KR20180007482A - Apparatus for food waste treating - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a food waste treatment device which dehydrates water contained in food wastes to recycle the same as compost and solid fuels, comprising: a first treatment tank which receives food wastes by one end thereof, dehydrates the same therein, discharges the dehydrated food wastes to the other end thereof, and also discharges food wastewater and odor gases generated in the dehydration to the outside; a moving unit which is placed inside the first treatment tank, and moves the food wastes introduced in one end of the first treatment tank to the other end of the same; a hot air injecting unit which supplies hot air at high temperature and high pressure to the food wastes inside the first treatment tank; a hot water injecting unit which supplies hot water at high temperature and high pressure to the food wastes inside the first treatment tank; a heat source supplying unit which generates the hot air and hot water at high temperature and high pressure to supply the same to the first treatment tank; a pressure dehydration unit which applies pressure to the food wastes, which are dehydrated in, and discharged from the first treatment tank, to perform dehydration. The present invention can separate water contained in food wastes by injecting hot air and hot water at high temperature and high pressure to the food waste, remove moisture in cell membranes by injecting hot water at high temperature and high pressure to the food wastes to decompose the cell membranes of raw materials of food wastes by the hot water, use dehydrated food wastes as compost by removing a large part of salt contained in the food wastes, and improve a dehydration rate of the food waste to use the food wastes as solid fuels.

Description

[0001] Apparatus for food waste treating [

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a food waste disposal apparatus, and more particularly, to a food waste disposal apparatus that discharges high-temperature, high-pressure hot air and hot water to food waste.

Food wastes generated from the production, distribution, processing and cooking processes of food and beverages, which are composed of agricultural and marine products and food leftovers, are continuously increasing due to population increase, improvement of living conditions, and dietary habits. It is recognized as one of the typical factors.

As of 2013, domestic food wastes amounted to about 4.62 million tons, which cost about 800 billion won. In addition, the greenhouse gas emission amount is about 836 thousand tons.

Food wastes generated in large quantities in this way were generally processed by methane gas production through anaerobic digestion method and then treated with residual sludge.

However, the above-mentioned treatment method is not only low in efficiency of anaerobic digestion facilities but also low in utilization and economic value due to a low content of methane gas generated, and more than 90% of residual food wastes generated after treatment must be reprocessed There is a problem.

Therefore, in order to treat food wastes with higher efficiency, drying food wastes directly at the early stage of food wastes and using them as solid fuel is considered to be a more economical and environmentally friendly method.

In the past, the following methods have been used to dry food waste.

In the food waste disposal apparatus disclosed in the Japanese Patent No. 10-1291524, food waste is put into a predetermined container, the food waste is crushed, and pressure is applied to separate the moisture contained in the food waste from the food waste.

However, although the food waste contains a predetermined amount of water inside the cell membrane of the cells constituting the raw material of the food, the above-mentioned technology can not remove moisture in the cell membrane, thereby limiting the dehydration rate. As a result, There is a problem that it can not be utilized.

In addition, food wastes that are separated from water contain a considerable amount of salt (2 to 4% of sodium chloride), which is not suitable for compost application, and even when food waste is treated with microorganisms, it is not easy to treat microorganisms.

On the other hand, food wastes contain various kinds of proteins, so that corrosion is easy and a large amount of odorous substances can be generated. Therefore, it is difficult to apply a drying method by direct application of hot air or high temperature, and there is a problem that corrosion is generated at the time of solid fuel storage even after drying of food waste.

In order to solve the above problems, the applicant of the present invention has proposed an apparatus for producing solid fuel using organic sludge, an apparatus for producing organic sludge by evaporation of organic sludge, A high-calorie solid fuel producing device using fat oil ", and a" high-function organic sludge drying device using atmospheric pressure evaporation technique at atmospheric pressure ".

The above-mentioned techniques enable the food waste to be heated and dried by using the bequest evaporation and drying apparatus to be recycled.

However, the dried matter finally discharged by the above-described techniques contains about 10 to 30% of oil. At present, when the oil is contained in the dried matter, the oil is regarded as an additive and the final dried matter discharged by the above-mentioned technique is not recognized as a solid fuel.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a food waste disposal apparatus capable of separating moisture contained in food waste by spraying hot air and hot water at high temperature and high pressure with respect to food waste.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a food waste disposal apparatus capable of removing moisture in a cell membrane by spraying high-temperature, high-pressure hot water into a food waste so that the cell membrane of the food waste material is decomposed by hot water.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a food waste disposal apparatus capable of removing most of salt of food waste and utilizing it as compost.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a food waste disposal apparatus capable of improving the dehydration rate of food waste and utilizing it as a solid fuel.

In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a food waste disposal apparatus for dehydrating water contained in food waste and recycling it as compost and solid fuel, wherein the food waste is introduced in one end and dehydrated inward A first treatment tank for discharging the waste water and the malodor gas generated in the dehydration to the outside; A moving unit disposed inside the first treatment tank and moving the food waste to one end of the first treatment tank to the other end of the first treatment tank; A hot air spraying unit for supplying a hot air of high temperature and pressure to the food waste inside the first treatment tank; A hot water spraying unit for supplying hot water of high temperature and high pressure to the food waste inside the first treatment tank; And a heat source supply unit for generating hot water of high temperature and high pressure and hot water of high temperature and high pressure to supply the hot air spray unit and the hot water spray unit; And a pressure dewatering unit for applying dehydration to the food waste discharged and dehydrated in the first treatment tank.

The moving unit may be a screw conveyor including a screw hub configured to be rotatable about a central axis and a helical screw blade disposed on an outer periphery of the screw hub.

The diameter of the screw hub may increase from one end of the first treatment tank to the other end.

The thermal air jetting unit may include a plurality of thermal air jet nozzles arranged at regular intervals on the inner circumferential surface of the first processing tank.

The thermal air injector may spray a thermal air having a temperature of 110 to 200 DEG C with a pressure of 1.5 to 16 bar.

The hot water jetting unit may include a plurality of first hot water jet nozzles arranged at regular intervals on the inner circumferential surface of the first treatment tank and a plurality of second hot water jet nozzles arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the screw hub.

The first hot water jetting nozzle may be disposed between the first hot air jetting nozzles.

The hot water injector has a pressure of 1.5 to 16 bar and is capable of spraying hot water having a temperature of 110 to 200 ° C.

The first and second hot water jet nozzles may be disposed up to two thirds of the food waste movement path from one end of the first treatment tank to the other end thereof.

The salt separation rate of the food waste discharged from the first treatment tank may be 80% or more.

The pressure dewatering unit may be a filter press or a belt press type.

A heat dewatering unit for applying heat to the food wastes dewatered and discharged in the first treatment tank to perform dewatering and discharging the wastewater; and a condenser for condensing odor gas and steam generated during dewatering in the heat dewatering unit, And a condenser for separating and discharging the odorous gas.

Wherein the heat treatment unit comprises a second treatment tank for dehydrating and discharging the food waste discharged and discharged from the first treatment tank to the inside after being flowed inwardly and being rotatably disposed inside the second treatment tank, And a thermal dehydration plate for providing a space for receiving the hot air of the high temperature and high pressure of the heat source supply unit and performing thermal dehydration processing on the food waste by the heat of the hot air supplied to the space.

The malodor gas discharged from the first treatment tank, the pressure dewatering unit, and the condensing unit may be supplied to the heat source supply unit and burned.

According to the present invention as described above, the water contained in the food waste can be separated by spraying hot air and hot water at high temperature and high pressure to the food waste.

In addition, the present invention can remove moisture in the cell membrane by spraying high-temperature, high-pressure hot water into the food waste to decompose the cell membrane of the food raw material into hot water.

In addition, the present invention can remove most of the salt contained in the food wastes and utilize the dehydrated food wastes as compost, as well as to facilitate the microbial treatment of the food wastes.

Further, the present invention can be utilized as a solid fuel by improving the dehydration rate of food wastes.

1 is a view illustrating a configuration of a food waste disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a view illustrating a configuration of a food waste disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1, a food waste treatment apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first treatment tank 110, a moving unit 120, a heat air spraying unit 130, a hydrothermal spraying unit 140, A heat source supply unit 150, and a pressure dewatering unit 160.

In addition, the apparatus for treating food waste 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a heat dewatering unit 170.

The first treatment tank 110 has a predetermined size and shape. Inside the first treatment tank (110), a space for performing a dehydration treatment of food waste is provided.

A first inlet 112 through which the food waste to be dehydrated is placed is disposed at one end of the first treatment tank 110 and a first outlet 114 through which the dehydrated food waste is discharged is disposed at the other end. . Here, the first input ports 112 may be arranged in a single or more numbers. The plurality of first discharge ports 114 may be disposed at a predetermined distance along the center axis of the screw hub 122, which will be described later.

In addition, the first malodorous gas outlet 116 may be disposed on one side of the first treatment tank 110 to discharge the malodorous gas generated during the dehydration process of the food waste, 1 waste water discharged from the food waste can be discharged.

The first malodor gas discharge port 116 is connected to a heat source supply unit 150 to be described later so that odorous gas separated and discharged can be burned in the heat source supply unit 150.

The first negative wastewater outlet 118 discharges the dehydrated wastewater from the food wastes to the outside and is treated using a separate wastewater treatment facility.

The moving unit 120 is disposed inside the first treatment tank 110 to move the food waste introduced through the first inlet 112 to the first outlet 114 side. In addition, the moving unit 120 continuously mixes the food waste moving from the first inlet 112 to the first outlet 114 during the movement, so that the contact between the hot water and the hot water, which will be described later, .

The moving part 120 may be a screw conveyor capable of moving and moving a predetermined material.

Here, the moving part 120 includes a screw hub 122 and a screw blade 124.

The screw hub 122 is rotatably disposed at a predetermined rotational speed from the inside of the first processing tank 110 in a cylindrical shape. The screw hub 122 is disposed parallel to the direction of feed of the food waste. Here, the diameter of the screw hub 122 increases from the first inlet 112 side toward the first outlet 114 side.

A separate motor (not shown) is mounted on one side of the screw hub 122 to rotate the screw hub 122.

The screw vane 124 has a spiral shape and is disposed on the outer periphery of the screw hub 122. The screw vane 124 allows the food waste to mix as it moves from the first inlet 112 to the first outlet 114.

Therefore, as the space between the screw hub 122 and the first processing tank 110 becomes narrower as it moves from the side of the first inlet 112 to the side of the first outlet 114, The food waste is subjected to a predetermined pressure so that water can be separated and discharged from the food waste.

The hot air spraying unit 130 injects hot air at a high temperature and a high pressure to the food waste put into the first treatment tank 110. The thermal air injector 130 injects heat to the food waste. The heat treatment forms an air layer between the cells of the food waste raw material, thereby swelling the food waste, thereby increasing the overall volume.

The thermal air injecting unit 130 includes a plurality of heat air injection nozzles arranged at regular intervals on the inner circumferential surface of the first treatment tank 110. In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for the heat air jetting portion and the heat air jetting nozzle.

Here, the pressure of the hot air injected through the thermal air injection nozzle 130 is preferably 1.5 to 16 bar. The temperature of the hot air injected through the thermal air injection nozzle 130 is preferably 110 to 200 ° C.

The hot water sprayer 140 injects hot water of high temperature and high pressure to the food waste put into the first treatment tank 110.

The hot water injector 140 includes a plurality of first hot water jetting nozzles 142 and a plurality of second hot water jetting nozzles 144.

The first hot water jetting nozzles 142 are arranged at regular intervals on the inner circumferential surface of the first treatment tank 110 to spray hot water of high temperature and high pressure to the food waste moving by the moving part 120. At this time, it is preferable that the first hot water jetting nozzles 142 are disposed between the thermal air jetting nozzles 130.

The second hot water jetting nozzle 144 is disposed on the outer circumference of the screw hub 122 and injects hot water of high temperature and high pressure to the food waste moving by the moving part 120.

The pressure of the hot water injected through the first and second hot water jet nozzles 142 and 144 is preferably 1.5 to 16 bar. In addition, the temperature of the hot water jetted through the first and second hot water jet nozzles 142 and 144 is preferably 110 to 200 ° C.

The hot water is supplied as food waste to decompose the cell membrane of the food raw material of the food waste and to separate the moisture contained in the cells of the food raw material by heating. At the same time, most of the salt contained in food wastes is removed (salinity removal rate is over 80%). Therefore, it can be easily utilized as compost.

In this embodiment, hot water at a high temperature and a high pressure in a liquid state is injected into the food waste, so that a high impact amount is applied to the food waste, and the cell membrane of the food waste can be easily destroyed.

On the other hand, the thermal air jet nozzles 130 are disposed throughout the movement path of the food waste from the first inlet 112 to the first outlet 114, but the first and second hot water jet nozzles 142, 3 of the food waste from the first inlet 112 to the first outlet 114 of the first treatment tank 110.

The cell membrane of the food raw materials contained in the food waste is decomposed by the spraying power and heat of the hot water supplied from the hot water spraying unit 140 and the moisture contained in the cells of the food raw materials is separated from the cells.

Water is separated from the food waste by the hot air supplied from the hot air spraying unit 130 and the hot water spraying unit 140 and is moved by the moving unit 120 and is dehydrated, And is discharged to the wastewater treatment device through the waste water discharge port 118. Then, the malodorous gas is supplied to the heat source supply unit 150 through the first malodor gas discharge port 116 and burned.

The dehydrated food waste is discharged through the first outlet (114).

Here, the water content of the food waste discharged through the first outlet 114 is approximately 80%, and the salt removal rate is 80% or more.

The heat source supply unit 150 supplies hot air of high temperature and high pressure and hot water of high temperature and high pressure sprayed through the hot air spray unit 130 and the hot water spray unit 140 by the heat obtained by burning the predetermined fuel. To this end, the heat source supply unit 150 can receive compressed air and water from the outside. The heat source supply unit 150 may include a boiler.

Since the boiler is a publicly known technology, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The pressure dewatering unit 160 applies a predetermined pressure to the food wastes dewatered and discharged in the first treatment tank 110 to further perform dewatering operations. In addition, in the pressure dewatering unit 160, the dewatering operation is further performed, and the food waste may have a predetermined shape.

The pressure dewatering unit 160 may be of various types such as a filter press method or a belt press method according to the needs of the user. Since the filter press and the belt press are well known in the art, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The moisture content of the food wastes discharged from the pressure dewatering unit 160 is about 45%, which can be used as a predetermined compost. The waste water discharged from the food waste at the pressure dewatering unit 160 is discharged to a separate wastewater treatment apparatus.

The food wastes that are dewatered and discharged from the pressure dewatering unit 160 can be used as compost or the like, but they can be further dehydrated according to the application purpose.

For this purpose, a thermal dehydrator 170 may be further included.

The thermal dehydration unit 170 further dehydrates the food waste discharged from the pressure dehydration unit 160 to lower the water content so as to be used as a solid fuel.

The thermal dehydration unit 170 includes a second treatment tank 172 and a thermal dehydration plate 176.

The second treatment tank 172 has a predetermined size and shape, and inwardly provides a space for performing a dehydration treatment of the food waste.

At the upper end of the second treatment tank 172, there is disposed a second inlet 173 through which the food waste discharged and dewatered from the pressure dewatering unit 160 is introduced, and a food waste, And a second outlet 174 for discharging is disposed.

In addition, a second malodor gas outlet 175 through which waste water and water vapor are discharged is arranged at one side of the upper portion of the second treatment tank 172. The second malodor gas outlet 175 is connected to the heat source supply unit 150 so that the malodor gas discharged from the second treatment tank 172 is burned and removed from the heat source supply unit 150.

The thermal dehydration plate 176 is a circular plate which has a predetermined diameter and provides a space for receiving steam of high temperature and high pressure supplied from the heat source supply unit 150 to the inside. Respectively. In the present embodiment, the thermal dehydration plate 176 is configured to receive the steam generated from the hot water supplied from the heat source supply unit 150, but may receive the thermal air supplied from the heat source supply unit 150.

Here, it is preferable that the center of the thermal dehydration plate 176 is disposed directly below the second inlet 173.

Therefore, the food wastes introduced through the second inlet 173 drop onto the upper surface of the thermal dehydration plate 176, and are dried by receiving the heat of the water vapor therein.

The thermal dehydration plate 176 rotates at a predetermined speed by the rotational force of the motor M connected to the center shaft. The food waste dewatered from the upper surface of the thermal dehydration plate 176 is subjected to a predetermined centrifugal force by the rotation of the thermal dehydration plate 176 and moves to the outer circumferential side of the thermal dehydration plate 176, As shown in FIG.

The odor and water vapor discharged from the food waste during the drying operation in the thermal dehydrating unit 170 is condensed in the condenser 180 through the second malodor gas outlet 175 and the condensed water is discharged to the external wastewater treatment device And the malodorous gas is supplied to the heat source supply unit 150 and burned.

The thermochemical characteristics of the solid runoff using the food wastes discharged through the thermal dehydrating unit 170 will be described.

[Table 1] shows the specifications of domestic solid fuel (SRF) and the solid fuel produced according to the present invention.

kcal/kg 이상이고, 회분은 20wt% 이하로써 국내 고형연료 규격을 만족함으로 알 수 있다. As can be seen from Table 1, the solid fuel produced by the present invention has a combustion component content of 0.5 wt% or less, a water content of 10 wt%, and a low calorific value of 3,500

kcal / kg, and ash content is less than 20 wt%.

division Component analysis (%) Low calorific value
(kcal / kg) moisture Ash Burnt minute C H O N S CL Food waste 8.44 14.84 76.72 34.31 5.31 33.61 2.55 0.09 0.85 76.72 3,684 Waste water sludge 9.67 44.79 45.54 18.42 2.77 20.73 2.52 0.81 0.29 45.54 2,215

Table 2 is a table showing the components of the solid fuel produced by the present invention and the solid fuel produced using the conventional negative wastewater sludge.

Referring to Table 2, the solid fuel produced according to the present invention is composed of 8.44% moisture, 14.84 ash, and 76.72% flammable components, and has a moisture content of less than 10 wt% Less than 20%, the chlorine content is 0.85% to 2.0% or less, and the low calorific value is 3,500 kcal / kg or more.

On the other hand, solid fuel produced by anaerobic digestion wastewater sludge can not meet the quality standard of moisture, ash and sulfur content, and the lower calorific value is also lower than the solid fuel produced from food waste .

Table 3 shows the combustion test results of the solid fuel according to the present invention.

quid pro quo Air ratio combustion chamber
Temperature (℃) Unit (ppm) unit(%) Dioxin
(ng-TEQ /
Nm ³ ) CO SO ₂ NO _x O ₂ CO ₂ food
waste 1.76 984 351.2 3.02 328.3 9.8 6.8 0.004 Waste water sludge 2.12 893 214.8 262.5 213.2 11.9 4.9 0.003

As shown in Table 3, when the solid fuel produced by the present invention was burned at an air ratio of 1.76, the temperature of the combustion chamber increased to 984 ° C and the amount of dioxins emitted by the salt during incineration of the solid fuel was 0.004 ng-TEQ / Nm ³ ), which is appropriate for the environmental standard value of 0.1 (ng-TEQ / Nm ³ ).

On the other hand, the solid fuel produced by the anaerobic digestion wastewater sludge showed a dioxin emission of 0.003 (ng-TEQ / Nm ³ ), but the combustion chamber temperature was only 893 ° C .

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for separating moisture contained in food wastes by spraying high-temperature, high-pressure hot air and hot water on food wastes, spraying high-temperature, high-pressure hot water into food wastes, It is possible to remove moisture in the cell membrane.

In addition, the present invention can reduce the salt contained in the food wastes and utilize the dehydrated food wastes as compost, and can more easily treat the food wastes using the microorganisms. It can be used as solid fuel by improving the dehydration rate of food waste.

While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical idea of the appended claims.

100: Food waste treatment apparatus 110: First treatment tank
120: moving part 130:
140: hot water jetting part 150: heat source supplying part
160: pressure dewatering unit 170: thermal dehydrating unit

Claims (14)

A food waste disposal apparatus for dehydrating water contained in food wastes to be recycled as compost and solid fuel,
A first treatment tank for discharging the waste water and the malodor gas generated in the dehydration to the outside;
A moving unit disposed inside the first treatment tank and moving the food waste to one end of the first treatment tank to the other end of the first treatment tank;
A hot air spraying unit for spraying hot air at a high temperature and a high pressure to the food waste inside the first treatment tank;
A hot water spraying unit for spraying hot water of high temperature and high pressure to the food waste inside the first treatment tank;
A heat source supply unit for generating hot water of high temperature and high pressure and hot water of high temperature and high pressure to supply the hot air spray unit and the hot water spray unit; And
And a pressure dewatering unit for applying dehydration to the food waste discharged and dehydrated in the first treatment tank. The method according to claim 1,
The moving unit includes:
A screw hub rotatably mounted on a central axis;
And a screw conveyor including a helical screw blade disposed on the outer periphery of the screw hub. 3. The method of claim 2,
The diameter of the screw hub,
Wherein the waste water is discharged from the first treatment tank. 3. The method of claim 2,
The heat-
And a plurality of thermal air jet nozzles arranged at regular intervals on an inner circumferential surface of the first treatment tank. 5. The method of claim 4,
The heat-
A food waste disposal apparatus having a pressure of 1.5 to 16 bar and injecting a heat air having a temperature of 110 to 200 ° C. 5. The method of claim 4,
The heat-
A plurality of first hot water jetting nozzles arranged at regular intervals on an inner peripheral surface of the first treatment tank,
And a plurality of second hot water spray nozzles disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the screw hub. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the first hot water jetting nozzle is disposed between the first hot air jetting nozzles. The method according to claim 6,
The heat-
A food waste disposal apparatus having a pressure of 1.5 to 16 bar and injecting hot water having a temperature of 110 to 200 캜. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the first and second water jet nozzles are arranged in the order of
Wherein the food wastes are disposed up to two thirds of the food waste movement path from one end of the first treatment tank to the other end thereof. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
Wherein the salt separation rate of the food waste discharged from the first treatment tank is 80% or more. The method according to claim 1,
The pressure dehydrating section
A filter press or a belt press system. The method according to claim 1,
A dehydrating unit for dehydrating the dehydrated food waste discharged from the first treatment tank by applying heat to the dehydrated food waste,
Further comprising a condensing section for condensing the odor gas and water vapor generated during dehydration in the thermal dehydration section and separating the condensed water and the odor gas into chilled water. 13. The method of claim 12,
The heat-
A second treatment tank for dehydrating and discharging the food wastes dewatered and discharged in the first treatment tank after flowing inward,
And a space for receiving the hot air of high temperature and high pressure of the heat source supply unit is provided to the inside of the second treatment tank so as to be rotatable and heat dehydration is performed for the food waste by the heat of the hot air supplied to the space. And a thermal dehydration plate for performing a treatment. 14. The method of claim 13,
And the malodor gas discharged from the first treatment tank, the pressure dewatering unit, and the condensing unit is supplied to the heat source supply unit and burned.

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