KR20180122054A - Building control method based on load prediction based on building energy efficiency rating - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a building control method based on load prediction linked with a building energy efficiency rating. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the building control method based on load prediction linked with a building energy efficiency rating comprises the steps of: (s10) performing building load calculation; (s20) making the calculated building load coincide with heat quantity supplied by a building energy management system; and (s30) setting the heat quantity (H) supplied by the building energy management system to be smaller than a prediction required amount (R) calculated in an authorized building energy efficiency rating evaluation program in which the heat quantity (H) is supplied by the building energy management system.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a building control method based on load prediction,

The present invention relates to a load control based building control method linked to a building energy efficiency grade, more specifically, to a building that controls energy by predicting changes in the outside environment and controls a building energy driving scenario at a minimum cost And a load control based building control method in connection with the energy efficiency class.

As the depletion of fossil fuels and environmental issues are becoming more and more important, there is increasing interest in technologies to use energy efficiently or to save energy. Particularly in the building sector, which is known to consume large amounts of energy, interest in these energy saving technologies is increasing.

Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2013-0089798 (Prior Art 1) discloses a technique for saving energy in a building field. Referring to the foregoing Prior Art 1, when the energy consumption of the monitored building is compared with the reference energy consumption of the building energy efficiency class, if the energy consumption of the monitored building is larger than the reference energy consumption, , A technique for systematically controlling an energy saving scheme to operate is disclosed.

In this prior art document 1, there is a problem in that the environmental conditions that change in real time can not be reflected by comparing the energy usage of the monitored building with the reference once determined by the energy efficiency level of the building.

For example, in a situation where the energy consumption of a building is inevitably increased due to an abnormally high temperature phenomenon of a certain day, the prior art 1 lowers user's technical reliability by emphasizing energy saving to the user. As another example, the energy consumption of the building is reduced due to the abnormal low temperature phenomenon of a certain day, but the prior art 1 has a problem that it can not provide energy conservation measures to the user even in a situation where the energy saving can be sufficiently large.

The object of the present invention to solve the above problems is to provide a building energy efficiency level certification system in which objective information such as the energy state or residential environment of a building is received and the value of the building is recognized, , The owner of the property, the management entity, and the users of the building. However, the standard for energy saving is expressed only by the energy consumption of the next year compared to the energy consumption of the previous year. , It is necessary to collect and calculate weather information, calculate the building load through the size, structure, and life pattern of the building, and construct the building using these variables. We estimate the hourly heating and cooling demand for each region, There used to derive a solution.

--(수학식1)According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of controlling a building based on a building energy efficiency rating based on load prediction, the method comprising the steps of: A step (s10) of performing a building load calculation by setting variables such as conduction heat, glass window conduction heat, ventilation heat, appliance heat, lighting heat and human body heat as variables; (S20) so that the calculated building load is equal to the calorie supplied by the building energy management system; And the amount of heat supplied by the building energy management system is extracted in a condition for minimizing Equation 1 which is an expected total energy cost of the building energy management system, (S30), the estimated total energy cost of the building energy management system being set to be smaller than the predicted demand amount (R) calculated by the building energy efficiency grade evaluation program,

- (1)

(1), and the calorie (H) supplied by the building energy management system is calculated by Equations (2) and (3)

------------(수학식 2)

- (2)

---------------------(수학식 3)

- " (3) "

는 건물에너지 관리시스템이 공급하여야 하는 열량의 총합이고, 수학식 3에서, R은 건물에너지 효율등급 평가프로그램으로부터 산출되는 예측 요구량이다.In Equation 1, E _cost (m) is the total energy cost for one day supplied by the building energy management system, and H (k, ns, m) is the energy cost of each device (ns) (K, ns, m) represents the energy consumption of each device required to supply the required calorie, and B (k, ns, m) represents the performance of the device according to the operating conditions , Γ (k, ns, m) represents the performance of the equipment according to the ambient conditions, M represents the index value that distinguishes between cooling (m = 0) and heating (m = 1) And in Equation (2), < RTI ID = 0.0 >

Is the total amount of heat to be supplied by the building energy management system, and R is the prediction demand amount calculated from the building energy efficiency grade evaluation program.

Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, in the building energy management system, the electricity usage amount (ECC) calculated by the following Equation (4) may be smaller than an allowable value (EEC _peak ).

--(수학식4)

- (4)

Here, EEC (k, m) represents the total electrical energy usage of the building energy management system at a given time (k), and H (k, ns, m) (K, ns, m) represents the performance of the device according to the operating conditions, and E (k, ns, m) represents the energy consumption cost of each device required to supply the required calorie, Γ (k, ns, m) represents the performance of the equipment according to the ambient conditions, and m represents an index value that distinguishes between cooling (m = 0) and heating (m = 1).

In the case of using the load prediction based building control method in conjunction with the building energy efficiency class according to the present invention, the intelligent air conditioning system can be implemented so that the external environment (temperature, humidity, radiation amount) It is possible to predict the building load which changes according to the sinking and the internal heat, so that the building energy can be managed with minimum energy cost considering the many variables of various devices constituting the demand and supply of building energy.

In regard to the use of electric energy, it is structured so as not to be disadvantageous in the electric billing system in consideration of electric power peak and the like, so that it is possible to establish a plan of air-conditioning equipment.

As the energy used is recorded and analyzed, and as the evaluation history is accumulated, it is possible to plan the operation plan more accurately in the heat source system, thereby lowering the operating cost of the building energy.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing components of a building load among building energy efficiency class-based load-prediction-based building control apparatuses according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a building control method based on building energy efficiency rating-linked load prediction in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a GUI screen showing climate information of the weather station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the input of building information in a certified building energy efficiency rating program according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the contextual meaning of the related art and are to be interpreted as either ideal or overly formal in the sense of the present application Do not.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing components of a building load among building energy efficiency class-based load-prediction-based building control apparatuses according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the building load used in the present invention is determined according to the structure of the building and the usage pattern thereof. That is, in FIG. 1, in the building load, heat (heat) due to solar heat, transmitted radiation heat (sensible heat) 10, roof conductive heat, wall conductive heat (sensible heat) 20, 40), a device heat (sensible heat) 50, and a heat sensation (sensible heat) 60 by a lighting device. (70) by the human body. The sensible heat refers to heat not accompanied by a state change, and latent heat refers to heat accompanying a change in state between gas, liquid and solid.

An example of such a building load is that the types of information required for EnergyPlus, TRNSYS, and RTS-SAREK, which analyze the heat flow generated from existing buildings in detail, are too high and difficult to use, Can be interpreted as complementing the shortcomings.

The thermal characteristics of walls and windows are analyzed using EnergyPlus among the programs that simulate the heat flow of the building, and the same work is also applied to the building energy efficiency class linked load prediction based building control method which is one embodiment of the present invention.

Also, a technique to predict the building load is introduced reflecting the building property coefficient, and a technique of correcting the error by comparing the predicted value and the measured value is introduced.

For the analysis of building load forecasting errors, the internationally recognized evaluation criteria specified in the M & V Guidelines: Measurement and Verification for Performance-Based Contracts Version 4.0 of the US Department of Energy were applied.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a building energy control method based building load control based building load control method, which is an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, according to the building energy efficiency level-linked load-prediction-based building control method according to an embodiment of the present invention, elements for predicting outside air such as temperature, humidity, It has a function to secure information.

In addition, the National Building Energy Analysis Program, which can evaluate and certify the energy efficiency of buildings based on the [Green Building Creation Support Act] Article 17, [Building Energy Efficiency Rating Certification], and [Building Energy Efficiency Rating Certification Standard] The building energy analysis is performed through ECO2 to improve the accuracy of the program proposed in the present invention.

As described above, the present invention constitutes a menu for inputting variables for calculating the thermal load of the building, and the menu is intuitively grasped according to the building property coefficient. In addition, the efficiency of the operation is improved by comparing the actual load and the predicted load at a glance through the graph. Also, it is possible to present the energy consumption according to the energy efficiency level of buildings using the outside air condition.

In the present invention, weather data such as temperature, humidity, and solar radiation amount are required for a building to calculate an air-conditioning load and predict a demand, and it is designed to have a function of collecting, converting, and extracting data provided by the weather station.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a GUI screen showing climate information of the weather station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, it is possible to present a forecast information technology for temperature, humidity, enthalpy and solar radiation, which is weather information of the weather station, as a GUI (Graphic User Interface) screen.

Based on the information on temperature, humidity, enthalpy, and solar radiation, it has been confirmed that similar accuracy is obtained in comparison with real-time information.

To calculate the energy efficiency rating of buildings, it is also possible to use the method of acquiring information on the site and inputting it to the building energy efficiency class program ECO2.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the input of building information in a certified building energy efficiency rating program according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, information that may be applied in the field may be needed to calculate the building energy efficiency rating.

Tables 1 to 5 show examples of information that can be input to ECO2, a building energy efficiency rating program.

Main enclosure insulation performance of building division U-Value (W / m2K) Remarks Submission specification Legal basis
(As of the southern part of 2017) Outer wall 0.335 0.32 - External window 1.941 (Submission of test report) 2.70 22mm low glass roof 0.194 1.8 -

Application status of application building (main heat source system) division Applied device Capacity (kW) Rated COP / Efficiency Remarks Heat source system heating Absorption type cold water heater 1323.837 84% - Hot water Vacuum hot water boiler 581.4 91% - Cold source system Absorption type cold water heater 1406.512 1.316 -

Major heating and cooling system division Applied device Supply method form Remarks Heating system AHU Central formula Horizontal - Cooling system AHU Central formula Horizontal -

Other major systems EHP air-cooled heat pump Air-cooled heat pump, heating / cooling supply system (4WAY type) GSHP geothermal heat pump Applied geothermal heat pump, heating and cooling supply system (4WAY type) Heat pump integrated air conditioner Integrated heat pump air conditioning system (air conditioner type)

Application of new renewable energy and cogeneration system of application building division Photovoltaic system Application Module area: 180.07 ㎡
Module bearing: horizontal
Module type: Single crystal

The data described in Tables 1 to 5 can be calculated by inputting into the building energy efficiency rating evaluation program ECO2.

Based on these results, it is possible to calculate the expected total energy cost of a building energy management system for a day.

[Equation 1] is a mathematical expression showing the estimated total energy cost for one day in the building energy management system.

[Equation 1]

In Equation (1), H (k, ns, m) represents the amount of heat to be taken by each device ns constituting the building energy management system at time k, (K, ns, m) represents the performance of the device according to the ambient conditions, and M (k, ns, m) Represents an index value for distinguishing cooling (m = 0) and heating (m = 1), and Δt represents a time interval required for performing energy cost calculation.

The calculated total energy requirement for one day includes the heat (H) that each machine in the building energy management system constitutes at time k.

The amount of heat to be supplied must be equal to the sum of building loads. The amount of heat supplied by the building energy management system should be less than the design _norm (H _norm ), but greater than the minimum operating mode heat (H _min ) for stable operation of the equipment.

Equation (4) shows an example of such a relation.

&Quot; (4) "

Also, the heat amount (H) to be taken by each device (ns) constituting the building energy management system at time k can be expressed by the sum of the total heat amount supplied by the building energy management system as shown in Equation (2).

&Quot; (2) "

The sum H of total calories supplied by the building energy management system should be smaller than the predicted demand R calculated by ECO2, a building energy efficiency rating program, as shown in Equation (3).

&Quot; (3) "

When the condition of the above equations is satisfied, optimization of the building heat source device can be achieved, and it is possible to construct an effective building energy management system by reflecting the weather data that varies in real time.

Also, in the case of applying the power peak, the electricity consumption (EEC) in the building energy management system must be smaller than the allowable value, thereby avoiding the disadvantage of the electricity bill system.

When the building energy management system operates the equipment using the electric energy, the power consumption amount in a specific time zone is predicted in advance, as in the expression (5), and when the predicted power consumption amount is equal to or higher than the set allowable power, In the case where the predicted power consumption in a specific time zone falls below the allowable power, the building energy management system is operated while reducing the amount of heat supplied to the building energy management system by cutting off the power supply of the building energy supply system according to a preset scenario, The power of the energy management system can be automatically supplied in the reverse order of the power-off sequence.

&Quot; (5) "

Here, EEC (k, m) represents the total electrical energy usage of the building energy management system at a given time (k), and H (k, ns, m) (K, ns, m) represents the performance of the device according to the operating conditions, and E (k, ns, m) represents the energy consumption cost of each device required to supply the required calorie, Γ (k, ns, m) represents the performance of the equipment according to the ambient conditions, and m represents an index value that distinguishes between cooling (m = 0) and heating (m = 1).

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims It can be understood that

10: solar heat, transmitted radiation heat (sensible heat), 20: roof conductive heat, wall conductive heat (sensible heat)
30: Glass conduction heat (sensible heat), 40: Ventilation (sensible heat and latent heat)
50: Device heat (sensible heat), 60: Lighting device heat (sensible heat)
70: Body heat

Claims (3)

A method for controlling a building load based on a building energy efficiency grade,
Performing building load calculation (s10) by setting solar heating radiation radiation, roof and wall conductive heat, glass window conduction heat, ventilation heat, appliance heat, lighting heat and human body heat as variables;
(S20) so that the calculated building load is equal to the calorie supplied by the building energy management system; And
The amount of heat supplied by the building energy management system is extracted in order to minimize the estimated total energy cost of the building energy management system,
(S30) of setting the calorie (H) supplied by the building energy management system to be smaller than the predicted required quantity (R) calculated by a certified building energy efficiency class evaluation program,
The expected total energy cost of the building energy management system is,

- (1)
Is calculated through Equation (1)
The amount of heat (H) supplied by the building energy management system
The heat quantity (H) is calculated by Equations (2) and (3)

- (2)

- " (3) "
In Equation (1)
E _cost (m) is the total energy cost of the day to supply a building energy management system, H (k, ns, m ) the amount of heat that is in charge of each device (ns) that make up a building energy management system in the time k (K, ns, m) represents the performance of the device according to the operating conditions, and Γ (k, ns, m) (m = 0) and heating (m = 1), and Δt represents the energy consumption required to perform the energy cost calculation Time interval,
In Equation (2)

Is the sum of the calories to be supplied by the building energy management system,
In Equation (3)
R is a predicted demand amount calculated from the building energy efficiency rating program. The method according to claim 1,
When a power peak is applied to the building energy management system,
The building energy management system according to claim 4, wherein an electric power consumption (ECC) calculated by Equation (4) is smaller than an allowable value (EEC _peak ).

- (Equation 5)
Here, EEC (k, m) represents the total electrical energy usage of the building energy management system at a given time (k), and H (k, ns, m) (K, ns, m) represents the performance of the device according to the operating conditions, and E (k, ns, m) represents the energy consumption cost of each device required to supply the required calorie, Γ (k, ns, m) represents the performance of the equipment according to the ambient conditions, and m represents an index value that distinguishes between cooling (m = 0) and heating (m = 1). The method according to claim 1,
The amount of heat that the building energy management system must supply,
To satisfy the expression (4), the design capacity (H _norm) jakdoe than the minimum operation mode, heat (H _min) than building energy efficiency level associated load prediction method, characterized in that a large for reliable operation of the equipment.

-------------- (4)

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