KR20180079765A - Automatic apparatus and method for building life cycle assessment and recording medium in which the method is recorded - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic device for building life cycle assessment, which automatically selects a main construction material which is input in a system of quantitatively assessing and estimating life cycle sustainability of a building as a variable and assesses a rate in which a selected building material influences environment in accordance with a scenario. The present invention also relates to a method for the same and a recording medium in which the method for the same is recorded. The automatic device for building life cycle assessment applied to the system assessing the life cycle sustainability of the building using an input amount of the main construction material includes: an input unit receiving a code of the multiple construction materials about an amount and a kind of the construction material; a database unit storing a unit weight of the multiple construction materials by a code of the multiple construction materials; a calculation unit receiving the code of the multiple construction materials from the input unit and deducting whole weight of the multiple construction materials by calculating the whole weight by the each construction material based on the code of the each construction material and the unit weight stored in the database unit; and a material selection unit selecting the main construction material in order in which a ratio of the whole weight by the each construction material is high about a sum of the whole weight of the multiple construction materials deducted by the calculation unit.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automation apparatus, a method, and a recording medium recording a method for evaluating the life course of a building,

More particularly, the present invention relates to a system for quantitatively evaluating and predicting the sustainability of the entire life cycle of a building, and more particularly, The present invention relates to an automation apparatus and method for evaluating the life course of a building, and a recording medium on which the method is recorded, which evaluates the degree to which a selected building material affects an environment according to a scenario.

The architecture affects the earth in many ways. As buildings are built, there are side effects such as depletion of natural resources, destruction of ecosystem, pollution of air and water quality, generation of garbage. In addition, many design elements of a building affect the environment. However, even if the design is performed in consideration of the environment, it is a reality that it is difficult for the designer to understand various information about the general environment and to carry out the design accordingly.

The selection of building materials based on environmental impacts can be done by analyzing through Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA). In this case, the term "all processes" means all processes including material collection process, material supply process, material transportation process, construction process, use process, and disposal process, and the term "life cycle evaluation" Substances, energy, and emissions) and to assess the overall impact on the environment.

However, in the conventional life-cycle evaluation method for buildings, in order to evaluate the environmental impact caused by the production process of the building material, the type and quantity of the building material to be inputted into the building are directly inputted by hand, Selection of major building materials to be screened is also selected by hand. In addition, assessment is carried out by manually inputting the selected major construction materials or transportation, construction, maintenance, and disposal information of the selected construction materials or all of the building materials for evaluation of the environmental impact of the building. In other words, there is a problem in that the cost due to the above-mentioned manual work is a major part of the evaluation cost in the performance of the entire life cycle evaluation of the building, thereby hindering the spread of the evaluation of the entire life cycle of the building.

Accordingly, technology for linking with the evaluation of CO2 emission of buildings using the item code for each building material has been developed. However, this is only a limited technology for bringing the quantity information of the building material into the program through the item code for each building material, It is not possible to automatically select the material, and since it does not support the inherent environmental impact evaluation based on the scenarios, the evaluation cost can not be effectively reduced.

Korean Patent Registration No. 1390237

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an automatic system for automatically inputting a product code information of a building material compatible in a domestic construction market in a building life course evaluation system, The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an automation apparatus, method, and recording medium recording the method.

In addition, the present invention can be realized by providing a database of the unit weight, the unit environmental impact coefficient, and the unit price information of the building material by the above-described item code, and automatically inputting the building material information and simultaneously inputting the total weight of the building material, The present invention provides an automation apparatus, a method, and a recording medium recording the method, which automatically selects a major building material occupying 90 to 99% from the viewpoint of cost.

Meanwhile, the present invention relates to a method of transporting a predefined building material, a construction method for each building material, a maintenance method for each building material, a construction method for each building material Recycling, reclamation, landfill, and incineration method. The object of the present invention is to provide an automation apparatus, method, and recording medium recording the method for automatically evaluating the environmental impact of a building from the viewpoint of building materials have.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automation apparatus for evaluating the life course of a building, which is applied to a system for evaluating the sustainability of the entire course using the input amount of the major building material, An input unit for receiving a code of a plurality of building materials related to the type and the quantity; A database unit for storing unit weights of a plurality of building materials for each code of the plurality of building materials; An operation unit that receives codes of the plurality of building materials from the input unit and calculates a total weight for each building material by a unit weight and code of each building material stored in the database unit to derive a plurality of total weights; And a material selection unit for selecting the main building material in descending order of the total weight ratio of each building material with respect to the total sum of the plurality of total weights derived from the calculation unit.

Here, the material selection unit may select the building material reflected in the accumulated weight when the ratio of the cumulative weight accumulated in the order of the total weight of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of total weight reaches 90 to 99% It can be selected as the main building material.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automation apparatus for evaluating the life course of a building, which is applied to a system for evaluating the sustainability of the entire life cycle of a building using an input amount of a major building material, An input unit for receiving a code of a plurality of building materials related to the kind and quantity of the material; A database unit for storing a unit price of a plurality of building materials for each code of the plurality of building materials; An operation unit that receives codes of the plurality of building materials from the input unit and calculates a total cost for each building material by a unit price and a code of each building material stored in the database unit to derive a plurality of total costs; And a main building material is selected in descending order of the ratio of the total cost of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of total costs derived from the operation unit.

Here, the material selection unit may select the building material reflected in the cumulative cost when the ratio of the cumulative cost accumulated in the order of the total cost of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of total costs reaches 90 to 99% It can be selected as the main building material.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automation apparatus for evaluating the life course of a building, which is applied to a system for evaluating the sustainability of the entire life cycle of a building using an input amount of a major building material, An input unit for receiving a code of a plurality of building materials related to the kind and quantity of the material; A database unit that stores environmental impact coefficients per unit of input amount of a plurality of building materials for each code of the plurality of building materials; And calculating an input amount for each building material by the code of the plurality of building materials from the input unit,

An operation unit for calculating environmental scores for each building material by the plurality of building materials to derive a plurality of environmental scores; And a material selection unit for selecting the main building material in descending order of the ratio of the environmental score of each building material to the total of the plurality of environmental scores derived from the operation unit.

Here, the environmental influence coefficient is a global warming environmental influence coefficient for global warming, and the material selection unit selects the cumulative environmental score of cumulative environmental score accumulated in order of the ratio of the environmental score of each building material to the sum of the plurality of environmental scores The building material reflected in the cumulative environmental score when the ratio reaches 90 to 99% can be selected as the first set of major building materials.

The environmental influence coefficient is an ozone layer reduction environmental influence coefficient for the reduction of the ozone layer, and the material selection unit selects the cumulative environmental score of the cumulative environmental score accumulated in the order of the ratio of the environmental score of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of environmental scores The building material reflected in the cumulative environmental score when the ratio reaches 90 to 99% can be selected as the second set of major building materials.

The environmental influence coefficient is an acidification environmental influence coefficient for acidification. The material selection unit selects the ratio of the cumulative environmental score accumulated in the descending order of the ratio of the environmental score of each building material to the sum of the plurality of environmental scores The building material reflected in the cumulative environmental score when reaching 90 to 99% can be selected as the third set of major building materials.

The environmental influence coefficient is an eutrophic environmental impact coefficient for eutrophication. The material selection unit selects the ratio of the cumulative environmental score accumulated in the ascending order of the ratio of the environmental score of each building material to the sum of the plurality of environmental scores The building materials reflected in the cumulative environmental score when reaching 90 to 99% can be selected as the fourth set of major building materials.

The environmental influence coefficient is a resource-depleting environmental impact coefficient for depletion of resources. The material selection unit selects a cumulative environmental score of cumulative environmental scores accumulated in descending order of the ratio of the environmental score of each building material to the sum of the plurality of environmental scores The building material reflected in the cumulative environmental score when the ratio reaches 90 to 99% can be selected as the fifth set of major building materials.

The environmental influence coefficient is a photochemical oxide environmental influence coefficient for generation of photochemical oxides, and the material selection unit selects a cumulative cumulative cumulative cumulative cumulative environmental score The building material reflected in the cumulative environmental score when the percentage of environmental scores reaches 90 to 99% can be selected as the sixth set of major building materials.

On the other hand, the material selection unit may select building materials included in the union of the first set, the second set, the third set, the fourth set, the fifth set, and the sixth set as main building materials have.

The operation unit may include a scenario function for calculating an input amount and an energy source consumption used in a production step, a construction step, an operation step, and a disposal step for a plurality of major building materials, and the scenario function includes a production step, A function of calculating the input amount and the consumption amount by using the maintenance ratio of each major building material preset for each step, the operation step and the discarding step, and the energy consumption information of the inputted reference construction equipment.

In order to achieve the above object, a fourth embodiment of the present invention includes a database unit that stores a unit weight of a plurality of building materials for each code of a plurality of building materials, The method comprising the steps of: a) inputting a code of a plurality of building materials related to a type and a quantity of a building material; A second step of calculating a total weight of each building material by a unit weight and a code of each building material stored in the database unit to derive a plurality of total weights; And a third step of selecting the main building material in descending order of the total weight ratio of each building material with respect to the total sum of the plurality of total weights derived in the second step.

In order to achieve the above object, a fifth embodiment of the present invention is characterized by including a database unit for storing a plurality of unit prices of building materials for each code of a plurality of building materials, The method comprising the steps of: (a) inputting a code of a plurality of building materials related to a type and a quantity of a building material; A fifth step of calculating a total cost for each building material by a unit price and a code of each building material stored in the database unit to derive a plurality of total costs; And a sixth step of selecting a major building material in descending order of the ratio of the total cost of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of total costs derived in the fifth step.

In order to achieve the above object, a sixth embodiment of the present invention includes a database unit that stores environmental impact coefficients per unit of input amount of a plurality of building materials for each code of a plurality of building materials, The method comprising the steps of: (a) inputting a code of a plurality of building materials related to a type and a quantity of a building material; The amount of each building material is calculated by the code of each building material,

An eighth step of deriving a plurality of environmental scores by calculating an environmental score for each building material by the steps of: And a ninth step of selecting a major building material in descending order of the ratio of the environmental score of each building material to the total of the plurality of environmental scores derived in the eighth step.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable recording medium storing a program for executing an automated method for evaluating the life course of a building.

According to the present invention described above, it is possible to remarkably reduce the time, cost, and labor that have been excessively spent in building life cycle evaluation, as well as efficiently manage databases and scenarios for building life cycle assessment through coded building material information There is an effect that can be done.

1 is a block diagram of an automation apparatus for the evaluation of building life cycle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a diagram illustrating a damage estimation model used in an automation apparatus for building life cycle assessment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a view illustrating an operation of an automation apparatus for evaluating a building's life course according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 to 6 are operational flowcharts showing an automation method for the evaluation of building life cycle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention can be modified into various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. The shape and the size of the elements in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings.

Meanwhile, the meaning of the terms described in the present application should be understood as follows.

The terms "first "," second ", and the like are used to distinguish one element from another and should not be limited by these terms. For example, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component.

And throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as being "connected" to another part, it includes not only "directly connected" but also "electrically connected" with another part in between. Also, when a component is referred to as " comprising "or" comprising ", it does not exclude other components unless specifically stated to the contrary .

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an automation apparatus for building life course evaluation according to an embodiment of the present invention. The automation apparatus for building life course evaluation according to the present invention includes a database unit 100, an input unit 200, And a material selection unit (400).

The database unit 100 stores the unit weight, the unit price, and the unit environmental impact coefficient per unit amount of a plurality of building materials for each building material code. At this time, the database unit 100 can store and store the degree of influence of each cycle history list related to the environmental impact, and store the unit environmental impact coefficient per unit consumption amount of the energy applied to the scenario related to the building material and the unit cost .

For example, the database unit 100 stores a first environmental impact coefficient and a second environmental influence coefficient for each building material and energy source to be input into the building through the entire process. The environmental impact factor is a value obtained by quantifying the environmental impact of each building material and energy source into a functional unit, for example, a unit level, and quantifying the environmental impact. In other words, the environmental impact factor is the amount of resources (including resources, energy and minerals collected from the environment) input into the product system according to the LCI (Life Cycle Inventory) DB (productive system functional unit) And the amount of waste discharged into the environment (air, water system) and the amount of waste generated in advance). The calculation method is as follows.

Environmental impacts are collectively referred to as changes in whole or in part the environment that are harmful or beneficial resulting from the environmental aspects of the Earth. These environmental impacts can be quantified through the LCIA, and the results are expressed in environmental impact categories, including global warming, acidification, eutrophication, ozone depletion, and photochemical oxide production. In order to establish the scope of evaluation of automation devices for building life cycle evaluation of the present invention, it is applied in international standards (ISO) and guidelines related to life environmental impact assessment of buildings, green building certification system, and building life cycle environmental impact assessment tool The environmental impact categories were analyzed and six major environmental impact categories adopted in multiple countries from the viewpoint of architecture were selected.

The first environmental impact factor for building materials can be calculated through the LCIA (LCIA) (classification and characterization) of the pre-built LCI DB. For example, the National LCI DB (Korea LCI DB) constructed by the Ministry of Environment and the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy as the LCI DB of building materials and the National D / B for Environmental Information of Building Products (DB) And LCI DB can be selected in order of regional correlation, temporal correlation, and technical correlation according to the ELCA's LCI DB selection principle presented in ISO 14040. Equation (1) represents an equation for calculating the first environmental impact coefficient using the LCI DB of the building material.

Where EIC1 _{i, j} represents the first environmental impact coefficient of the environmental impact categories (j) for the functional units of the building materials (i), E _i, The emission amount of the substance (k) per functional unit of the material (i), IF _{j, k} means the impact factor of the substance (k) to the environmental impact category (j).

)으로 통합 가능하다. 오존층 파괴(ODP)는 WMO(World Metrological Organization)에서 제시한 영향지수에 근거하여 기준물질인 트리클로로플루오로메탄(CFC-11)으로 산출할 수 있다. 광화학적 산화물 생성(POCP)도 CML 2002를 통해 기준물질인 에틸렌(Ethylene)으로 통합 가능하다. 자원고갈(ADP)도 CML 2002를 통해 기준물질인 안티몬(Sb)으로 산출할 수 있다. 6종의 환경영향 범주, 즉, 지구온난화, 산성화, 부영향화, 오존층파괴, 광화학적산화물 및 자원고갈에 대한 기준 물질(이산화탄소 등) 및 영향 지수(IF)의 일례는 하기 표 1과 같다.Global warming (GWP) can be calculated as carbon dioxide (CO2), which is the reference material, based on the 100-year impact index given in the IPCC Guidelines. Acidification (AP) is possible to integrate into reference sulfur dioxide (SO₂) through CML 2002, which is different according to regional characteristics and atmospheric environment but applicable in all regions. Eutrophication (EP), like the index of acidification effect,

). The ozone depletion (ODP) can be calculated as trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11), which is the reference material, based on the impact index provided by the World Metrological Organization (WMO). Photochemical oxide formation (POCP) can also be incorporated into the reference material, ethylene, via CML 2002. Resource depletion (ADP) can also be calculated from CML 2002 as antimony (Sb) as a reference material. Table 1 shows examples of six environmental impact categories: global warming, acidification, eutrophication, ozone depletion, photochemical oxide, reference materials (such as carbon dioxide), and impact index (IF).

On the other hand, as shown in Equation (1), the first environmental impact coefficient of the building material can be quantitatively calculated by multiplying the amount of the influent substance by the influence index for each environmental impact category, For example, the influence index of CO ₂ , the reference material of global warming, and the influential substances CFC-11, CFC-114 and CFC-13 are 1.00E + 00 kg-CO ₂ / kg-CO ₂ , 4.00E + 03 a _{kg-CO 2 / kg-CFC} -11, 9.30E + 03 kg-CO 2 / kg-CFC-114, 8.50E + 03 kg-CO 2 / kg-CFC-13, this ready-mixed concrete (25-240-15 CFC-11 / m ³ , 2.10E-09 kg-CFC-114 / m ³ , 4.40E-10 kg-CO ₂ / m ³ , 2.05E-09 kg- CFC-12 / m ³ ) and then summed together to calculate the global warming (4.09E + 02 kg-CO _2eq / m ³ ) for remicon (25-240-15). An example of the first environmental impact coefficient EIC1 calculated using the above-mentioned equation (1) as the data source as the above-mentioned national LCI DB (A) or the environmental information country DB (B) same.

In order to calculate the second environmental impact factor for the energy source, the environmental impacts related to the production of the energy source and the environmental impacts due to the combustion must be considered at the same time. For example, the national LCI DB can be selected as the LCI DB for the production stage of the energy source, and the second environmental impact coefficient can be calculated by classifying and characterizing the LCI DB as the building material.

The second environmental impact coefficient for the energy source can be calculated by the following equation (2).

Here, EIC2 _{i, j} represents the second environmental impact coefficient of the environmental impact category (j) for the functional unit (FU) of the energy source (i), PE _{i, k} represents the function the combustion of the per unit affected material (k) emissions, IF _{j, k} will impact on the environment impact category (j) as described in Table 1 material (k) impact factor, CE _{i, k} is the energy source (i) of the (K) per functional unit in accordance with the present invention.

An example of the second environmental impact coefficient EIC2 calculated using the above-described equation (2) using the above-mentioned national LCI DB (A) or the environmental information country DB (B) as a data source is shown in Table 4 same.

In Table 4, the unit of environmental impact factor by each environmental impact category of global warming (GWP), acidification (AP), epidermalization (EP), ozone layer destruction (ODP), photochemical oxide (POCP) and resource depletion (ADP) Is the weight (in kg) of the reference material per functional unit, as set forth in Table 3.

The database unit 100 stores at least the unit price per functional unit of the building material shown in Table 3 as the material unit price coefficient and at least the unit price per functional unit for the energy source shown in Table 4 as energy And stores it as a unit price of a circle.

The input unit 200 receives an information code given in advance for each of a plurality of building materials and outputs the input code to the operation unit 300. At this time, the input unit 200 can automatically acquire an information code from an information holding medium such as a building book, but is not limited thereto. Here, the information code may include a kind of construction material or quantity information. The input unit 200 can transmit the type and the quantity information of the building material to the operation unit 300 upon receipt of the codes of the plurality of building materials. However, when the information code includes only the type of the building material, It is also possible to grasp it based on the number of times of input.

The calculation unit 300 calculates the total weight of each building material by the unit weight and the code of each building material stored in the database unit 100 by receiving codes of a plurality of building materials from the input unit 200, And outputs the derived total weight to the material selection unit 400.

The operation unit 300 receives a plurality of codes of the building material from the input unit 200 and calculates the total cost for each building material by the unit price and the code of each building material stored in the database unit 100, And outputs the total cost thus calculated to the material selection unit 400. [

On the other hand, the calculation unit 300 calculates the input amount for each building material by the code of a plurality of building materials inputted from the input unit 200, and calculates the first environmental influence coefficient to the input amount of the building material as shown in the following equation (3) And outputs the calculated environmental score to the material selection unit 400. The environment selection unit 400 receives the environment score,

The material selection unit 400 can select the major building materials in descending order of the ratio of the environmental score of each building material to the sum of the plurality of environmental scores derived from the operation unit 300. [ For example, the material selection unit 400 selects 90 to 99% of the major environmental impact categories (GWP, AP, EP, ODP, POCP, ADP) based on the evaluation result of the environmental impact evaluation on the apartment, Preferably, the main building material in the apartment house production stage which causes more than 95% can be derived. At this time, the material selection unit 400 may select a building material corresponding to a union or an intersection of selected building materials according to each major environmental impact category as a main building material, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In addition, the material selection unit 400 can select the main building material in descending order of the ratio of the total weight of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of total weights derived from the calculation unit 300. [ For example, when the ratio of the cumulative weight accumulated in the order of the total weight of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of total weight materials reaches 90 to 99%, the material selecting unit 400 preferably , The building material reflected in the cumulative weight when reaching 95% can be selected as the main building material.

On the other hand, the material selection unit 400 can select the major building materials in descending order of the ratio of the total cost of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of total costs derived from the calculation unit 300. [ For example, when the ratio of the cumulative cost accumulated in the order of the total cost of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of total costs reaches 90 to 99%, the material selecting unit 400 preferably Can select the building material that is reflected in the cumulative cost when it reaches 95% as the main building material.

When the main building material deriving method of the calculating unit 300 and the material selecting unit 400 is applied to the production step, the concrete operation is as follows. Here, the operation of the operation unit 300 and the material selection unit 400 is limited to a production stage in which the building material occupies 90% or more of the inherent environmental effects caused during the entire life cycle of the building, , But it is not limited thereto. Here, for the sake of convenience, the evaluation target is set as a recently built apartment house in Korea, and the structure is limited to a reinforced concrete structure (RC structure).

First, as shown in Table 5 below, two wall-structured residential units (WS-1, WS-2), two ramen residential units (RS-1 and RS- 1, FS-2) can be selected as evaluation targets.

The EIR _j represents the results of the evaluation of the environmental impact category (j) of the structure, Q _k is a building material (k) number, U _k is a construction material quantity and the first environmental impact unit conversion factor between the coefficient, EIC1 _{j of, k} represents the first environmental impact factor for the environmental impact category (j) of the building material (k). Here, the unit conversion coefficient is a coefficient that adjusts to correspond to the functional unit of the first environmental impact coefficient when the quantity of the building material is coded and inputted. For example, when 1 ton of cement is inputted, A unit conversion coefficient having a value of 1000 is substituted into the above-described equation (3) to correspond to the first environmental impact coefficient.

Table 6 below shows the evaluation results of the main building materials causing the environmental influence of the apartment house by the operation unit 300 and the material selection unit 400. The top 95% of the major building materials causing global warming were analyzed as concrete, concrete, brick, gypsum board and glass as calculated by the calculation unit 300. In WS, RS and FS, Is about 80%. In acidification, five building materials including concrete, rebar, insulation, gypsum board, and concrete bricks account for more than 95% of environmental impacts. In eutrophication, concrete, concrete, reinforcing board, gypsum board and concrete bricks are the main building materials. On the other hand, the ozone layer destruction and photochemical oxide production are analyzed to have more than 90% of environmental impacts of concrete in WS, RS, and FS, and more than 95% of environmental impacts of concrete and reinforcing steel alone are analyzed. In resource consumption, remicon, rebar, insulation, glass, and concrete brick account for more than 95% of environmental impacts. In concrete terms, concrete, which has a high environmental impact characterization value and a relatively high input amount, contributes more than 50% of all environmental impacts in WS, RS and FS, and 80 ~ 95% Environmental impacts are analyzed. Accordingly, the material selection unit 400 can be used to derive concrete, reinforcing materials, insulating materials, concrete bricks, glass, gypsum boards as six main building materials of a multi-family house which comprehensively causes more than 95% .

Here, the unit used in Table 6 is%, M is Ready Mixed concrete, R is Rebar, I is Insulation, C is Concrete brick, G is Glass, B is a gypsum board, and O is other materials.

In addition, when the operation unit 300 and the material selection unit 400 select the building material by using the cost, it is possible to refer to the direct construction cost based on the quantity calculation table for the apartment house.

In other words, in order to derive the main building materials for the direct construction cost, it is possible to apply the construction information (construction field) information of the second half of 2015 announced by the Public Procurement Service in accordance with the building material described in the BOQ of the apartment house. Also, it is possible to estimate the total cost of the direct housing construction cost using Equation (4) and to derive the main building material which accounts for more than 95% of the cumulative contribution.

Here, CR indicates the evaluation results for the direct construction of buildings, Q _k is a building material (k) number, U _k is a unit conversion factor, CC _k between the direct cost price and quantity of building materials are building materials (k) The cost of direct construction cost.

As a result, as shown in Table 7, remicon, reinforcing bar, glass, concrete brick, thermal insulation material, gypsum board, window, stone, tile and paint are derived as ten major building materials which occupy more than 95% .

Here, the operation unit 300 may perform the extended environmental impact assessment according to the scenarios of the entire stages of the building in addition to the production stage. According to ISO 21931-1, the life cycle stages of a building are divided into production stage, construction stage, operation stage and disposal stage. Scenarios for environmental impact assessment at the construction stage, operation stage and disposal stage excluding the production stage are set .

First, the construction step can be divided into a transportation process and a construction process. The transport process assesses the environmental impact of transporting building materials to the construction site. As an example of the types of transportation vehicles mainly used for building materials, a mixer truck is used for the transport of the remicon, and a 20ton truck is used for the transportation of the reinforcing bar and the section steel. In addition, other building materials can be used for 8 ton trucks, and all building materials can be procured from construction materials companies within 30 km.

The construction process evaluates the environmental impacts caused by the use of equipment and the operation of site offices during construction of the building. In order to derive the energy consumption of the construction process, the research data indirectly derived energy consumption of the apartment house construction process based on the budget statement of the district and the one large scale (29 architectural works, 22 civil works, 22 landscaping works, 36 cases) and the recently completed construction site (5 cases of apartment complexes). In particular, the energy consumption of construction equipment can be analyzed by using the equipment usage status specified in the KORAIL daily report and the 8-hour working hours of the Labor Standards Act, so that the total usage time of each construction equipment can be analyzed. The energy consumption can be calculated. Table 8 below shows the energy consumption of the apartment building construction process used in the scenario-based environmental impact assessment by the operation unit 300.

The operation phase can be divided into energy use process and maintenance process. In order to evaluate the environmental impacts generated from the operation phase of the apartment complex, it is necessary to set the service life. In order to evaluate the environmental impacts of the buildings at the early stage of the construction project and compare the results, The scenario can be constructed by applying the same legal life of 40 years.

In addition, the maintenance process evaluates the environmental impacts of new building materials for the renovation of buildings. Therefore, it is possible to apply the environmental impact assessment method based on the repair cycle and the water factor according to the building materials proposed by the Housing Act.

The disposal step can be classified into a disassembly process of a building, a transportation process of a waste building material, and a landfill process of a waste building material. In the process of dismantling, the environmental impact due to the equipment being put into the dismantling work of the building is evaluated. In this case, the quantity of the waste building material is calculated in the dismantling process, and the quantity of the waste building material and the quantity of the building material input in the production stage can be set to be the same. In addition, the dismantling equipment can be set as Backhoe (1.0 m ³ ) + Giant Breaker (0.7 m ³ ), which is generally used in the dismantling process, according to the results of previous studies.

The transport process assesses the environmental impact of transporting the generated waste to the treatment plant. At this time, 15ton truck is applied to the transportation vehicle according to the construction standard, and the transportation distance can be set to 30km as the transportation process in the construction phase.

In the landfill process, the environmental impacts that occur during the landfill of waste building materials are assessed. The environmental impact of the recycling process of waste building materials can be considered only in terms of environmental impacts during reclamation of waste building materials that are not recycled by applying the cut-off method that recycling companies are responsible for. At this time, the landfill equipment can be set up as Dozer (D8N, 15 PL, 6 PL) + Compactor (32 tons). According to the result of survey on the waste disposal status by construction materials according to the waste statistics yearbook, 70% Can be set to be embedded. Glass can be set to be 80% recycled and 20% reclaimed. Also, the gypsum board can be set to be recycled at 10% and reclaimed at 90%. On the other hand, all of the reinforcing bars and sections are recycled, and the concrete bricks and the heat insulating material can be all buried. Table 9 below shows energy consumption of dismantling and buried equipment set in the operation unit 300. [

The operation unit 300 can apply a damage assessment model (KOLID), which is a damage estimation model developed by the Ministry of the Environment, for the scenario-based life cycle environmental impact assessment. As shown in FIG. 2, KOLID has a wide range of environmental impact categories such as global warming, acidification, eutrophication, ozone layer destruction, photochemical oxides, and resource depletion. We quantitatively calculate the damage to the end point and evaluate it as four safety guards: human health, social assets, biodiversity, primary production, and derive a single final evaluation result as the monetary value. At this time, KOLID's human health is based on the DALY, which means the period of disability and disease that does not lead to death or death, and the social assets are agricultural land, fishery resources, forest resources, mineral resources, The economic cost (KRW) will be used as the index. In addition, biodiversity is assessed as an indicator of EINES, which is an expectation for the species extinction of vascular plants and aquatic organisms, and the primary production is the amount of organic matter (kg / m ² y yr) due to photosynthesis of land plants and oceanic plankton The NPP to be evaluated is used as an index of damage.

The operation unit 300 can calculate the environmental impact of the entire system through the integration process according to Equation (5).

Here, TI is the system-wide environmental impact through integration, Dk is the magnitude of impact of all list items classified as protected object k on the protected object, IFk is the integration coefficient of protected object k, and Loadi, j is classified as impact category i The environmental load of the list item j, DFk, i, j, is the damage coefficient of the list item j classified as the influence category i on the protected object k, and Ik represents the environmental impact of the protected object k.

Table 10 shows the damage factors (DFk, i, j) by reference material of the environmental impact category and Table 11 shows the economic value cost (IFk) by KOLID.

Applying the values given in Table 10 and Table 11 to Equation 5, the damage factor for the human health protected against the global warming environmental impact category is 1.23 ㅧ 10 ^-7 DALY / kg-CO ₂ , Since the value of cost is 2.82E + 7, the result of environmental impact assessment for human health, which is obtained by multiplying the damage factor by the integration coefficient, is about 3.47 won / kg-CO ₂ . Since the damage factor for the asset is 2.72 Yuan / kg-CO ₂ , and the integration coefficient, which is the economic value cost for social assets, is 1.00E + 0, the environmental impact assessment result for the social assets derived by multiplying the damage factor and the integration coefficient is 2.72 yuan / kg-CO ₂ . As a result, human health and social assets are protected against the global warming environmental impact category, so 6.19 won / kg-CO ₂ is an environmental impact for integration (see FIG. 2).

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an operation of an automation apparatus for evaluating a building's life course according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 3, Respectively.

In order to simplify the process of inputting the types of building materials and quantity information to be performed for the evaluation of the entire life cycle of the building, an information item code for each building material is given and the information of the building material is inputted into the building life course evaluation program through the input unit 200 Input automatically.

The material selection unit 400 provides the arithmetic unit 300 with a list including a list of main building materials automatically selected, for example, concrete, reinforcing bars, glass, concrete bricks, thermal insulation and gypsum board. That is, the material selection unit 400 automatically determines the exclusion criterion by using the information of the database unit 100, which is a database of the unit weight, the environmental impact unit cost, and the unit price information for each building material item code And automatically selects the major building materials that are subject to the evaluation of the building's life cycle.

Thereafter, the operation unit 300 derives major building materials and energy sources used in the production phase, construction phase, operation phase, and discard phase of the above-mentioned life course scenario.

The selected main building materials may be subjected to the environmental impact evaluation of the entire construction of the building in combination with the scenarios of the life course inherent environmental impact assessment for each building material defined in the program of the operation unit 300. At this time, All stages are assessed and assessed for the six major environmental impact categories (global warming (GWP), acidification (AP), eutrophication (EP), ozone layer impact (ODP), resource consumption (ADP), photochemical oxide production The intrinsic environmental impact assessment is possible.

That is, the operation unit 300 reads the damage coefficient and the integration coefficient related to the main building material and the energy source derived from the scenario from the database unit 100, and derives the integrated environment influence value according to Equation (5).

Thereafter, the operation unit 300 multiplies the derived integrated environmental influence value by the first environmental influence coefficient related to the building material stored in the database unit 100 and the second environmental influence coefficient with respect to the energy source, And the environmental impact assessment result, that is, the environmental impact amount, is derived by multiplying the input amount of the major building material and the energy source consumption amount, respectively.

For example, the first environmental impact coefficient of the global warming category related to the ready-mixed concrete stored in the database unit 100 is 4.09E + 02 kg-CO ₂ / m 에 according to Table 3, and the environment for global warming category integration As the result of calculation of the effect is 6.19 Won / kg-CO ₂ as described above, the amount of each functional unit per unit is 409 ㅧ 9.16 = 2532 Won, and if the amount of remicon is 10m 환경, the environmental impact amount is 25320 Won. In this way, all environmental categories and all protected objects can be calculated in a matrix manner, resulting in a total environmental impact amount.

4 to 6 are operational flowcharts showing an automation method for building life course evaluation according to an embodiment of the present invention, and will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 as follows.

First, a code of a plurality of building materials related to the type and quantity of building material is inputted through the input unit 200 (S100).

Thereafter, the operation unit 300 calculates the total weight of each building material by the unit weight stored in the database unit 100 and the code of each building material, and derives a plurality of total weights (S200).

Next, the material selection unit 400 selects the main building material in order of the total weight of the total weight of each building material for the total sum of the plurality of total weights derived from the calculation unit 300 (S300).

In operation S400, the calculation unit 300 calculates a total cost for each building material by using the unit price and the code of each building material stored in the database unit to derive a plurality of total costs.

Next, the material selection unit 400 selects the main building material in the order of the total cost ratio of each building material with respect to the total sum of the plurality of total costs derived from the operation unit 300 (S500).

에 의해 각 건축 자재별로 환경 점수를 계산하여 복수개의 환경 점수를 도출한다(S600).On the other hand, the calculation unit 300 calculates the input amount for each building material by the code of each building material,

An environmental score is calculated for each building material to derive a plurality of environmental scores (S600).

Next, the material selection unit 400 selects the major building materials in descending order of the ratio of the environmental scores of the respective building materials to the sum of the plurality of environmental scores derived from the operation unit 300 (S700).

The automated method for evaluating building life cycle according to the present invention can be implemented by a program and stored in a computer-readable recording medium (such as a CD-ROM, a RAM, a ROM, a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magneto-optical disk).

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be clear to those who have.

100:
200: Input unit
300:
400: Material selection unit

Claims (17)

1. An automation apparatus for evaluating the life course of a building, which is applied to a system for evaluating the sustainability of the entire life cycle of a building using the input amount of major building materials,
An input unit for receiving a code of a plurality of building materials related to the type and quantity of the building material;
A database unit for storing unit weights of a plurality of building materials for each code of the plurality of building materials;
An operation unit that receives codes of the plurality of building materials from the input unit and calculates a total weight for each building material by a unit weight and code of each building material stored in the database unit to derive a plurality of total weights; And
And a material selection unit for selecting major building materials in descending order of the ratio of the total weight of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of total weights derived from the calculation unit.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the material selection unit selects the building material reflected in the cumulative weight when the ratio of the cumulative weight accumulated in the order of the total weight of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of total weight reaches 90 to 99% Automated equipment for building life cycle evaluation selected by materials.

1. An automation apparatus for evaluating the life course of a building, which is applied to a system for evaluating the sustainability of the entire life cycle of a building using the input amount of major building materials,
An input unit for receiving a code of a plurality of building materials related to the type and quantity of the building material;
A database unit for storing a unit price of a plurality of building materials for each code of the plurality of building materials;
An operation unit that receives codes of the plurality of building materials from the input unit and calculates a total cost for each building material by a unit price and a code of each building material stored in the database unit to derive a plurality of total costs; And
And a material selection unit for selecting a major building material in descending order of the ratio of the total cost of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of total costs derived from the calculation unit.
The method of claim 3,
Wherein the material selection unit selects the building material reflected in the cumulative cost in the case where the ratio of the cumulative cost accumulated in the order of the total cost of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of total costs reaches 90 to 99% Automated equipment for building life cycle evaluation selected by materials.
1. An automation apparatus for evaluating the life course of a building, which is applied to a system for evaluating the sustainability of the entire life cycle of a building using the input amount of major building materials,
An input unit for receiving a code of a plurality of building materials related to the type and quantity of the building material;
A database unit that stores environmental impact coefficients per unit of input amount of a plurality of building materials for each code of the plurality of building materials;
And calculating an input amount for each building material by the code of the plurality of building materials from the input unit,

An operation unit for calculating environmental scores for each building material by the plurality of building materials to derive a plurality of environmental scores; And
And a material selection unit for selecting a major building material in descending order of the ratio of the environmental scores of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of environmental scores derived from the operation unit.
The method of claim 5,
Wherein said environmental impact factor is a global warming environmental impact coefficient for global warming,
Wherein the material selection unit selects the building material reflected in the cumulative environmental score when the ratio of the cumulative environmental score accumulated in the order of the highest environmental score of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of environmental scores reaches 90 to 99% Automated equipment for the evaluation of building life cycle as the first set of major building materials.
The method of claim 6,
Wherein the environmental impact coefficient is an ozone layer reduction environmental influence coefficient for ozone layer reduction,
Wherein the material selection unit selects the building material reflected in the cumulative environmental score when the ratio of the cumulative environmental score accumulated in the order of the highest environmental score of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of environmental scores reaches 90 to 99% Automated equipment for building life cycle evaluation selected by the second set of major building materials.
The method of claim 7,
Wherein the environmental impact factor is an acidification environmental influence coefficient for acidification,
Wherein the material selection unit selects the building material reflected in the cumulative environmental score when the ratio of the cumulative environmental score accumulated in the order of the highest environmental score of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of environmental scores reaches 90 to 99% Automated equipment for the evaluation of building life cycle as the third set of major building materials.
The method of claim 8,
Wherein the environmental impact factor is an eutrophic environmental impact coefficient for eutrophication,
Wherein the material selection unit selects the building material reflected in the cumulative environmental score when the ratio of the cumulative environmental score accumulated in the order of the highest environmental score of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of environmental scores reaches 90 to 99% Automated equipment for building life cycle evaluation selected as the fourth set of major building materials.
The method of claim 9,
Wherein the environmental impact factor is a resource-depleting environmental impact coefficient for resource depletion,
Wherein the material selection unit selects the building material reflected in the cumulative environmental score when the ratio of the cumulative environmental score accumulated in the order of the highest environmental score of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of environmental scores reaches 90 to 99% Automated equipment for the evaluation of building life cycle as the fifth set of major building materials.
The method of claim 10,
Wherein the environmental impact factor is a photochemical oxide environmental impact coefficient for photochemical oxide generation,
Wherein the material selection unit selects the building material reflected in the cumulative environmental score when the ratio of the cumulative environmental score accumulated in the order of the highest environmental score of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of environmental scores reaches 90 to 99% Automated equipment for the evaluation of building life cycle as the sixth set of major building materials.
The method of claim 11,
Wherein the material selection unit selects a building material included in the union of the first set, the second set, the third set, the fourth set, the fifth set, and the sixth set as main building materials, Automated device for evaluation.
The method of claim 12,
Wherein the operation unit has a scenario function for calculating an input amount and an energy source consumption used in a production step, a construction step, an operation step, and a discarding step for a plurality of major building materials, and the scenario function includes a production step, An automation device for the evaluation of building life cycle, which is a function to calculate the input quantity and the consumption quantity by using the repair rate of each major building material and the energy consumption information of the reference construction equipment set in advance for each operational stage and disposal stage.
An automation method for the evaluation of a building's life course, which is applied to a system for evaluating the sustainability of the entire building using the input amount of the major building material, including a database unit storing a unit weight of a plurality of building materials for each code of a plurality of building materials As a result,
A first step of receiving a code of a plurality of building materials related to the type and quantity of the building material;
A second step of calculating a total weight of each building material by a unit weight and a code of each building material stored in the database unit to derive a plurality of total weights; And
And a third step of selecting a major building material in descending order of the ratio of the total weight of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of total weights derived in the second step.
There is provided an automation method for the evaluation of building life cycle which is applied to a system for evaluating the sustainability of the entire building using the input amount of major building materials, including a database unit for storing the unit price of a plurality of building materials for each code of the plurality of building materials As a result,
A fourth step of receiving a code of a plurality of building materials related to the kind and quantity of the building material;
A fifth step of calculating a total cost for each building material by a unit price and a code of each building material stored in the database unit to derive a plurality of total costs; And
And a sixth step of selecting a major building material in descending order of the ratio of the total cost of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of total costs derived in the fifth step.
And a database unit which stores environmental impact coefficients per unit of input amount of a plurality of building materials for each code of a plurality of building materials and evaluates the building life cycle evaluation applied to a system for evaluating the sustainability of all buildings using the input amount of major building materials A method for automation,
A seventh step of receiving a code of a plurality of building materials related to the kind and quantity of the building material;
The amount of each building material is calculated by the code of each building material,

An eighth step of deriving a plurality of environmental scores by calculating an environmental score for each building material by the steps of: And
And a ninth step of selecting a major building material in descending order of the ratio of the environmental score of each building material to the total sum of the plurality of environmental scores derived in the eighth step.
A computer-readable recording medium recording a program for executing an automated method for building life course evaluation according to any one of claims 14 to 16.

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