KR20170103361A - Variable multi-DOF counterbalance mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a variable multi-degree of freedom (DOF) gravity torque compensation mechanism capable of responding to a biaxial ground angle change, wherein a pair of gravity torque compensation mechanisms are installed in parallel in a link rotating about a joint, and a size of compensation torque generated in the gravity torque compensation mechanisms being able to individually be controlled. As such, even though a mounting surface of a robot or an angle of the ground is rotated in a pitch direction or a yaw direction to be changed, appropriate compensation torque is able to be provided to each joint. Moreover, a volume of an actuator required to operate a robot is able to be minimized.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a variable multi-DOF counterbalance mechanism for a multi-

The present invention can control the reference plane by measuring the displacement angle of the robot base or the mounting surface of the robot so that even if the angle of the mounting surface or the ground of the robot is changed by rotating in the pitch direction and the yaw direction, And more particularly, to a multi-degree of freedom variable gravity torque compensator capable of minimizing the capacity of an actuator required for driving a robot in response to a biaxial ground angle change.

With the increasing interest and demand for human - robot collaboration, various collaborative robots have been developed to date, but they are not activated compared to existing industrial robots. The main reason for this phenomenon is that the risk of collision between human-robot is still high. Unlike conventional industrial robots that operate in isolation from humans, high safety is essential for collaborative robots that must coexist with human beings. In order to solve this problem, various methods of collision prediction, detection, and countermeasures have been implemented. Generally, however, robots use high-capacity motors and decelerators in order to provide sufficient torque necessary for operation. In the event of an accident, it can cause serious injury to a person. In addition, if the specification of the motor or the like is lowered for safety, the torque necessary for the operation and the operation of the robot can not be provided. Therefore, it is difficult to solve the safety problem. Therefore, in order to activate the human-robot collaboration industry, it is necessary to develop a safety robot composed of a motor having a minimum capacity while maintaining the performance of the existing robot.

A gravity compensation mechanism, which is a typical method developed to reduce the motor capacity used in a robot, is a mechanism that can minimize the torque required during operation by canceling the gravity torque generated by the self weight in the robot joint.

As shown in Fig. 1, the self-weight compensating device includes a spring member 3 for generating a compensating torque, and a self- An appropriate compensation torque can be generated in accordance with the rotation angle of the link 2 only when the point of action B is always located at the same position and rotation angle. That is, when the angle of the ground on which the base 1 is fixed is changed or the base 1 is installed and fixed in a non-vertical state, an appropriate compensation torque does not work and the actual robot whose angle of the reference surface is different or changes There is a limitation in applying the method.

In addition, when the robot arm is mounted on a mobile platform, or when the robot is mounted on a humanoid robot and its waist position is changed, the pitch and yaw angle of the mounting surface on which the robot arm is mounted are changed, The necessary compensation torque is changed. However, the conventional technique has a problem in that it can not be adjusted so that an appropriate compensation torque is generated for both the pitch of the mounting surface and the rotation in the yaw direction.

JP 2003-181789 A (2003.07.02.)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a robot, which can measure a mounting surface of a robot or a rotation angle displacement of the robot base, A variable degree of freedom gravity torque capable of providing an appropriate compensation torque to each joint even when the angle is changed in the pitch direction and the yaw direction and capable of minimizing the capacity of the actuator required for driving the robot, And to provide a compensation device.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multi-degree-of-freedom variable gravity torque compensator capable of coping with changes in biaxial ground angle of the present invention, comprising: a first link, and the second link is disposed at a distance from the second joint, one end of the second link is connected to the second joint and the other end is coupled to the second link, A 1-1 gravity torque compensating device and a 1-2 gravity torque compensating device for generating a compensating torque for the own weight of the second link when the link rotates around the second joint; A second-1 reference plane formed to be coaxial with a rotation axis of the second joint and rotatable about a rotation axis of the second joint, A -2-2 reference plane to which one end of the gravity torque compensator is connected and connected; And a first reference surface control device coupled to the first link, the first reference surface control device being connected to the second reference surface and capable of adjusting and fixing a rotation angle of the second reference surface; And a first and second reference surface control unit coupled to the first link and connected to the second reference plane and capable of adjusting and fixing the rotation angle of the second reference plane; And the rotation angles of the 2-1 reference plane and the 2-2 reference plane may be separately adjusted and fixed.

The first link is rotatably connected to the base portion to form a first joint, which is a yaw direction rotation axis horizontal to the ground, and the first reference plane control device includes a rotation axis of the first joint, A first reference surface which is coaxially arranged and is rotatable around a rotation axis of the first joint, and is connected to the second reference surface and interlocked with the first reference surface; And a first reference plane control motor connected to the first reference plane and fixed to the base unit and capable of adjusting and fixing the rotation angle of the first reference plane, A first reference surface that is coaxial with the rotation axis of the first joint and is rotatable around a rotation axis of the first joint and is connected to the second reference surface and interlocked with the second reference surface; And a first and second reference plane control motors connected to the first and second reference planes and fixed to the base unit to adjust and fix the rotation angle of the first and second reference planes.

Further, a tilt sensor installed at the first link or the base portion and capable of measuring a rotation angle (tilt) around the pitch direction of the first link or the base portion and a rotation angle (tilt) around the yaw direction And further comprising:

The first and second reference planes are connected to the first reference plane control device, the first and second reference plane control devices, and the tilt sensor, And a main control unit for automatically controlling a rotation angle of the 2-1 reference plane and a rotation angle of the 2-2 reference plane through the 1-2 reference plane control apparatus.

Further, the second-1 reference plane and the second-2 reference plane are controlled according to an angle at which the first link or the base portion is inclined with respect to the pitch direction with respect to a ground plane perpendicular to the gravity direction, And the position is fixed by rotating the 2-1 reference plane and the 2-2 reference plane in the same direction with the same angle and the same inclination direction.

Further, the second-1 reference plane and the second-2 reference plane are controlled according to an angle at which the first link or the base portion tilts about the yaw direction with respect to a ground plane perpendicular to the gravity direction, The degree of rotation of the 2-1 reference plane and the 2-2 reference plane is adjusted according to the tilted angle, and the 2-1 reference plane and the 2-2 reference plane are rotated in opposite directions to be controlled to be fixed in position .

A third joint is formed at the other end of the second link so that one end of the third link is pivotally connected to the ground, and the third joint is a rotation axis in the pitch direction. The third link has a center of gravity A second link that is spaced apart and that generates a compensating torque for its own weight when one end is connected to the third joint and the other end is coupled to the third link and the third link is pivoted about the third joint, -1 gravity torque compensator and 2-2 gravity torque compensator; And a third-1 reference surface formed to be rotatable about a rotation axis of the third joint, the third-first reference surface being connected to one end of the second-1 gravity torque compensator, 2-2 reference surface on which the one end of the gravity torque compensator is connected and connected; Wherein the third -1 reference plane is connected to the 2-1 reference plane and the 3-2 reference plane is connected to the 2-2 reference plane, And the third-2 reference plane is rotated in the same direction and angle as the angle at which the second-2 reference plane is rotated.

Also, the 2-1 reference plane and the 3-1 reference plane are connected by a link mechanism in which four bars are connected in parallelograms, and the 2-2 reference plane and the 3-2 reference plane are connected by a link mechanism As shown in FIG.

The 2-1 reference plane and the 3-1 reference plane are connected by pulleys and belts, and the 2-2 reference plane and the 3-2 reference plane are connected by pulleys and belts.

When the first link is rotated about the first joint in a state where the base is fixed, the first and second reference surfaces and the first and second reference planes are fixed, and the angle and size at which the first link is rotated And the 2-1 reference plane and the 2-2 reference plane are rotated in opposite directions to each other so that the position is controlled to be fixed.

In addition, the first link rotation motor and the first link rotation speed reducer may be coupled to the base portion, and the first link may be coupled to the rotation shaft of the speed reducer of the first link rotation speed reducer. And a first rotation axis of the first reference plane is coupled with the first rotation axis of the reference plane so as to penetrate the first rotation axis of the first reference plane, As shown in FIG.

The multi-degree of freedom variable gravity torque compensating device capable of coping with the biaxial ground angle change of the present invention can be applied to a case where there is a hip joint having a multi-degree of freedom in which the angle of the reference plane is changed like a humanoid robot, The angle of the reference surface can be changed according to the angle of the ground running or stopping, or the pitch direction of the waist joint and the yaw direction, thereby providing an appropriate compensation torque to each joint of the robot.

In addition, the capacity of the actuator required for driving the robot can be minimized, and the injury can be minimized when a human-robot collision occurs.

In addition, even if the angle of the reference plane is changed according to the location where the robot is used, it is possible to provide an appropriate compensation torque to each joint of the robot.

1 is a schematic view showing a conventional mechanical self-weight compensation apparatus;
FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are perspective views showing a robot arm having a conventional gravity torque compensating device for explaining the concept of a multi-degree-of-freedom variable gravity torque compensator capable of coping with biaxial ground angle variation according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing gravity torques according to rotation angles about the rotation axis about the rotation axis of the robot arm in the pitch direction and about the rotation axis about the yaw direction.
FIGS. 5 to 9 are a perspective view, a partially cutaway perspective view, a front sectional view and a plan sectional view, respectively, of a multi-degree of freedom variable gravity torque compensator capable of coping with biaxial ground angle variation according to the present invention.
10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a concept of a gravity compensation apparatus configured in parallel according to the present invention.
11 is a graph showing the compensation torque according to the angular displacement of the link in Fig.
12 is a partial perspective view showing a state in which the base according to the present invention has no change with respect to two shafts (a pitch direction rotation axis and a yaw direction rotation axis), i.e., a state in which the base portion is vertically fixed in the gravity direction;
13 is a partial perspective view illustrating a state in which the base according to the present invention is rotated at a predetermined angle around the rotation axis in the pitch direction.
FIG. 14 is a plan view showing a state in which the base portion and all portions including the first link are rotated at a predetermined angle about the yaw direction rotation axis, and the second link is horizontal in a state in which the rotation axis of the second joint is oriented in the up- Partial perspective view.
15 shows that the base portion according to the present invention is fixed vertically in the direction of gravity, and all portions including the first link except for the base portion, the 1-1 reference plane, and the 1-2 reference plane are fixed Angle Partial perspective showing the rotated state.
Figs. 16 and 17 are diagrams showing the relationship between the 1-1 gravity torque compensating apparatus and the 2-1 gravity torque compensating apparatus (or the 1-1 gravity torque compensating apparatus and the 2-1 gravity torque compensating apparatus) according to the present invention, Fig. 8 is a conceptual view showing that reference surfaces are linked with a belt.

First, the multi-degree of freedom variable gravity torque compensator capable of coping with the biaxial ground angle change of the present invention is characterized in that a base (B) of a robot arm, which is formed so that links are connected to one or more pitch joints so as to be rotatable, When the L1 link is rotated around the JP1 joint, which is the pitch joint in a state where the base B is fixed, the base B is moved from the JP1 joint , And the case in which the base (B) is also rotated about the yaw axis in Figure 3, is suitable for gravity torques acting on the respective links Free robot arm capable of generating a compensating torque. That is, an appropriate compensation torque can be generated for the gravity torque acting on each link, including both when all links connected to the joint are rotated and when the base is rotated. For example, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a rotation angle? 2 about the pitch direction of the base B and a rotation angle? 1 about the yaw direction are applied to the L2 link connected to the JP2 among the pitch joints As shown in the graph of FIG. 4, the gravity torque acting on the L2 link when the rotation angle (? 2) of the base about the pitch direction is 0 ° is the maximum, and the minimum is -90 ° and 90 ° And when θ1 is 0 °, it is found that the gravity torque becomes maximum and becomes minimum when the angle is 90 °. Thus, it is a mechanism for canceling the gravity torque by generating an appropriate compensation torque for gravitational torque which changes according to the angle change of the base.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a multi-degree-of-freedom variable gravity torque compensator capable of coping with biaxial ground angle changes of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[Example 1]

FIGS. 5 to 9 are a perspective view, a partially cutaway perspective view, a front sectional view and a plan sectional view, respectively, of a multi-degree of freedom variable gravity torque compensator capable of coping with biaxial ground angle variation according to the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the multi-degree of freedom variable gravity torque compensator capable of coping with the change in biaxial ground angle according to an embodiment of the present invention is configured such that one end of the second link 12 is rotatably connected to the first link 11 And a second joint (J2) which is a horizontal pitch axis of rotation is formed on the second joint (12), the center of gravity of the second link (12) is disposed apart from the second joint (J2) When the second link 12 is connected to the joint J2 and the other end is coupled to the second link 12 so that the second link 12 rotates about the second joint J2, A first gravitational torque compensating device 101 and a 1-2 gravity torque compensating device 102 for generating a first gravitational torque; The first joint J2 is disposed coaxially with the rotation axis of the second joint J2 and is rotatable around a rotation axis of the second joint J2. A second 2-1 reference plane 201 to which one end of the 1-2 gravity torque compensator 102 is connected and connected; A first reference plane controller 301 coupled to the first link 11 and connected to the second -1 reference plane 201 to adjust and fix the rotation angle of the 2-1 reference plane 201, ; A first and second reference surface control unit 302 coupled to the first link 11 and connected to the second reference plane 202 to adjust and fix the rotation angle of the second reference plane 202, ; And the rotation angles of the 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 2-2 reference plane 202 may be adjusted and fixed independently of each other.

First, a first joint 11 of the second link 12 is rotatably connected to one end of the second link 12 so as to form a second joint J2, which is a horizontal pitch axis of rotation, May be arranged so that the center of gravity is spaced apart from the second joint J2. The second link 12 is connected to the first link 11 and the second link 12 is coupled to the second link 12 so that one end of the second link 12 is connected to the second link 12, (12) is rotated about the second joint (J2), which is a rotary shaft.

And the second link 12 is connected to the second joint J2 and the other end is coupled to the second link 12 so that the second link 12 rotates about the second joint J2. The gravitational torque compensating apparatus 101 and the 1-2 gravity torque compensating apparatus 102 which generate the compensation torque for the self weight of the robot arm and the second link 12 and the second link 12 of the robot arm, The 1-1 gravity torque compensating apparatus 101 and the 1-2 gravity torque compensating apparatus 102 are connected in parallel to the two joints J2 to generate a compensating torque for the self weight of the second link 12 A torque-free robot arm can be constructed.

The base unit 10 may be installed in various places such as a robot, a facility, and a mobile platform, and may be fixed in various forms. The second link 12 is configured to be rotatable about a second joint J2 that is a pitch rotation axis and the center of gravity of the second link 12 is formed at a position spaced from the second joint J2 . Therefore, when the second link 12 is inclined except for the vertical state, a gravity torque due to the own weight of the second link 12 is generated. In addition, one end of the first-type gravity torque compensator 101 is coupled to the second-1 reference plane 201 and the other end is coupled to the second link 12. At this time, the 2-1 reference plane 201 is formed to be rotatable about the rotation axis of the second joint J2, and is fixed and does not rotate when the base unit 10 is installed on a horizontal plane, It is possible to generate a compensating torque capable of canceling the gravity torque as the second link 12 rotates. In addition, the 1-2 th gravity torque compensator 102 has one end coupled to the 2-2 reference plane 202 and the other end coupled to the second link 12. At this time, the 2-2 reference plane 202 is formed so as to be rotatable about the rotation axis of the second joint J2. In the case where the base unit 10 is installed on a horizontal plane, It is possible to generate a compensating torque capable of canceling the gravity torque as the second link 12 rotates.

The 1-1 gravity torque compensator 101 includes a guide rod 120 fixed at both ends thereof to the second link 12 and a coil spring 110 fitted to the outside of the guide rod 120, A sliding block 130 coupled to the guide rod 120 so as to be slidable and closely attached to one end of the coil spring 110, one end connected to the sliding block 130, And a wire 140 to which the other end is coupled and connected. At this time, the wire 140 is supported on both sides by the pair of rollers 150, so that the wire 140 can be smoothly moved and not separated.

Likewise, the 1-2 gravity torque compensator 102 may be configured similarly to the 1-1 gravity torque compensator 101 and may be connected to the 2-2 reference plane 202. Thus, the 1-1 gravity torque compensating apparatus 101 and the 1-2 gravity torque compensating apparatus 101 are connected in parallel so that the compensating torque capable of canceling the gravity torque in accordance with the rotation of the second link 12 Respectively. At this time, the concept of the principle of the gravity compensator and the concept that two gravity torque compensators are connected in parallel is shown in FIG. Further, a compensating torque as shown in Fig. 11 can be generated according to the angular displacement? Of the second link 12 to act on the second link 12.

The first link 11 is coupled to the first reference plane control device 301 and the first reference plane control device 302 and the first reference plane control device 301 is coupled to the second The second-1 reference plane 201 may be connected to the reference plane 201 to adjust the rotation angle of the second-1 reference plane 201, and the second-1 reference plane 201 may be fixed while the angle is adjusted. The control device 302 is connected to the second-2 reference plane 202 to adjust the rotation angle of the second-second reference plane 202, and the second-2 reference plane 202 is fixed . In this case, since the 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 2-2 reference plane 202 are configured such that the rotation angles can be individually adjusted and fixed, the two reference planes are rotated together to adjust the angle, The first link 11 is inclined with respect to the pitch direction rotational axis, or inclined with respect to the yaw direction rotational axis, or inclined with respect to both the pitch direction and the yaw direction rotational axis, Lt; / RTI >

Thus, when the base portion 10 is installed on a mobile platform or the like where the mounting surface on which the base portion 10 is installed is not horizontal or moves along the ground, the angle of the second link 12 The first-second reference plane 201 and the second-second reference plane 201 are controlled by the first-first reference plane control device 301 and the first-second reference plane control device 302, So that the compensation torque can be adjusted.

As described above, the multi-degree of freedom variable gravity torque compensator that can cope with the biaxial ground angle change of the present invention can be applied to a case where there is a waist joint of a multi-degree of freedom in which the angle of the reference plane is changed like a humanoid robot, , It is possible to change the angle of the reference surface according to the angle of the running or stopping ground or the pitch direction of the waist joint and the rotation angle in the yaw direction to provide a compensation torque appropriate to each joint of the robot.

[Example 2]

The first link 11 is rotatably connected to the base 10 so as to form a first joint J1 that is a horizontal yaw rotational axis on the ground surface, The first joint J1 is disposed coaxially with the rotation axis of the first joint J1 and rotatable about the rotation axis of the first joint J1, A 1-1 reference plane 321; And a first reference plane control motor 311 connected to the first reference plane 321 and fixed to the base unit 10 to adjust and fix the rotation angle of the first reference plane 321 Wherein the first and second reference plane control apparatuses 302 are arranged to be coaxial with the rotation axis of the first joint J1 and rotatable about the rotation axis of the first joint J1, A second reference plane 322 connected to the second reference plane 202 and interlocked with the second reference plane 202; And a first and second reference plane control motors 312 connected to the first and second reference planes 322 and fixed to the base unit 10 and capable of adjusting and fixing the rotation angle of the first and second reference planes 322 .

That is, the arm of the robot can be formed by being connected to the base 10 by the first joint J1 horizontal to the ground so that the first link 11 can be rotated. At this time, the first link 11 may be arranged to be perpendicular to each other on the same plane as the second joint J2, which is formed as a yaw axis rotation axis and is a pitch rotation axis. The first reference plane control motor 311 is fixed to the base unit 10 and the first reference plane 321 is coupled to the first reference plane control motor 311, 321 may be configured to be rotatable about a rotation axis of the first joint J1 and connected to the second-1 reference plane 201 to be interlocked. Thus, when the first reference plane control motor 311 is rotated, the first reference plane 321 may be rotated and the second reference plane 201 may be rotated. Similarly, the 1-2 reference plane control motor 312 is fixed to the base 10 and the 1-2 reference plane control motor 312 is coupled and connected to the 1-2 reference plane 322, 322 may be configured to be rotatable about the rotation axis of the first joint J1 and connected to the second 2-2 reference plane 202 to be interlocked. Thus, when the first reference plane control motor 312 is rotated, the first reference plane 322 may be rotated and the second reference plane 202 may be rotated. For example, the first reference plane 321, the first reference plane 322, the second reference plane 201, and the second reference plane 202 may be formed of pulleys, And can be connected and rotated.

Thus, the first-1-1 reference plane control device 301 and the 1-2 first reference plane control device 302 can be configured even when they are connected to the joints.

The first link 11 or the base 10 may be mounted on the first link 11 or the base 10 so as to be rotatable about a pitch And a tilt sensor 400 capable of measuring a rotation angle (tilt).

That is, when the first link 11 is inclined about the rotational axis in the pitch direction or the first link 11 and the base portion 10 are inclined together about the pitch direction rotational axis, And the compensation torque of the 1-1 gravity torque compensating apparatus 101 and the 1-2 gravity torque compensating apparatus 102 can be adjusted. When the first link 11 is inclined about the yaw direction rotation axis or the first link 11 and the base portion 10 are inclined together about the yaw direction rotation axis, So that the compensating torques of the 1-1 gravity torque compensating apparatus 101 and the 1-2 gravity torque compensating apparatus 102 can be adjusted. At this time, the tilt sensor 400 may be mounted on the first link 11 or the base 10, and the tilt sensor 400 may be mounted in two places, or may be mounted in various positions and numbers. In addition, various types of sensors and measuring devices can be used as the tilt sensor 400, for example, a gyro sensor can be used.

The first link 11 or the second link 11 is connected to the first reference plane control device 301, the first reference plane control device 302 and the tilt sensor 400, The rotation angle of the second-1 reference plane 201 and the rotation angle of the second-2 reference plane 201 through the first 1-1 reference plane control device 301 and the 1-2 first reference plane control device 302 in accordance with the inclination of the base 10, And a main controller 500 for automatically adjusting the rotation angle of the main body 202.

In other words, when the tilt is inclined about the rotation axis in the pitch direction and the yaw direction through the main control unit 500, the rotation angle of the 2-1 reference plane 201 and the rotation angle of the 2-2 reference plane 202 So that an appropriate compensation torque can be generated.

The second-1 reference plane 201 and the second-2 reference plane (hereinafter, referred to as " second reference plane ") are formed in accordance with an angle at which the first link 11 or the base unit 10 is inclined with respect to the pitch direction, 202 are controlled such that the angle of the first link 11 or the base 10 is the same as that of the first link 11 or the second 2 reference plane 202, So that the position can be controlled to be fixed.

12 and 13, the 2-1 reference point 211 of the 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 2-2 reference point 212 of the 2-2 reference plane 202 are located at the second joint When the first link 11 or the base portion 10 is rotated about the rotation axis in the pitch direction by? P in a state in which the first link 11 and the second link 2 are arranged in the vertical direction on the central axis of the first link 11, The 2-2 reference plane 202 may be rotated by -θp in the opposite direction so that both the 2-1 reference point 211 and the 2-2 reference point 212 are located in the vertical upward direction. Since the first link 11 and the base 10 are connected by the first joint J1 so as to be rotatable about the yaw axis rotation axis, the first link 11 and the second link 11 are centered on the pitch- The base portion 10 can be rotated together.

The second-1 reference plane 201 and the second-2 reference plane (hereinafter referred to as " second reference plane ") are formed in accordance with an angle at which the first link 11 or the base unit 10 is inclined with respect to the yaw direction, The degree of rotation of the 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 2-2 reference plane 202 is controlled according to the inclination angle of the first link 11 or the base 10, The 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 2-2 reference plane 202 may be rotated in opposite directions to control the position to be fixed.

That is, the 2-1 reference point 211 of the 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 2-2 reference point 212 of the 2-2 reference plane 202 are perpendicular to the central axis of the second joint J2 And the center of gravity of the second link 12 is rotated in the yaw direction with respect to the yaw direction rotation axis and the yaw direction rotation axis so that the gravity torque to rotate the second link 12 does not act about the first joint J1, 14 and 15, the first link 11 or the first link 11 and the second link 12 are disposed on the plane formed by the first link 11 and the second link 12, When the base portion 10 is rotated about the yaw direction rotation axis by the angle? Y, the 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 2-2 reference plane 202 are rotated in opposite directions to each other, So that the position can be fixed.

At this time, the compensation torque generated in the 1-1 gravity torque compensating apparatus 101 and the compensation torque generated in the 1-2 gravity torque compensating apparatus 102 can be gradually reduced. That is, the compensation torque acting on the second link 12 when the second link 12 is rotated about the yaw direction rotation axis can be maximized when the second link 12 is directed downward, and the second link 12 is in a horizontal state The compensating torque can be minimized to 0 when the second link 12 is oriented in the horizontal direction by decreasing the compensating torque.

Here, the first link 11 may be rotated about the yaw direction in a state where the base 10 is vertically fixed to the ground perpendicular to the gravity direction as shown in Fig. 14, The reference plane 321 and the first reference plane 322 are coupled to the base unit 10 and fixed without rotation so that the second reference plane 201 and the second reference plane 202 are coupled The first link 11 of the first link 11 can be rotated in the? Y direction and the size by the operation of the first link rotating motor 14 and the second link 11 can be rotated in the? 1 reference plane 201 is rotated by the angle of the? Y angle in the direction of the arrow shown and the second -2 reference plane 202 connected to the first and second reference planes 322 by the wires and pulleys is rotated by an angle? Can be rotated. At this time, the first 1-1 reference plane control device 301 and the 1-2 first reference plane control device 302 are not operated, and the 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 2-2 reference plane The second torque reference point 211 and the second reference point 212 are arranged to be 180 degrees apart from each other so that the compensation torque can be zero. That is, the brakes are applied to the 1-1 reference plane control motor 311 and the 1-2 reference plane control motor 312 so that the slope of the robot base 10 is not changed. 321 and the 1-2 reference plane 322 may be fixed.

Or when the base 10 is rotated about the yaw direction rotation axis with respect to a plane perpendicular to the gravity direction as shown in Fig. 15, the first link 11 together with the base portion 10 The first reference plane 321 and the first reference plane 322 are coupled to the base unit 10 so that the first reference plane 321 and the first reference plane 322 can be rotated together with the bracket portion of the first link 11, The base portion 10, the 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 2-2 reference plane 202 can be rotated in the? Y direction and magnitude. At this time, the first-1 reference plane 321, the first-second reference plane 322, the second-first reference plane 201, and the second-2 reference plane 202 have no angular rotation based on their own rotation axis The second-1 reference plane 201 and the second-2 reference plane 202 are operated by the operation of the 1-1 reference plane control device 301 and the 1-2 reference plane control device 302 to make the compensation torque 0, The first and second reference points 211 and 212 are rotated in opposite directions to each other so that the first and second reference points 211 and 212 are shifted by 180 degrees from each other, The 2-1 reference point 211 and the 2-2 reference point 212 are arranged so that the compensation torque becomes zero.

[Example 3]

One end of the third link 13 is rotatably connected to the other end of the second link 12 to form a third joint J3 that is a horizontal pitch axis of rotation on the ground surface, The link 13 is disposed so that its center of gravity is spaced apart from the third joint J3 and has one end connected to the third joint J3 and the other end coupled to the third link 13, The second-first gravity torque compensating device 601 and the second-2 gravity torque compensating device 602 which generate a compensating torque for the self-weight of the third link 13 when the third link 13 rotates about the third joint J3 ); And one end of the second-1 gravity torque compensator 601 is connected to the third joint J3 so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis of the third joint J3, A 3-2 reference plane 702 to which one end of the 3-2 reference plane 701 and the 2-2 gravity torque compensation device 602 are connected and connected; The third -1 reference plane 701 is connected to the 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 3-2 reference plane 702 is connected to the 2-2 reference plane 202, The third -1 reference plane 701 is rotated in the same angle and direction as the angle at which the 2-1 reference plane 201 is rotated and the third 3-1 reference plane 701 is rotated in the same angle and direction as the 2nd 2- -2 reference plane 702 is rotated.

This is because the third link 13 is connected to the other end of the second link 12 by a third joint J3 which is a pitch rotation axis horizontal to the ground and the third link 13 A second -1 gravity torque compensating device 601 and a second -2 gravity torque compensating device are mounted in parallel so as to connect the third link 13 and the third joint J3, The robot arm is formed so as to generate the compensation torque for the self weight of the third link 13. [ The third-first reference surface 701 and the third-second reference surface 702 are formed so that the third joint J3 is rotated around the third joint J3 and the angle is fixed. In this case, the 3-1 reference plane 701 is connected to the 2-1 reference plane 201, and the 3-1 reference plane 701 is aligned in the same angle and direction according to the angle at which the 2-1 reference plane 201 rotates. And the third-2 reference plane 702 is connected to the second-second reference plane 202 so that the third-second reference plane 702 is connected to the third-second reference plane 202 in the same angle and direction, 2 reference plane 702 may be configured to be rotated.

The angle of the second link 12 and the angle of the third link 13 both change when the first link 11 or the base portion 10 is tilted with respect to the pitch direction rotation axis or the yaw direction rotation axis or both The gravity torques due to their own weights are changed so that the angles of the 2-1 reference plane 201, the 2-2 reference plane 702, the 3-1 reference plane 701 and the 3-2 reference plane 702 change To adjust the compensation torque for the second link 12 and the third link 13, respectively. Since the 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 3-1 reference plane 701 are connected to each other and the 2-2 reference plane 202 and the 3-2 reference plane 702 are connected to each other, The angles of the plurality of reference planes can be adjusted together by only two operations of the controller 301 and the first and second reference plane controllers 302.

Accordingly, there is no need for an additional reference surface control device such as a motor for adjusting and fixing the angle of the 3-1 reference plane 701 and the 3-2 reference plane 702. [

Here, the 2-1 gravity torque compensating apparatus 601 and the 2-2 gravity torque compensating apparatus 602 are connected to the 1-1 gravity torque compensating apparatus 101 and the 1-2 gravity torque compensating apparatus 102 And may be composed of a coil spring 610, a guide rod 620, a sliding block 630, a wire 640, and a roller 650.

The third-first reference point 711 of the third-first reference plane 701 and the third-second reference point 712 of the third-second reference plane 702 are perpendicular to the central axis of the third joint J3, And may be disposed at the upper 12 o'clock position.

Even when the robot arm is formed of a multi-degree of freedom robot arm connected to a plurality of joints, the respective reference planes can be controlled at the same time according to the mounting surface of the robot or the rotational angular displacement of the robot base joint. It is possible to provide an appropriate compensation torque. Further, the third link 13 is connected to the second link 12 to generate a compensating torque, and the reference surfaces are interlocked to adjust the angle. Further, the fourth link and further links are further connected, An appropriate compensation torque may be generated as described above.

The 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 3-1 reference plane 701 are connected by a link mechanism in which four bars are connected in parallelograms and the 2-2 reference plane 202 and the 3-2 reference plane 702 may be connected to a link mechanism 800 in which four bars are connected in a parallelogram.

16, the 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 3-1 reference plane 701 are connected to each other by the link mechanism 800 and the 3-1 reference plane 201 is rotated in accordance with the rotation of the 2-1 reference plane 201, The second 2-2 reference plane 202 and the third 3-2 reference plane 702 are connected to the link mechanism 800 so that the second 2-2 reference plane 202 and the second 2-2 reference plane 702 can be rotated in the same angle and direction. And the third-2 reference plane 702 can be rotated in the same angle and direction as the rotation. The first joint JA of the link mechanism 800 becomes the second joint J2 of the robot arm and the second joint J1 of the link mechanism 800 becomes the second joint J2 of the robot arm The second joint JB is the third joint J3 and the remaining two joints are the rotation axis of the 2-1 reference point 211 and the 3-1 reference point 711, The first and second reference surfaces 201 and 701 may be rotated in the same angle and direction together. At this time, the link mechanism 800 is configured such that the second link 12, which is the arm of the robot, becomes one link, and the 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 3-1 reference plane 701 become the second and third links Therefore, it is practically possible to combine only the remaining one link so as to connect the second-first reference point 211 and the third-first reference point 711 to form a link mechanism 800 connected in parallelogram shape using one bar have. In addition, the second-first reference plane 201 and the third-first reference plane 701 may be interlocked and rotated at the same angle in various forms using the link structure connected in the parallelogram. The same configuration can be applied to the 2-2 reference plane 202 and the 3-2 reference plane 702 as well.

The 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 3-1 reference plane 701 are connected by pulleys and belts and the 2-2 reference plane 202 and the 3-2 reference plane 702 are connected by pulleys and belts Lt; / RTI >

17, the 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 3-1 reference plane 701 are connected to a pulley and a belt, respectively, as shown in FIG. 17, And the third-1 reference plane 701 can be rotated in the same angle and direction in accordance with the rotation of the 2-1 reference plane 201. [ More specifically, the second-1 pulley 221 is coupled to the second-1 reference plane 201 and disposed coaxially, and the third-1 pulley 721 is coupled to the third-first reference plane 701 And the second-1 pulley 221 and the third-1 pulley 721 may be connected to each other by a third-1 belt 731 or a wire. At this time, the second-1 pulley 221 and the third-1 pulley 721 may be formed to have the same diameter, and the third-1 belt 731 may be formed in a state in which they are not crossed, twisted, Lt; / RTI > And a timing pulley and a timing belt may be used so that the pulley and the belt can be accurately operated without slip, and a sprocket and a chain may be used. Or the second-1 reference plane 201 and the third-1 reference plane 701 may be rotated together in the same angle and direction by using various gears and rotating shafts. The same configuration can be applied to the 2-2 reference plane 202 and the 3-2 reference plane 702 as well. At this time, the 2-1 pulley 221 may be a pulley forming the 2-1 reference plane 201, and the 2-2 pulley 222 may be a pulley forming the 2-2 reference plane 202 . Similarly, the third-1 pulley 721 may be a pulley forming the third-1 reference plane 701 and the third-second pulley 722 may be a pulley forming the third-2 reference plane 702 .

When the first link 11 is rotated about the first joint J1 in a state where the base 10 is fixed, the first reference plane 321 and the first reference plane 322 Is fixed, and the angle of the first link 11 is the same as the angle of rotation, and the 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 2-2 reference plane 202 are rotated in opposite directions to be fixed, .

That is, the base portion 10 is fixed, and in this state, the first link 11 can be rotated around the first joint J1, which is the yaw direction rotation axis. The first and second reference planes 311 and 311 are connected to the first reference plane 321 and the second reference plane 201. The first reference plane 321 and the second reference plane 201 are connected by a wire, And can be configured to be interlocked. Therefore, if the first reference plane 321 disposed coaxially with the first joint J1 is fixed, the second-first reference plane 201 is positioned between the first link 11 and the first joint J1, And at the same time, also rotates around the rotation axis of the second joint J2. The second reference plane 202 is rotated together with the first link 11 about the first joint J1 and the second joint J2 at the same time, As shown in FIG. Here, the second-first reference surface 201 and the second-second reference surface 202 are respectively rotated in the same angle and magnitude as the first link 11 is rotated. In the axial direction of the second joint J2, When viewed, the 2-1 reference plane 201 and the 2-2 reference plane 202 rotate in opposite directions to be controlled so that the position is fixed.

Thus, when the first link 11 is rotated around the first joint J1, the gravity torque acting on the second link 12 is changed. At this time, the first reference plane control device 301 and the first- 2 reference plane control device 302 is not operated and is stopped so that the gravity torque acting on the second link 12 is changed even when the first reference plane 321 and the first reference plane 322 are fixed The compensation torque can be adjusted correspondingly.

When the first link 11 and the base 10 are rotated to be inclined with respect to the yaw direction rotation axis, the first-first reference surface control device 301 and the first-second reference surface control The apparatus 302 is operated to rotate the first-first reference surface 321 and the first-second reference surface 322 so that when viewed in the axial direction of the second joint J2, And the second -2 reference plane 202 are rotated in opposite directions to fix the position.

The first link rotation motor 14 and the first link rotation speed reducer 15 are coupled to the base unit 10 and fixed to the reducer rotation axis 15-1 of the first link rotation speed reducer 15, The first link 11 is engaged and the first-second rotary shaft 332 of the first-second reference surface 322 is coupled to pass through the decelerator rotary shaft 15-1 of the first link rotary reducer 15 The first 1-1 rotation axis 331 of the first reference plane 321 is coupled to the 1-2 rotation axis 332 of the 1-2 reference plane 322, May be formed to coincide with each other.

That is, as shown in the drawing, the first link 11 is configured to be rotatable about the first joint J1 as the yaw direction rotation axis, and the first link rotation motor 14 and the first link rotation motor 14 The link rotation speed reducer 15 is engaged and the decelerator rotation axis 15-1 of the first link rotation speed reducer 15 is coupled to the first link 11 and can be rotated. The three rotating shafts may be inserted in the inner side in order to be penetrated, and the rotating shafts may be spaced apart from each other to be smoothly rotated. The first link rotation motor 14 may be fixed to the base unit 10 and may include a first reference plane control motor 311 to rotate the first rotation axis 331, The first reference plane control motor 311 may be coupled to the base unit 10 and fixed thereto. Similarly, the first-second reference plane control motor 312 may be coupled to the first-second rotation axis 332 so as to rotate the first-second rotation shaft 332, And can be fixedly coupled to the base portion 10.

In addition, a motor may be a general motor, and in this case, a speed reducer having a high speed ratio may be connected to the speed reducer so that the speed reducer may serve as a brake. Or motors equipped with brakes, step motors and servo motors can be used to more accurately control the rotation angle of the reference planes.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It goes without saying that various modifications can be made.

10: Base portion
11: first link J1: first joint
12: second link J2: second joint
13: Third link J3: 2nd joint
14: first link rotating motor 15: first link rotating speed reducer
15-1: Reduction gear shaft
16: second link rotation motor 17: third link rotation motor
101: 1-1 gravity torque compensation device
102: 1-2 gravity torque compensation device
110: coil spring 120: guide rod
130: Sliding block 140: Wire
150: roller
201: Reference 2-1 Reference plane 211: Reference point 2-1
221: 2-1 pulley
202: Reference 2-2 Reference plane 212: Reference point 2-2
222: 2-2 pulley
301: 1st reference plane control device
311: 1st reference plane control motor 321: 1st reference plane
331: 1st-
302: Reference plane control unit 1-2
312: first-second reference plane control motor 322: first-second reference plane
332:
400: tilt sensor
500:
601: 2-1 Gravity torque compensation device
602: 2-2 Gravity torque compensation device
610: coil spring 620: guide rod
630: Sliding block 640: Wire
650: roller
701: Reference point 3-1 Reference plane 711: Reference point 3-1
721: 3-1 pulley 731: 3-1 belt
702: Reference point 3-2 Reference plane 712: Reference point 3-2
722: 3-2 pulley 732: 3-2 belt
800: Link mechanism
JA: 1st joint JB: 2nd joint

Claims (11)

Wherein one end of the second link is rotatably connected to the first link to form a second joint which is a pitch axis rotational axis horizontal to the ground surface and the second link has a center of gravity spaced apart from the second joint, A first-gravity torque compensation unit that generates a compensation torque for the self-weight of the second link when one end is connected to the second joint and the other end is coupled to the second link and the second link rotates about the second joint, Device and a 1-2 gravity torque compensation device;
A second-1 reference plane formed to be coaxial with a rotation axis of the second joint and rotatable about a rotation axis of the second joint, A -2-2 reference plane to which one end of the gravity torque compensator is connected and connected; And
A first reference plane controller coupled to the first link and connected to the second -1 reference plane to adjust and fix the rotational angle of the 2-1 reference plane; And
A first and second reference surface control devices coupled to the first link and connected to the second reference surface to enable adjustment and fixing of the rotation angle of the second reference surface; / RTI >
And the rotation angles of the second-1 reference plane and the second-2 reference plane can be adjusted and fixed independently of each other.
The method according to claim 1,
The first link is rotatably connected to the base portion to form a first joint, which is a rotational axis in the yaw direction,
The 1-1 reference plane control device includes:
A first reference surface disposed coaxially with the rotation axis of the first joint and rotatable about a rotation axis of the first joint, the first reference surface being connected to the second reference surface and interlocked with the second reference surface; And a first reference plane control motor connected to the first reference plane and fixed to the base unit to adjust and fix the rotation angle of the first reference plane,
The 1-2 reference plane control device includes:
A first reference surface that is coaxial with the rotation axis of the first joint and is rotatable around a rotation axis of the first joint and is connected to the second reference surface and interlocked with the second reference surface; And a first and second reference plane control motors connected to the first and second reference planes and fixed to the base unit and capable of adjusting and fixing the rotation angle of the first and second reference planes. Possible multi-degrees-of-freedom variable gravity torque compensator.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
And a tilt sensor installed at the first link or the base to measure a rotation angle (tilt) about the pitch direction of the first link or the base and a tilt angle (tilt) about the yaw direction And a variable-gravity-variable gravity torque compensator for compensating for the degree of freedom of the variable-gravity torque.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
A first reference surface control device, a first reference surface control device, and a tilt sensor, the first reference surface control device, the first reference surface control device, and the tilt sensor, And a main control unit for automatically controlling the rotation angle of the 2-1 reference plane and the rotation angle of the 2-2 reference plane through the 2 reference plane control unit. Variable gravity torque compensation device.
5. The method of claim 4,
The second-1 reference plane and the second-2 reference plane are controlled in accordance with an angle at which the first link or the base portion is inclined about the pitch direction with respect to a ground plane perpendicular to the gravity direction, Wherein the first and second reference surfaces are controlled so that the position is fixed by rotating the second-1 reference surface and the second-2 reference surface in the same direction and in the opposite direction. The multi-degree of freedom variable gravity torque compensation Device.
5. The method of claim 4,
The second-1 reference surface and the second-2 reference surface are controlled in accordance with an angle at which the first link or the base portion tilts about the yaw direction with respect to a ground plane perpendicular to the gravity direction, The degree of rotation of the 2-1 reference plane and the 2-2 reference plane is controlled according to the angle, and the 2-1 reference plane and the 2-2 reference plane are rotated in opposite directions to be fixed so that the position is fixed Variable degree of freedom variable gravity torque compensator that can cope with 2 axis ground angle change.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
And a third joint is formed on the other end of the second link so as to be pivotally connected to one end of the third link so as to be parallel to a pitch axis in the pitch direction and the third link has a center of gravity spaced apart from the third joint 2-1, which generates a compensating torque for the own weight of the third link when one end is connected to the third joint and the other end is connected to the third link and the third link rotates about the third joint, A gravity torque compensating device and a 2-2 gravity torque compensating device; And
A third -1st reference surface which is arranged coaxially with the rotation axis of the third joint and is rotatable about a rotation axis of the third joint, and the one end of the second -1st gravity torque compensator is connected and connected, A reference No. 2-2 reference surface to which one end of the gravity torque compensator is connected and connected; Further comprising:
The 3-1 reference plane is connected to the 2-1 reference plane, the 3-2 reference plane is connected to the 2-2 reference plane, and the 3-1 reference plane is connected to the 3-1 And the third-2 reference plane is rotated in the same angle and direction as the angle at which the reference plane is rotated and the second-2 reference plane is rotated. The multi-degree of freedom variable gravity torque compensator .
8. The method of claim 7,
The 2-1 reference plane and the 3-1 reference plane are connected by a link mechanism in which four bars are connected in parallelograms, and the 2-2 reference plane and the 3-2 reference plane are connected by a link mechanism in which four bars are connected in parallelograms. Wherein the variable-gravity variable torque-compensating device is a multi-degree-of-freedom variable gravity torque compensating device capable of coping with biaxial ground angle variation.
8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the 2-1 reference plane and the 3-1 reference plane are connected by a pulley and a belt, and the 2-2 reference plane and the 3-2 reference plane are connected by a pulley and a belt. Possible multi-degrees-of-freedom variable gravity torque compensator.
3. The method of claim 2,
When the first link is rotated about the first joint with the base part being fixed,
The first and second reference planes and the first and second reference planes are fixed and the second link reference plane and the second reference plane are rotated in opposite directions to each other, Wherein the braking force is controlled so that the braking force is controlled so that the braking force can be controlled.
3. The method of claim 2,
A first link rotating motor and a first link rotating speed reducer are coupled and fixed to the base portion, a first link is coupled to a rotating shaft of a speed reducer of the first link rotating speed reducer,
The first-1-2 rotation axis of the first reference plane is coupled to the reduction gear rotation axis,
And a first rotary shaft of the first reference surface is coupled to the first rotary shaft of the first reference surface,
And the center axes of the three rotating shafts coincide with each other. The multi-degree of freedom variable gravity torque compensating device according to claim 1,

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