KR20180020259A - Tool spindle and machine tool including clamping device for tool - Google Patents

Abstract

A tool spindle (1, 101) is disclosed that includes a clamping device that can be mounted and operated from the front. Also disclosed is a machine tool comprising one or more tool spindles (1, 101) of this kind.

Description

Tool spindle and machine tool including clamping device for tool

The invention relates to a tool spindle comprising a clamping device for a tool according to the preamble of claim 1, and to a machine tool comprising such a tool spindle.

A variety of tools are fastened in a rotationally fixed, positional manner to the rotary drive tool spindle in order to machine different tools in different ways with the tool spindle and tool. Thus, for example, drilling, milling or turning becomes possible.

Document DE 10 2004 009 217 A1 discloses a clamping device for a manually operated tool spindle. One disadvantage here is that it takes a lot of time to exchange tools.

In particular, if the tool spindle is to be operated and / or operated on a cost-intensive machine tool or if the tool has to be changed frequently, other automatic clamping systems and / or clamping devices are used. Thus, an automatic clamping device is known which mechanically, electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically applies a clamping / releasing force to the pulling rod in the rear region of the spindle away from the tool.

The patent document DE 10 2009 021 407 B4 discloses a clamping device of this kind which is pre-mounted and set up and then inserted directly into the interior of the tool spindle without further setting. This insertion takes place almost entirely in front of the tool spindle. Through the pulling rod extending inside the tool spindle, the clamping / releasing force for the tool is transferred from the rear region of the spindle to the front region.

One drawback of this type of tool spindle is that the actuator for clamping and releasing the clamping device must be located in the rear region of the tool spindle, so that the overall length of the tool spindle is large. Also, the rear region of the tool spindle is often difficult to access.

In comparison, it is an object of the present invention to provide a tool spindle with an automatic clamping device, wherein the tool spindle has improved access to the energy supply for operation of the clamping device.

The above object is achieved with a tool spindle having the features of claim 1 and a machine tool having the features of claim 16.

Another advantageous improvement is the content of the dependent claim.

The claimed rotatable tool spindle comprises an automatic clamping device or tool holder for the tool, and the clamping device is operated hydraulically or pneumatically. The clamping device is arranged inside the tool spindle. The clamping device can be mounted in front (at the spindle nose). According to the present invention, the operation of the clamping device, that is, clamping and / or unlocking is performed through a pressurizing medium supply part which can be connected or connected to the inside, and the pressurizing medium supply part is provided on the front tool side half or the front tool side Is disposed at the end portion or the front portion. Thus, the actuator for the clamping device in the rear region of the tool spindle is omitted, and the area in which the drive energy for the clamping device is transmitted to the tool spindle becomes more accessible.

In a particularly preferred further embodiment of the tool spindle according to the invention, the pressurizing medium supply is arranged on the periphery of the tool spindle, so that the overall length of the tool spindle is reduced.

In a particularly preferred further embodiment, the clamping device can be released via at least one release piston disposed therein with at least one suitable pressure chamber. The pressure chamber is defined by the release piston.

Preferably, both the hydraulic and / or pneumatic actuation elements, i.e., the piston and the pressure chamber, are disposed within the tool spindle.

In the following, the term "tool" also means (only) a tool holder.

The pressure medium supply of the clamping device can take place via a releasable connection, which is applied to operate only the clamping device on the stationary tool spindle. Mainly additional similar releasable connections can serve as an operation and / or additional function of the clamping device.

The static pressurizing medium supply part can be arranged on the outer periphery of the tool spindle, and its seal can be applied to the outer periphery especially during stoppage, and can be heard from the outer periphery, especially during rotation. The pressurizing medium supply part may be disposed in the spindle block. Also, the pressurizing medium supply can be performed through a line that is fixedly mounted.

The tool change can be performed completely automatically, for example, by an auxiliary device such as a robot or a pick-up, without manual action of the machine operator. Only the instructions for releasing the clamping device and for replacing the tool are given through the machine control.

Tool change can happen partially manually. Simply releasing the clamping device is triggered, for example, by an instruction of the machine control unit. All other actions are done manually.

Tool change can happen purely manually. Further, the pressurizing medium supply part may be activated to release the clamping device, for example, by operation of a simple mechanism such as a ball valve.

To prevent the tool from falling off the tool spindle after release of the clamping device, a contraction-maintaining element that holds the tool after release can be used. The tool retaining element may include a release button at the periphery of the tool spindle, and upon actuation of the release button, the tool is finally released from the tool spindle. The tool retaining element can retain the tool even before clamping of the clamping device so that the operator can pre-position the tool through the tool retaining element and then clamp the tool easily without further manual intervention.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the tool spindle according to the invention, the release instruction for the tool change in the semi-automatic exchange of the tool is first given by the machine control. In response, the clamping device releases the tool, so that the tool is prevented from falling by the tool retaining element. The operator then presses the release button on the tool holding element to remove the tool. After cleaning the inner conical part of the tool spindle, the operator inserts the next tool into the conical part until the tool holding element snaps or clicks. Clamping instructions can then be given to the clamping device from the machine control.

The clamping device can be easily disassembled in an emergency only in the tool side region or the end region of the tool spindle when the tool spindle includes a driven ring which is rotatable and disposed within the tool side region or end of the tool spindle, . The driven ring can be clamped against the clamping device by, for example, at least one retaining screw located at an angle to the spindle longitudinal axis or rotation axis. The interior of the tool spindle preferably has a stepped or conical shape with a diameter decreasing from the tool side end to the rear end.

A plurality of holding screws which are preferably evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the airborne spindle are provided for uniform pressurization and to avoid tilting. Preferably, the retaining screw is designed as a stud screw or a headless pin and is accessible from the periphery of the tool spindle. Preferably, the clamping device is inserted internally as a pre-mounted unit and can thus be disassembled and removed by releasing the retaining screw. In a particularly preferred embodiment this is also possible with a clamped tool.

In a further simple embodiment in terms of device technology and assembly technology, the clamping device has a first pressure chamber in which the tool is released by the pressure of the pressure chamber and the first pressure chamber is located inside the tool spindle.

In this case, the static pressurizing medium supply portion is disposed on the outer periphery of the tool spindle, and the seal of the static pressurizing medium supply portion can be applied to the outer periphery particularly during stoppage, and in particular, The first pressure chamber may be connected to or connected to the outer circumference through at least one channel formed in the tool spindle. The pressurizing medium supply part may be disposed in the spindle block.

In addition, a hydraulically or pneumatically actuated discharge ring can be placed on the periphery of the tool spindle, which is supplied with the pressurized medium from the pressurizing medium supply through the side channel and thus can move in the direction of the tool side end. Release fingers which are radially inward and engage in the free space below and / or behind the tool can be fastened to the discharge ring.

A thrower ring may be disposed on the outer periphery of the tool spindle to form a stop for movement in the direction of the tool side end, and at least one stop screw for the release ring is threaded into the scroll ring. For uniform pressurization and to avoid tilting, a plurality of stop screws are preferably evenly distributed on the outer periphery.

If the state of the clamping device can be monitored via a connected non-contact sensor (in particular a non-contact limit switch with a feedback oscillator) connected to the contact control device or the machine control part, the semi-automatic or fully automatic switching of the tool can be effected.

The contact control device serves to monitor the surface contact between the tool and the conical portion of the tool spindle. For example, if particles are trapped between the conical portion of the tool and the conical portion of the tool spindle, the surface contact may not be accurate.

 The non-contact sensor is designed and / or arranged to detect two states: a "state in which the tool is clamped to the clamping device" and a "state in which the tool is not clamped in the clamping device." Preferably, The sensor is designed and / or arranged to also detect "a state in which the clamping device is clamped empty ".

To this end, the non-contact sensor preferably monitors the axial position of the discharge ring. The sensor can be placed on the periphery of the discharge ring (direct monitoring), or the position of the discharge ring is transmitted to the other area of the tool spindle according to the invention via the sensing rod, where it is detected by the sensor (indirect monitoring).

In particular, when the sensor is disposed on the periphery of the discharge ring, protection against the sensor is preferable. To this end, the sensor may be nested, for example.

For fully automated exchange of tools, in addition to non-contact sensors and contact control devices, an automatic purging device for conical parts is preferred.

It is particularly preferable that the contact control device and the purifier can be operated with a pressurizing medium (for example, air) supplied through the above-mentioned pressurizing medium supply portion. The pressurized medium may be supplied via the above-mentioned connection or additional releasable connection. In order to form additional releasable connections, in particular additional seals may be provided, which are located axially adjacent one of the above-mentioned seals, together with forming and / or forming additional releasable connections Or limited.

The contact control device can be executed by examining the pressurized medium congestion. The purifier may be implemented by a pressurizing medium spiral directed toward the conical portion.

In a particularly preferred design, the tool spindle has a concentric slider, which is fastened or received on the periphery of the slider so that the first release piston moves slightly in the axial direction, and the concentric slider defines the first pressure chamber. The slider is also preferably disposed substantially inside the tool spindle.

In the case of a tool having a hollow shank tapered portion, the lifting conical portion is preferably formed or fastened to the slider, through which the segment of the spreading pliers of the clamping device can be opened. Thus, the segment can engage behind the hollow shank taper portion and secure the tool to the tool spindle.

The slider may be formed of a draw tube in which an inner cooling lube oil supply portion is disposed.

The clamping device may include a cylinder which is inserted concentrically inside the tool spindle. In the cylinder, the first pressure chamber can be disposed and the first release piston can be guided in the cylinder.

It is simple in terms of manufacturing technology and assembly technology that the parts of the clamping device including the inside of the tool spindle and the slider are concentric with each other.

In a first preferred variant of the tool spindle according to the invention, the clamping device has a second pressure chamber, the tool released when the pressure chamber is pressurized, and the second pressure chamber defined by the second release piston. The both release pistons are formed or fastened to the slider. In a simple manner in terms of manufacturing technology, the second pressure chamber can be defined by the inner peripheral wall of the tool spindle.

It is particularly preferred for the clamping device to have at least one pressure spring (in particular a disc spring package) acting in the clamping direction of the tool, through which a clamping force can be generated and permanently delivered to the slider. The pressure spring can be in contact with the side of the second relief piston, on the one hand and away from the second pressure chamber, and on the other hand with the cylinder bottom of the cylinder.

In the case of a design having two pressure chambers and pressure springs acting in the direction of release of the tool, the pressure springs are preferably disposed on the outer periphery of the slider portion, and between the two pressure medium A connecting portion or a connecting channel of the pressurizing medium is formed.

In a second preferred variant of the tool spindle according to the invention, the clamping device has a second pressure chamber acting in the clamping direction of the tool, which is arranged inside the tool spindle and preferably is concentric.

The second pressure chamber is disposed in the cylinder and defined by the bottom of the cylinder of the cylinder.

The first release piston includes a collar which is axially displaceable in the slider and preferably passes through at least one locking element formed as a clamping piece. Preferably, the plurality of locking elements are evenly distributed on the outer periphery.

It is particularly preferred that the locking element is inserted into the recess having a sloped bottom surface of the slider and can be radially clamped against the conical inner wall of the cylinder. Preferably, the inclined bottom surface is safer than the conical inner wall.

The clamping device may include a clamping piston fastened to the periphery of the slider and disposed inside the tool spindle. The clamping piston is disposed between the second pressure chamber and the first release piston and defines a second pressure chamber.

Preferably, at least one pressure spring is disposed between the clamping piston and the first release piston. A plurality of pressure springs are preferably evenly dispersed at the periphery of the two pistons in order to achieve uniform pressurization and avoid tilting.

The machine tool according to the present invention comprises one or more of the above-described tool spindles, and a pressurizing medium supply portion is disposed on the outer periphery of the tool spindle. The pressurizing medium supply may be connected to or connected to a central pressurized media source of the machine tool or a separate pressurized media source. Due to the connection of the pressurizing medium supply of the tool spindle (preferably all tool spindles) of the machine tool, the tool spindles can be operated simultaneously, i.e. clamped and released.

Tool spindles of machine tools with other dimensions can also be connected and can be supplied by a central pressurized medium source. The uniform operating pressure is preferably 24 bar. Therefore, the labor is reduced and only simple control is required.

Various embodiments of a tool spindle according to the present invention are shown in the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of a tool spindle of the present invention according to a first embodiment. FIG.
Figure 2 shows the tool spindle of Figure 1 in an additional longitudinal section.
Fig. 3 shows a part of the tool spindle of Fig. 1 in an additional longitudinal section.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the tool spindle of Fig. 1;
Figure 5 shows a rear view of the tool spindle of Figure 1;
6 is a longitudinal section of the tool spindle of the present invention according to the second embodiment.
Figure 7 shows the tool spindle of Figure 6 in an additional longitudinal section.
Figure 8 shows the tool spindle of Figure 6 in an additional longitudinal section.
Figure 9 shows a rear view of the tool spindle of Figure 6;
10 shows a machine tool according to the present invention.
Figure 11 shows a non-contact sensor for monitoring a clamping device.

1 shows a longitudinal section of a first embodiment of a tool spindle according to the invention. The tool spindle is rotationally driven about the longitudinal axis 3 by a driver (not shown in Fig. 1) connected to the rear end 2 of the tool spindle.

In the region of the front end 4 of the tool spindle 1 there is provided a clamping device for holding in engagement with the tool 6. The tool 6 has a hollow shank tapered portion 8 which is inserted into the concentric stepped interior 10 of the tool spindle 1 which is open towards the tool side end 4.

A plurality of segments 12 of a collet dispersed in the periphery are joined to the back of the hollow shank taper portion 8. In Figure 1, the released state of the clamping device is shown, in which the head of the segment 12, which is directed towards the tool 6, extends radially inwardly from the circumferential radial recess of the hollow shank tapered portion 8 It is retreating.

To actuate the clamping device a lifting conical portion 14 integrally formed on a slider 16 designed as a draw tube is drawn in along the longitudinal axis 3 To the right). The slider 16 is tightly connected to the slider portion 18 serving as an extension. A piston called a second release piston 20 is fastened to the end of the slider portion 18 which is spaced from the tool 6 and serves as a contact means for the disc spring package 22. [ The disk spring package is disposed concentrically on the outer periphery of the slider portion 18 and is seated in the cylinder bottom 24 of the cylinder 26 on the tool side and the cylinder is connected to the separating disk 28 and the driven ring 30 And is clamped in contact with the stepped portion of the inner portion 10 by a headless pin or a retaining screw 32.

When the tool 6 is to be clamped, the disk spring package 22 moves the second release piston 20 in the direction of the rear end of the tool spindle, and the slider portion 18 and the slider 16 move the lifting conical portion & (14) between the segments (12) of the spreading pliers so that the tool (6) is clamped and held.

When the tool 6 is to be released, compressed air is supplied into the first pressure chamber 34 and the second pressure chamber 36, and these two pressure chambers act in the release direction of the tool 6. [ The first pressure chamber 34 is disposed in and defined by the cylinder 26 and the second pressure chamber 36 is disposed in and defined by the interior 10. The two pressure chambers 34 and 36 have release pistons 20 and 38 at the tool side and the two release pistons 20 and 38 are fastened to the outer periphery of the slider 16 and / When two compressed chambers 34 and 36 are filled with compressed air, the two release pistons 20 and 38 move to the unlocking position of the clamping device (shown in FIG. 1) do.

The plurality of tool spindles 1 shown are grouped in a machine tool having a common machine control 39 and a common compressed air pump. The compressed air supply of the individual tool spindle 1 is controlled by the mechanical control section 39.

The tool change can be performed completely automatically by the robot without any manual action by the machine operator. Only the instruction for releasing the clamping device and exchanging the tool 6 is given through the mechanical control part 39. [

The tool change may be partially manual. For example, only the release of the clamping device is triggered by the instruction of the machine tool 39. All other actions are done manually.

Tool change can happen purely manually. It is also possible to activate the compressed air supply to release the clamping device, for example, by operation of a simple mechanism such as a ball valve.

Fig. 2 shows the tool spindle 1 of Fig. 1 in another longitudinal section. The cross section is selected so that the first channel 40 for compressed air can be seen and the channel is defined by the (first) channel portion passing through the body of the tool spindle 1, the cylinder 26 and the tool spindle 1, (Second) channel portion disposed between the body of the cylinder 26 and a plurality of (third) radial channel portions passing through the cylinder 26.

A second channel 42 is also shown in which a first pressure chamber 34 acting in the release direction of the tool 6 is connected via its second channel to the second channel 42 acting in the release direction of the tool 6, And is connected to the pressure chamber 36. The second channel 42 includes a plurality of radial channel portions 42a extending through the slider portion 18 and a coolant tube 44 for feeding the slider portion 18 and internal coolant And a second axial channel portion 42b disposed between the first axial channel portion 42a and the second axial channel portion 42b. The coolant pipe 44 also passes through the slider 16 and the lifting conical portion 14 and ends at the tool 6.

Once the two pressure chambers 34 and 36 are filled with compressed air, the slider 16 is displaced in the direction of the tool 6 against the force of the disc spring package 22 ) The clamping device is released. In order to supply compressed air to the tool spindle 1 a fixing flange 46 is provided on the periphery of the tool spindle in which a connecting portion 48 and a channel 50 are formed, Side orifice is at least spaced from the flange-side orifice of the first channel (40) of the tool spindle (1).

In operation of the tool spindle according to the present invention, the orifice of the channel 50 and the two radially adjacent self-contacting seals 52 are slightly spaced from the outer periphery of the tool spindle 1. After the tool spindle 1 is stopped, compressed air is supplied to the connecting portion 48 so that two magnetic contact seals 52 are first applied to the outer periphery of the tool spindle 1, Compressed air supply of the two pressure chambers 34, 36 acting in the direction of the two channels 40, 42 is performed.

A side channel 54 extending through the body of the tool spindle 1 in the direction of the tool 6 is branched from a channel part of the first channel 40 passing through the body of the tool spindle 1. [ The side channel 54 ends in the area of the discharge ring 56 surrounding the tool spindle 1 at the tool side end 4. A discharge finger 58 uniformly distributed on the outer periphery is fastened to the discharge ring 56 at the tool side and the discharge finger extends radially inward and engages behind the collar of the hollow shank taper portion 8.

At a suitable number of side channels 54 dispersed about the circumference or at a pressure of approximately 24 bar in the side channel 54 having a suitable size of diameter, the discharge ring 56 is provided with sufficient space to release the tool 6 And generates an output.

A slider 16 having a disk spring package 22, two release pistons 30 and 38, a lifting conical portion 14 and a slider portion 18 and formed as a draw tube, a coolant pipe 44, The body of the separating disk 28, the driven ring 30, the two pressure chambers 34, 36 acting in the release direction, and the tool spindle 1 are rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis 3.

Fig. 3 shows a part of a first embodiment of the tool spindle 1 of the invention according to Figs. 1 and 2 in a different longitudinal section. As seen in this longitudinal section, the displacement of the discharge ring 56 in the direction of the tool 6 is suppressed by the stop screw 60 which is evenly distributed around. The stop screw 60 is screwed to the thrower ring 62 in the axial direction and the thrust ring 62 is fastened to the outer periphery of the body of the tool spindle 1. [

If the entire clamping device is to be pulled forward from the tool spindle 1 together with the clamped tool 6 if necessary, the thrust ring 62 must be pushed in the forward direction so that the retaining screw 32 is released .

1 and 2, the release ring 56 with the release fingers 58 is moved to the tool 6 by the compressed air in the side channel 54, The tool is detached from the clamping device. To this end, it is sufficient to fill the connecting portion 48 only with the compressed air so that two magnetic contact seals 52 are first applied to the outer periphery of the tool spindle 1 and then acted in the releasing direction of the tool 6 The compressed air is filled through the two channels 40 and 42 into the two pressure chambers 34 and 36 which are in the closed position so that the clamping device is released and finally the discharge ring 56 is moved towards the tool 6, 6 are released.

Before the new operation of the tool spindle 1 the compressed air in the connection 48 is blocked so that two magnetic contact seals 52 are heard from the outer periphery of the tool spindle 1 and the disk spring package 22 is lifted The conical portion 14 can be retracted and the segment 14 of the spreading pliers can clamp the tool 6.

Figure 1 also shows throat ring 62 and release ring 56, and the stop screw and release finger are not visible in this cross-sectional view. A blocking air channel 64 is shown at the locking flange 46 which terminates in the area between the throat ring 62 and one of the two magnetic contact seals 52. [ During the rotation of the tool spindle 1 the compressed air is also supplied to the cutoff air connection 66 of the cutoff air channel 64 so that the compressed air always escapes between the sludge ring 62 and the fixed flange 46, .

Figure 4 shows a tool spindle 1 of the present invention according to the previous figure in a translucent perspective. As shown in this figure, in particular two mutually opposed release fingers 58 and two mutually opposed stopscrews 60 are provided in the discharge ring 56. 4 a tool holding element 68 is shown which prevents the tool from falling off the tool spindle 1 after the tool 6 has been separated by the discharge ring 56. [ The tool retention element 68 will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiment of Figs.

Fig. 5 shows a rear view of the tool spindle 1 seen from the rear toward the tool side end, and shows the translucency of the flange 46 together. On the side of the flange 46 facing the rear end side, a connecting portion 48 and a blocking air connection portion 66 are provided, which are arranged at a distance from one another at the same radius. The connection portion 48 serves to apply the seal 52, release the clamping device and release the tool 6, and is supplied only when the tool spindle 1 is stopped. The shutoff air connection 66 serves to permanently charge the shutoff air.

Figure 6 shows a longitudinal section view of a second embodiment of a tool spindle 101 according to the invention. A substantial difference from the first embodiment according to Figs. 1-5 is that the clamping force for retracting the lifting conical portion 114 between the segments 12 of the clamping pliers is generated by compressed air. To this end, the pressurizing medium is supplied to the clamping device and / or the clamping device via the connecting portion 148b (the channel 150b formed in the flange 146 in the second embodiment and the first channel 140b formed in the tool spindle 101) Or simply to clamp the tool 6) in the second pressure chamber 136, which acts in the clamping direction. A second pressure chamber 136 is disposed in the cylinder 125 and the cylinder bottom 124 of the cylinder is disposed on the tool side and is fixed there by the driven ring 130. The clamping piston 170 is guided in the cylinder 126 and defines the second pressure chamber 136. The clamping piston 170 is fastened to the outer periphery of the slider 116, so that the clamping motion of the lifting conical portion 114 (which occurs to the right in Fig. 6) occurs therewith. Figure 6 shows the retracted lifting conical portion 114 and the clamped position of the clamping device.

When clamping the clamping device with the movement of the clamping device 170 along the arrow (to the right in FIG. 6), the clamping piston 170 is urged through the pressure spring 172 (evenly distributed around) ) In the same direction toward the rear end (2) of the tool spindle (101). In this process, the collar 174 of the release piston 138 is pushed into the conical portion 176 of the cylinder 126. The conical portion 176 is formed in the cylindrical element of the cylinder 126 threaded into the main portion of the cylinder 126.

Fig. 7 shows an additional longitudinal section view of the second embodiment according to Fig. 6; The cross section was selected to see two of the four locking elements 178, which pass through the collar 174 of the release piston 138. The four locking elements 178 serve to further secure the slider 116 to the clamped position shown in FIG. The locking element 178 serves as a clamping piece interposed between the conical inner wall 176 and the respective recess 179 of the slider 116. To this end, each of the recesses 179 into which the locking element 178 is inserted has an inclined bottom surface. (E.g., 24 bar) at the end of the displacement of the slider 116 so that the locking element 178 moves in the direction of the rear end 2 via the piston 138 and the mechanical impact, To tightly clamp it.

Figure 7 shows two of the four locking elements 178 which are always inserted into the corresponding recess 179 and which are not clamped to the conical inner wall 176 in the situation according to Figure 7. [ To this end, the magnetic contact seal 152 has previously been in contact via the connection 148a and channel 150a of the flange 146 and the two-part pressure chamber 134 has been supplied with compressed air. Thus, the release piston 138 has been moved to the left and the locking element 178 has been released. It also collides with the clamping piston 170 and pushes the piston together with the slider 116 fastened thereto to the unlocked position (shown in Fig. 7).

The first pressure chambers 134 acting in the release direction are divided into two partial chambers which are spaced apart from each other in the first embodiment, and these partial chambers are always connected to each other in terms of pressure.

The tool holding element 68 prevents the tool 6 from falling after the clamping device is released. The tool retaining element 68 has a pinion 69 which enters radially into the corresponding through-hole of the hollow shank tapered portion 8 of the tool 6. When the release button 180 of the tool holding element 68 is pushed, the pinion 69 slips out of the through-hole through the tilt lever so that the tool 6 is eventually released. This tool holding element 68 is used when a plurality of tool spindles according to the present invention are combined to form a machine tool which simultaneously releases the tool 6 of all the tool spindles 1 101 through the central compressed air supply In particular, it is important.

Figure 8 shows an additional longitudinal section view of a second embodiment of a tool spindle 101 according to the present invention in which the clamping device is in the unlocked position. The selected cross section shows the entire flow path of the compressed air with the release function. Compressed air flows from the connection 148 through the radial channel 150c of the flange 146 and the first channel 140 of the tool spindle 101 to the periphery of the collar 174 of the release piston 138 Into the first portion of the first pressure chamber 134 and into the second portion of the first pressure chamber 134 therebetween between the collar 174 and the rear portion of the cylinder 126. The channel 140c is divided into substantially three portions, the first portion extending from the periphery of the tool spindle 101 through its body and extending to the periphery of the cylinder 126. The second portion extends along the outer surface of the cylinder 126. The third portion consists of a plurality of radial bores that pass through the cylinder 126, and these bores are disposed adjacent the rear portion of the cylinder 126.

Fig. 9 is a rear view of a second embodiment of the tool spindle 101 according to the present invention, particularly showing the translucency of the flange 146. Fig. On the side of the flange 146 facing the rear end of the tool spindle 101 there are provided a connecting portion 148a functioning as a "seal", a connecting portion 148b functioning as a "clamping tool" Releasing "connecting portion 148c and the shutoff air connecting portion 66 are disposed at the same radius in the circumferential direction. Associated channels 150a, 150b, 150c and blocking air channels 64 are shown translucently.

9, a connecting portion 148a functioning as a "seal", a connecting portion 148b functioning as a "clamping tool", a connecting portion 148c functioning as a "releasing tool releasing" And blocking air connection 66 may be disposed at different radii.

10 is a perspective sectional view of a multi-spindle machine tool according to the present invention. A robot is also shown which carries out a tool change, on the one hand, to remove the tool 1 from the tool spindle 6 and on the other hand to move the tool 1 to the tool spindle 6, have.

The machine tool is a stationary tool spindle 1 (the workpiece (not shown) moves towards its fixed tool spindle). The frame of the machine tool is structured in particular to form an upper compartment 182 and a front compartment 182 and a plurality of rows of tool spindles 1 are provided in each of these two compartments 182, (6) is applied and clamped. In the illustrated embodiment, six tool spindles 1 are provided per row, so six workpieces are processed at one time.

In the illustrated machine tool, two compartments 182 with spindle rows are positioned at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to each other, when a hole or concave portion staggered by 90 degrees is to be made or machined into a workpiece, 90 degree rotation can be omitted.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a part of a first embodiment of the tool spindle 1 according to the invention according to Figs. 1 to 5, together with a non-contact sensor 71 for monitoring the clamping device.

The sensor 71 is designed as a non-contact limit switch having a feedback oscillator. This sensor is disposed on the outer periphery of the discharge ring 56 and is fastened to the outer periphery of the flange 46.

The non-contact sensor is designed to recognize three states: a state in which the tool is clamped to the clamping device, a state in which the tool is not clamped in the clamping device, and a state in which the clamping device is clamped empty Designed and / or deployed.

The tool spindle (1; 101) according to the invention enables semi-automatic replacement of the tool in the following manner for the operator, with three baskets with a new tool and a manual conus cleaner, Beside:

1. Press the "tool change" key to release the clamping device via the machine control 39 (see Fig. 1)

2. Open the door,

3. Press the release button 180 (see FIG. 7 of the second embodiment)

4. Remove the "old" tool (6) into the basket,

5. Purifying the inner conical portion of the tool spindle 1,

6. Take the "new" tool (6)

7. Place the "new" tool 6 in the inner conical portion of the tool spindle 1 (101) until the tool holding element 68 (see Figure 4 or Figure 7 of the second embodiment) clicks and / And,

8. Clamp the "new" tool (6) automatically even after closing the door,

9. Start the program and automatically clamp the "new" tool (6) at the latest and start machining.

When a plurality of tool spindles (1; 101) of this kind are used in a machine tool (multiple spindle apparatus), the intermediate steps (4 to 7) of the method are accordingly carried out several times.

The above method using one tool spindle 101 takes about 20 seconds. In a machine tool having a plurality of tool spindles (1 101) of this kind, a time requirement of approximately 60 seconds is produced. This is significantly faster than the method according to the prior art. In the prior art, the operator releases the clamping device with a rotary hexagonal screwdriver and clamps it with a torque wrench. The method according to the present invention is much more reliable because the effects of human error during clamping, e.g. using a torque wrench, are eliminated.

A tool spindle is disclosed that includes a clamping device that can be mounted and operated from the front. Also disclosed is a machine tool comprising one or more tool spindles of this kind.

One; 101 Tool spindle
2 rear end
3 longitudinal axis
4 Front tool side end
6 Tools
8 Hollow shank taper part
10; 110 inside
12 segments
14; 114 Lifting conical part
16; 116 slider
18 Slider part
20 second release piston
22 Disk Spring Package
24; 124 cylinder bottom
26; 126 cylinders
28 separation disk
30; 130 follower ring
32 retaining screw
34; 134 first pressure chamber
36; 136 Second pressure chamber
38; 138 First release piston
39 Machine control section
40; 140b; 140c First channel
42 Second channel
42a radial channel portion
42b axial channel portion
44; 144 coolant pipe
46; 146 Flange
48; 148a; 148b; 148c connection
50; 150a; 150b; 150c channel
52 Self-contact seal
54 side channel
56 Release ring
58 Release finger
60 stop screw
62 Throating
64 blocked air channel
66 blocking air connection
68 Tool retaining element
69 pinion
71 sensor
170 Clamping Piston
172 Pressure spring
174 colors
176 Conical inner wall
178 Locking elements
179 concave portion
180 Release Button
Room 182

Claims (17)

A rotatable tool spindle (1; 101) comprising an automatic clamping device for a tool (6), the clamping device being arranged in the interior (10; 110) of a tool spindle (1; 101) And the clamping device is actuated through a static pressurizing medium supply arranged at the front tool side half or forward tool side end (4) or front of the tool spindle (1; 101), and the static Wherein the seal (52) of the pressurizing medium supply portion is adapted to be applied to the outer periphery and to be lifted from the outer periphery. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the pressurizing medium supply comprises one or more releasable connections mounted only on a stationary tool spindle (1; 101). 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The pressurizing medium supply unit is disposed on the outer periphery of the tool spindle (1) 101, and the seal (52) of the pressurizing medium supply unit is applied to the outer periphery during stoppage and is heard from the outer periphery during rotation. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A tool spindle comprising a machine control (39) capable of controlling a fully automated exchange of tools. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
And a machine control part (39) capable of releasing the clamping device. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Wherein the actuation of the clamping device and / or activation of the pressurizing medium supply for tool exchange is carried out purely mechanically. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A tool spindle comprising a tool holding element (68) capable of holding a tool (6) after release of the clamping device and / or before clamping of the clamping device. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
And a driven ring (30; 130) that can be clamped or clamped against the clamping device. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
Wherein the clamping device has a first pressure chamber (34; 134) which acts in the disengaging direction of the tool (6) and which is arranged in the interior (10; 110) of the tool spindle (1; 101). 10. The method according to claim 3 or 9,
Wherein the first pressure chamber is connected to the outer periphery through at least one channel formed in the tool spindle. 11. The method of claim 10,
A hydraulically or pneumatically actuated discharge ring 56 is arranged on the periphery of the tool spindle 1 and the discharge ring is connected to the tool spindle 1 via a side channel 54, . 12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein a thrower ring (62) to which at least one stop element (60) for the discharge ring (56) is threaded is arranged on the outer periphery (1) of the tool spindle. 13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
Wherein the tool spindle comprises a contact control device capable of inspecting contact of the conical portion of the tool (6) with the conical portion of the tool spindle (1; 101) and a purifier for the conical portion, the contact control device and the purifier Wherein the tool spindle is operated with a pressurizing medium that can be supplied by the pressurizing medium supply. 14. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 13,
And a slider (16, 18; 116) in which a first release piston (38; 138) is disposed defining the first pressure chamber (34; 134). 15. The method of claim 14,
The clamping device has a cylinder (26; 126) inserted into the interior (10; 110), in which the first pressure chamber (34; 134) is located and the first release piston ) Is guided in the cylinder. A machine tool comprising at least one tool spindle (1; 101) according to any one of the preceding claims. 17. The method of claim 16,
Each pressurizing medium supply section is disposed on the outer periphery of the tool spindle 1 (101) or on the outer peripheries of the tool spindle 1 (101), and the pressurizing medium supply section is connected to a pressurized medium source of the machine tool or a separate pressurized medium source Machine tools that can be connected or connected.

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