선 충전이 행해진다. Figure 2 schematically shows an electronic configuration according to some preferred embodiments of the present invention. Wireless charging is performed between the charging station device 100 and the EV side charging device 200. [

전력계통을 통해 공급되는 AV 전원(1)과 연결되어 있는 충전 스테이션 장치(100)는 AC-DC 컨버터(101)와 DC-AC 인버터(105)를 포함한다. AC-DC 컨버터(101)는 AC 전력을 역률보상회로를 적용해서 DC 전력으로 변환한다. DC-AC 인버터(105)는 DC 전력을 무선 대전력 공급을 위해 AC 전력으로 변환하여 충전 Tx 패드(110)로 전력을 전달한다. 이러한 무선 전력 공급 시스템은 당업자에게 알려진 공지의 구성을 사용할 수 있다. 본 발명에서는 상기 인버터(105)가 충전 Tx 패드(110)로 전력을 전달하는 메커니즘에서, 바람직하게는 충전 Tx 패드(110) 회로의 입력단에, 더욱 바람직하게는 1차 측 전력변환회로에 소신호를 주입해서 충전 Tx 패드(110)의 1차 측 코일을 통해서 2차 측 충전 Rx 패드(210)로 넘기는 것이다. 이때의 소신호는 파워 레벨이 매우 낮은 고주파 미소전류로 설정하는 것이 좋다. The charging station device 100 connected to the AV power supply 1 supplied through the power system includes an AC-DC converter 101 and a DC-AC inverter 105. The AC-DC converter 101 converts AC power into DC power by applying a power factor correction circuit. The DC-AC inverter 105 converts the DC power to AC power for wireless-to-power supply and transfers power to the charging Tx pad 110. Such a wireless power supply system may use a known configuration known to those skilled in the art. In the present invention, in the mechanism that the inverter 105 transfers power to the charging Tx pad 110, it is preferably connected to the input of the charging Tx pad 110 circuit, more preferably to the primary side power conversion circuit, To the secondary side charging Rx pad 210 through the primary side coil of the charging Tx pad 110. The small signal at this time is preferably set to a high-frequency microcurrent having a very low power level.

결과적으로, 인버터(105)의 AC 전력이 충전 Tx 패드(110)를 통해 차량측으로 무선 전달되는 메커니즘은, 두 단계로 실시된다. 먼저 주차 유도를 위한 미리 설정된 소신호 주입, 즉 시그널 전력전송이다. 다음으로 정합 위치 주차가 종료되면 무선 충전을 위한 대전력 전력전송이다. 소신호 주입은 예컨대 EV가 충전 스테이션 영역에 진입한 이후 200ms마다 계속 신호를 주입하는 것이 좋다. 그러면 차량 측에서 최적 주파수 대역인지 판단을 수행한다. As a result, the mechanism by which the AC power of the inverter 105 is transferred to the vehicle side via the charging Tx pad 110 is carried out in two stages. First, a preset small signal injection, i.e., signal power transmission, for parking induction. Next, it is the high power power transmission for wireless charging when the registration position parking is completed. It is preferable that the small signal injection is continuously injected every 200 ms after the EV enters the charging station region, for example. Then, it is determined whether the vehicle is in the optimal frequency band.

도시되어 있지 않으나, 충전 스테이션 장치(100)는 소신호 주입과 시그널 전력전송을 제어하는 제어부와 충전 상태를 표시하는 표시부를 더 포함한다.Although not shown, the charging station apparatus 100 further includes a control unit for controlling small signal injection and signal power transmission, and a display unit for displaying a charging state.

EV 측 충전 장치(200)의 충전 Rx 패드(210)를 통해서 공급되는 충전전력을 정류하는 정류기(220)와 배터리(230)의 구성 및 충전 메커니즘은 공지의 기술이어서 자세한 설명은 생략한다. 본 발명에서는 주차 유도를 위한 시그널 전력전송을 검출해서 해석하는 주차 유도 알고리즘 장치(250)에 대해서 설명한다. The configuration and charging mechanism of the rectifier 220 and the battery 230 that rectify the charging power supplied through the charging Rx pad 210 of the EV side charging apparatus 200 are well known and will not be described in detail. In the present invention, a parking induction algorithm device 250 for detecting and interpreting signal power transmission for parking induction is described.

충전 Rx 패드(210)를 통해서 전달되는 시그널은 공진주파수 검출회로(251)을 통해서 감지된다. 감지된 신호는 대역 필터(Band Pass Filter: BPF)(253)를 거쳐서 마이크로 콘트롤러(254)로 들어간다. 마이크로 콘트롤러(254)는 공진 주파수가 미리 설정한 주파수 범위 내로 진입된 것인지를 계산한다. 이러한 타깃 주파수 범위는 미리 테이블을 만들어 놓는다. 예컨대 위치를 가변하면서 고주파 소신호를 주입한 후 검출된 신호의 주파수를 위치별로 테이블을 만들 수 있다. 미리 설정된 주파수 범위는 설계상으로 설정되고 실험적으로 검증되는 범위이다. 마이크로 콘트롤러(254)의 연산 결과를 바탕으로 EV의 HMI(Human Machine Interface, 25)로 주차 유도에 필요한 데이터를 전달한다. 운전자는 HMI(25)를 통해 안내되는 정보에 따라 정합 위치로 주차를 시도한다. The signal transmitted through the charge Rx pad 210 is sensed through the resonance frequency detection circuit 251. [ The detected signal enters the microcontroller 254 via a band pass filter (BPF) 253. The microcontroller 254 calculates whether the resonance frequency is within the preset frequency range. These target frequency ranges are created in advance. For example, after a high-frequency small signal is injected while varying the position, a table may be created for each frequency of the detected signal. The preset frequency range is the range set by design and verified experimentally. Based on the calculation result of the microcontroller 254, data necessary for parking guidance is transmitted to the HMI (Human Machine Interface) 25 of the EV. The driver tries to park at the matching position according to the information guided through the HMI 25. [

위와 같은 구성을 통해서 다시 한 번 본 발명의 주차 유도 방법을 도 3의 순서도를 통해서 정리해 보자. Through the above configuration, the parking induction method of the present invention will be summarized through the flowchart of FIG.

전술한 것처럼, 충전 스테이션 장치에서 공진유도 방식을 이용한 대전력 전송을 하기 전에 무선 충전의 효율 및 안정성을 위해서 충전 Tx 패드(110)와 충전 Rx 패드(210) 사이의 정합 위치 확정이 필요하다. 이때 EV는 주차를 시도하는 중이며, 충전 스테이션 영역 내에 진입한 EV의 위치가 변화한다(S10).As described above, it is necessary to determine the matching position between the charging Tx pad 110 and the charging Rx pad 210 for the efficiency and stability of wireless charging before performing the large power transmission using the resonance induction method in the charging station device. At this time, the EV is trying to park, and the position of the EV that has entered the charging station area changes (S10).

충전 스테이션 장치는 충전 Tx 패드를 통해서 미리 설정된 시그널 전력전송을 실시하여 차량측 충전 장치의 충전 Rx 패드로 대전력 전송을 실시하기 전에 고주파 미소전류인 소신호를 전달한다(S20).The charging station device transmits a predetermined signal power through the charging Tx pad and transmits a small signal having a high frequency microcurrent before the charging of the charging Rx pad of the vehicle side charging device is performed (S20).

충전 Rx 패드를 통해서 전달된 시그널은 주차 유도 알고리즘 장치의 공진주파수 검출 회로를 통해 감지되어 대역 필터를 통과하고 마이크로 콘트롤러가 그 공진주파수가 미리 설정된 주파수 범위(Target Range) 안에 진입했는지를 계산하여 판단한다(S30, S31). The signal transmitted through the charging Rx pad is sensed through the resonance frequency detection circuit of the parking induction algorithm device and passes through the bandpass filter and the microcontroller calculates and determines whether the resonance frequency has entered a predetermined frequency range (Target Range) (S30, S31).

계산된 공진주파수가 Target Range 범위 내로 진입된다면, 주차 유도를 종료하고(S60), 계산된 공진주파수가 미리 설정된 공진주파수 범위 내로 진입하지 않았다면 주차 유도 프로세스를 계속 진행한다(S50). 이 S50 단계는, 바람직하게는, 정위치 주차에 필요한 위치 이동 데이터를 차량의 HMI에 전송함으로써 주차 유도를 실시한다.If the calculated resonance frequency is within the target range, the parking induction is terminated (S60). If the calculated resonance frequency does not fall within the predetermined resonance frequency range, the parking induction process is continued (S50). The step S50 preferably carries out the parking induction by transmitting the position movement data necessary for correct position parking to the HMI of the vehicle.

상기 S60 단계에 의해서 주차 유도가 완료되면, EV는 멈추고, 충전 스테이션의 충전 Tx 패드와 차량측 충전장치의 Rx 패드의 위치 관계가 결정된 것이며, 그러면 충전 스테이션 장치로부터 차량측 충전 장치로 안전하게 대전력 전송을 실시한다.When the parking induction is completed in step S60, the EV is stopped and the positional relationship between the charging Tx pad of the charging station and the Rx pad of the vehicle side charging device is determined. Then, .

본 발명은 주차 유도 단계에서 무선 충전의 효율을 향상시키고자 하는 기술이다. 주차가 종료된 이후의 무선 충전 효율 향상과, 비접촉 대전력 전송을 실시할 때의 무선 충전 효율 향상은 본 발명의 효과와 병행될 수 있을 것이다. 특히 자율주행 주차 시스템과 연동한다면 그 효과가 더욱 증진되리라 기대한다.The present invention is a technique for improving the efficiency of wireless charging in the parking induction step. The improvement of the wireless charging efficiency after the parking is completed and the improvement of the wireless charging efficiency at the time of performing the noncontact power transmission can be performed in parallel with the effect of the present invention. Especially, it is expected that the effect will be enhanced if it is linked with the autonomous parking system.

본 발명의 보호범위가 이상에서 명시적으로 설명한 실시예의 기재와 표현에 제한되는 것은 아니다. 또한, 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 자명한 변경이나 치환으로 말미암아 본 발명이 보호범위가 제한될 수도 없음을 다시 한 번 첨언한다.The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the description and the expression of the embodiments explicitly described in the foregoing. It is again to be understood that the present invention is not limited by the modifications or substitutions that are obvious to those skilled in the art.

Claims (2)

전기 자동차의 무선 충전을 위한 주차 유도 방법으로서:
충전 스테이션 영역 내에 진입한 차량의 위치가 변화하면, 충전 스테이션 장치가 충전 Tx 패드를 통해서 미리 설정된 시그널 전력전송을 실시하고,
차량측 충전 장치가 충전 Rx 패드를 통해 수신된 상기 시그널을 감지해서 공진주파수를 계산하고,
계산된 공진주파수가 미리 설정된 공진 주파수 범위 내로 진입된다면 주차 유도를 종료하고, 계산된 공진주파수가 미리 설정된 공진주파수 범위 내로 진입하지 않는다면 주차 유도를 계속 실시하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하며,
주차 유도가 완료되고, 상기 충전 Tx 패드와 상기 Rx 패드의 위치 관계가 결정된 후에 상기 충전 스테이션 장치로부터 상기 차량측 충전 장치로 대전력 전송을 실시하는, 전기 자동차의 무선 충전을 위한 주차 유도 방법. A parking induction method for wireless charging of an electric vehicle comprising:
When the position of the vehicle entering the charging station area changes, the charging station device performs a predetermined signal power transmission through the charging Tx pad,
The vehicle side charging device senses the signal received through the charging Rx pad to calculate the resonance frequency,
And terminating the parking induction if the calculated resonance frequency is within the preset resonance frequency range and continuing the parking induction if the calculated resonance frequency does not fall within the preset resonance frequency range,
Wherein the parking guidance is completed and the positional relationship between the charging Tx pad and the Rx pad is determined and a large power transmission is performed from the charging station device to the vehicle side charging device. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 주차 유도를 계속 실시하는 단계는, 차량의 위치 이동에 관한 데이터를 차량의 HMI(Human Machine Interface)에 전송하여 주차 유도를 실시하는 것인, 전기 자동차의 무선 충전을 위한 주차 유도 방법.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the step of continuing the parking induction is to carry out parking guidance by transmitting data relating to the movement of the vehicle to a human machine interface (HMI) of the vehicle.
KR1020170099579A 2017-08-07 2017-08-07 The algorithm of tracking optimal position for achieving high efficiency on wireless charging system KR20190015860A (en)

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