KR20170090104A - Apparatus and method for spatial channel parameter estimation in fifth generation mobile communications - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for spatial channel parameter estimation in fifth generation mobile communications Download PDF

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KR20170090104A
KR20170090104A KR1020160010554A KR20160010554A KR20170090104A KR 20170090104 A KR20170090104 A KR 20170090104A KR 1020160010554 A KR1020160010554 A KR 1020160010554A KR 20160010554 A KR20160010554 A KR 20160010554A KR 20170090104 A KR20170090104 A KR 20170090104A
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generation mobile
mobile communication
propagation
spatial channel
distribution information
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KR101770911B1 (en
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명로훈
윤달재
김영담
고정훈
김형주
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한국과학기술원
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/391—Modelling the propagation channel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/318—Received signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/364—Delay profiles

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and a device for establishing a spatial channel model of fifth generation mobile communication, which can establish a channel model more accurately reflecting a wireless propagation environment of a fifth generation mobile communication system. The method for establishing the spatial channel model of the fifth generation mobile communication may comprise the following steps: establishing a wireless backhaul network propagation environment of an analysis target region considering a digital topographic map of the analysis target region and antenna information for the fifth generation mobile communication, and searching multiple propagation paths between a transmitting point and a receiving point in the wireless backhaul network propagation environment of the analysis target region based on a deterministic ray-tube (DRT) algorithm; collecting power delay distribution information of each of multiple propagation paths; and obtaining a spatial channel model parameter for the fifth generation mobile communication by clustering and merging the collected power delay distribution information through a K-means algorithm.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a spatial channel model parameter acquisition method and apparatus for a fifth generation mobile communication,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for acquiring a spatial channel model parameter for a fifth generation mobile communication, which enables to acquire more detailed and accurate spatial channel model parameters for a fifth generation mobile communication.

The fifth generation mobile communication system aims at increasing the capacity by 1000 times as much as the capacity of the fourth generation LTE system. To achieve this, a heterogeneous network technology utilizing a large number of small cells is emerging as a next generation mobile communication technology.

In the 5th generation mobile communication system, it is expected that the fixed base station and the mobile base station will increase exponentially. It is not reasonable from the viewpoint of cost to connect all the base stations to each other, and to support the mobile base station, A more efficient wireless backhaul network system needs to be constructed.

The wireless backhaul network consists of a wireless backhaul switch and fixed and mobile access points. A wireless backhaul switch is configured to support multiple beams through thousands to tens of thousands of antenna elements. The fixed and mobile access points also consist of hundreds of antenna elements to support receive beamforming and transmit beamforming functions.

1 illustrates a scenario in which a mobile access point is served in a wireless backhaul switch of a 5th generation mobile communication system.

A vehicle or the like outdoors can be a mobile access point, and can receive large capacity services through receive beamforming from a wireless backhaul switch. In an outdoor environment, a fixed access point, such as a streetlight, may be coupled to a wireless backhaul switch, and in a room environment a fixed access point, such as a home appliance, may be coupled to the wireless backhaul switch.

A wireless backhaul switch is positioned at a height of several tens to several hundreds m above the ground and covers an area several tens of km 2 or more, and supports the mass of the wireless backhaul link to the fixed and mobile access points in the coverage. UE (User Equipment) can receive a large capacity mobile communication service from fixed and mobile access points in addition to existing wired base stations.

In order to provide such a large-capacity mobile communication service, it is necessary to construct a channel model accurately reflecting the radio propagation environment of the fifth-generation mobile communication system, but research on this has not yet been made.

For example, a large-scale array antenna-based super-wide-area wireless backhaul system (Korea Institute of Communication Sciences, 40, pp.1354-1362, 2015., author: Seongwon Ko, Hyoji Kim, Since there is no channel model, it is disclosed that the spatial channel model provided in the 3GPP standard document is cited and extended. That is, the spatial channel model provided by the 3GPP standard document provides parameters only for a base station height of about 30 m and a coverage of up to 6 km, but by ignoring this limitation range, Only.

In order to solve the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for constructing a spatial channel model of a 5th generation mobile communication, which can construct a channel model more accurately reflecting the radio propagation environment of the 5th generation mobile communication system do.

The objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a radio backhaul network propagation environment of an analysis target area is constructed taking into consideration the digital topographic map of the analysis target area and the antenna information for the fifth generation mobile communication, and DRT (Deterministic Searching for a plurality of propagation paths between a transmission point and a reception point under a radio backhaul network propagation environment of the analysis target area based on a Ray-Tube algorithm; Collecting power delay distribution information of each of the plurality of propagation paths; And obtaining the spatial channel model parameters for the fifth generation mobile communication by clustering and combining the collected power delay distribution information with the K-means algorithm.

The step of collecting the power delay distribution information may include acquiring a plurality of propagation paths to a radio wave receiving point at a radio wave transmitting point through the DRT algorithm when a radio wave transmitting point and a radio wave receiving point on the digital topographical map are determined by a user And then collects power delay distribution information for each of the propagation paths.

The power delay distribution information includes information on delay time, received power, arrival azimuth, arrival altitude, departure azimuth, and departure altitude.

The method comprising 5G calculated for Mobile Communications spatial channel model parameters are delay, received power, the arrival azimuth, the arrival elevation, the starting azimuth, and data object consisting of information on the starting altitude (x 1, x 2, ... , x n ) is obtained by the number n of propagation paths, and then k (k is a natural number) clusters through a K-means algorithm.

Wherein the step of calculating the fifth generation mobile communication spatial channel model parameter further comprises calculating a path loss model for each of the propagation paths based on the received power of each of the propagation paths,

Figure pat00001
Quot ;, wherein d o is a reference position, d is a distance from a radio wave transmission point to a reception point,? Is a propagation wavelength, and n is a path loss index indicating a degree of path loss .

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a radio backhaul network propagation environment of an analysis target area is constructed in consideration of the digital topographic map of the analysis target area and the antenna information of the fifth generation mobile communication, and DRT (Deterministic Ray A propagation environment analysis unit for searching for a plurality of propagation paths between a transmission point and a reception point under a radio backhaul network propagation environment of the analysis target area based on a plurality of propagation paths of the plurality of propagation paths, part; And a spatial channel modeling unit for clustering and combining the collected power delay distribution information through a K-means algorithm to obtain a spatial channel model parameter for a fifth-generation mobile communication, to obtain a spatial channel model parameter acquisition apparatus for a fifth generation mobile communication system .

The spatial channel modeling unit may further include a function of calculating a path loss model for each propagation path utilizing received power for each propagation path.

Further, the spatial channel modeling unit may set the path loss model to "

Figure pat00002
Quot ;, wherein d o is a reference position, d is a distance from a radio wave transmission point to a reception point,? Is a radio wave wavelength, and n is a path loss index indicating a degree of path loss .

 The method and apparatus for acquiring the spatial channel model parameters for the fifth generation mobile communication according to the present invention establishes the fifth generation wireless backhaul propagation environment of the analysis area in consideration of the digital topographical map of the analysis target area and the antenna information for the fifth generation mobile communication, The spatial channel model parameters can be obtained more accurately by considering the actual environment.

In addition, it is possible to provide not only the power delay distribution information for the fifth generation wireless backhaul network propagation environment but also the path loss model for each propagation path, thereby increasing the diversity of information.

In addition, verification of wireless transmission and connection technology of the fifth generation mobile communication system can be made based on the spatial channel model parameters for the fifth generation mobile communication.

1 illustrates a scenario in which a mobile access point is served in a wireless backhaul switch of a 5th generation mobile communication system.
2 is a diagram illustrating a method for acquiring a spatial channel model parameter for a fifth generation mobile communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a diagram showing a propagation path searching method to a radio wave receiving point at a radio wave transmitting point according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a diagram illustrating an example of power delay distribution information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a result of clustering power delay distribution information according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.
6 is a diagram illustrating a spatial channel model parameter acquisition apparatus for fifth generation mobile communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments and examples of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.

It should be understood, however, that the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments and examples described herein. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and similar parts are denoted by like reference characters throughout the specification.

Throughout this specification, when an element is referred to as "including " an element, it is understood that the element may include other elements as well, without departing from the other elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

As used herein, the terms "about," " substantially, "and the like are used herein to refer to or approximate the numerical value of manufacturing and material tolerances inherent in the stated sense, Accurate or absolute numbers are used to prevent unauthorized exploitation by unauthorized intruders of the mentioned disclosure. Also, throughout the present specification, the phrase " step "or" step "does not mean" step for.

Throughout this specification, the term "combination thereof" included in the expression of the machine form means one or more combinations or combinations selected from the group consisting of the constituents described in the expression of the machine form, And the like.

Throughout this specification, the description of "A and / or B" means "A or B, or A and B".

2 is a diagram illustrating a method for acquiring a spatial channel model parameter for a fifth generation mobile communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2, the method of the present invention constructs a wireless backhaul network propagation environment in consideration of the digital topographical map of the area to be analyzed and the antenna information of the 5th generation mobile communication, A step S2 of collecting the power delay distribution information of each propagation path, a step of clustering and collecting the collected power delay distribution information to acquire a spatial channel model parameter S3 (S4) calculating a path loss model based on the received power for each of the propagation paths based on the collected radio wave performance information, and the like.

First, in step S1, when an area to be analyzed is determined by the user, a digital topographic map for the area to be analyzed is obtained by searching the map database as shown in FIG. 3, and a scatter topography , Information on each of the antennas), thereby establishing a wireless backhaul network propagation environment of the analysis target area. In this case, the digital topographic map is preferably an electronic map having altitude information for each point of X, Y coordinates, and the antenna may be a fifth generation wireless backhaul switch, a mobile access point, a fixed access point, In addition to the value, information about the antenna height and coverage can be added. Then, when at least one radio wave transmitting point Tx and at least one radio wave receiving point Rx are determined by referring to the digital topographical map of the area to be analyzed by the user, the radio wave is radiated using a deterministic ray-tube (DRT) , All the propagation paths (p 1 , p 2 , ..., p n ) to the radio wave reception point Rx at the transmission point Tx are searched. In the case of the uplink, the radio wave transmission point becomes the mobile access point or the fixed access point, the radio wave reception point becomes the radio backhaul switch, the radio wave transmission point becomes the radio backhaul switch in the downlink, Point.

The DRT algorithm of the present invention can obtain the propagation path from the radio wave transmission point to the radio wave reception point, for example, in the following manner.

A ray tube is a concept that can systematically represent scattering phenomena such as reflection and diffraction in a uniform manner, and has information on a virtual source and the existence area of the rays radiated from the virtual source.

First, a transmission tube, a reflection tube, a diffraction tube, and a secondary tube, which is a secondary scattering tube, are generated from scattering body information such as buildings and terrains belonging to a radio wave transmission point based on a digital topographic map and an area within a scattering radius of a radio wave reception point .

In addition, all the propagated ray tubes are stored in the form of a tree structure, and the point-to-point ray tracing method based on the electrophoresis method traces all propagation paths consisting of a combination of multiple reflections and diffractions, And finds all propagation paths from the transmission point to the reception point based on the set transmission point and reception point information (in particular, the height and coverage of the antenna).

In step S2, actual propagation information is transmitted / received through each propagation path from the transmission point to the reception point, thereby collecting the power delay distribution information of each propagation path as shown in Fig. At this time, the power delay distribution information includes at least one of delay time, power, power of arrival, angle of arrival (AoA), elevation of arrival (EoA), angle of departure (AoD) And information about the elevation of departure (EoA).

In step S3, n (n is the number of propagation paths) data objects based on the power delay distribution information of each propagation path (i.e., delay time, received power, AoA, EoA, AoD, and EoA of each propagation path) (x 1 , x 2 , ..., x n ) and clusters them by K (K is a natural number) through the K-means algorithm as shown in FIG. Then, the spatial channel parameters are calculated by combining the clustering results on a per-point-by-point basis. At this time, the spatial channel parameters include MED, RMS delay deviation, AoA angular deviation, AoD angular deviation, EoA angular deviation, EoD angular deviation, cluster number, clusters number of subpaths, AoD angular deviation per cluster, EoA angular deviation per cluster, EoD angular deviation per cluster, and so on.

The K-means algorithm of the present invention may perform the clustering operation, for example, through the following procedure. First, the number K of clusters is set to be a priori. Then, after one object is planted in each of K clusters, the new cluster center is calculated by assigning all objects to each nearest cluster center. This cluster-based calculation operation is repeated until there is no change. Particularly, in the present invention, the number of clusters K is automatically set by using a silhouette technique, so that the efficiency and reliability of the clustering operation can be further improved.

Also, the present invention calculates a path loss model using the ray tracing result of the DRT algorithm, and further provides the path loss model as a spatial channel parameter.

That is, in step S4, the path loss model for each propagation path can be calculated based on the power delay distribution information (in particular, the received power of each propagation path) obtained as a result of ray tracing of the DRT algorithm.

Particularly, in the present invention, a path loss model for each propagation path can be calculated through a linear regression algorithm represented by the following equation.

Figure pat00003

In this case, d o is the reference position, d is the distance to the received points in the electric wave transmission point, λ is the propagation wavelength, n is the path loss exponent that represents the degree of the path loss.

6 is a diagram illustrating a spatial channel model parameter acquisition apparatus for fifth generation mobile communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5, the apparatus of the present invention constructs a wireless backhaul network propagation environment in consideration of the digital topographical map of the area to be analyzed and the antenna information of the 5th generation mobile communication, and determines a DRT (Deterministic Ray-Tube) A propagation environment analysis unit (10) for searching a plurality of propagation paths between a transmission point and a reception point under a radio backhaul network propagation environment of the analysis area and collecting power delay distribution information of each of the plurality of propagation paths, K a spatial channel modeling unit 20 for clustering and combining the collected power delay distribution information through a -means algorithm to obtain a spatial channel model parameter for a fifth generation mobile communication, and a spatial channel modeling unit 20 for constructing and managing an external communication network, You can access the server to get a digital topographic map of the area you are analyzing, or you can build and manage the map database yourself, A digital map generation unit 30 for acquiring and providing a digital map of the area to be analyzed by searching a map database to be analyzed, a monitor, a keyboard, a speaker, and a mouse to acquire various input values provided by the user, And a user interface 40 for guiding the result of the performance in an audiovisual manner.

Also, the spatial channel modeling unit 20 may calculate the path loss model for each propagation path using the received power for each propagation path according to Equation (1) described above, and then add it to the spatial channel model parameter .

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, Modification is possible. Accordingly, the spirit of the present invention should be understood only in accordance with the following claims, and all of the equivalent or equivalent variations will fall within the scope of the present invention.

In addition, the method for acquiring the spatial channel model parameter for the fifth generation mobile communication according to the present invention can be implemented as a computer-readable code on a computer-readable recording medium. A computer-readable recording medium includes all kinds of recording apparatuses in which data that can be read by a computer system is stored. Examples of the recording medium include a ROM, a RAM, a CD ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, a hard disk, a flash drive and the like, and also a carrier wave . The computer-readable recording medium may also be distributed over a networked computer system so that computer readable code can be stored and executed in a distributed manner.

Claims (8)

Based on the digital topographical map of the analyzed area and the antenna information of the 5th generation mobile communication antenna, a wireless backhaul network propagation environment is constructed, and based on the deterministic ray-tube (DRT) algorithm, Searching for a plurality of propagation paths between the transmission point and the reception point under the condition;
Collecting power delay distribution information of each of the plurality of propagation paths; And
And obtaining spatially channel model parameters for the fifth generation mobile communication by clustering and combining the collected power delay distribution information with a K-means algorithm. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein collecting the power delay distribution information comprises:
When a radio wave transmission point and a radio wave reception point on the digital topographic map are determined by a user, a plurality of propagation paths to a radio wave reception point at a radio wave transmission point are obtained through the DRT algorithm, and then a power delay And collecting distribution information for the fifth generation mobile communication system. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the power delay distribution information
A receiving azimuth angle, an arrival azimuth angle, a starting azimuth angle, and a starting altitude of the fifth generation mobile communication system. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of calculating the fifth generation mobile communication spatial channel model parameter comprises:
(X 1 , x 2 ,..., X n ) composed of information on the time, the delay time, the received power, the arrival azimuth, the arrival altitude, the starting azimuth, , And k (k is a natural number) clusters through a K-means algorithm. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of calculating the fifth generation mobile communication spatial channel model parameter comprises:
Further comprising calculating a path loss model for each of the propagation paths based on received power of each of the propagation paths,
The path loss model is "
Figure pat00004
"Is calculated by a linear regression algorithm,
Wherein d o is a reference position, d is a distance from a radio wave transmission point to a reception point,? Is a propagation wavelength, and n is a path loss index indicating a degree of path loss. Way. Based on the digital topographical map of the analyzed area and the antenna information of the 5th generation mobile communication antenna, a wireless backhaul network propagation environment is constructed, and based on the deterministic ray-tube (DRT) algorithm, A propagation environment analyzer for searching for a plurality of propagation paths between a transmission point and a receiving point under the plurality of propagation paths and collecting power delay distribution information of each of the plurality of propagation paths; And
And a spatial channel modeling unit for clustering and combining the collected power delay distribution information through a K-means algorithm to obtain a fifth-generation mobile communication spatial channel model parameter. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the spatial channel modeling unit
Further comprising a function of calculating a path loss model for each propagation path by utilizing received power for each propagation path. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the spatial channel modeling unit
The path loss model is called "
Figure pat00005
"Is calculated by a linear regression algorithm expressed as "
Wherein d o is a reference position, d is a distance from a radio wave transmission point to a reception point,? Is a propagation wavelength, and n is a path loss index indicating a degree of path loss. Device.
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WO2019135574A1 (en) * 2018-01-04 2019-07-11 삼성전자 주식회사 Method and device for allowing simulator to analyze radio wave environment in wireless communication system
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