KR20180062176A - Display device - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a display device in which a viewing angle is controlled by attaching a shielding pattern to the upper part of a polarizing plate. The display device according to the present invention includes a display panel for implementing an image, a second base layer disposed on the display panel, a polarizing film disposed on the second base layer, a first base layer disposed on the polarizing film, and a polarizing plate composed of a light control pattern layer disposed on the first base layer.

Description

Display device {DISPLAY DEVICE}

The present invention relates to a display device, and more particularly, to a display device capable of controlling a viewing angle.

Flat panel displays (FPDs) have been replaced with conventional cathode ray tube (CRT) display devices to provide a compact and lightweight display device for portable computers such as notebook computers, PDAs, and mobile phone terminals as well as monitors of desktop computers Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > system. ≪ / RTI > Currently, flat panel display devices commercialized include a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light emitting diode (OLED), and the like.

Recently, the display device is also used as a navigator, allowing the user to enjoy the image and guiding the user to the location and the road. Such a display device is a personal display device, which not only can display a desired movie or video program according to a user's preference, but also can display a road while driving while guiding the road to a destination.

 However, in the case where a display device is installed in an automobile to display an image, the concentration of the driver may be deteriorated, which may interfere with the operation. Further, in the case where the display device is a vehicle- mounted device such as a car navigation system, There may be a problem that it is reflected from the windshield of the automobile to obstruct the view of the driver.

In order to solve this problem, the display device may have a viewing angle control film for preventing unnecessary progress of light emitted by the panel in a direction away from the viewing axis. When the viewing angle control film is provided, unnecessary light leakage in the side direction can be effectively prevented.

1 is a view showing an organic light emitting display device having a conventional viewing angle control film.

1, an OLED display 10 mounted on a vehicle includes an organic light emitting display panel 11, a touch panel 12, a polarizing plate 13, and a viewing angle control film 14, .

The organic light emitting display panel 11 is a self-luminous display panel that electrically excites an organic compound to emit light. The organic light emitting display panel 11 is divided into a passive matrix and an active matrix according to a method of driving N × M unit pixels arranged in a matrix form. The active matrix type organic light emitting display panel is advantageous in that it consumes less power than a passive matrix type and is suitable for realizing a large area and has a high resolution.

1, the touch panel 12 provided in the organic light emitting diode display 10 mounted on a vehicle may be implemented in an on-cell manner or may be implemented in an add-on manner Can also be implemented.

The polarizing plate 13 is disposed on the organic light emitting display panel 11 in order to prevent the sharp deterioration of the image quality of the organic light emitting display device 10 due to the external light reflection characteristics, Emitting surface.

As described above, the viewing angle control film 14 is emitted in a direction away from the visual axis axis in order to solve the problem that the image displayed on the organic light emitting display device 10 is reflected from the windshield of the automobile and obstructs the view of the driver It blocks light.

Here, the viewing angle control film 14 is manufactured by a separate process, and the process of attaching the polarizing plate 13 again after the polarizing plate 13 is attached is required. Therefore, additional processing time and fabrication cost are required to attach the viewing angle control film 14. In addition, due to the thickness of the viewing angle control film 14, the overall thickness of the organic light emitting display 10 is increased, which makes it difficult to reduce the thickness.

An object of the present invention is to provide a display device capable of controlling a viewing angle by attaching a shielding pattern to an upper portion of a polarizing plate.

A display device according to the present invention includes a display panel and a polarizing plate.

The polarizing plate may include a polarizing film disposed on the display panel to control external light reflection and a light control pattern layer disposed on the polarizing film.

Wherein the display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels each including a plurality of gate lines arranged on the non-opening portion and a plurality of data lines intersecting with each other, the plurality of sub-pixels being composed of an opening through which light is transmitted and a non- , And the shielding pattern may be disposed on a non-opening portion of the display panel.

A viewing angle can be controlled by providing a light control pattern layer inside the polarizing layer. As a result, the display device does not need to have a separate viewing angle control film, so that the manufacturing of the display device can be simplified. Further, the thickness of the light control pattern layer of the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention is thinner than the thickness of the viewing angle control film in the conventional display device, so that the display device can be made thinner.

1 is a view showing an organic light emitting display device having a conventional viewing angle control film.
2 is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of the polarizing plate shown in Fig.
4A to 4C are cross-sectional views of the light control pattern layer shown in FIG.
5A and 5B are diagrams showing a layout structure of a light shielding pattern of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the display device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The advantages and features of the present invention, and the manner of achieving them, will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but is capable of many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, To fully disclose the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art, and the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification. The dimensions and relative sizes of the layers and regions in the figures may be exaggerated for clarity of illustration.

It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being another element or "on" or "on ", it includes both intervening layers or other elements in the middle, do. On the other hand, when a device is referred to as "directly on" or "directly above ", it does not intervene another device or layer in the middle.

The terms spatially relative, "below," "lower," "above," "upper," and the like, And may be used to easily describe the correlation with other elements or components. Spatially relative terms should be understood to include, in addition to the orientation shown in the drawings, terms that include different orientations of the device during use or operation. For example, when inverting an element shown in the figures, an element described as "below" or "beneath" of another element may be placed "above" another element. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can include both downward and upward directions.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In the present specification, the singular form includes plural forms unless otherwise specified in the specification. &Quot; comprise "and / or" comprising ", as used in the specification, means that the presence of stated elements, Or additions.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The display device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described by taking an organic light emitting display as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto and the display device according to an embodiment of the present invention may correspond to another kind of display device such as a liquid crystal display device.

Referring to FIG. 2, the display device 100 may include a plurality of thin film transistors 125 and an organic light emitting diode 135 on a lower substrate 120. 2, one thin film transistor and an organic light emitting diode are shown for convenience of explanation.

Here, the lower substrate 120 may be made of a transparent glass material having SiO 2 as a main component. The lower substrate 120 is not limited thereto, and various substrates such as a transparent plastic material or a metal material can be used.

An insulating layer 112 such as a barrier layer and / or a buffer layer may be formed on the upper surface of the lower substrate 120 to prevent impurity ions from diffusing, to prevent penetration of moisture or outside air, and to planarize the surface. have.

A thin film transistor 125 is formed as a driving circuit on the insulating layer 112. In the embodiment of the present invention, a top gate thin film transistor 125 is shown as an example of a thin film transistor. However, it is needless to say that a thin film transistor having another structure may be provided.

An active layer 121 of a thin film transistor is formed on the insulating layer 112 by a semiconductor material, and a gate insulating layer 113 is formed to cover the active layer 121. The active layer 121 may be an inorganic semiconductor such as amorphous silicon or polysilicon or an organic semiconductor, and has a source region, a drain region, and a channel region therebetween.

A gate electrode 122 is formed on the gate insulating film 113, and an interlayer insulating film 114 is formed to cover the gate electrode 122. The source and drain electrodes 123 are connected to the active layer 121 through the contact holes 124 and the planarization layer 115 is sequentially formed on the interlayer insulating layer 114 to cover the active layer 121.

The laminated structure of the thin film transistor as described above is not necessarily limited to this, and thin film transistors having various structures can be applied.

A first electrode 131 which is an electrode of the organic light emitting diode 135 is formed on the planarization layer 115 and electrically connected to the source and drain electrodes 123 through the via hole 130.

And a second electrode 133 opposed to the first electrode 131.

The first electrode 131 functions as an anode electrode, and the second electrode 133 functions as a cathode electrode. Of course, the polarities of the first electrode 131 and the second electrode 133 may be reversed.

The first electrode 131 may be a transparent electrode or a reflective electrode. In the case of using a transparent electrode, it may be formed of ITO, IZO, ZnO, or In2O3, and when it is provided as a reflective electrode, Ag, Mg, Al, Pt, Pd, Au, Ni, Nd, Ir, Cr, And a transparent film formed of ITO, IZO, ZnO, or In2O3.

The second electrode 133 may be a transparent electrode or a reflective electrode. When the second electrode 133 is provided as a transparent electrode, the second electrode 133 may be formed by depositing Li, Ca, LiF / Ca, LiF / And an auxiliary electrode or bus electrode line formed of a transparent conductive material such as ITO, IZO, ZnO, or In 2 O 3 on the film. When the reflective electrode is provided, it may be formed of Li, Ca, LiF / Ca, LiF / Al, Al, Mg, or a compound thereof.

Meanwhile, when the lower substrate 120 includes the thin film transistor 125, the first electrode 131 patterned for each subpixel is electrically connected to the thin film transistor of each subpixel. At this time, the second electrode 133 may be formed as a common electrode connected to all the sub-pixels.

An organic layer 132 is interposed between the first electrode 131 and the second electrode 133.

The organic film 132 may be formed of a low-molecular or high-molecular organic material. When a low molecular organic material is used, a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), an emission layer (EML), an electron transport layer (ETL) : electron injection layer, etc.) may be laminated in a single or a composite structure. The usable organic material may be copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), N, N-di (naphthalen- N-diphenyl-benzidine NPB, tris-8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum (Alq3), tris- )

And the like. These low-molecular organic substances can be formed by a vacuum deposition method using masks.

In the case of the polymer organic material, the hole transport layer HTL and the emission layer EML may be formed of a hole transport layer (HTL) and a light emitting layer (EML). In this case, PEDOT is used as the hole transport layer HTL and Poly- And a polyfluorene-based polymer organic material.

The sealing substrate 300 seals the lower substrate 120 using a sealant. The sealing substrate 300 may be formed of various materials such as glass or plastic material.

Although not shown, a touch panel (not shown) may be an add-on method for attaching a touch sensor module on the encapsulation substrate 300 or an on-cell ) Method.

The polarizer 350 is formed on the lower part of the lower substrate 120 and is provided on the path of the light emitted from the organic light emitting diode 135. Here, the embodiment according to the present invention will be described by taking a case of a bottom emission in which light emitted is emitted to a lower portion of the lower substrate 120 as an example. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, (top emission). In the case of a mission in the top, the polarizer 350 may be disposed on the sealing substrate 300.

The polarizing plate 350 functions to improve the visibility of the OLED display 100 by blocking the reflection of light incident from the outside of the OLED display 100. In addition, as described later, the polarizing plate 350 according to the OLED display 100 of the present invention may include a light control pattern layer 352 to adjust the viewing angle.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the polarizing plate shown in Fig.

3, the polarizing plate 350 includes a polarizing film 354 for polarizing light, a retardation layer (not shown), first and second base layers 351 and 355 surrounding the polarizing film 354 A light control pattern layer 352 including a light shielding pattern, and a protective layer 353. [

The polarizing film 354 aligns the direction of light and divides the incident light into two polarizing components orthogonal to each other, allowing only one component to pass therethrough and the other component to absorb or disperse. Here, the two polarization components orthogonal to each other include not only orthogonal linear polarization components but also orthogonal left and right polarized light components.

The polarizing film 354 may be an iodine polarizing film, a dye-based polarizing film, or a polyene-based polarizing film, or a material containing both the iodine and dye used in the dye-based polarizing film at the same time. The iodine polarizing film exhibits polarization by being oriented by a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) chain in which the iodine ion chain is oriented in a stretched state. The dye-based polarizing film is also oriented by the PVA chain in which the dichroic dye is oriented by stretching Thereby exhibiting a polarizing property. On the other hand, the polyene polarizing film exhibits a polarizing property by forming a polyene by a dehydration reaction of a PVA film or a dehydrochlorination reaction of a PVC film.

The polarizing film 354 may be formed by heating the PVA film while stretching it and then immersing it in an iodic acid and / or a dichroic dye solution, a method of forming an iodic acid and / or a dichroic dye solution by PVA A method in which the film is adsorbed on a film and then stretched, and a method in which salt and stretching are simultaneously carried out.

The polarizing film 354 has an absorption axis and a polarization axis, and the absorption axis is an axis in which an iodine ion chain or a dichroic dye is oriented in a stretched direction. One of the two vertical components of light oscillating in an arbitrary direction is polarized And is the axis that destroys the light component in the process that the electric energy of light is converted into the energy of the electron. The polarization axis is an axis perpendicular to this absorption axis, and transmits light that oscillates in the direction of the polarization axis.

The polarizing film 354 having undergone the stretching process can be easily shrunk or deformed at room temperature. In order to prevent this, a first base layer 351 and a second base layer 355 are provided as support layers on both sides of the polarizing film 354, respectively.

Although not shown, a phase retardation layer (not shown) is disposed under the polarizing film 354 to delay the phase of the polarized light by a quarter wavelength. For example, when the light is polarized in the polarizing film 354 as a left circularly polarized light component and a right circularly polarized light component, it converts the circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light. The phase retarded and polarized light is reflected inside the organic light emitting display 100, and the phase is opposite. The reflected light is blocked without passing through the polarizing film 354. In this way, the light incident on the organic light emitting diode display 100 from the outside is not reflected but is blocked.

The first base layer 351 and the second base layer 355 support the stretched polarizing film 354 and protect the polarizing film 354 from external impact or the like, Moisture and mechanical strength.

The first base layer 351 and the second base layer 355 are transparent polymer films having excellent light transmittance. Examples of the transparent polymer film include triacetyl-cellulose (TAC), polycarbonate or polyarylate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene But are not limited to, polyesters such as naphthalates, polysulfones, olefinic polymers, norbornene polymers, acrylic polymers, styrene polymers, and polymers obtained by mixing two or more of these polymers.

4A to 4C are cross-sectional views of the light control pattern layer shown in FIG.

The light control pattern layer 352 is disposed on the first base layer 351 and blocks the path of light polarized from the polarizing film 354 to control the viewing angle.

4A to 4C, the light control pattern layer 352 includes a plurality of light shielding patterns 352a arranged in a line, and the light shielding pattern 352a is formed by using the light shielding pattern 352a, The viewing angle can be adjusted.

The light shielding pattern 352a is formed of a light shielding material that absorbs or reflects light. Examples of the light shielding material include a dark pigment such as a black pigment or a gray pigment, a dark color dye such as a black dye or a gray dye, Metal oxides, dark colored pigments or dyestuff polymers, and the like can be used.

The interval P of the light shielding patterns 352a may be 10um to 150um corresponding to the sizes of the sub pixels R and G and the height H of the light shielding pattern 352a may be 50um to 250um . Here, the image display direction of the OLED display 100, that is, the traveling direction of light transmitted from the OLED display 100 to the user is defined as a first direction, and a direction perpendicular to the first direction is defined as a 2 direction. The distance P between the light-shielding patterns 352a means the distance between the center of the upper or lower side of the light-shielding pattern 352a with reference to the second direction, as shown in Figs. 4A to 4C . The wider the interval between the light-shielding patterns 352a, the wider the viewing angle. The higher the light-shielding pattern 352a, the narrower the viewing angle becomes. Therefore, the height H and the interval P of the light-shielding pattern 352a can be adjusted according to the user's need for viewing angle in consideration of the above tendency.

Further, a plurality of light-shielding patterns 352a are arranged in at least one direction to control the viewing angle. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, a description will be made with reference to a light-shielding pattern 352a in which a plurality of light-shielding patterns 352a are arranged in one direction.

4A, the length of one surface adjacent to the user may be the same as the length of the other surface opposite to the one surface, with respect to the first direction, with respect to the light-shielding pattern 352a. That is, the length of one surface adjacent to the user and the length of the other surface facing the one surface may be the same as the first length L1 based on the first direction. As shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C, the length of one surface adjacent to the user may be different from the length of the other surface facing the one surface, with respect to the first direction, with respect to the light-shielding pattern 352a. That is, the length of the one surface may have a second length L2, and the length of the other surface may have a third length L3.

The second length L2 may be longer than the third length L3 and the third length L3 may be 0.5 times the length of the second length L2. Accordingly, the light-shielding pattern 352a may be formed to be gradually widened along the first direction which is the traveling direction of light.

In addition, each end of the one surface of the light-shielding pattern 352a and each end of the other surface may be connected to each other in various shapes such as a straight line or a curved line.

4A, the cross-section of the light-shielding pattern 352a-1 may be a rectangle, as shown in FIG. 4B, and the cross-section of the light- The cross section of the light shielding pattern 352a-2 may be trapezoidal, and the cross section of the light shielding pattern 352a-3 may be triangular as shown in Fig. 4C.

The transmissive portion 352b between the light-shielding patterns 352a is formed of a polymer having a high light transmittance. Examples of such a polymer include a cellulose resin (e.g., cellulose acetate butyrate, triacetyl cellulose, etc.), a polyolefin resin (e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene, and the like), a thermosetting resin ), A polyester resin (e.g., polyethylene terephthalate), polystyrene, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, an acrylic resin, a polycarbonate resin, and the like.

As described above, the light control pattern layer 352 may be composed of a light shielding pattern 352a and a transmission portion 352b which are formed at intersections.

In the light control pattern layer 352, first, a transmissive portion 352b may be formed after the light shielding pattern 352a is formed. For example, when the light-shielding pattern 352a is a metal or a metal oxide, the light-shielding pattern 352a is formed by a deposition method through mask patterning. Thereafter, the transmission portion 352b can be formed by coating and curing a high molecular polymer having a high light transmittance. On the other hand, when the light-shielding pattern 352a is a polymer such as a resin including a black pigment, the light-shielding pattern 352a may be formed through a printing process such as spin coating, inkjet or the like. Thereafter, the transmission portion 352b can be formed by coating and curing a high molecular polymer having a high light transmittance.

In addition, the light control pattern layer 352 may be formed with a light shielding pattern 352a after the transmissive portion 352b is formed first. First, a polymer having a high light transmittance is applied, and a pattern is formed using a photoresist film or a mold press. Thereafter, the light control pattern layer 352 may be formed by coating a resin containing a black pigment on the patterned portion.

5A and 5B are diagrams showing a layout structure of a light shielding pattern of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The light-shielding patterns 352a provided in the polarizing plate 350 of the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention are formed in a plurality of rod-like shapes and can be arranged in a line.

5A, the display device 100 includes a plurality of subpixels defined by intersecting a plurality of gate lines (not shown) and a plurality of data lines (not shown), that is, (PX) having a red subpixel (G), a red subpixel (R), and a blue subpixel (B), and the pixel (PX) includes an opening (OP) through which light is transmitted and a non- NOP). The non-opening portion NOP may be provided with components such as the data line and the gate line. The light shielding pattern 352a may be disposed on the non-opening portion NOP of the pixel PX and may have a constant width along the extending direction of the gate line or the data line. For example, the plurality of light-shielding patterns 352a may be overlapped with the gate lines, or may be overlapped with the data lines. By arranging the light-shielding pattern 352a in this way, the light emitted from the opening portion OP is transmitted as far as possible, and the brightness of the display device 100 can be improved.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5B, the rod shape, that is, the light shielding pattern 352a extending in a constant width can be arranged at an angle without being arranged side by side with the non-opening portion NOP of the pixel PX. That is, the light shielding pattern 352a may be disposed in a part of the opening OP of the pixel PX. At this time, the non-opening portions NOP of the light-shielding pattern 352a and the pixel PX can be arranged at an angle? _T within 10 degrees. More specifically, the data line or the gate line disposed in the light-shielding pattern 352a and the non-opening portion NOP may be disposed at an angle? _T within 10 degrees. By arranging the light-shielding pattern 352a in this way, it is possible to prevent a moire phenomenon caused by repetition of the pattern of the same pixel.

Lastly, the passivation layer 353 may be formed of a silica-based material on the OLED display 100 to improve durability, moisture resistance, and mechanical strength of the OLED display 100 . Here, the haze of the protective layer 353 may be less than 10% to prevent moire phenomenon. The haze can be controlled through the application amount of the fine particles inside the protective layer 353.

In this way, the viewing angle can be controlled by providing a light control pattern layer inside the polarizing layer. As a result, the display device does not need to have a separate viewing angle control film, so that the manufacturing of the display device can be simplified. Further, the thickness of the light control pattern layer of the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention is thinner than the thickness of the viewing angle control film in the conventional display device, so that the display device can be made thinner.

While a number of embodiments have been described in detail above, it should be construed as being illustrative of preferred embodiments rather than limiting the scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described, but should be determined by equivalents to the appended claims and the claims.

Claims (11)

A display panel for implementing an image; And
And a polarizing plate disposed on the display panel and having a polarizing film for controlling external light reflection and a light control pattern layer disposed on the polarizing film. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the light control pattern layer includes a plurality of light shielding patterns arranged in a line. 3. The method of claim 2,
And a distance from a center portion of the light-shielding pattern to a center portion of the adjacent light-shielding pattern is 10um to 150um. 3. The method of claim 2,
And the height of the shielding pattern is 50um to 250um. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the light shielding pattern has a length of one surface adjacent to the user and a length of the other surface opposite to the one surface, 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the light shielding pattern has a length of one surface adjacent to the user and a length of the other surface opposite to the one surface, which are different from each other with respect to a first direction that is the traveling direction of light. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein a length of the one surface of the light-shielding pattern is longer than a length of the other surface. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the display panel is divided into an opening through which light is transmitted and a non-
A plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines arranged on the non-
A plurality of subpixels defined by intersecting lines,
Wherein the shielding pattern is disposed on a non-opening portion of the display panel. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the shielding pattern is a gate line disposed on a non-opening portion of the display panel or
And the data lines are overlapped with each other. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the shielding pattern is formed along the extension direction of the gate line or the data line
The display device being arranged in parallel with a predetermined width. 9. The method of claim 8,
The light-shielding pattern may be a data line disposed at a non-
The display device is arranged diagonally at an angle of less than 10 degrees with the gate line.

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