KR20180022278A - A apparatus for acquiring a various energy from sunlight - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus using solar energy, which condenses solar energy using a Fresnel lens, performs solar power generation with high efficiency using condensed sunlight, and at the same time, obtains thermal energy using light having a wavelength which contributes to the heat generation among sunlight. According to the present invention, the apparatus using solar energy comprises: a main body having an opened front surface with a large diameter, an opened rear surface with a small diameter, and having a container structure of a quadrangular pyramid shape; a condensing unit installed to block the front surface of the main body, and condensing sunlight passing through the front surface thereof in a rear direction; an installation frame installed to block the rear surface of the main body; a power generation unit installed at a front surface of the installation frame, and generating electricity using the sunlight condensed by the condensing unit; a light guide unit installed to protrude forward of the power generation unit, and guiding the sunlight incident on the power generation unit to be irradiated to the power generation unit; a beam splitting unit installed on a front surface of the light guide unit, and passing sunlight having a wavelength suitable for power generation of the power generation unit among the sunlight condensed by the condensing unit, and reflecting sunlight having a wavelength not suitable for power generation forward; a heat medium heating unit installed in front of the beam splitting unit inside the main body, and heating a heat medium using the sunlight reflected by the beam splitting unit; and a heat radiating unit installed on a rear surface of the installation frame, and radiating heat generated by the power generation unit.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a solar energy utilization apparatus,

The present invention relates to a solar energy utilization apparatus, and more particularly, to a solar energy utilization apparatus that condenses solar energy using a Fresnel lens, performs solar power generation with high efficiency using condensed sunlight, And a solar energy utilization apparatus that acquires heat energy using light of a wavelength.

A solar cell, which is called a solar cell, is one of the most commonly used photovoltaic devices that generate electric energy by using solar energy. The solar cell is mainly made of silicon material, And has a principle of generating electricity by using the photoelectric effect in the light wavelength region.

It is reported that solar cells using Si (silicon) material absorb only wavelengths in the wavelength range from 0.3 to 1.1 μm, and these wavelength regions are mainly visible light band, There is a problem that the absorption efficiency is very low in the infrared region.

More specifically, the solar cell using the silicon material not only has low absorption efficiency of sunlight in the infrared wavelength range, but also increases the surface temperature of the solar cell, thereby reducing the power generation efficiency. In other words, during the daytime of the summer when the sunlight is very strong, the sunlight is strong and the light intensity is high. However, the surface temperature of the solar cell is excessively increased and the power generation efficiency is deteriorated.

Various materials other than silicon (Si) are used as the material of the solar cell, and they have different wavelength range zones which are absorbed by the characteristics of the material. The problem is that each material has its own absorption wavelength range, It is very difficult to use at the same time.

As a technology for expanding the absorption wavelength range of sunlight, in the case of Korean Patent No. 589323 'fuel-sensitized solar cell with a broad absorption band of light', the optical absorption wavelength band of the solar cell is expanded by a specific complex dye adsorbed on the porous film However, the nano-sized porous film is fabricated and the optical absorption region is not enlarged in cost compared to the cost required to prepare a specific composite dye to be adsorbed thereon, and the wide optical absorption region can be solved simultaneously from the visible light region to the infrared region. There is a problem that the limit is followed.

On the other hand, another solar power generation system is a solar power generation apparatus using a thermoelectric element. The thermoelectric element generates a thermoelectric effect through the Seebeck effect, the Peltier effect, and the Thomson effect due to the temperature difference between the substrate heated by the sunlight and the substrate cooled by the cooling part. This means creating electricity by creating electricity.

As a prior art for solar power generation using these thermoelectric elements, Korean Patent Registration No. 868492 entitled "Photovoltaic Device with Thermoelectric Device", Domestic Utility Model Registration No. 223071 "Heating and cooling using solar cell and thermoelectric cooler Device ', Korean Utility Model Registration No. 259618,' solar heating system '.

As described above, when the thermoelectric elements and the solar cells are combined, it is doubtful whether the solar cells can improve the power generation efficiency when the thermoelectric elements are combined because the power generation efficiency of the solar cells is low. Further, Is not used to increase the solar power generation efficiency itself but to a level that is used for the conversion from the overheating phenomenon to the cooling of the solar cell.

For example, Korean Patent No. 868492 discloses that the problem of deterioration of a solar cell can be prevented by dispersing excessive heat of a solar cell through a thermoelectric element by using the Peltier effect, But is used merely to exhibit a heat dispersion effect.

When electricity is generated using the thermoelectric element, it can be understood that the power generation is performed by using the temperature difference between the heated substrate surface and the cooled substrate surface. Generally, when the temperature difference between the heating plate and the cooling plate of the thermoelectric element is maintained at about 300 ° C., the generation capacity is about 14 watt when the size of the thermoelectric element is, for example, 50 mm × 50 mm, watt or more has been developed in Russia or Germany is reported.

However, if a heater is used to heat the heating plate in order to secure the temperature difference between both side plates of the thermoelectric element, a very inefficient phenomenon occurs in which the heat capacity required for the heater is further increased. Therefore, in order to develop more meaningfully and efficiently through the thermoelectric element, it is possible to propose a heat source that does not require cost, that is, a waste heat recovery power generation, hot heat and geothermal heat. In particular, by using solar energy that is environment- It is necessary to secure the high-temperature temperature.

As a result, in the currently used photovoltaic power generation, the technology to prevent the overheating of the device to prevent the degradation of the efficiency, and the selective selection of the light of the wavelength range suitable for the power generation of the device to improve the power generation efficiency, and to obtain the heat energy separately in the non- The development of a technology that can be used is urgently required.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method and apparatus for collecting solar energy using a Fresnel lens and performing solar power generation with high efficiency using condensed sunlight and using light of a wavelength that contributes to generation of heat in solar light And to provide a solar energy utilization device that also obtains thermal energy.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar energy utilizing apparatus comprising: a main body having a front surface opened to a large diameter, a rear surface opened to a small diameter, and a tubular structure having a quadrangular pyramid shape; A light collecting part installed to block the front surface of the main body and condensing sunlight passing through the front surface in the rear direction; An installation frame installed to block the rear surface of the main body; A power generator installed on a front surface of the installation frame and generating electric power using solar light collected by the light collecting unit; A photocathode installed to protrude forward of the power generator and guiding sunlight incident on the power generator to the power generator; A beam splitting unit that is installed on a front surface of the light source and reflects solar light having a wavelength suitable for power generation of the power generation unit among the sunlight condensed by the light collection unit and having a wavelength not suitable for power generation; A heating medium heating unit installed in front of the beam splitting unit in the main body and heating the heating medium using sunlight reflected by the beam splitting unit; And a heat dissipation unit installed on a rear surface of the installation frame to dissipate heat generated in the power generation unit.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the light-collecting unit comprises a Fresnel lens.

Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that the inside of the light guide has a light-emitting internal structure that agrees with a cross-sectional shape of the focused light passing through the beam splitting portion.

In the apparatus for using solar energy according to the present invention, it is preferable that the main body is further formed with a ventilation hole formed to penetrate the main body and ventilating the inside and the outside of the main body.

According to the solar energy utilizing apparatus of the present invention, the Fresnel lens is used to condense solar energy, to perform solar power generation with high efficiency using condensed sunlight, and at the same time to utilize light of a wavelength It also has the advantage of obtaining thermal energy. Particularly, since only light of a wavelength suitable for photovoltaic generation is used for power generation among the sunlight condensed by a unique structure of the photocathode and the beam splitting portion, the power generation efficiency is very high, and the beam splitting portion reflects Since the long wavelength light is used for the acquisition of heat energy, there is an advantage that the solar cell is not heated excessively.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a solar energy utilizing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a perspective view showing a structure of a solar energy utilizing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another structure of a solar energy utilizing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the structure of a beam splitter and a beam splitter according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.
5 is a view showing a combined state of a power generating unit, a light source inside, and a beam splitting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of a ventilation hole and a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 7 and 8 are views showing an optical path in a solar energy utilizing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1, the solar energy utilizing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment includes a main body 110, a light collecting unit 120, an installation frame 130, a power generating unit 140, a light source inside 150, A beam splitting portion 160, a heating medium heating portion 180, and a heat dissipation portion 190.

First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the main body 110 has an inner space having a hollow cylindrical structure, and has a quadrangular pyramid shape as a whole. Further, the front surface of the main body 110 may be made of a metal material or a plastic material which is opened to a large diameter and the rear surface is opened to a small diameter and is easy to manufacture. It is preferable that the main body 110 is made of a material which does not cause deformation so that the initial condition that sunlight condensed in the light collecting part 120 is irradiated toward the power generating part 140 is not changed.

In order to prevent deformation of the main body 110, a supporting frame 111 may be additionally provided on the outer surface of the main body 110. As shown in FIG. 2, a mounting bracket 114 may be further provided at the front opening of the main body 110 to stably install the light-collecting unit 120.

1 and 3, the light collecting unit 120 is installed to block the open front of the main body 110, and as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, And condenses the light in the rear direction. Particularly, it is preferable that the light collecting part 120 is set so that sunlight is condensed in the direction of the power generation part 140, and it is preferable that the light collecting part 120 is made of a Fresnel lens which is easy to install and manufacture.

The light collecting unit 120 may include a sealing member (not shown) to prevent gas or liquid from penetrating when a gap is formed between the main body 110 and the light collecting unit 120 in a state where the light collecting unit 120 is installed on the main body 110 It is preferable that they are firmly coupled to each other.

Next, the mounting frame 130 has a plate shape as a whole and is installed to block the rear surface of the main body 110. The installation frame 130 provides a space in which other components such as the power generation unit 140, the heat dissipation unit 180, and the light source unit 150 can be installed. In the present embodiment, the mounting frame 130 may be made of a metal material having a high thermal conductivity, and may be integrally formed with a heat dissipating unit 180 described later for effective heat dissipation.

1 and 3, the power generator 140 is installed on the front surface of the installation frame 130, and generates electricity using solar light collected by the light collecting unit 120 Lt; / RTI > In the present embodiment, the power generation unit 140 is a component provided in the installation frame 130 and includes a plurality of solar cells 142 that produce electricity using sunlight condensed. The power generation unit 140 includes a plurality of solar cells 142 and a printed circuit board 144 on which the plurality of solar cells 142 are fixedly mounted and a reverse current prevention diode do. In addition, other components such as a reverse current prevention diode are installed in a region of the surface of the printed circuit board 144 except for a region where the solar cell 142 is fixed.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the plurality of solar cells 142 are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance. In the present embodiment, the light in the long wavelength region, which is a region for generating heat in the solar light, is removed by the beam splitting unit 160, and the solar cell 142 is irradiated with a short wavelength region Only a plurality of solar cells 142 can be used. Therefore, in this embodiment, unlike the other light collecting type solar cells, it is possible to efficiently generate solar light by using a plurality of solar cells 142.

In the present embodiment, the printed circuit board 144 preferably comprises a ceramic substrate on which electricity is not conducted.

1 and 3, the photovoltaic interior 150 protrudes forward of the power generation unit 140, and solar light incident on the power generation unit 140 is transmitted to the power generation unit 140 The solar cell 142 is irradiated only with light. Only the solar light having a wavelength suitable for power generation among the sunlight condensed by the condensing unit 120 is irradiated toward the power generation unit 140 by the beam splitting unit 160. [ At this time, the photocathode 150 is adapted to generate electricity and guides the condensed high-efficiency solar light toward the power generation unit 120 without loss, thereby maximizing power generation efficiency.

For this purpose, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that the light-receiving hole 150 has a light-emitting structure conforming to the cross-sectional shape of the focused light passing through the beam splitting portion 160, as shown in FIGS. A frame formation frame 154 which is coupled to the inside of the guide frame 152 and forms a light-shielding box for each of the plurality of solar cells 142, as shown in FIG. 4, .

2, the guide frame 152 has a triangular shape in which the front side is thin and the rear side is thick, and is converged by the light collecting part 120, Sectional shape of the focused light to be irradiated toward the solar battery cell 142. The angle &thetas;

As shown in FIG. 4, the barrel-forming frame 154 has a cross shape as a whole, and is a component that divides the space inside the guide frame 152 into four parts. At this time, the barrel-forming frame 154 also has a triangular shape in which the front side is thinner and the rear side is thicker, and the rear side opening area formed by the barrel-forming frame 154 and the guide frame 152, Preferably coincides with the area of one cell 142.

It is preferable that the inner surface of the guide frame 152 and the inner surface of the tube-forming frame 154 are mirror-finished to reflect all incident light.

Further, it is preferable that a fixing portion 153 is further formed at the rear of the barrel-forming frame 154 so as to be fitted and fixed to the guide frame 152 in an interference fit manner.

1 and 2, the beam splitting unit 160 is installed on the front surface of the light source inside part 150. The beam splitting unit 160 includes the power generating unit 140 ) Is a component that passes sunlight of a wavelength suitable for the generation of the sunlight, and sunlight of a wavelength that is not suitable for power generation is forwardly reflected. That is, the sunlight condensed by the beam splitting unit 160 is separated into light of a wavelength suitable for electric generation and light of a wavelength suitable for thermal energy acquisition and transmitted in different directions.

Specifically, the beam splitting unit 160 passes light of a short wavelength suitable for power generation among sunlight condensed by the light condensing unit 120 without any path change, and light of a long wavelength It is preferable to have a structure that reflects a specific spot in front of the beam splitting portion 160 so as to be focused. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 4, the beam splitting portion 160 is preferably a convex beam splitting portion having a convex surface 162.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 7, the focal point of sunlight reflected by the beam splitting unit 160 is preferably inside the main body 110, and the heating medium heating unit 180 is installed at the focal point .

1 and 2, the heating medium heating unit 180 is installed inside the main body 110 in front of the beam splitting unit 160, and is reflected by the beam splitting unit 160 It is a component that heats the heating medium by using solar light. Accordingly, the heating medium heating unit 180 is provided at the focal point of the sunlight reflected by the beam splitting unit 160, and includes a light absorbing cell 182 filled with a predetermined amount of heat medium, And a heat medium circulation unit 184 for circulating the heat medium.

First, the light absorbing cells 182 are opened to the left and right sides to have a structure in which the heating medium flowing into one opening can flow out to the other opening, and a space in which a certain amount of the heating medium can stay is formed at the center. The front surface of the absorber cell 182 has an area through which all the sunlight reflected by the beam splitting unit 160 can be incident and the beam splitting unit 160 Is formed so as to form a focus. The light absorbing cell 182 is preferably made of a transparent material that does not reflect or absorb incident light.

1 and 2, the heat medium circulation pipes 184 are composed of heat medium circulation pipes connected to both side openings of the absorber cell 182, and the heat medium circulation pipes 184 And is installed to communicate with the outside through one side wall of the main body 110.

In a system in which a plurality of solar energy utilizing apparatuses 100 according to this embodiment are arranged in a matrix form (not shown), the heat medium circulation pipes 184 are connected in series to each other, It is preferable to connect to the structure in which the temperature is continuously increased while repeatedly passing through.

1 and 2, the heat dissipating unit 190 is installed on a rear surface of the mounting frame 130 and emits heat generated from the power generating unit 140. [ Therefore, the heat dissipation unit 190 may have various structures that can effectively dissipate heat generated from the power generation unit 140, and may have a heat dissipation fin structure formed on the rear surface of the installation frame 130 .

The heat dissipating unit 190 may be a separate heat dissipating plate and the heat dissipating plate is attached to the rear surface of the printed circuit board 144 through the mounting frame 130, And may have a structure that receives heat and radiates heat. At this time, a substrate back surface inserting groove is formed in a central region of the heat sink 190 so that the back surface of the printed circuit board 144 can be inserted therein. On the rear surface of the heat sink, radiating fins are formed for efficient heat dissipation.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the main body 110 is preferably formed with a ventilation hole 116 formed through the main body 110 to ventilate the inside and the outside of the main body 110 Do. A plurality of the ventilation holes 116 are installed on the side wall of the main body 110. The ventilation holes 116 are preferably formed symmetrically with respect to the side walls facing each other for effective ventilation.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable that a filter 118 is installed in each ventilation hole 116 to block dust or moisture from flowing into the main body.

100: Solar energy utilization device according to this embodiment
110: main body 120: condenser
130: installation frame 140:
150: Photon inside 160: Beam splitting part
180: heating medium heating unit 190:

Claims (4)

A main body having a front surface opened to a large diameter and a rear surface opened to a small diameter and having a tubular structure of a quadrangular pyramid shape;
A light collecting part installed to block a front surface of the main body and condensing sunlight passing through the front surface in the rear direction;
An installation frame installed to block the rear surface of the main body;
A power generator installed on a front surface of the installation frame and generating electric power using solar light collected by the light collecting unit;
A photocathode installed to protrude forward of the power generator and guiding sunlight incident on the power generator to the power generator;
A beam splitting unit that is installed on a front surface of the light source and reflects solar light having a wavelength suitable for power generation of the power generation unit among the sunlight condensed by the light collection unit and having a wavelength not suitable for power generation;
A heating medium heating unit installed in front of the beam splitting unit in the main body and heating the heating medium using sunlight reflected by the beam splitting unit;
And a heat dissipation unit installed on a rear surface of the installation frame, for emitting heat generated in the power generation unit. The light-emitting device according to claim 1,
And a Fresnel lens. The light emitting device according to claim 1,
And has a light-emitting structure coinciding with a cross-sectional shape of the focused light passing through the beam splitting portion. The apparatus according to claim 1,
And a ventilation hole formed through the main body and ventilating the inside and the outside of the main body.

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