KR20170105840A - Power matching device and photovoltaic module including the same - Google Patents

Power matching device and photovoltaic module including the same Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20170105840A
KR20170105840A KR1020160029016A KR20160029016A KR20170105840A KR 20170105840 A KR20170105840 A KR 20170105840A KR 1020160029016 A KR1020160029016 A KR 1020160029016A KR 20160029016 A KR20160029016 A KR 20160029016A KR 20170105840 A KR20170105840 A KR 20170105840A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
level
power
voltage
input
unit
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KR1020160029016A
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Korean (ko)
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KR101818999B1 (en
Inventor
박영찬
송용
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엘지전자 주식회사
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S50/00Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16533Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/06Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by measuring current and voltage
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/40Testing power supplies
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Abstract

The present invention relates to a power matching device and a photovoltaic module including the same. The photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a solar cell module including a plurality of solar cells and a power matching unit for varying the level of an input voltage from the solar cell module and outputting the varied result. The power matching unit includes a first level conversion unit for converting the level of the input voltage from the solar cell module, a second level conversion unit for converting the level of the voltage converted by the first level converting unit to a second level and outputting an output voltage; and a control unit for controlling the first level conversion unit and the second level conversion unit. The control unit controls the first level conversion unit and the second level conversion unit by corresponding a first level change amount and a second level change amount which are set, respectively, for matching for preset target power, based on input power from the solar cell module. The first level change amount is larger than the second level change amount. Accordingly, power matched to power outputted from a peripheral photovoltaic module can be supplied.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a power matching device and a photovoltaic module having the power matching device and a photovoltaic module including the same,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electric power matching apparatus and a solar module having the power matching apparatus. More particularly, the present invention relates to an electric power matching apparatus capable of supplying power matched with power output from an adjacent solar module, .

With the recent depletion of existing energy sources such as oil and coal, interest in alternative energy to replace them is increasing. Among them, solar cells are attracting attention as a next-generation battery that converts solar energy directly into electrical energy using semiconductor devices.

Meanwhile, the photovoltaic module means that the solar cells for solar power generation are connected in series or in parallel.

An object of the present invention is to provide a solar module capable of supplying power matched to power output from an ambient solar module.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar module including a solar cell module including a plurality of solar cells, and a power matching unit for varying a level of an input voltage from the solar cell module, The power matching unit includes a first level converting unit for converting a level of an input voltage from the solar cell module, a second level converting unit converting the level of the voltage converted by the first level converting unit to a second level, And a control unit for controlling the first level converting unit and the second level converting unit, wherein the control unit sets the first level change amount, the second level change amount, and the second level change amount to match the set target power based on the input power from the solar cell module, And the second level change amount, respectively, and the first lattice change amount is larger than the second level change amount.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for matching an electric power, the apparatus comprising: a first level converter for converting a level of an input voltage from a solar cell module; A second level converting section for converting the level of the voltage converted by the first level converting section to a second level and outputting the output voltage, and a control section for controlling the first level converting section and the second level converting section, The control unit controls the first level converting unit and the second level converting unit to correspond to the set first level change amount and the second level change amount for matching with the set target power based on the input power from the solar cell module And the first lane change amount is larger than the second level change amount.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the solar module includes a solar cell module having a plurality of solar cells, and a power matching unit for varying the level of an input voltage from the solar cell module, A first level converting section for converting a level of an input voltage from the battery module, a second level converting section for converting the level of the voltage converted by the first level converting section to a second level and outputting an output voltage, And a control unit for controlling the level converting unit and the second level converting unit based on the input power from the solar cell module. The control unit controls the first level change amount and the second level change amount, So that the power matched to the power output from the peripheral solar module can be supplied by controlling the first level converter and the second level converter.

Particularly, by making the first lattice change amount larger than the second level change amount, it becomes possible to largely change the voltage level in the first level conversion section and perform fine adjustment in the second level conversion section.

On the other hand, the second level converter can stabilize the voltage of the output voltage, thereby stably supplying the power matched with the power.

On the other hand, by receiving the target power information from the input unit and varying the level of the output voltage output from the converter based on the received target power information, the power matched to the desired target power can be simply supplied.

Meanwhile, since the power matching unit can be detachably attached to the back surface of the solar cell module, the solar cell module having the power matching unit can be simply implemented as a solar cell module capable of power matching.

On the other hand, the power matching unit is provided in the second junction box different from the junction box, and the second junction box can be detachably attached to the back surface of the solar cell module, so that the convenience of use can be increased.

1 is an example of a photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a diagram illustrating a solar module replacement in the solar photovoltaic system of FIG.
3 is a front view of a solar module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a rear view of the solar module of Fig. 3; Fig.
5A is a diagram showing an example of a power matching unit in the solar module of FIG.
5B is a diagram showing another example of the power matching unit in the solar module of FIG.
5C is a diagram showing another example of the power matching unit in the solar module of FIG.
6A to 6C are diagrams illustrating various examples of the internal circuit diagram of the power matching unit of FIG. 5A.
7A is a diagram illustrating a voltage selection unit that can be disposed in the power matching unit.
Fig. 7B is a detailed view of the input portion of Figs. 6A to 6C. Fig.
Figs. 8A to 8D are diagrams showing various examples of the arrangement of the power matching units in Figs. 5A to 5B.
FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the solar cell module of FIG. 3. FIG.
10 is a flowchart illustrating an operation method of a solar module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
11 to 12B are views referred to in the description of the operation method of FIG.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The suffix "module" and " part "for components used in the following description are given merely for convenience of description, and do not give special significance or role in themselves. Accordingly, the terms "module" and "part" may be used interchangeably.

Fig. 1 is an example of a solar light system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a solar module replacement in the solar light system of Fig.

Referring to the drawings, a solar cell system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a plurality of solar modules 50a1 to 50a8.

In particular, it may be a system 10 in which a plurality of solar modules 50a1 to 50a8 are connected in series to supply DC power.

For example, as shown in FIG. 2, each of the plurality of solar modules 50a1 to 50a8 can supply power of 270W (= 30V (= 0.5 * 60 cells) * 9A) When a module is used, the solar system 10 can supply approximately 2160 W to 2700 W of power.

On the other hand, when a failure occurs in any of the plurality of solar modules 50a1 to 50a8 and the replacement of the corresponding solar module 50a5 is required, as a solar module of the same manufacturer, It is desirable to replace the photovoltaic module with a photovoltaic module supplying the same power.

However, as the performance of the solar module is improved, the power available for each solar module is gradually increasing. Accordingly, it may not be easy to purchase a photovoltaic module of the same model as the photovoltaic module 50a5 or a photovoltaic module that supplies the same power approximately several years later.

In order to solve this problem, the present invention proposes a circuit configuration in which a solar module to be replaced supplies power substantially equal to the supply power of an adjacent solar module.

That is, the solar module according to the embodiment of the present invention varies the level of the output voltage output from the converter so as to match with the target power, which is the same power as the peripheral solar module.

To this end, the photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a solar battery module 100 and an electric power matching unit 500, as shown in FIG. The power matching unit 500 may be referred to as a power matching apparatus.

2, when the solar cell module 100 is capable of supplying 360W (= 36V (= 0.5 * 72 cells) * 10A), the power matching unit 500 is configured to match the photovoltaic module supplying 270W The output power is decreased, and finally, the power is supplied to 270 W. FIG.

Specifically, the power matching unit 500 can perform the power matching operation when the peripheral solar module supplies a voltage of 30 V and a current of 9 A as a solar module having 60 cells.

For example, when the photovoltaic module 50 is a photovoltaic module having 72 cells and is capable of supplying a voltage of 36 V and a current of 10 A, the power matching unit 500 can be connected to the adjacent solar module in series connection , 10A can be lowered to 9A, and 36V can be lowered to 30V.

Thus, by replacing the power matched photovoltaic module 50 with the failed photovoltaic module 50a5, it is possible to simply perform the replacement. Therefore, the power consumption can be stably supplied from the system 10.

Various examples of the power matching unit 500 are possible and will be described with reference to FIG.

3 is a front view of a solar module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a rear view of the solar module shown in FIG.

Referring to the drawings, a solar module 50 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a solar cell module 100 and a junction box 200 located on the back surface of the solar cell module 100.

The junction box 200 may include at least one bypass diode that is bypassed to prevent hot spots in the case of shadow generation or the like.

In FIG. 5A and the like, three bypass diodes (Da, Db, and Dc in FIG. 5A) are provided corresponding to the four solar cell strings in FIG.

Meanwhile, the junction box 200 may include the power matching unit 500 described above. At this time, the power matching unit 500 may be electrically connected to the output terminal of the bypass diode in a detachable module form.

The power matching unit can convert the DC power supplied from the solar cell module 100 for power matching with other solar modules, as described in the description of Figs. This will be described with reference to FIG.

On the other hand, the solar cell module 100 may include a plurality of solar cells.

In the figure, a plurality of sink cells are connected in series by ribbons (133 in FIG. 9) to form a solar cell string 140. By this, six strings 140a, 140b, 140c, 140d, 140e and 140f are formed, and each string includes ten solar cells. Unlike the drawings, various modifications are possible.

On the other hand, each solar cell string can be electrically connected by a bus ribbon. 3 is a sectional view showing the first solar cell string 140a and the second solar cell string 140b by the bus ribbons 145a, 145c and 145e arranged at the lower part of the solar cell module 100, The battery string 140c and the fourth solar cell string 140d illustrate that the fifth solar cell string 140e and the sixth solar cell string 140f are electrically connected.

3 shows the second solar cell string 140b and the third solar cell string 140c respectively by the bus ribbons 145b and 145d disposed on the upper part of the solar cell module 100, And that the battery string 140d and the fifth solar cell string 140e are electrically connected.

On the other hand, the ribbon connected to the first string, the bus ribbons 145b and 145d, and the ribbon connected to the fourth string are electrically connected to the first through fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c, and 135d, respectively The first to fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c and 135d are connected to bypass diodes (Da, Db and Dc in Fig. 5A) in the junction box 200 arranged on the back surface of the solar cell module 100, Respectively. In the drawing, the first through fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c, and 135d extend through the openings formed on the solar cell module 100 to the back surface of the solar cell module 100. FIG.

It is preferable that the junction box 200 is disposed closer to an end of the solar cell module 100 where the conductive lines extend.

5A is a diagram showing an example of a power matching unit in the solar module of FIG.

Referring to the drawings, the power supply unit 400a in the solar module may include a bypass diode unit 510 and a power matching unit 500a.

Meanwhile, the bypass diode 510 and the power matching unit 500a may be disposed together in the junction box 200 as shown in FIG. 8A, but they may be separately arranged as shown in FIG. 8C Do. That is, the bypass diode unit 510 may be disposed in the junction box 200, and the power matching unit 500a may be disposed in the second junction box 201.

The bypass diode unit 510 includes bypass diodes Dc, Db, Da disposed between the first to fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c, and 135d of the solar cell module 100, . At this time, it is preferable that the number of the bypass diodes is one or more and smaller than the number of the conductive lines by one.

The bypass diodes Dc, Db and Da are connected to the first to fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c and 135d in the solar cell module 100, Power is input. The bypass diodes Dc, Db, and Da can be bypassed when a reverse voltage is generated from a DC power source from at least one of the first through fourth conductive lines 135a, 135b, 135c, and 135d have.

On the other hand, the DC power source through the bypass diode 510 can be input to the power matching unit 500a.

The power matching unit 500a of FIG. 5A may include a capacitor unit 520, a first level converter 530, a second level converter 570, and a controller 550.

The power matching unit 500a of FIG. 5A includes an input current sensing unit A, an input voltage sensing unit B, an output current sensing unit C, an output voltage sensing unit D, a converted current sensing unit E, , And a converted voltage detecting unit (F).

5A, the power matching unit 500 includes a first level converting unit 530 for converting a level of an input voltage from the solar cell module 100, a first level converting unit 530, A second level converting unit 570 for converting the level of the voltage converted by the first level converting unit 530 and the second level converting unit 570 into a second level and outputting an output voltage, And may include a control unit 550.

At this time, the control unit 550 determines, based on the input power from the solar cell module 100, the first level change amount and the second level change amount for matching with the set target power, The level converting unit 530 and the second level converting unit 570 can be controlled. On the other hand, it is preferable that the first lane change amount is larger than the second level change amount. Accordingly, the power output from the peripheral solar module can be used as the target power, and the power matched to the power output from the peripheral solar module can be supplied.

The capacitor unit 520 may store an input DC power input through the solar cell module 100 and the bypass diode unit 510. [

In the figure, the capacitor unit 520 includes a plurality of capacitors Ca, Cb, and Cc connected in parallel to each other. Alternatively, a plurality of capacitors may be connected in series- It is also possible to connect to the terminal. Alternatively, it is also possible that the capacitor unit 520 includes only one capacitor.

The first level converter 530 can convert the level of the input voltage from the solar cell module 100 through the bypass diode unit 510 and the capacitor unit 520. [

In particular, the first level converter 530 may perform power conversion using the DC power stored in the capacitor 520.

For example, the first level converter 530 may include a plurality of resistive elements or a transformer, and may perform voltage distribution with respect to the input voltage based on the set target power.

Next, the second level converter 570 can convert the level of the voltage converted by the first level converter 530 to the second level, and output the output voltage.

The second level converter 570 is disposed at the output terminal of the first level converter 530 and can stabilize the level of the voltage converted by the first level converter 530. Thus, the power matched power can be stably supplied.

The input current sensing unit A may sense the input current ic1 supplied from the solar cell module 100 to the capacitor unit 520. [

The input voltage sensing unit B may sense the input voltage Vc1 supplied from the solar cell module 100 to the capacitor unit 520. [ Here, the input voltage Vc1 may be equal to the voltage stored across the capacitor unit 520. [

The sensed input current ic1 and the input voltage vc1 may be input to the control unit 550. [

The converted current detector E detects the converted current ic3 outputted from the first level converter 530, that is, the dc stage current. The converted voltage detector F detects the converted current ic3 outputted from the first level converter 530 (Dc) terminal voltage, which is output from the inverter (not shown). The sensed converted current ic3 and the converted voltage vc3 may be input to the control unit 550. [

The output current detection unit C senses the output current ic2 output from the second level conversion unit 570 and the output voltage detection unit D outputs the output And senses the voltage vc2. The sensed output current ic2 and the output voltage vc2 may be input to the control unit 550. [

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can control the first level converting unit 530 and the second level converting unit 570.

Specifically, the control unit 550 determines, based on input power from the solar cell module 100, the first level change amount and the second level change amount for matching with the set target power, The level converting unit 530 and the second level converting unit 570 can be controlled.

In particular, the control unit 550 can set the first level change amount of the first level conversion unit 530 to be larger than the second level change amount of the second level conversion unit 570.

Particularly, by making the first lane change amount larger than the second level change amount, the voltage level of the first level converter 530 can be largely changed and the fine adjustment can be performed in the second level converter 570 .

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can calculate the input power based on the input current ic1 and the input voltage vc1 from the solar cell module 100. [ The control unit 550 can compute the first level change amount of the first level conversion unit 530 by comparing the input power and the target power.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can calculate the converted power based on the converted current ic2 and the converted voltage vc2 from the first level converting unit 530. [ Then, the control unit 550 can compute the second level change amount of the second level conversion unit 570 by comparing the converted power and the target power.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can calculate the output power based on the output current ic3 and the output voltage vc3 from the second level converter 570. [ The control unit 550 can compute the first level change amount of the first level conversion unit 530 or the second level change amount of the second level conversion unit 570 by comparing the output power and the target power.

On the other hand, when the difference between the target power and the input power is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the control unit 550 controls the first level converting unit 530 so that the output power of the first level converting unit 530 matches the target power can do.

On the other hand, when the difference between the target power and the input power is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the control unit 550 performs fine adjustment in the second level converting unit 570. Accordingly, when the output power of the first level converting unit 530 is higher than the target The first level converter 530 can be controlled to match the power.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 receives the target power information from the input unit 450 and controls the level of the output voltage output from the first level converting unit 530 to be variable, based on the received target power information .

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can calculate the point corresponding to the target electric power for the DC voltage section supplied from the solar cell module 100, and control to supply the output voltage corresponding to the calculated point.

Specifically, the control unit 550 calculates a point corresponding to the target power with respect to the DC voltage section supplied from the solar cell module 100, and supplies the output voltage corresponding to the calculated point, The control unit 530 can be controlled.

Alternatively, the control unit 550 may calculate the point corresponding to the target power for the DC voltage section supplied from the solar cell module 100, and supply the output voltage corresponding to the calculated point, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 570 < / RTI >

That is, the control unit 550 calculates the maximum power point for the solar cell module 100, and outputs the DC power corresponding to the maximum power to the first level converter 530 or the second level converter 530, And controls the conversion unit 570.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can control the second level converter 570 to calculate the maximum power point for the solar cell module 100 and accordingly output the DC power corresponding to the maximum power have.

In order to match with the set target power based on the input power from the solar cell module 100 for power matching, the control unit 550 controls the second level conversion unit It is possible to control the level of the output voltage output from the inverter 570 to be variable.

In particular, the control unit 550 calculates the input power based on the input current and the input voltage from the solar cell module 100, and based on the difference between the input power and the target power, the second level conversion unit 570 It is possible to control the level of the output voltage to be varied.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 calculates the input power based on the input current and the input voltage from the solar cell module 100, and when the difference between the target power and the input power is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, 570 may be controlled to match the target power.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 receives the target power information Stp from the input unit 450 that sets the target power, and based on the received target power information Stp, It is possible to control the level of the output voltage to be varied.

On the other hand, the target power can correspond to the output power of the adjacent solar module. This target power can be received via power line communication from an adjacent solar module.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can calculate the point corresponding to the target electric power for the DC voltage section supplied from the solar cell module 100, and control to supply the output voltage corresponding to the calculated point.

5B is a diagram showing another example of the power matching unit in the solar module of FIG.

Referring to the drawings, the power supply unit 400b in the solar module may include a bypass diode unit 510 and a power matching unit 500b.

Meanwhile, the bypass diode unit 510 and the power matching unit 500b may be disposed together in the junction box 200 as shown in FIG. 8B, but they may be separately arranged as shown in FIG. 8D Do. That is, the bypass diode section 510 may be disposed in the junction box 200, and the power matching section 500b may be disposed in the second junction box 201.

The power matching unit 500b of FIG. 5B is similar to the power matching unit 500a of FIG. 5A but is disposed at the input of the first level converting unit 530, And a voltage selection unit 585 for distribution and selection of the voltage.

That is, the voltage corresponding to the set target power can be input to the input terminal of the first level converting section 530 by the voltage selecting section 585. [

For this, the voltage selector 585 may include a plurality of switching elements and a plurality of comparators. Based on the selection signal from the controller 550, the voltage selector 585 may select one of the plurality of voltage levels, , And the comparator operate to output the corresponding voltage level.

6A to 6C are diagrams illustrating various examples of the internal circuit diagram of the power matching unit of FIG. 5A.

First, FIG. 6A illustrates a power matching unit 500aa corresponding to the power matching unit 500a of FIG. 5A.

The power matching unit 500aa may include a first level converting unit 530a including a plurality of resistance elements Ra and Rb and a second level converting unit 570a including a tap inductor converter.

Particularly, the resistance value of the variable resistive element Rb is varied by the variable signal Srb corresponding to the input signal Stp of the input section 450. Accordingly, the first level conversion section 530a converts the level The changed DC voltage can be outputted.

On the other hand, the second level converter 570a including the tap inductor converter can output a DC voltage with a slight level change smaller than that of the first level converter 530a.

Meanwhile, the controller 550 may control the second level converter 570a including the tap inductor converter so as to calculate the maximum power point and accordingly output the DC power corresponding to the maximum power.

 The second level converter 570a, that is, the tap inductor converter includes a tap inductor T, a switching element S1 connected between the tap inductor T and the ground terminal, and a switch element S1 connected to the output terminal of the tap inductor, And may include a diode D1 for performing the operation.

On the other hand, a dc short capacitor (not shown) may be connected between the output terminal of the diode D1, that is, between the cathode and the ground terminal.

Specifically, the switching element S1 can be connected between the taps of the tap inductor T and the ground terminal. The output terminal (secondary side) of the tap inductor T may be connected to the anode of the diode D1.

On the other hand, the primary side and the secondary side of the tap inductor T have opposite polarities. On the other hand, the tap inductor T may be referred to as a switching transformer.

On the other hand, the switching element S1 in the second level converter 570 can be turned on / off based on the switching control signal from the controller 550. [ Thereby, the level-converted DC power can be outputted.

Next, FIG. 6B illustrates a power matching unit 500ab corresponding to the power matching unit 500a of FIG. 5A.

The power matching unit 500ab may include a first level converting unit 530b including a plurality of resistance elements Ra and Rb and a second level converting unit 570b including a buck converter.

In particular, the resistance value of the variable resistive element Rb is varied by the variable signal Srb corresponding to the input signal Stp of the input section 450, and accordingly, the first level conversion section 530b converts the level The changed DC voltage can be outputted.

On the other hand, the second level converter 570b including the buck converter is capable of outputting a DC voltage whose level of change is smaller than that of the first level converter 530b and of which the level has been changed to a fine level.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 can control the second level converter 570b including the buck converter to calculate the maximum power point and accordingly output the DC power corresponding to the maximum power.

The second level converter 570b, that is, the buck converter includes a switching element Sa, an inductor element La, a diode element Db, a switching element Sa and an inductor element La And a capacitor element Cx provided between the inductor element La and the diode element Db.

On the other hand, the switching element Sa in the second level converter 570 can be turned on / off based on the switching control signal from the controller 550. [ Thereby, the level-converted DC power can be outputted.

Next, FIG. 6C illustrates a power matching unit 500ac corresponding to the power matching unit 500a of FIG. 5A.

The power matching unit 500ac may include a first level converting unit 530c including a tap inductor converter, and a second level converting unit 570c including a buck converter.

Particularly, the duty is varied by the switching control signal Ss1 corresponding to the input signal Stp of the input unit 450, and accordingly, the DC voltage changed in level by the first level converting unit 530c can be outputted .

On the other hand, the second level converter 570c including the buck converter can output a DC voltage whose level of change is smaller than that of the first level converter 530c by a minute level change.

On the other hand, the control unit 550 includes a first level converter 530c including a tapped inductor converter or a converter including a buck converter to calculate a maximum power point and output a DC power corresponding to the maximum power Level conversion unit 570c.

6A to 6C, the first and second level converting units can be modified in various ways.

The first level converting section may include a plurality of resistive elements or a transformer. Or the first level converter may be any one of a boost converter, a buck converter, a buck boost converter, a flyback converter, a tap inductor converter, a forward converter, and the like.

Meanwhile, the second level converter may be any one of a variety of variations, for example, a stalk converter, a buck converter, a buck boost converter, a flyback converter, a tap inductor converter, a forward converter and the like.

Meanwhile, the first level converting unit and the second level converting unit in the power matching unit 500b of FIG. 5B can be variously modified as described in the description of FIG. 5A.

7A is a diagram illustrating a voltage selection unit that can be disposed in the power matching unit.

Referring to the drawing, a voltage selector 585 is used to distribute the input voltage from the solar cell module 100. [

To this end, the voltage selection unit 585 may be attached to the output terminal of the bypass diode unit 510, that is, the input terminal of the first level conversion unit 530.

That is, the voltage selection unit 585 may be arranged between the bypass diode unit 510 and the first level conversion unit 530.

The voltage selector 585 may include a plurality of switching elements Swa, Swb and Swc and a plurality of comparators Coma, Comb and Comc as shown in the drawing, , SSwb, and SSwc), a switching element corresponding to the selected voltage level among the plurality of voltage levels, and a comparator are operated to output the corresponding voltage level.

In the figure, the voltage selecting unit 585 includes a plurality of voltage selecting units 586a, 586b, and 586c, and each of the voltage selecting units 586a, 586b, and 586c includes a plurality of switching elements Swa , Swb, Swc). A plurality of resistive elements and comparators (Coma, Comb, Comc) are provided, respectively.

On the other hand, it is possible to further include a resistance element and a diode element arranged at input ends of the plurality of voltage selecting portions 586a, 586b and 586c.

Fig. 7B is a detailed view of the input portion of Figs. 6A to 6C. Fig.

Referring to the drawings, the input unit 450 may include an operation button 455 for selecting a target power.

When the operation button 455 is physically moved, any one of a plurality of target powers is selected, and the input unit 450 can transmit the corresponding target power information Stp to the control unit 550. [

In the figure, 21V / 6A, 42V / 6A, 49V / 9A, 63V / 10A and the like are exemplified as examples of a plurality of target powers, but various modifications are possible. For example, the target power corresponding to 30V / 9A corresponding to that described in the explanation of Fig. 1 and the like can be further exemplified.

Figs. 8A to 8D are diagrams showing various examples of the arrangement of the power matching units in Figs. 5A to 5B.

8A illustrates that the bypass diode 510 and the power matching unit 500a of FIG. 5A are disposed together in the junction box 200. FIG. At this time, the power matching unit 500a is detachable in the junction box 200. [

FIG. 8B illustrates that the bypass diode unit 510 and the power matching unit 500b of FIG. 5B are disposed together in the junction box 200. FIG. At this time, the power matching unit 500b is detachable in the junction box 200.

8C illustrates that only the junction box 200 is disposed in the bypass diode unit 510 and the power matching unit 500a in FIG. 5A is disposed in the second junction box 201. FIG. At this time, the power matching unit 500a is detachable in the second junction box 201. [ Or the second junction box 201 can be detachably attached to the back surface of the solar cell module 100.

FIG. 8D illustrates that only the junction box 200 is disposed in the bypass diode 510 and the power matching unit 500b in FIG. 5B is disposed in the second junction box 201. FIG. At this time, the power matching unit 500b is detachably attachable within the second junction box 201. Or the second junction box 201 can be detachably attached to the back surface of the solar cell module 100.

FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the solar cell module of FIG. 3. FIG.

Referring to FIG. 9, the solar cell module 100 of FIG. 3 may include a plurality of solar cells 130. The first sealing material 120 and the second sealing material 150 located on the lower surface and the upper surface of the plurality of solar cells 130 and the rear substrate 110 and the second sealing material 120 located on the lower surfaces of the first sealing material 120, And may further include a front substrate 160 positioned on the top surface of the sealing member 150.

The solar cell 130 is a semiconductor device that converts solar energy into electrical energy. The solar cell 130 may be a silicon solar cell, a compound semiconductor solar cell, a tandem solar cell, Dye-sensitized or CdTe, CIGS type solar cells, thin film solar cells, and the like.

The solar cell 130 is formed of a light receiving surface on which solar light is incident and a rear surface opposite to the light receiving surface. For example, the solar cell 130 includes a silicon substrate of a first conductivity type, a second conductivity type semiconductor layer formed on the silicon substrate and having a conductivity type opposite to that of the first conductivity type, An antireflection film formed on the second conductive type semiconductor layer and having at least one opening exposing a part of the surface of the second conductive type semiconductor layer; And a rear electrode formed on the rear surface of the silicon substrate.

Each solar cell 130 may be electrically connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel. Specifically, a plurality of solar cells 130 can be electrically connected by a ribbon 133. [ The ribbon 133 may be bonded to the front electrode formed on the light receiving surface of the solar cell 130 and the rear electrode collecting electrode formed on the rear surface of another adjacent solar cell 130. [

In the figure, it is illustrated that the ribbon 133 is formed in two lines, and the solar cell 130 is connected in series by the ribbon 133 to form the solar cell string 140.

Thus, six strings 140a, 140b, 140c, 140d, 140e and 140f are formed as shown in FIG. 3, and each string may include ten solar cells.

The back substrate 110 may be, but is not limited to, a TPT (Tedlar / PET / Tedlar) type having a waterproof, insulating and ultraviolet shielding function as a back sheet. In FIG. 5A, the rear substrate 110 is shown as a rectangular shape. However, the rear substrate 110 may be formed in various shapes, such as a circular shape or a semicircular shape, depending on the environment in which the solar cell module 100 is installed.

The first sealing material 120 may be attached to the rear substrate 110 to have the same size as the rear substrate 110 and a plurality of solar cells 130 may be formed on the first sealing material 120 And can be positioned adjacent to each other so as to achieve the same.

The second sealing member 150 may be positioned on the solar cell 130 and may be laminated to the first sealing member 120.

Here, the first sealant 120 and the second sealant 150 allow each element of the solar cell to chemically bond. The first sealing material 120 and the second sealing material 150 can be various examples such as an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) film.

On the other hand, the front substrate 160 is preferably placed on the second sealing material 150 so as to transmit sunlight, and is preferably made of tempered glass in order to protect the solar cell 130 from an external impact or the like. Further, it is more preferable to use a low-iron-content tempered glass containing a small amount of iron in order to prevent the reflection of sunlight and increase the transmittance of sunlight.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an operation method of a solar module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 11 to 12B are diagrams referred to the description of the control method of FIG.

10, the input current sensing unit A and the input voltage sensing unit B of the solar module 50 detect the input current Ic1 and the input voltage Vc1, respectively (S910) .

The control unit 550 may receive the input current Ic1 and the input voltage Vc1 detected by the input current sensing unit A and the input voltage sensing unit B. [

Then, the control unit 550 can calculate the input power based on the detected input current Ic1 and the input voltage Vc1.

Next, the control unit 550 determines whether the difference between the set target power and the input power is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (S930). If so, control is performed so as to match the target power for matching with the peripheral solar module (S940).

The control unit 550 can perform power matching using the power matching unit 500a or 500b attached to the solar module 50 to be replaced.

As described in Figs. 1 and 2, in a state where each of the plurality of solar modules 50a1 to 50a8 supplies power of 270W (= 30V (= 0.5 * 60 cells) * 9A) When a failure occurs in the module 50a5 and the solar module 50a5 needs to be replaced, the controller 550 in the solar module 50 to be replaced can perform power matching.

The controller 550 controls the photovoltaic module to match with the photovoltaic module supplying 270 W when the photovoltaic module 100 in the photovoltaic module 50 is capable of supplying 360 W (= 36 V (= 0.5 * 72 cells) * 10 A) It is possible to control the power output of the power matching unit 500 to be down so that the power of 270 W is finally supplied.

More specifically, when the surrounding solar module is a solar module having 60 cells and the solar module 50 supplies 72 cells with a voltage of 30 V and a current of 9 A, As a solar module having a voltage of 36V and a current of 10A it is possible to control 10A to 9A and 36V to 30V for series connection with adjacent solar modules.

Thus, by replacing the power matched photovoltaic module 50 with the failed photovoltaic module 50a5, it is possible to simply perform the replacement. Therefore, the power consumption can be stably supplied from the system 10.

11 is a graph showing the relation between the voltage versus power curve VPC1 by the solar cell module of the peripheral solar module and the voltage versus power curve VPC2 by the solar cell module 100 of the solar cell module 50 of the present invention, .

VPC1 and VPC12 are compared, it can be seen that the voltage range that can be supplied from the solar cell module 100 of the solar cell module 50 of the present invention is larger and the power that can be supplied is larger.

On the other hand, according to the voltage versus power curve VPC1 of the peripheral solar module, since the power increases from the voltage V1 to the voltage Vmpp1 by the maximum power point tracking algorithm (MPPT), the calculated power is renewed . Then, since the power decreases from the voltage Vmpp1 to the voltage V2, Pmpp1 corresponding to the voltage Vmpp1 at the point mpp1 is determined as the maximum power.

Accordingly, adjacent solar cell modules supply the voltage Vmpp1 and the power of Pmpp1 corresponding to the Impp1 current, as shown in Fig. 12A. Here, the Vmpp1 voltage is approximately 30 V, the Impp1 current is approximately 9 A, and the Pmpp1 power may be 270 W. [

According to the voltage-versus-power curve VPC2 of the photovoltaic module of the present invention, the controller 550 uses the maximum power point tracking algorithm (MPPT) , And current, and so on.

As described above, since the target power of the peripheral solar module is Pmpp1, the control unit 550 can control the output power to be Pmpp1.

That is, the control unit 550 can calculate the mpp2 point as a point at which output can be performed. Accordingly, the photovoltaic module 50 can supply the voltage Vmpp2 and the power of Pmpp1 according to the Impp1 current through the power matching unit 500, as shown in Fig. 12 (b). Here, the voltage Vmpp2 is approximately 29.7V, the Impp1 current is approximately 9A, and the Pmpp1 power may be approximately 267W.

It is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited in its application to the details of construction and the manner in which the above described embodiments of the invention are put into practice, .

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (20)

A solar cell module comprising a plurality of solar cells; And
And a power matching unit for varying a level of an input voltage from the solar cell module,
Wherein the power matching unit comprises:
A first level converter for converting a level of an input voltage from the solar cell module;
A second level converter for converting a level of the voltage converted by the first level converter to a second level and outputting an output voltage;
And a controller for controlling the first level converter and the second level converter,
Wherein,
And a control unit for controlling the first level converting unit and the second level converting unit in correspondence with the set first level changing amount and the second level changing amount for matching with the set target power based on the input power from the solar cell module In addition,
And the first lattice change amount is larger than the second level change amount.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the power matching unit comprises:
An input current detector for detecting an input current input to the first level converter;
An input voltage detector for detecting an input voltage input to the first level converter;
A conversion current detector for detecting a conversion current output to the first level converter;
A conversion voltage detector for detecting a conversion voltage output to the first level converter;
An output current detector for detecting an output current output from the second level converter;
And an output voltage detector for detecting an output voltage output from the second level converter,
Wherein,
And calculates the input power based on the input current and the input voltage from the solar cell module.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein,
And controls the first level converter so that the output power of the first level converter matches the target power when the difference between the target power and the input power is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the second level converter comprises:
Wherein the first level converting unit is disposed at an output terminal of the first level converting unit and stabilizes the level of the voltage converted by the first level converting unit.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first level converting unit comprises:
A plurality of resistive elements, or a transformer, and performs a voltage distribution with respect to the input voltage based on the set target electric power.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the power matching unit comprises:
And a voltage selection unit disposed at an input terminal of the first level conversion unit and for distributing and selecting an input voltage from the solar cell module.
The method according to claim 1,
And an input unit for setting a target power,
Wherein,
Wherein the control unit receives the target power information from the input unit and controls the level of the output voltage output from the first level conversion unit to be variable based on the received target power information.
The method according to claim 1,
And a junction box having at least one bypass diode for receiving DC power from the solar cell module,
Wherein the power matching unit is detachably attached to the junction box.
The method according to claim 1,
A junction box having at least one bypass diode for receiving DC power from the solar cell module; And
And a second junction box different from the junction box,
Wherein the power matching unit is provided in the second junction box,
Wherein the second junction box is detachably attachable to the back surface of the solar cell module.
The method according to claim 1,
The target power
And corresponds to an output power of an adjacent solar module.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein,
Wherein the control unit calculates a point corresponding to the target electric power for the DC voltage section supplied from the solar cell module and controls to supply an output voltage corresponding to the calculated point.
A power matching device detachably attachable to a back surface of a solar cell module,
A first level converter for converting a level of an input voltage from the solar cell module;
A second level converter for converting a level of the voltage converted by the first level converter to a second level and outputting an output voltage;
And a controller for controlling the first level converter and the second level converter,
Wherein,
And a control unit for controlling the first level converting unit and the second level converting unit in correspondence with the set first level changing amount and the second level changing amount for matching with the set target power based on the input power from the solar cell module In addition,
Wherein the first lattice change amount is larger than the second level change amount.
13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein,
An input current detector for detecting an input current input to the first level converter;
An input voltage detector for detecting an input voltage input to the first level converter;
A conversion current detector for detecting a conversion current output to the first level converter;
A conversion voltage detector for detecting a conversion voltage output to the first level converter;
An output current detector for detecting an output current output from the second level converter;
And an output voltage detector for detecting an output voltage output from the second level converter,
Wherein,
And calculates the input power based on the input current and the input voltage from the solar cell module.
13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein,
Wherein the control unit controls the first level converting unit so that the output power of the first level converting unit matches the target power when the difference between the target power and the input power is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.
13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein the second level converter comprises:
Wherein the first level converting unit is disposed at an output terminal of the first level converting unit and stabilizes the level of the voltage converted by the first level converting unit.
13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein the first level converting unit comprises:
A plurality of resistive elements, or a transformer, and performs voltage division with respect to the input voltage based on the set target electric power.
13. The method of claim 12,
And a voltage selection unit disposed at an input terminal of the first level conversion unit and for distributing and selecting an input voltage from the solar cell module.
13. The method of claim 12,
And an input unit for setting a target power,
Wherein,
Wherein the control unit receives the target power information from the input unit and controls the level of the output voltage output from the first level conversion unit to be variable based on the received target power information.
13. The method of claim 12,
The target power
Wherein the output power corresponds to the output power of an adjacent solar module.
13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein,
Calculates a point corresponding to the target power with respect to a DC voltage section supplied from the solar cell module, and controls to supply an output voltage corresponding to the calculated point.
KR1020160029016A 2016-03-10 2016-03-10 Power matching device and photovoltaic module including the same KR101818999B1 (en)

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JP2019102601A (en) * 2017-11-30 2019-06-24 三菱電機株式会社 Solar cell module and solar cell system

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US20090217965A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2009-09-03 Dougal Roger A Apparatus and method for enhanced solar power generation and maximum power point tracking
KR101490853B1 (en) 2014-01-28 2015-02-09 (주)엔지피 Grid-connected photovoltaic system and operating method thereof

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