KR20180068190A - Exhaust gas purification system for vehicle - Google Patents

Exhaust gas purification system for vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20180068190A
KR20180068190A KR1020160169857A KR20160169857A KR20180068190A KR 20180068190 A KR20180068190 A KR 20180068190A KR 1020160169857 A KR1020160169857 A KR 1020160169857A KR 20160169857 A KR20160169857 A KR 20160169857A KR 20180068190 A KR20180068190 A KR 20180068190A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
bypass line
engine
exhaust
manifold
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KR1020160169857A
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Korean (ko)
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이명준
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현대자동차주식회사
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Priority to KR1020160169857A priority Critical patent/KR20180068190A/en
Publication of KR20180068190A publication Critical patent/KR20180068190A/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
    • F02M26/15—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system in relation to engine exhaust purifying apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
    • F02M26/16—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system with EGR valves located at or near the connection to the exhaust system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automotive exhaust gas purifier in which purifying performance is secured in cold of an engine while eliminating an additional structure for increasing the temperature of a mixer and exhaust gas. The automotive exhaust gas purifier according to an embodiment of the present invention can comprise: a bypass line provided so that the exhaust gas of the engine can bypass an exhaust manifold and an intake manifold; a flow control valve which selectively opens and closes the bypass line and adjusts an amount of opening; an injector arranged to inject a reducing agent into the exhaust gas passing through the bypass line; and a posttreatment apparatus for purifying the exhaust gas discharged through the exhaust manifold.

Description

자동차의 배기가스 정화장치{EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION SYSTEM FOR VEHICLE}[0001] EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION SYSTEM FOR VEHICLE [0002]

본 발명은 자동차의 배기가스 정화장치에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 배기가스 중의 공해 물질을 저감시킬 수 있는 자동차의 배기가스 정화장치에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an automobile, and more particularly, to an exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an automobile capable of reducing pollutants in the exhaust gas.

일반적으로, 엔진의 배기 시스템은 배기가스 중에 함유된 공해 물질인 일산화탄소(CO), 탄화수소(HC), 입자상 물질(Particulate Matter), 질소산화물(NOx) 등을 감소시키기 위해 DOC(Diesel Oxidation Catalyst), DPF((Diesel Particulate matter Filter), 및 SCR(Selective Catalyst Reduction), LNT(Lean NOx Trap) 등과 같은 배기가스 후처리 장치를 구비하고 있다.BACKGROUND ART Generally, an exhaust system of an engine includes a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) to reduce carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), particulate matter, nitrogen oxides (NOx) A DPF (Diesel Particulate matter Filter), an SCR (Selective Catalyst Reduction), an LNT (Lean NOx Trap), and the like.

DOC는 배기가스 중의 총 탄화수소와 일산화탄소를 산화시키고, 일산화질소를 이산화질소로 산화시킨다.The DOC oxidizes total hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas and oxidizes nitrogen monoxide to nitrogen dioxide.

DPF는 배기가스에 포함된 입자상 물질을 포집하고 그 입자상 물질을 화학적 변환 과정을 통하여 정화시킨다.The DPF captures the particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas and purifies the particulate matter through a chemical conversion process.

SCR은 인젝터를 통해 배기가스의 스트림 방향으로 분사되는 환원제(요소)가 배기가스의 열에 의해 암모니아(NH3)로 전환되고, SCR 촉매에 의한 배기가스 중의 질소산화물과 암모니아의 촉매 반응으로서 질소산화물을 질소 가스(N2)와 물(H2O)로 환원시킨다.In the SCR, the reducing agent (element) injected in the direction of the exhaust gas through the injector is converted into ammonia (NH3) by the heat of the exhaust gas, and the nitrogen oxide as the catalytic reaction of the nitrogen oxide and ammonia in the exhaust gas by the SCR catalyst It is reduced to gas (N2) and water (H2O).

LNT는 배기가스에 포함된 질소산화물을 흡장하고, 이를 설정된 조건에서 환원제와 반응시켜 제거하는 기능을 수행한다.The LNT functions to absorb nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas and to react with the reducing agent in a predetermined condition to remove the nitrogen oxides.

통상적으로, 배기가스가 DOC 또는 LNT를 경유하여 DPF를 통과하도록 DOC 또는 LNT 및 DPF가 배치되고, DPF를 경유한 배기가스가 통과하도록 SCR이 배치된다.Typically, the DOC or LNT and the DPF are arranged so that the exhaust gas passes through the DPF via the DOC or the LNT, and the SCR is arranged so that the exhaust gas passing through the DPF is passed.

한편, DOC 또는 LNT와 DPF의 사이에서 인젝터에 의해 환원제(요소)가 분사되는 경우, 요소(Urea) 또는 암모니아가 전단 촉매인 DOC 또는 LNT에 접촉되어 NOx가 추가적으로 발생될 수 있다. 이러한 NOx의 추가적인 발생을 방지하기 위하여 분사각이 작은 인젝터가 사용될 수 있다.On the other hand, when a reducing agent (element) is injected by the injector between the DOC or the LNT and the DPF, the Urea or ammonia may be contacted with the DOC or LNT as the shear catalyst, so that NOx may be additionally generated. In order to prevent the further generation of such NOx, an injector having a small injection angle may be used.

하지만, 분사각이 작은 인젝터를 사용하게 되면, 요소 또는 암모니아의 유동 균일도(flow uniformity)가 저하됨과 동시에 촉매 반응을 일으키도록 하는 질소산화물과 암모니아의 혼합 효율이 저하될 수 있다. 따라서, 추가적인 혼합기(Mixer)가 요구될 수 있다.However, when the injector having a small injection angle is used, the flow uniformity of the urea or ammonia is lowered, and the mixing efficiency of the nitrogen oxide and the ammonia, which causes the catalytic reaction, may be lowered. Thus, an additional mixer may be required.

또한, DPF와 SCR의 사이에서 인젝터에 의해 환원제(요소)가 분사되는 경우에도 암모니아가 SCR에 고르게 분포되도록 하는 추가적인 혼합기가 요구될 수 있다.Further, even when the reducing agent (element) is injected by the injector between the DPF and the SCR, an additional mixer may be required to evenly distribute the ammonia to the SCR.

한편, SCR의 정화는 200℃ 이상에서 원활하게 수행되지만, 통상적으로SCR이 배기가스 후처리 장치의 구성요소 중 엔진으로부터 가장 먼 위치인 배기가스 후처리 장치의 가장 후단에 배치되기 때문에 시동 초기 등 엔진의 냉간 시에 SCR의 온도가 상승되지 않아 정화에 불리할 수 있다.On the other hand, since the SCR is smoothly performed at 200 DEG C or higher, the SCR is usually disposed at the rear end of the exhaust gas after-treatment apparatus, which is the farthest position from the engine among the components of the exhaust gas after- The temperature of the SCR is not raised during the cold state of the SCR, which may be detrimental to the purification.

이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 연료가 과다하게 분사되는 경우에는 연비가 악화되고, 배기가스의 온도를 높이기 위한 추가적인 장치가 적용되는 경우에는 비용이 상승한다.In order to solve this problem, when the fuel is injected excessively, the fuel efficiency is deteriorated, and when the additional device for increasing the temperature of the exhaust gas is applied, the cost is increased.

따라서, 본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 창출된 것으로, 본 발명의 목적은 혼합기 및 배기가스의 온도를 높이기 위한 추가적인 구성이 삭제되면서도 엔진의 냉간 시에 정화성능이 확보된 자동차의 배기가스 정화장치를 제공하는 것이다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust gas purifying apparatus and an exhaust gas purifying apparatus, And to provide a purification device.

이러한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 자동차의 배기가스 정화장치는, 엔진의 배기가스가 배기매니폴드로부터 흡기매니폴드에 우회되도록 구비되는 바이패스라인; 상기 바이패스라인을 선택적으로 개폐하고, 개방되는 양을 조절하도록 구비되는 유량조절밸브; 상기 바이패스라인을 통과하는 배기가스에 환원제를 분사하도록 구비되는 인젝터; 및 상기 배기매니폴드를 경유하여 배출되는 배기가스를 정화하는 후저리 장치;를 포함할 수 있다.According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for purifying an exhaust gas of an automobile, the apparatus comprising: a bypass line arranged to bypass exhaust gas from an exhaust manifold to an intake manifold; A flow control valve provided to selectively open and close the bypass line and adjust the amount of opening; An injector provided to inject a reducing agent into the exhaust gas passing through the bypass line; And a rear purge device for purifying the exhaust gas discharged via the exhaust manifold.

상기 바이패스라인을 통한 배기가스의 우회는 엔진의 냉간 시에 수행될 수 있다.The bypass of the exhaust gas through the bypass line can be performed in cold of the engine.

상기 바이패스라인이 개방되는 양은 엔진의 상태에 따라 제어될 수 있다.The amount by which the bypass line is opened can be controlled according to the state of the engine.

상기 바이패스라인에 분사된 환원제는 배기가스와 함께 상기 흡기매니폴드를 경유하여 상기 엔진에 유입될 수 있다.The reducing agent injected into the bypass line may be introduced into the engine via the intake manifold together with the exhaust gas.

상기 후처리 장치는, 상기 배기매니폴드를 경유한 배기가스를 받아들이도록 구비되는 질소산화물 정화장치; 상기 질소산화물 정화장치를 경유한 배기가스를 받아들이도록 구비되는 복합 촉매부; 및 상기 복합 촉매부를 경유한 배기가스를 받아들이도록 구비되는 수동 환원 촉매부;를 포함할 수 있다.Wherein the post-treatment apparatus comprises: a nitrogen oxide purification device provided to receive exhaust gas passed through the exhaust manifold; A composite catalyst unit adapted to receive exhaust gas passed through the nitrogen oxide purification apparatus; And a manual reduction catalyst unit adapted to receive the exhaust gas passed through the composite catalyst unit.

엔진 내에서 연소되거나 질소산화물과 반응하지 않고 배출된 암모니아는 상기 환원 촉매부에 저장되고, 이후의 배기가스에 함유된 질소산화물과 반응할 수 있다.Ammonia that is burned in the engine and discharged without reacting with nitrogen oxides can be stored in the reduction catalyst portion and react with nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas thereafter.

상기 인젝터의 환원제 분사에 의해 엔진의 흡기 중에 수분이 함께 유입될 수 있다.Water can be introduced together with the intake air of the engine by the reducing agent injection of the injector.

상술한 바와 같이 본 발명의 실시예에 따르면, 배기가스의 온도를 높이기 위한 연료의 과다 분사를 방지하여 연비가 향상될 수 있다.As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, excessive fuel injection for increasing the temperature of the exhaust gas can be prevented, and the fuel consumption can be improved.

또한, 혼합기 및 배기가스의 온도를 높이기 위한 추가적인 구성이 삭제됨으로써, 비용이 저감될 수 있다.In addition, the additional configuration for increasing the temperature of the mixer and the exhaust gas is eliminated, so that the cost can be reduced.

나아가, 암모니아가 연소실에 유입됨으로써, 암모니아의 연소에 의해 연비가 향상되고, NOx가 암모니아와 연소실 내에서 반응되는 것에 의해 정화성능이 향상될 수 있다.Furthermore, since ammonia is introduced into the combustion chamber, the fuel efficiency is improved by combustion of ammonia, and the purification performance can be improved by reacting NOx with ammonia in the combustion chamber.

도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 자동차의 배기가스 정화장치의 구성도이다.
도 2는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 후처리 장치의 사시도이다.1 is a configuration diagram of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a perspective view of a post-processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부한 도면에 의거하여 상세하게 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 자동차의 배기가스 정화장치의 구성도이다.1 is a configuration diagram of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 자동차의 배기가스 정화장치는 바이패스라인(20), 유량조절밸브(22), 인젝터(24), 및 후처리 장치(30)를 포함한다.1, an exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a bypass line 20, a flow control valve 22, an injector 24, and a post-treatment apparatus 30 do.

상기 바이패스라인(20)은 엔진(10)의 배기매니폴드(12)와 흡기매니폴드(14)를 연통하도록 구비된다. 여기서, 상기 엔진(10)의 각 실린더로부터 배출되는 배기가스를 모아서 배기통로에 전달하는 통로인 상기 배기매니폴드(12) 및 흡기통로로부터 전달되는 흡기를 상기 엔진의 각 실린더에 안내하는 통로인 흡기매니폴드(14)는 당해 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자(이하, 당업자)에게 자명하므로 이에 대한 더 이상의 자세한 설명은 생략하기로 한다.The bypass line 20 is provided to communicate the exhaust manifold 12 of the engine 10 with the intake manifold 14. Here, the exhaust manifold 12, which is a passage through which the exhaust gas discharged from each cylinder of the engine 10 is collected and transferred to the exhaust passage, and the intake port 12, which is a passage for guiding the intake air delivered from the intake passage to each cylinder of the engine, The manifold 14 is obvious to those skilled in the art (hereinafter, those skilled in the art), so that detailed description thereof will be omitted.

상기 유량조절밸브(22)는 상기 바이패스라인(20)을 선택적으로 개폐하고, 개방되는 양을 조절하도록 상기 바이패스라인(20) 상에 배치된다. 또한, 상기 유량조절밸브(22)가 상기 바이패스라인(20)을 개방하면, 상기 배기매니폴드(12)의 배기가스가 상기 흡기매니폴드(14)로 우회된다. 나아가, 상기 바이패스라인(20)이 개방되는 양에 따라 상기 배기매니폴드(12)로부터 상기 흡기매니폴드(14)에 우회되는 배기가스의 양이 조절된다. 이러한 배기가스의 우회는 엔진의 냉간 시에 수행될 수 있으며, 상기 바이패스라인(20)이 개방되는 양은 엔진의 상태에 따라 제어된다.The flow control valve 22 is disposed on the bypass line 20 to selectively open and close the bypass line 20 and regulate the opening amount. Also, when the flow control valve 22 opens the bypass line 20, the exhaust gas of the exhaust manifold 12 is bypassed to the intake manifold 14. Further, the amount of exhaust gas bypassed from the exhaust manifold 12 to the intake manifold 14 is regulated according to the amount by which the bypass line 20 is opened. This bypassing of the exhaust gas can be performed in cold of the engine, and the amount by which the bypass line 20 is opened is controlled according to the state of the engine.

상기 인젝터(24)는 상기 바이패스라인(20)을 통과하는 배기가스에 환원제(요소, urea)를 분사하도록 상기 바이패스라인(20) 상에 배치된다. 또한, 상기 바이패스라인(20)에 분사된 환원제는 배기가스와 함께 상기 흡기매니폴드(14)를 경유하여 상기 엔진(10)의 연소실에 유입된다. 이 때, 환원제는 상기 바이패스라인(20)을 통과하는 배기가스의 열에 의해 암모니아(NH3)로 전환되고, 암모니아는 상기 바이패스라인(20)을 통과하는 배기가스에 함유된 질소산화물(NOx) 및 연소실에서 연소 중 발생하는 질소산화물과 반응하여 상기 배기매니폴드(12)로 배출되기 전의 배기가스를 정화한다. 여기서, 배기가스의 정화는 질소산화물과 암모니아의 촉매 반응으로서 질소산화물을 질소 가스(N2)와 물(H2O)로 환원시키는 반응에 의해 수행된다.The injector 24 is disposed on the bypass line 20 to inject a reducing agent (urea) into the exhaust gas passing through the bypass line 20. The reducing agent injected into the bypass line 20 flows into the combustion chamber of the engine 10 via the intake manifold 14 together with the exhaust gas. At this time, the reducing agent is converted into ammonia (NH 3 ) by the heat of the exhaust gas passing through the bypass line 20, and ammonia is converted into nitrogen oxide (NO x) contained in the exhaust gas passing through the bypass line And nitrogen oxides generated during combustion in the combustion chamber to purify the exhaust gas before being discharged to the exhaust manifold 12. Here, purification of the exhaust gas is performed by a reaction of reducing nitrogen oxides to nitrogen gas (N 2 ) and water (H 2 O) as catalytic reactions of nitrogen oxide and ammonia.

상기 후처리 장치(30)는 터보차저(16)의 터빈(16a)을 경유한 배기가스를 정화한다.The post-treatment apparatus 30 purifies the exhaust gas via the turbine 16a of the turbocharger 16. The post-

여기서, 상기 터보차저(16)는 터빈(16a) 및 컴프레서(16b)로 구성된다. 또한, 상기 터빈(16a)은 상기 엔진(10)의 배기매니폴드(12)와 연결되고, 상기 배기매니폴드(12)를 경유한 배기가스의 유동에 의해 회전한다. 나아가, 상기 컴프레서(16b)는 상기 터빈(16a)의 회전력에 의해 흡기를 압축하고, 상기 컴프레서(16b)에서 압축된 고압의 흡기는 엔진에 공급된다. 이러한 터보차저(60)는 엔진의 보조장치로서, 당업자에게 자명하므로 이에 대한 더 이상의 자세한 설명은 생략하기로 한다.Here, the turbocharger 16 is composed of a turbine 16a and a compressor 16b. The turbine 16a is connected to the exhaust manifold 12 of the engine 10 and rotates by the flow of the exhaust gas through the exhaust manifold 12. [ Further, the compressor 16b compresses the intake air by the rotational force of the turbine 16a, and the high-pressure intake air compressed by the compressor 16b is supplied to the engine. The turbocharger 60 is an auxiliary device of the engine and will be apparent to those skilled in the art, so that a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

도 2는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 후처리 장치의 사시도이다.2 is a perspective view of a post-processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도 1 및 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 상기 후처리 장치(30)는 질소산화물 정화장치(LNT; lean NOx trap, 32), 복합 촉매부(SDPF: SCR on DPF, 34), 및 수동 환원 촉매부(pSCR: passive selective catalytic reduction, 36)를 포함한다.1 and 2, the post-treatment apparatus 30 includes a NOx trap (LNT) 32, a mixed catalyst portion (SDPF: SCR on DPF) 34, and a manual reduction catalyst (PSCR: passive selective catalytic reduction, 36).

상기 질소산화물 정화장치(32)는 상기 배기매니폴드(12) 및 상기 터빈(16a)을 순차적으로 경유한 배기가스를 받아들이도록 상기 터빈(16a)의 후단에 배치된다. 여기서, 구성요소의 전단 및 후단은 배기가스의 흐름을 기준으로 하며, 배기가스가 구성요소의 전단에서 후단으로 흐르는 것으로 정의된다. 한편, 배기가스에 포함된 질소산화물을 흡장하고, 이를 설정된 조건에서 환원제와 반응시켜 제거하는 상기 질소산화물 정화장치(32)의 기능 및 구성은 당업자에게 자명하다.The nitrogen oxide purification apparatus 32 is disposed at the rear end of the turbine 16a to receive the exhaust gas sequentially passed through the exhaust manifold 12 and the turbine 16a. Here, the front end and the rear end of the component refer to the flow of the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas is defined as flowing from the front end to the rear end of the component. On the other hand, the function and configuration of the nitrogen oxide purification apparatus 32 that absorbs nitrogen oxide contained in the exhaust gas and reacts with the reducing agent under a predetermined condition to remove the nitrogen oxide is apparent to those skilled in the art.

상기 복합 촉매부(34)는 상기 질소산화물 정화장치(32)를 경유한 배기가스를 받아들이도록 상기 질소산화물 정화장치(32)의 후단에 배치된다. 또한, 상기 복합 촉매부(34)는 매연여과필터(DPF: Diesel Particulate Filter)를 기반으로 하며, 상기 매연여과필터에 SCR 촉매 및 산화 촉매를 형성한다. 여기서, 상기 매연여과필터는 배기가스에 포함된 입자상 물질을 포집하고 그 입자상 물질을 화학적 변환 과정을 통하여 정화시키는 장치로서, 당업자에게 자명하므로 이에 대한 자세한 설명은 생략하기로 한다.The composite catalyst portion 34 is disposed at the rear end of the nitrogen oxide purification device 32 so as to receive the exhaust gas passed through the nitrogen oxide purification device 32. Also, the composite catalyst unit 34 is based on a diesel particulate filter (DPF), and forms an SCR catalyst and an oxidation catalyst in the particulate filter. Here, the particulate filter is a device for trapping particulate matter contained in exhaust gas and purifying the particulate matter through a chemical conversion process, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

상기 수동 환원 촉매부(36)는 상기 복합 촉매부(34)를 경유한 배기가스를 받아들이도록 상기 복합 촉매부(34)의 후단에 배치된다. 또한, 상기 수동 환원 촉매부(36)는 환원제(요소)가 배기가스의 열에 의해 암모니아로 전환되고, 선택적 환원 촉매(SCR 촉매)에 의한 배기가스 중의 질소산화물과 암모니아의 촉매 반응으로서 질소산화물을 질소 가스(N2)와 물(H2O)로 환원시키도록 기능한다. 나아가, 통상적인 환원 촉매부보다 용량이 작은 상기 수동 환원 촉매부(36)는 당업자에게 자명하다. 즉, 본 발명의 실시예에 따르면, 상기 바이패스라인(20) 및 상기 바이패스라인(20)에 환원제를 분사하는 상기 인젝터(24)의 구성에 의해 통상적인 환원 촉매부보다 용량이 작은 상기 수동 환원 촉매부(36)의 적용만으로도 배기가스의 정화 성능이 보장될 수 있다.The manual reduction catalyst unit 36 is disposed at the rear end of the composite catalyst unit 34 so as to receive the exhaust gas passed through the composite catalyst unit 34. In addition, the manual reduction catalyst portion 36 is configured such that the reducing agent (urea) is converted to ammonia by the heat of the exhaust gas, and the nitrogen oxide is catalytically reacted with nitrogen oxide and ammonia in the exhaust gas by the selective reduction catalyst (SCR catalyst) Gas (N 2 ) and water (H 2 O). Further, the manual reduction catalyst portion 36 having a capacity smaller than that of the conventional reduction catalyst portion is apparent to those skilled in the art. That is, according to the embodiment of the present invention, by the constitution of the injector 24 for injecting the reducing agent into the bypass line 20 and the bypass line 20, The purification performance of the exhaust gas can be assured only by the application of the reduction catalyst section 36. [

상술한 바와 같이 본 발명의 실시예에 따르면, 배기가스의 온도를 높이기 위한 연료의 과다 분사를 방지하여 연비가 향상될 수 있다. 또한, 혼합기 및 배기가스의 온도를 높이기 위한 추가적인 구성이 삭제됨으로써, 비용이 저감될 수 있다. 나아가, 암모니아가 연소실에 유입됨으로써, 암모니아의 연소에 의해 연비가 향상되고, NOx가 암모니아와 연소실 내에서 반응되는 것에 의해 정화성능이 향상될 수 있다.As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, excessive fuel injection for increasing the temperature of the exhaust gas can be prevented, and the fuel consumption can be improved. In addition, the additional configuration for increasing the temperature of the mixer and the exhaust gas is eliminated, so that the cost can be reduced. Furthermore, since ammonia is introduced into the combustion chamber, the fuel efficiency is improved by combustion of ammonia, and the purification performance can be improved by reacting NOx with ammonia in the combustion chamber.

한편, 연소실 내에서 연소되거나 NOx와 반응하지 않고 배기밸브를 통해 배출된 암모니아는 환원 촉매부(36)에 저장되어 있다가 NOx와 추가적으로 반응하여 정화성능을 높일 수 있다. 이 때, 연소실로부터 배출된 암모니아는 기체상태이기 때문에 혼합기(Mixer)와 같은 추가적인 장치가 없더라도 암모니아가 환원 촉매부(36)에 균일하게 흡장될 수 있다. 따라서, 혼합기의 삭제에 의해 배압이 적어져 연비와 출력이 향상될 수 있다. 나아가, 환원제(Urea 수용액)의 분사를 통해 흡기 중에 수분이 함께 유입됨으로써, 연소 온도가 저감되어 raw NOx가 저감되는 효과도 수반하게 된다.On the other hand, ammonia, which is burned in the combustion chamber or discharged through the exhaust valve without reacting with NOx, is stored in the reduction catalyst section 36, and further reacts with NOx to enhance the purifying performance. At this time, since the ammonia discharged from the combustion chamber is in a gaseous state, ammonia can be uniformly stored in the reduction catalyst section 36 even if there is no additional device such as a mixer. Therefore, the back pressure can be reduced by eliminating the mixer, so that the fuel consumption and the output can be improved. Further, water is also introduced into the intake air through the injection of the reducing agent (aqueous Urea solution), thereby reducing the combustion temperature and reducing the raw NOx.

이상으로 본 발명에 관한 바람직한 실시예를 설명하였으나, 본 발명은 상기 실시예에 한정되지 아니하며, 본 발명의 실시예로부터 당해 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에 의한 용이하게 변경되어 균등하다고 인정되는 범위의 모든 변경을 포함한다.While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, And all changes to the scope that are deemed to be valid.

Claims (7)

엔진의 배기가스가 배기매니폴드로부터 흡기매니폴드에 우회되도록 구비되는 바이패스라인;
상기 바이패스라인을 선택적으로 개폐하고, 개방되는 양을 조절하도록 구비되는 유량조절밸브;
상기 바이패스라인을 통과하는 배기가스에 환원제를 분사하도록 구비되는 인젝터; 및
상기 배기매니폴드를 경유하여 배출되는 배기가스를 정화하는 후저리 장치;
를 포함하는 자동차의 배기가스 정화장치.A bypass line provided so that exhaust gas of the engine is bypassed from the exhaust manifold to the intake manifold;
A flow control valve provided to selectively open and close the bypass line and adjust the amount of opening;
An injector provided to inject a reducing agent into the exhaust gas passing through the bypass line; And
A rear hopper for purifying the exhaust gas discharged via the exhaust manifold;
And an exhaust gas purifying device for purifying exhaust gas of the automobile. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 바이패스라인을 통한 배기가스의 우회는 엔진의 냉간 시에 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차의 배기가스 정화장치. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the bypass of the exhaust gas through the bypass line is performed in cold of the engine. 제2항에 있어서,
상기 바이패스라인이 개방되는 양은 엔진의 상태에 따라 제어되는 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차의 배기가스 정화장치.3. The method of claim 2,
And the amount of opening of the bypass line is controlled according to the state of the engine. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 바이패스라인에 분사된 환원제는 배기가스와 함께 상기 흡기매니폴드를 경유하여 상기 엔진에 유입되는 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차의 배기가스 정화장치.The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the reducing agent injected into the bypass line flows into the engine via the intake manifold together with the exhaust gas. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 후처리 장치는,
상기 배기매니폴드를 경유한 배기가스를 받아들이도록 구비되는 질소산화물 정화장치;
상기 질소산화물 정화장치를 경유한 배기가스를 받아들이도록 구비되는 복합 촉매부; 및
상기 복합 촉매부를 경유한 배기가스를 받아들이도록 구비되는 수동 환원 촉매부;
를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차의 배기가스 정화장치.The method according to claim 1,
The post-
A nitrogen oxide purification device provided to receive the exhaust gas passed through the exhaust manifold;
A composite catalyst unit adapted to receive exhaust gas passed through the nitrogen oxide purification apparatus; And
A manual reduction catalyst unit adapted to receive exhaust gas passed through the composite catalyst unit;
And an exhaust gas purifying device for purifying exhaust gas of the automobile. 제1항에 있어서,
엔진 내에서 연소되거나 질소산화물과 반응하지 않고 배출된 암모니아는 상기 환원 촉매부에 저장되고, 이후의 배기가스에 함유된 질소산화물과 반응하는 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차의 배기가스 정화장치.The method according to claim 1,
Wherein ammonia discharged from the engine without being burned or reacted with nitrogen oxides is stored in the reducing catalyst unit and reacts with nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 인젝터의 환원제 분사에 의해 엔진의 흡기 중에 수분이 함께 유입되는 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차의 배기가스 정화장치.The method according to claim 1,
Wherein water is simultaneously introduced into the intake air of the engine by the reducing agent injection of the injector.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106948955A (en) * 2015-12-11 2017-07-14 现代自动车株式会社 The apparatus and method for purifying waste gas

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106948955A (en) * 2015-12-11 2017-07-14 现代自动车株式会社 The apparatus and method for purifying waste gas
CN106948955B (en) * 2015-12-11 2020-12-15 现代自动车株式会社 Device and method for purifying exhaust gases

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