KR20170089577A - Implants and methods for performing gums and bone augmentation and preservation - Google Patents

Abstract

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention relates to a filler disposed on a spot of extraction, intended to make gum and bone grow and well preserved. The filler of the present invention promotes sufficient growth of new bone so as to prevent aggravation of condition in general jawbone due to tooth extraction. The filler creates, disposes, and processes environments for ideal growth in an attempt to keep original outlines of each jawbone intact as well as to keep growth of new bone for facilitated growth. The present invention further relates to a dental implant placed to provide scaffolds for re-growth of interdental paper of damaged or extracted teeth. The dental implant includes micropatterns for oriented cell growth.

Description

[0001] IMPLANTS AND METHODS FOR FOR PERFORMING GUMS AND BONE AUGMENTATION AND PRESERVATION [0002]

The embodiments described herein relate generally to devices and methods for dental surgery, and more particularly to devices and methods for preserving and / or growing gums (gums) and bones.

If the tooth that is pulled or otherwise lost is not immediately implanted or replaced with an implant, atrophy of the jaw (alveolar bone) occurs over time. As a result, a person with partial teeth over a long period of time remains in a state of contracted tooth adjustment that can not firmly support the denture. Furthermore, people without teeth have poor appearance and poor chewing ability, and the quality of oral health of each person must be poor and treated.

The inner part of the alveolar bone consists of a soft trabecular bone with unique characteristics that can absorb the impact caused by tooth movement during speech, eating, and so on. As a result of tooth removal and absence of bone pressure stimulation in this area, alveolar bone is absorbed. The resulting adjustment could result in 40-60% of the previous height being lost. After an initial loss of 40-60%, alveolar bone continues to be absorbed at bone loss rates of 0.5-1.0 mm per year.

In addition, when the teeth are pulled out, the lack of the support bones fails to adequately support the load of the later inserted prosthesis or implant. This is a side effect of the alveolar bone, which is weakened by the properties of the exacerbated bones becoming soft, porous, less dense, and spongy. Also, tooth implants tend to fail due to lack of bone porosity and bone density.

In healthy teeth and teeth (gums), a small space (interboreal embrasure) may exist between the teeth near the interdigital papilla of the gum line. The interdental papilla of a tooth is a small triangular part of the gum line covering the space between teeth. In certain instances, the interdental papilla can be damaged due to gum disease, such as improper oral hygiene or gingivitis and dermal fissure

have. Retraction of the gums increases the size of the interdental spaces. In serious cases, the space known as "black triangle disease" may expand and the space between the teeth may become larger. The gaps in the teeth may become obscure, and in severe cases it can become difficult to speak and / or eat Black triangles are used for gingival implants and other surgeries.

Which has been treated in a variety of ways. However, since there is no base material for the gums to form, the regeneration of the interdental papillae is very slow or impossible.

Improved materials or techniques for growing, preserving and supporting the gums and bones are needed to re-grow lost or damaged gingival tissue, reduce worsening of tooth alignment, and reinforce the alveolar bone or bone prostheses of implants .

The embodiments described herein include dental implants that provide a base material from which the gingival tissue of the interdigital papilla can grow back. The tooth implant includes a body portion and an anchor portion attached to the body portion. The anchor portion is inserted into the patient's jawbone to fix the tooth implant to the area of the interdigital nipple. The body may include a micro-texture that allows cell growth in a one-way or bi-directional manner to allow regrowth of the gum in the gum line. Dental implants may be made entirely or partially biodegradable so that the dental implants need not be removed from the patient's jawbone.

In addition, the embodiments described herein include a filler that is onlayed into existing bone tissue in a viscous form to fit the newly extracted site or is disposed entirely in the removed site of the gum. The filler is configured to enable bone formation (preservation and growth) in the alveolar ridge. The filler can be used to fill various sizes and shapes of jaw bone defects

. One or more biocompatible materials are injected and cured into a solid, matrix, or mash-like structure configured to reinforce the bone growth environment by osteoinduction or osteoconduction. Optionally, the reinforcing polymer and / or composite coating is then implanted to cover and protect the filler from the oral environment. After injection and curing, the filler enables new bone growth for preservation and / or growth of the bone. Over time, integrated bone tissue obtained by integration between growing bone and filler develops. Once adequate bone growth is achieved, the integrated bone structure can support the prosthesis and can be used as an area for receiving a dental implant device. Thus, the resultant foundation strengthens the forces of support, fixation and fixation for the prosthesis or implant since it preserves and / or grows the bone tissue.

Figure 1 shows a tooth implant according to one embodiment described herein.
Figure 2 shows a tooth implant according to another embodiment described herein.
Figure 3 shows a tooth implant according to another embodiment described herein.
Figure 4 illustrates a tooth implant according to another embodiment described herein.
Figure 5 illustrates a tooth implant according to another embodiment described herein.
Figures 6A-6C illustrate various steps of a method of implanting a tooth implant according to the embodiment described herein.
Figures 7A-7C illustrate various steps of growing a bone according to the embodiment described herein.
Figure 8 illustrates a method of growing bone in accordance with another embodiment described herein.
Figure 9 illustrates yet another method of growing bone according to another embodiment described herein.
Figure 10 shows a micro-pillar array according to the embodiment described herein.

The embodiments described herein provide a mechanism and method for growing and preserving bones, particularly for reducing bone deterioration, reinforcing the support of the prosthesis, and providing a bone that is particularly suitable for regrowth of gum tissue in the gum line of the dentition area. Apparatus and method. In the following description, various details are set forth, such as material type, sizes, specific organizations, etc., to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art of biomedicals that many of these details may be practiced. In other instances, well-known instruments, methods, and biochemical processes have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.

As described above, in the phenomenon known as "black triangle disease ", a part of the gum line known as the interdental papilla may be damaged by leaving a large space between the teeth. Regeneration of the interdental papilla will be slow or impossible, since the gums do not have any underlying material or other support to regrow. The embodiments described herein provide a solution to this problem by providing a tooth implant that provides a base material from which protrusions can regrow.

Referring now to FIG. 1, there is shown a dental implant 100 having the same reference numerals and having a body 110 and an anchor 120 attached to the body 110 . The anchor portion 120 is configured to be implanted in the patient's jawbone to partially secure the body portion 110 within the gum, and is configured to extend out of the gum to an area where otherwise undamaged interdigital nipple would have been located. The body portion 110 includes a base portion 114 having a width 136 and an end portion 112. The body portion has an appropriately sized height 132 and width 136 that would otherwise be located within the gum while extending out of the gum to occupy the area occupied by the interdigital nipple. The anchor portion 120 is attached to the body portion 110 and is attached to the base portion 114 of the body portion 110. The anchor portion 120 may be attached to the body portion 110, Respectively. The anchor portion 120 is configured to be implanted into the jaw bone of the patient to securely fix the tooth implant 100 in place. The anchor portion 120 includes an end portion 122, which may have a pointed shape for easy insertion into the jaw. The width 138 and length 134 of the anchor portion 120 can be adjusted to more accurately fit the patient's jaw and secure the body portion 110 in place. The anchor portion 120 may be made of, for example, surgical steel, ceramic, or polymer. The anchor portion 120 may be made of the same material as or different from the body portion 110 and may be incorporated into the body portion 110. [ The anchor portion may be made of a biocompatible material so that it is reabsorbed by the jaws.

The body portion 110 has a triangular shape in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, but other shapes are also possible, including rectangular, partial elliptical, other polyhedral, irregular, and composite shapes. 2 illustrates an anchor portion 210 having a body portion 210 having a base 214 and a terminating end 212 and a terminating portion 222 extending from the base 214 of the body portion 210 220 of the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the body 210 has a shape like a trapezoid.

The body portion 110 may be made of a non-degradable material such that the body portion 110 remains unreacted for up to six months or more. The body portion 110 may be made of, for example, hydroxyapatite, reinforced polyethylene composite, betatricalcium phosphate, alternate calcium phosphate, bioactive glass, resorbable calcium phosphate, alumina, zirconia ), And the like. ≪ / RTI > In addition, composite materials in which a biodegradable polymer and a bioceramic material are combined can be used to form the body portion 110. It is to be understood that the body portion 110 may include any type of material known in the art having the property of forming a non-toxic byproduct. For example, the body portion 110 may comprise polyurethane, polyorthoester, polyvinyl alcohol

polyvinyl alcohol, polyamide, polycarbonate, poly (ethylene) glycol, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone, ), Polyvinyl pyrrolidone, marine adhesive protein, and cyanoacrylate, or synthetic polymers such as analogs, mixtures, binders, and derivatives thereof Alone or in combination). In addition, the body 110 may be made of a material selected from the group consisting of agarose, alginate, fibrin, fibrinogen, fibronectin, collagen, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, (alone or in combination), such as, for example, acid, and other suitable polymers and biopolymer materials, or analogs, mixtures, conjugates and derivatives thereof, have. In addition, the body portion 110 can be formed from a mixture of biopolymer materials and synthetic polymeric materials that occur naturally. Optionally, the body portion 110 may be formed of collagen gel, polyvinyl alcohol sponge, poly (D, L-Lac

Polyglactin fiber, a calcium alginate gel, a polyglycolic acid mash (polyglycolic acid) fiber matrix, a poly (lactide-co-glycolide) fiber matrix, polyglycolic acidmesh, polyesters such as poly- (L-lactic acid) or polyanhydrides

(e.g., polyanhydride), polysaccharides (e.g., alginate), polyphosphazene, or polyacrylates

polyacrylate, or a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene glycol block copolymer. The body portion 110 may be formed from a protein (e.g., extracellular matrix proteins such as fibrin, collagen, fibronectin), a polymer (e.g., polyvinylpyrrolidone), or hyaluronic acid. The synthetic polymer may also be a biodegradable polymer, such as poly (lactide), poly (glycolic acid), poly (lactide-coglycolide) -co-glycolide), poly (caprolactone)),

(For example, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyanhydride, polyamino acid, polyorthoester, polyacetal, polycyanoacrylate), degradable polyurethane, Ethylene-vinyl-acetate polymers and other acrylic substituted cellulose acetate and derivatives thereof)

Poly (vinylidene chloride), non-degradable polyurethane, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, poly (vinylimidazole), chlorosulphonated polyolefin, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol,

(R) (teflon (R)), and nylon. In another embodiment, the body portion 110 may be made of a material selected from the group consisting of calcium phosphate (Ca4P209), amorphous calcium phosphate, alpha-trisodium phosphate (Ca3 (P04) 2), beta-tris (PO4) 6 (OH) 2). In another embodiment, the body portion 110 may be formed of alumina or zirconia.

The body portion 110 may include a coating that enables directional growth of the gum line along the dental implant 100 to enable faster treatment. The polymer coating may be applied before and / or after the body portion 110. In one embodiment, the coating is a material having a thickness such that the coating remains unreacted for up to 21 days or more

. ≪ / RTI > For example, the coating may be a polymer coating. Polymer coatings can include a variety of combinations of properties, such as, for example, biocompatibility and biodegradability, mechanical consistency with gums, induction of minimal inflammatory responses, and ability to deliver therapeutic or therapeutic drug formulations. The polymer coating may comprise a polylactic acid or other hydrogel. It should be understood that the polymeric coating need not be a complete polymeric material, such as, for example, a 100% polymer, but may be a composite material comprising a combination known as a bioceramic material, a complex hydrogel, and a polymer. In addition, the polymer coating may be made of a film such as a collagen felt or a similar semi-rigid material such as polylactic acid, polyether, and the like. In a preferred embodiment, the polymer coating may be a biodegradable polymer. The preferred biodegradable polymers are polymers that have a handleable nature that makes the polymer easier to use (i.e.,

Long-term, unlimited quality of life, economical, cost-effective, patient-friendly, high biocompatibility and partial biodegradability without additional training time to learn how to use it Features that have low production costs, biocompatibility after placement, ease of separation, assisting cell growth and differentiation, and having chemotaxis (collecting wound repair host cells from surrounding tissues). The polymer coating may be injected into a filler as a liquid or viscous gel material. In one embodiment, the polymer coating is a mixture of glycerol and diacid, such as those described in US 2003/0118692, Of a biodegradable condensation polymer, and the substrate is included as a whole. For example,

The coalescent can be a poly (glycerol sebacate), a low acrylated poly (glycerol sebacate)

Poly (glycerol sebacate) -acrylate, highly acrylated poly (glycerol sebacate) -acrylate, poly (glycerol sebacate) -acrylate-co-poly (ethylene glycol) network, poly Poly (glycerol succinate), poly (glycerol glutarate), poly (glycerol adipate) (poly (glycerol adipate)), poly )), Poly (glycerol pimel

Poly (glycerol pellate), poly (glycerol suberate), poly (glycerol azelate), poly (glycerol azelate), poly (glycerol azelate) Diacid polymers, glycerol and non-aliphatic diacids polymers having a number of carbon atoms or more, and mixtures thereof. In various embodiments, amine and aromatic groups such as terephthalic acid and carboxyphenoxypropane may be incorporated into the carbon ring. In addition, diacid not only includes substituents but also includes amines and hydroxyl groups to increase the number of cross-linkable sites, amino acids and other biomolecules to modify the biologic properties of the polymer, and chain- Such as aromatic groups, aliphatic groups and halogen elements for repairing the action. The polymer coating can be a biomolecule, a hydrophilic group, a hydrophobic group, a non-protein organism group, an acid, a low molecular weight, A control therapeutic agent or a pharmaceutical agent, or a combination thereof. The polymer can be the nucleus of cells that fit into the gum tissue for faster treatment.

The polymer coating may include a micro-pattern that enhances adhesion and is disposed on its surface to promote directional cell growth as described in US Provisional Patent Application No. 61 / 238,019, . The micropattern has a size that allows the cells of the gum to grow in one or two directions within the micropattern to facilitate rapid and effective treatment. In various embodiments, the micropattern may be made of a micro-tube, micro-floor, micro-bone or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the micropattern may be oriented with orientation over the body portion of the tooth implant.

In one embodiment, the micropattern on the polymer coating disposed on some or all of the polymer coated surface, as shown in FIG. 10, may comprise an array of columns 1006. The pillars 1008 increase the adhesion of the polymer coating to the gum tissue by the adhesion of the polymer coating to the uneven surface of the tissue, thus enhancing the adhesion and maximizing interfacial contact. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the pillars 1008 may be disposed in a region 332 of the polymer coating configured to be located within the gum line. The gums may adhere to the polymer coating so that the gums may grow along the remainder of the polymer coating. The pillars 1008 may be formed by combining photolithography and reactive ionetching to form a mold To pattern the silicon substrate. The pillars 1008 can then be formed, for example, by curing and casting the polymer coating using ultraviolet light or heat suitable for the particular polymer. The dimensions of the pillars 1008, including top width w, height h, and pitch p, may be varied. In one embodiment, the column 1008 may include a top width (w) ranging from about 100 nm to about 1 占 퐉, and a column height (h) from about 0.8 占 퐉 to about 3 占 퐉. The pillars 1008 may be coated with a DXTA layer to further improve their adhesion properties. In another embodiment, the polymeric coating may include a micropattern in some or all of the body portion to size to allow directional growth of the gum cells in one or both directions in the micro-pattern to facilitate rapid and effective treatment have. Also, for example, the tooth implant 300 of FIG. 3 includes a micropattern for promoting directional cell growth disposed in a region 334 that can be projected from the gum line to the area previously occupied by the interdigital nipple

. The micropattern may include micro-shapes such as micro-tubes, micro-cores and / or micro-floors disposed on the polymer coating surface in one, two or more directions. The size of the micro-shape may have a size within which the gum cells grow. In various embodiments, the width of the micro-features may be between about 0.5 microns and 100 microns, at least 100 microns, or between about 10 microns and about 40 microns.

The anchor portion of the dental implant may include various features for securely attaching to the patient ' s jaw. The anchor portion 420 extending from the base 414 of the body portion 410 of the dental implant 400 has a sharpened end portion 422 to be screwed into the patient's jaw position, (Not shown). 5, the anchor 520 extending from the base 514 of the body 510 of the dental implant 500 includes a plurality of holes (not shown) to allow the bone to grow through the anchor 520, ) 530. Figures 6A-6C illustrate steps of a method of implanting a tooth implant according to an embodiment. Figure 6A shows a patient's gums 646 and teeth 644 with a tooth pole 642 between two forepaws. 6B shows a tooth implant 600 implanted in a patient's gums 646 in accordance with various embodiments described above. The anchor portion 620 may be inserted into the patient's bone to secure the dental implant 600 and the body portion 610 may extend into the gingival line 642 in the gum line to provide a base material from which the gums may regrow, . FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view of the gum 600 after the tooth implant 600 is removed or disassembled

(646). As shown in FIG. 6C, the interdental papilla regrows partially to fill the teeth electrode 642. In another embodiment, the interdental papilla may be re-grown to completely fill the teeth electrode 642. [

As noted above, one problem associated with the failure of the prosthesis is the lack of peripheral bone to support the load of the implant. Particularly, the alveolar bone or jawbone is particularly problematic in areas where it is weakened due to ductility, porosity, imprecise properties or sponge properties. In particular, tooth implants tend to fail due to lateral, anterior, and backward movements of the prosthesis with a lack of strong peripheral bone structures. This problem has the same effect on the stability of tooth implants or prostheses.

Another problem with the failure of the prosthesis is the deterioration of the jawbone. If the extracted or lost tooth is not immediately implanted or replaced with an implant, atrophy of the jaw bone occurs over time, resulting in deteriorated appearance and poor functional performance. The embodiments described herein can be injected into bone defects, Provide solutions to the foregoing problems by providing a filler that is matched to the bone defect shape and cured to ensure structural integrity of the bone to reduce bone deterioration and protect the original shape of the bone itself (before removal) . According to one embodiment, the filler comprises a viscous material that can be structurally cured to a matrix-like material. When injected, the filler is generally viscous to conform to the shape of the defect of the jawbone or skeleton and is adjusted to the dimensions of the cavity very accurately or more or less precisely, depending on the viscosity of the filler. The viscosity of the filler can be modified from a paste with a little malleability to a liquid flowing depending on the application intended. Alternatively, the surgery may be performed in a "clean" place prior to applying the filler (e.g., removing extra tissue and / or bone fragments, etc.). After insertion, the seat can be closed using a conventional suture or adhesive patch. An embodiment of an adhesive patch is described in U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61 / 238,019.

After the filler is cured in the cavity of the bone, a natural penetration occurs and as a result is promoted by the filler so that the newly grown bone fills the inner cavity and replaces the biodegradable portion of the filler. Optionally, bone growth can fill the internal pores of the filler formed by the matrix nature of the filler. Materials containing fillers serve as ideal growth environments for newly formed bones. By using a filler, new bone growth occurs at an accelerated rate, or at a normal rate if not nucleated, as described in more detail below. New bone growth can be used to support prostheses or dentures with enhanced stability compared to prostheses or implants without such bone growth. Alternatively, a shape may be made to form an opening for receiving the implant device, with the result that the filler is integrated into the bone structure. Otherwise, the shape may be made to form an opening for receiving the implant device. To enable new bone growth to prevent bone deterioration. Another goal is to minimize bone volume loss. This purpose is to replace the bone defects with a filler

And can be achieved by creating an ideal growth environment to enable new bone growth and to preserve the original contour of each jaw bone tissue.

The filler is a viscous form that can be cured in the cavity of the bone in a solid or mesh-like structure, such as hydroxyapatite, a reinforced polyethylene composite, calcium beta triphosphate, alternative calcium phosphate, bioactive glass, Absorbable calcium phosphate, alumina, zirconia, and the like. Further, the biodegradable polymer

Can be used in combination with a bioceramic material to form a composite filler material. The filler may be any non-toxic by-product, and may include any kind of material known in the art having properties that can be cured after application. For example, the filler may be a polyurethane, a polyorthoester, a polyvinyl alcohol, Polyacrylic acid, polycaprolactone, polyvinylpyrrolidone, marine adhesive proteins, and cyanoacrylates, or analogs, mixtures, binders, and derivatives thereof, Formed with the same synthetic polymers (alone or in combination)

. The filler may be naturally occurring, such as agarose, alginate, fibrin, fibrinogen, fibronectin, collagen, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, and other suitable polymers and biopolymer materials or analogs, mixtures, Or < / RTI > the primer-derived polymers (alone or in combination). Also,

The filler can be formed from a mixture of naturally occurring biopolymer materials and synthetic polymer materials. Alternatively, the filler may be selected from the group consisting of collagen gels, polyvinyl alcohol sponges, poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) fiber matrices, polyglactin fibers, calcium alginate gels, polyglycolic acid mashes, , Poly- (L-lactic acid) or polyanhydride), polysaccharides (such as alginate), polyphosphazenes, or polyacrylates, or polyethylene oxide-polypropylene glycol block copolymers. Fillers may be produced from proteins (e. G., Extracellular matrix proteins such as fibrin, collagen, and fibronectin), polymers (e. G., Polyvinylpyrrolidone) or hyaluronic acid. The synthetic polymer may also be a biodegradable polymer such as poly (lactide), poly (glycolic acid), poly (lactide-co-glycolide), poly (caprolactone), polycarbonate, Hydride, polyamino acid, polyortho

Non-degradable polyurethanes, non-degradable polymers (e.g., polyacrylates, ethylene-vinyl acetate polymers and other acrylic substituted cellulose acetates and derivatives thereof), non-degradable polyurethanes, polystyrene, May be used including polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, poly (vinyl imidazole), chlorosulfonated polyol, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, Teflon (R), and nylon. All of the materials can be divided into three categories of biomaterials: inactive, reabsorbing, and active, which means active participation in an immutable, dissolving, or physiological process. There are several calcium phosphate ceramics that are recognized as possible as biocompatible fillers. Most of these will be reabsorbable and will dissolve when exposed to a physiological environment, such as extracellular matrix. Some of these materials include the following order of availability: Calcium phosphate (Ca4p2O9)> Amorphous calcium phosphate> Calcium alpha-trisinate (Ca3 (PO4) 2)> Calcium beta-triphosphate (Ca3 (P04) 2) >>

Hydroxyapatite (Ca10 (P04) 6 (OH) 2). Unlike the calcium phosphate listed above, hydroxyapatite is not degraded under physiological conditions. In fact, it is thermodynamically stable at physiological pH and actively participates in bone binding, forming strong chemical bonds with surrounding bone. This characteristic is advantageous for rapid bone recovery after surgery. Other bioceramic materials such as alumina and zirconia are generally known for their chemical inertness and strength. These properties may be used for the purpose of supporting the implant device when used as an atticulatg surface of the implant device. Porous alumina can also be used as a bone spacer in areas where cut-off portions of the bone are to be removed due to various conditions or diseases. The material acts as a scaffold or matrix for bone growth. In one embodiment, the filler may be disposed thereon with a composite coating that covers the reinforcing polymer and / or filler. For example,

When the bioceramic material comprises a bioceramic material, the polymeric coating may comprise polyactic acid or other hydrogels, which may be placed against the filler as will be further described hereinafter. The polymer coating need not be a complete polymeric material, for example a 100% polymer, but may be a composite material comprising a combination known as a bioceramics material, a complex hydrogel and a polymer. In addition, the polymer coating may be made of collagen felt, or a film such as a similar semi-rigid material such as polylactic acid, polyether, and the like. In a preferred embodiment, the polymer coating is a biodegradable polymer. Preferred biodegradable polymers are polymers that have a manageable nature that makes them easy to use (i.e., they do not require training time to learn how operators use them, have long term, unlimited quality of life, are economical, It is not added, has a high biocompatibility and partial biodegradability, low production cost, biocompatibility after placement, easy to separate, space retention (maintaining bone shape), cell growth and differentiation (Having the ability to collect wound repair host cells from surrounding tissues), bone conduction, and bone conduction). The polymer coating also serves the purpose of preventing contamination of the material while safely protecting each oral environment without changing. The polymer may be injected into the filler in a liquid or viscous gel material. The filler may also contain additional bone morphogenic protein (BMP) material by binding the filler to the bone forming protein. The additional protein serves to stimulate bone growth, i.e., to accelerate bone growth within the filler

Lt; / RTI > Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) induces new bone growth within the filler through a process similar to cartilage formation. In one embodiment, the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) comprises a protein component and is mixed with a filler to form a composite filler material. In addition, the filler can be injected into the collagen bone forming protein base. It should also be understood that protein materials may include other growth proteins. Fibrinogen, a-thrombin, as well as a variety of other estrogens, growth hormones, gene therapy, or a combination of these factors can be used as fillers to promote healthy bone growth. The osteogenic protein material may be injected into the filler with a liquid or viscous gel material. The filler may comprise a material having a mesh-like structure. After curing, the filler may include a mesh-like structure that allows new bone growth to occur through the filler. The mash-like filler provides a large amount of exposed surface for generating bone growth, as compared to a solid structure. The hourly-like filler has a porosity characteristic and the pore may or may not be constant to serve as a scaffold for new bone growth. The holes can be formed in various ways. In one embodiment, the filler comprises a micro-tube mixed with a filler in its viscous state

. When the filler is cured, the micro-tube provides a network of holes through which the bone can grow. In another embodiment, the filler may comprise a granular material that may be degraded in the oral environment faster than the rest of the filler material to form a plurality of pores through the hardened filler. Further, in another embodiment, the filler may be a pure,

A granular material that can be degraded in contact with liquids that enter the patient ' s mouth, such as base or acid solutions or enzymes. Also, in another example, the filler may be formed of a material that naturally pores once it is cured. Sometimes, the biodegradable polymers experience inherent warpage, pitting or significant erosion during the degradation process. Do such a problem

To achieve this, polymers with high crystallinity are used. Self-reinforcing and ultra high strength biodegradable composites can be combined from partially crystalline biodegradable polymers such as polyglycolide, polylactide, and glycolide / lactide copolymers. These materials have high initial strength, moderate coefficient, and strength retention time from four weeks to one year in vivo, depending on the implant structure. Crystalline polymeric fibers, carbon fibers in polymeric resins and particulate fillers, such as hydroxyapatite, may be used to enhance the dimensional stability and mechanical properties of the biodegradable filler. The use of interpenetrating networks (IPNs) in biodegradable material structures has been proven as a means to improve mechanical strength. To further enhance the mechanical strength of the intrinsic penetration network-enriched biodegradable materials, the biodegradable plate may be coated with a polyurethane (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) ratio of 85: 15 using a different cross- (SIPN) of a crosslinked polypropylene fumarate salt in a host matrix of poly (l-lactide-co-d, l-lactide) (PLA) of the polytetrafluoroethylene (Polytetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) molecules can be used as tool implants,

For example, the hydrophobicity and surface properties of the filler (700). Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has high resistance to chemical regents, low surface energy, low and high temperature resistance, resistance to weathering, low friction wiring, electrical insulation, and lubricity. However, since conventional polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has low resistance to erosion, the inventors have found that crosslinked polytetrafluoroethylene (" PTFE ") can be used along with gamma-beam irradiation, which can be employed to significantly increase resistance to erosion and deformation PTFE) can be applied. In addition, composites made of braided carbon fibers and epoxy resins (so-called biocompatible carbon-epoxy resins) have better mechanical properties than composites made of short, thin plate-like unidirectional fibers. 7C illustrate various steps of a particular embodiment of the filler. By way of example, a series of figures illustrate the implantation of a filler into a receiving site. FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a bone having an opening or cavity 760 surrounded by an epithelial tissue layer 750

740 < / RTI > In the case of a tooth implant, the cavity (760) represents the space created by drawing natural teeth that occupied space before drawing. In another embodiment, cavity 760 can be created by removing damaged or healthy bone to provide an attachment site for the implant device. The cavity 760 can also be formed by the removal of tissues such as cancer cells or tissue affected by some other kind of disease that may affect the strength or shape of the tissue. Prior to inserting the filler 700 into the cavity 760, the cavity 760 may be cleaned and formed using conventional methods known in the art. As described above, cavity 760 can be created by removing natural teeth. As another example, cavities 760 can be formed from defects in long bones formed by, for example, debrisentation of dysplasia. The cavity 760 may also be formed of any sort of surgical procedure that removes bones or any kind of process that forms some kind of cavity.

FIG. 7B shows a cross-section after FIG. 7A with a filler 700 inserted into cavity 760. FIG. The filler 700 is viscous so that it is partially or fully conformed to the formation and size of the bone cavity 760. In one embodiment, the filler 700 may be viscous to easily fit into the bone cavity 760 and fit. In yet another embodiment, the filler 700 may have a paste-like viscosity and may be physically pressed to conform to the bone cavity 760. Once placed in the cavity 760, the filler 700 is hardened and seated in the cavity to remain stable. In various embodiments, cavity 760 may be made of a suitable material, such as a filler,

It can be worn and shaped to provide a floor or apex.

As shown in FIG. 7C, a selective polymer coating 710 may be applied to the filler 700. The polymeric coating 710 may be applied as a viscous material to fit the filler 700 and then cure. In various embodiments, the polymer coating 710 may be applied to the filler 700 either before or after the filler 700 itself is cured. The polymeric coating 710 interacts with the blood surrounding the cavity 760 to form, for example, a fixation mechanism, such as a thrombus, that can further secure the filler 700 in place. The barrier layer formed by the polymer coating 710 prevents adhesion of the mucosa or growth of soft tissue that interferes with bone growth. Instead, bone grafting of the new bone growth in the filler (700) or in the filler (700)

the osteointegration takes place. As shown in FIG. 8, the filler 700 may include a solid pellet 800 to enable bone growth, such as the pellet disclosed in U. S. Patent Application No. 12 / 350,754, , The contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. The pellet 800 can be inserted into the bone cavity 760 and the filler 700 can be used to fill the area around the pellet 800 so that the pellet 800 is securely secured in the cavity. Pellet 800 and filler 700 may comprise the same or different materials. The pellet 800 may include a plurality of cavities through which the filler 700 penetrates to cross connect the pellet 800 and the filler 700 when the filler 700 is cured. In various embodiments, the filler 700 may cover some or all of the pellet 800. [

Once the bone growth is completed in cavity 760, the area may be used to support the prosthesis, or the center may be dug or otherwise shaped to accommodate the implant device. FIG. 9 shows the lower portion of an implant device 780 firmly anchored / attached to the bone 740 using the newly grown osseointegration bone 790. The osseointegration bone 790 constitutes a new bone and improves the fixation of the implant 780 to the previously exacerbated bone. Over time, the bone 790 will be further integrated into the outer, locked surface layer of the implant 780.

It should be understood that additional embodiments may exist for use in long bone or external-growth. For example, it may include the growth of bone on the surface of an existing bone skeleton. It will also be appreciated that the various embodiments described herein are useful for the treatment of cracked or broken bone. The filler not only integrates the bones into the damaged site, but also allows soft-tissue attachment to surrounding soft tissues. Various amounts of filler may be formed to form various sizes.

That is, due to the viscosity characteristics, it can be cast or applied to fit a particular embodiment or environment.

Same as the description of the drawing

Claims (29)

Claims 1. A filler for growing and preserving bone, comprising a first material that causes new bone growth in the oral cavity, said first material having a viscosity such that said first material is injected into said cavity to conform to the shape of said cavity Wherein the first material is cured in the cavity after being injected into the cavity. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the second material is injected into the cavity to conform to the shape of the first material and the second material is cured in the cavity after being injected into the cavity. Filler with. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first material comprises a bioceramic material. 3. The method of claim 2,
Characterized in that the second material comprises a polymer. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the polymer is a biodegradable polymer. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the filler enables preservation of the floor when the filler is disposed in the floor of the toothless gum. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the filler enables the growth of the floor when the pillars are disposed on the floor of the toothless gums. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first material comprises at least two materials. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the first material comprises a bioceramic material. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the first material comprises an osteogenic protein.
The filler of claim 1, wherein the first material is formed into a lattice shape configured to allow new bone to grow through the first material when cured. As a bone growth method,
Disposing a first material at an extraction site and placing a second material at the extraction site, wherein the first material is viscous to match the shape of the extraction site,
Wherein the second material is viscous so as to conform to the shape of the first material. 13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein the first material comprises a bio-ceramic material. 13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein the second material comprises a biodegradable polymer. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising: centering an osseointegration bone structure formed in the first material to form an empty space in the bone; Further comprising inserting an implant device into an empty space of the bone. A tooth implant for regrowing damaged or lost interdental papillae,
A body portion including a micropattern of a size such that the cells of the gum are directionally grown in the micropattern; And an anchor portion connected to the body portion for fixing the tooth implant to the jaw of the patient. 17. The method of claim 16,
Wherein the body portion has a triangular shape. 17. The method of claim 16,
Wherein the body portion comprises a coating having the micropattern formed therein. 19. The method of claim 18,
Wherein the coating is a biodegradable polymer. 17. The method of claim 16,
Wherein the micropattern includes one or both of a plurality of bones and a floor. 17. The method of claim 16,
Wherein the micro pattern comprises a plurality of micro-tubes. 17. The method of claim 16,
Wherein the micropattern comprises a plurality of pillars formed in a region of the body portion disposed in the patient's gum line to increase adhesiveness to the body portion of the gum. 23. The method of claim 22,
Wherein the micropattern further comprises any one or a plurality of bone, floor, and microtube disposed in a portion of the body portion configured to extend beyond the gum line. 17. The method of claim 16,
Wherein the anchor portion includes a screw. 17. The method of claim 16,
Wherein the anchor portion includes a plurality of holes through which the bone can be grown through the anchor portion. A method of inserting a tooth implant for regrowing damaged or lost interdental papilla,
A dental implant including a body portion including a micropattern of a size such that the cells of the gum grow directionally in the micropattern and an anchor portion connected to the body portion for fixing the tooth implant to the jaw of the patient, Wherein the anchors are inserted into the jaws of the patient between the two teeth such that the body part is partially located within the gum line and partially extended out of the gum line to an area in which the gums are regrowthable. 27. The method of claim 26,
Wherein the body comprises a coating having a micropattern formed therein. 28. The method of claim 27,
Wherein the coating is a biodegradable polymer. 26. The method of claim 26,
Wherein the micropattern includes one or both of a plurality of bones, a floor, and a microtube. 27. The method of claim 26,
Wherein the micropattern comprises a plurality of pillars disposed in the region of the body to increase adhesiveness of the gums to the body.

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