KR20170101141A - Micro particle separator using direct voltage - Google Patents

Abstract

A microparticle separator according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a main body in which air containing microparticles flows; and a microparticle removing unit located inside the main body, and includes a plurality of electrode layers separating the microparticles from the air. The microparticle removing unit generates dielectrophoretic force from an input DC power source to collect the microparticles.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a microparticle separator using a DC voltage,

The present invention relates to a fine particle separating apparatus, and more particularly, to a fine particle separating apparatus using a direct current voltage.

Recently, fine dust has been recognized as a serious social problem as it has become a major cause of respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases and skin diseases. The fine dust is classified into 'fine dust (PM-10)' with a particle diameter of about 10 μm or less and 'super fine dust (PM-2.5)' with a diameter of about 2.5 μm or less. In the case of ultrafine dust, And infiltrate into various places to induce various diseases. Accordingly, development of dust collecting technology for removing fine particles in the indoor pollutants as well as dust removal in industrial facilities is actively under way.

Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) among conventional dust collecting equipments has a high efficiency of collecting and collecting fine particles and has a low pressure loss and maintenance cost. Therefore, a large amount of dust such as a power plant, a steelmaking furnace, or an incinerator is generated And is used as a dust collecting facility of a large capacity facility.

1 is a conceptual diagram showing the principle of dust collection of a conventional electrostatic precipitator. 1, the electrostatic precipitator includes ionizing the fine particles and introducing the ionized fine particles between the collecting electrodes and attaching them to the collecting plate.

However, the electrostatic precipitator of FIG. 1 generates ozone or nitrogen oxide, which is a harmful substance to the human body through corona discharge in the ionization step, and the treatment flow rate of the fine particles is limited to about 3 m / s. Also, since the ionization step and the collection step of the fine particles are respectively performed, the size of the dust collecting facility is large and the initial investment cost is very large. This makes it economical for large-scale industrial facilities, but may be less economical for small-scale facilities such as households.

An object of the present invention is to provide a fine particle separator that simplifies the structure of a fine particle separator and reduces initial installation cost and maintenance cost.

An object of the present invention is to provide a device for separating fine particles which does not generate harmful substances.

Embodiments according to the present invention can be used to accomplish other tasks not specifically mentioned other than the above-described tasks.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for separating fine particles using a direct current voltage. The fine particle separating apparatus includes a main body on which air containing fine particles move and a fine particle removing unit located inside the main body and including a plurality of electrode layers for separating the fine particles from the air, The particle removing unit generates a dielectrophoretic force with an input DC power source to collect the fine particles.

Each of the plurality of electrode layers has a first electrode used as a ground and a second electrode used to set a DC power source alternately. And two adjacent electrode layers of the plurality of electrode layers are arranged such that the first electrode and the second electrode face each other.

Each of the plurality of electrode layers includes an electrode in the form of a printed circuit board (PCB). The electrodes formed on each of the plurality of electrode layers are formed on one surface of the flat plate or on both surfaces thereof.

The two adjacent electrode layers of the plurality of electrode layers are arranged at predetermined intervals so that the air flows in. The setting interval is determined by the magnitude of the dielectrophoretic force generated between the two electrode layers and the collection rate of the fine particles.

The main body includes an inlet portion through which the air containing the fine particles is introduced, a passage portion through which the air containing the fine particles or the air from which the fine particles are removed, And a discharge portion.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the apparatus for separating fine particles can be simplified, the initial installation cost and the maintenance cost can be reduced, and the problem of generation of toxic substances in the conventional electrostatic precipitator can be solved.

1 is a conceptual diagram showing the principle of dust collection of a conventional electrostatic precipitator.
2 is a configuration diagram of a fine particle separator using a DC voltage according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a view showing a fine particle removing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a layout diagram of an electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing a magnitude distribution of dielectric power between neighboring electrode layers according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
6 is a diagram showing the directions of the dielectrophoretic forces between neighboring electrode layers according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a configuration diagram of a fine particle separator using a DC voltage according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar components throughout the specification. In the case of publicly known technologies, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In this specification, when a part is referred to as "including " an element, it is to be understood that it may include other elements as well, without departing from the other elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

Hereinafter, a fine particle separating apparatus using a DC voltage according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6. FIG.

2 is a configuration diagram of a fine particle separator using a DC voltage according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, the apparatus for separating fine particles according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a main body 100, a fine particle removing unit 200, and a power control unit 300.

The main body 100 includes an inlet 110 through which air containing fine particles flows, a passage 120 through which air containing fine particles or fine particles removed, and air from which fine particles are removed And includes a discharge portion 130 which is discharged. Here, the fine particles mean suspended particles (dust) in the air including particles having a particle diameter of about 10 μm or less and containing various harmful substances to the human body.

The fine particle removing unit 200 is located inside the passage 120 and collects the fine particles in the air introduced through the inlet 110 to remove the fine particles from the passage 120, 130).

The fine particle removing unit 200 includes two or more electrode layers and collects fine particles introduced into the space between the electrode layers through dielectrophoresis (DEP) when a direct current power is applied. At this time, the dielectrophoresis means that the dielectric, which is placed in a non-uniform electric field, is moved by the force to a place having a strong electric field strength. For example, if you bring a charged balloon or rod close to a piece of paper or water coming out of a faucet, you might get a piece of paper or water.

The number of electrode layers constituting the fine particle removing unit 200 is variable and is determined according to the size of the space in which the fine particle removing unit 200 is installed. For example, the fine particle removing unit 200 may include six electrode layers, that is, a first electrode layer 210 to a sixth electrode layer 260, as shown in FIG. Here, the first electrode layer 210 to the sixth electrode layer 260 may include electrodes of the same shape (PCB type) as shown in FIG. 2, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The fine particle removing unit 200 may further include a structure for preventing rediffusion of the collected fine particles.

The power control unit 300 provides a direct current voltage so that dielectrophoresis occurs in each of the electrode layers constituting the fine particle removing unit 200. At this time, it is possible to provide the same voltage to each electrode layer, or to provide different voltages.

3 is a view showing a fine particle removing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3, in the apparatus for separating fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention, the fine particle removing unit 200 is composed of a plurality of electrode layers, and electrodes of each electrode layer are formed on a PCB plate. At this time, the electrodes are formed on only one side of the flat plate or on both sides of the flat plate. In the case of enhancing the performance, it is preferable to form the electrodes on both sides of the flat plate.

A plurality of electrode layers are arranged at regular intervals to allow air and particles to move between the layers. In each of the plurality of electrode layers, a plurality of electrodes are arranged in parallel at regular intervals. At this time, the electrodes arranged side by side are arranged alternately with the first electrode 10 used as a ground and the second electrode 11 applied with a predetermined DC voltage. Further, among the plurality of electrode layers, the electrodes of the two neighboring electrode layers are arranged such that the facing (opposing) electrodes are different from each other.

The electrode formed in each electrode layer will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 4 is a layout diagram of an electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4A, first and second electrodes 10 and 11 in the form of bar are alternately formed in each electrode layer of the plurality of electrode layers constituting the fine particle removing unit 200 For example, a voltage of 0 V is applied to the first electrode 10, and a DC voltage of 2,000 V is applied to the second electrode 20.

Referring to FIG. 4B, in the neighboring first and second electrode layers 210 and 220, the first electrode 10 formed on the first electrode layer 210 is electrically connected to the second electrode layer 220 And the second electrode 11 of the first electrode layer 210 is disposed to face the first electrode 10 of the second electrode layer 220. The second electrode 11 is disposed to face the second electrode 11, Of course, the electrode arrangement structure between the neighboring second electrode layer 220 and the third electrode layer 230 is also the same as the electrode arrangement structure between the first electrode layer 210 and the second electrode layer 220, It is also true.

For example, the first electrode 10 formed on the second electrode layer 220 is disposed to face the second electrode 11 of the third electrode layer 230, and the second electrode 11 of the second electrode layer 220 And is disposed to face the first electrode 10 of the third electrode layer 230.

The two neighboring electrode layers are spaced apart from each other to allow air containing fine particles to flow in. The spaced distance L1 is set according to the magnitude of the dielectrophoretic force generated between the two electrode layers and the collection rate of the fine particles.

For example, the interval L1 between the two electrode layers is set such that the width L2 of each of the electrodes 10 and 11 is 0.2 mm and the interval L3 between the neighboring first and second electrodes 10 and 11 of the same electrode layer, Is 0.2 mm, the voltage applied to the second electrode is 2,000 V, and the insulation coating thickness L4 for each electrode is 0.075 mm, the distance range is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm. Here, if the interval L1 is larger than 1.5 mm, the collection rate of the fine particles is too low to be practically applied. If the interval L1 is less than 0.5 mm, the pressure loss increases and the processing capacity decreases. This also causes a problem that the removal of fine particles is not performed as desired in actual application.

The dielectric dynamic force acting on two neighboring layers according to this type of electrode arrangement will be described with reference to Fig.

Generally, dielectric particles in an electric field are polarized by an external electric field, and are subjected to an interaction by an external electric field and an induced electric dipole in a non-uniform electric field. The force at this time is called the dielectric Young's modulus (F _DEP ). Dielectric zero power (F _DEP ) can be expressed as the following equation (1) if the dielectric particle is small enough and exhibits a spherical shape.

는 유전입자의 유전율, r_p는 유전입자의 반경, K는 Clausius-Mosotti(CM) 팩터(factor), E_o는 외부 전기장의 크기이다.In the above equation (1)

Is the dielectric constant of the dielectric particle, r _p is the radius of the dielectric particles, K is the Clausius-Mosotti (CM) factor (factor), E _o is the magnitude of the external electric field.

This dielectrophoretic force (F _DEP ) shows the distribution of the size as shown in FIG. 5 between two electrode layers of the fine particle removing unit 200 according to the embodiment of the present invention. That is, the magnitude distribution of the dielectrophoretic force (F _DEP ) shows a higher magnitude as the electrodes 10 and 11 are closer to each other, but the electric field between the two electrodes 10 and 11 of the same electrode layer, As the electric fields between the two electrodes 10 and 11 interact, large forces are uniformly distributed on the surface side of each electrode layer rather than being distributed only around the electrodes.

The direction of the dielectrophoretic force F _DEP by the magnitude distribution of the dielectrophoretic force F _DEP indicates the direction to proceed between the electrodes 10 and 11 and between the electrodes of the same layer as shown in FIG.

Therefore, as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, by the dielectrophoretic force F _DEP generated by the two opposing electrodes 10 and 11 and the two electrodes 10 and 11 formed in the same electrode layer, 200 and the fine particles in the fine particles move in the direction of the dielectrophoretic force F _DEP and are collected in the respective electrode layers and the air from which the fine particles are removed flows along the passage 120 to the discharge portion 130, .

Hereinafter, an apparatus for separating fine particles according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a fine particle separator using a DC voltage according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 7, the apparatus for separating fine particles according to the second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the apparatus for separating fine particles according to the second embodiment of the present invention. That is, the apparatus for separating fine particles according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a main body 100, a fine particle removing unit 200, and a power source control unit 300. The main body 100 includes one inlet 110 A single discharge part 130, and a passage part 120. [0031] As shown in FIG.

However, the apparatus for separating fine particles according to the second embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the fine particle removing unit is composed of a plurality of (200-1, 200-2, 200-3) 1 embodiment. At this time, the power control unit 300 supplies power to each of the fine particle removing units 200-1, 200-2, and 200-3, and may be configured as one device and configured as many as the number of fine particle removing units .

The voltage applied to the second electrode 11 of each of the fine particle removing units 200-1, 200-2, and 200-3 may be the same or some or all of the voltages may be different.

Accordingly, the efficiency of collecting fine particles in the passage portion 120 can be improved according to the size or characteristics of the fine particles.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, since particles are separated using dielectrophoretic force, particles can be charged by electrons generated by corona generation and then passed between electrodes to be placed on a dust collecting plate. And production cost is low. In addition, it can solve problems of human health caused by corona occurrence, noise and EMI (electromagnetic interference), or electromagnetic problems such as EMC (electromagnetic compatibility).

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric power is generated at a relatively low voltage of several thousand volts, so that a high voltage of tens of thousands of volts can be used to reduce power consumption compared to a conventional electrostatic precipitator that generates a corona and a dust collecting field.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, since the polarization phenomenon of particles is utilized, the influence of the environment is smaller than that of the conventional electrostatic precipitator, which is greatly affected by the particle characteristics such as resistivity, humidity, Can be improved.

Meanwhile, the apparatus for separating fine particles according to an embodiment of the present invention may be configured to remove the fine particle removing unit 200 or to remove the fine particles removed from the fine particle removing unit 200, To the outside can be installed in the main body.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, It belongs to the scope.

100: main body 110: inlet
120: passage part 130: first discharge part
140: second discharge portion 200: fine particle removal
210: first electrode layer 211: first electrode portion
212: second electrode unit 300: power source control unit

Claims (8)

A body in which air containing fine particles move, and
And a fine particle removing unit located inside the main body and including a plurality of electrode layers for separating the fine particles from the air,
Wherein the fine particle removing unit uses a DC voltage to generate a dielectrophoretic force with an input DC power to collect the fine particles. The method of claim 1,
Wherein each of the plurality of electrode layers comprises:
Wherein the first electrode used as a ground and the second electrode used to set a DC power are alternately arranged. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein two neighboring electrode layers of the plurality of electrode layers are formed in a single-
Wherein the DC voltage is arranged so that the first electrode and the second electrode are opposed to each other. The method according to claim 1 or 3,
Wherein each of the plurality of electrode layers uses a DC voltage including an electrode in the form of a printed circuit board (PCB). 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein electrodes formed on each of the plurality of electrode layers are formed on one surface of a flat plate or use a DC voltage formed on both surfaces thereof. The method of claim 1,
The two electrode layers adjacent to each other among the plurality of electrode layers are arranged at predetermined intervals so that the air flows in. The setting interval is set to a DC voltage determined according to the magnitude of the dielectrophoretic force generated between the two electrode layers, Wherein the microparticle separation device is a microparticle separation device. The method of claim 6,
The width of each electrode is 0.2 mm, the interval between neighboring electrodes of the same electrode layer is 0.2 mm, the voltage applied to the first electrode is 0 V, the voltage applied to the second electrode is 2,000 V, Wherein the DC voltage is in a range of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm when the thickness of the fine particle separator is 0.075 mm. The method of claim 1,
The body
An inflow portion into which the air containing the fine particles flows,
A passage through which the air containing the fine particles or the air from which the fine particles are removed moves, and
And a discharging portion through which the air from which the fine particles are removed is discharged.

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