KR20170082763A - Method and apparatus for controlling random access based on compressed sensing - Google Patents
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- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0078—Timing of allocation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0466—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being a scrambling code
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
- H04W74/0841—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with collision treatment
- H04W74/085—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with collision treatment collision avoidance
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Abstract
A random access control method and apparatus using compression sensing are disclosed. A method for controlling random access using a plurality of user terminals belonging to a base station by using compression sensing includes a sequence matrix including non-orthogonal sequences for identifying each of a plurality of user terminals requesting multiple accesses Assigning a different sequence included in the sequence matrix to each of the plurality of user terminals, generating a sequence corresponding to a preamble requesting random access from at least one of the plurality of user terminals, And transmitting a message indicating that the random access is completed to the user terminal requesting the random access based on the received sequence.
Description
The present invention relates to a technique for avoiding a collision that occurs when a plurality of user terminals make multiple connections in a wireless communication system.
As science and technology change rapidly, the development of science and technology has been applied in daily life environment. Particularly, smart phones, tablet PCs, Bluetooth devices, and the like are contributing to many users, and as users use various terminal devices, the technologies of wireless communication are remarkable. It has made a remarkable development. For example, various wireless communication technologies have been used in fields such as Ubiquitous, M2M (Machine to Machine), and Internet Of Things (IOT).
Particularly, in a wireless communication system, a plurality of user terminals are connected at the same time, and various problems occur in data transmission. For example, as a plurality of terminals simultaneously communicate, the interference signal increases at each terminal. As a result, the size of the transmission signal is received at a relatively low rate as compared with the interference signal and noise. This causes a problem that the probability of success of the information transmission is lowered.
In the IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.16, and IEEE 802.15 based wireless communication systems, there is a high probability that the terminals collide with each other in a contention access interval before data transmission, Occurs. In particular, it is necessary to lower the initial access delay time as much as possible in order to process it according to the importance of the information. For example, IEEE 802.11 reduces initial access delay time based on CSMA / CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Avoid). In other words, it avoids collision by sending a RTS / CTS (Request To Send / Clear To Send) signal before transmitting data. In LTE (Long Term Evolution), a channel to be connected is separated from a channel to which data is transmitted to perform random access, thereby avoiding collision due to multiple access.
In this way, it is possible to avoid some collisions due to multiple accesses using CSMA / CA or RTS / CTS. However, when a large number of user terminals simultaneously access the Internet (IoT) and M2M, There is a limit to avoiding collisions. For example, in the case of LTE, the user terminal arbitrarily selects one of 64 preambles to attempt connection to the base station. At this time, when there are 30 or more user terminals attempting to access at the same time, the probability that the same preamble is selected in each terminal increases. As a result, it is difficult for at least one terminal to avoid a collision, resulting in a long increase in the multiple access delay time.
Therefore, there is a need for a technique for avoiding collision due to multiple access in a wireless communication environment such as Internet of Things, M2M, etc. without using 64 restricted preambles.
The present invention relates to a technique for avoiding collision between terminals even when a large number of user terminals simultaneously request a connection to a base station in a wireless communication environment.
The present invention also relates to a technique for dynamically setting a period of a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), which is a channel for transmitting a preamble from a user terminal to a base station for a connection request, according to the number of users requesting connection will be.
A method for controlling random access using a plurality of user terminals belonging to a base station by using compression sensing includes a sequence matrix including non-orthogonal sequences for identifying each of a plurality of user terminals requesting multiple accesses Assigning a different sequence included in the sequence matrix to each of the plurality of user terminals, generating a sequence corresponding to a preamble requesting random access from at least one of the plurality of user terminals, And transmitting a message indicating that the random access is completed to the user terminal requesting the random access based on the received sequence.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the step of allocating different sequences included in the sequence matrix may allocate a column-by-column sequence to each user terminal among the sequences included in the sequence matrix.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the step of transmitting a message indicating that the random access is completed may include: when a number of terminals simultaneously requesting random access among the plurality of user terminals is less than a predetermined threshold value, The mobile station can determine the terminal that transmitted the preamble requesting the random access.
According to another aspect, each vector included in the sequence matrix may be a random variable following a Gaussian distribution.
According to another aspect, the message indicating that the random access is completed may indicate a Radio Resource Control Connection Setup message.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the step of allocating the different sequences included in the sequence matrix includes: dynamically allocating a time period of a physical random access channel based on the number of user terminals requesting the random access And the step of receiving the sequence corresponding to the preamble may receive the sequence corresponding to the preamble through the physical random access channel.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the step of receiving a sequence corresponding to a preamble requesting the random access may include a step of generating a connection conflict in a user terminal requesting a sequence corresponding to a preamble requesting the random access Accordingly, the user terminal can receive the sequence corresponding to the preamble again after the predetermined backoff time.
A random access control apparatus for controlling random access using compression sensing for a plurality of user terminals includes a sequence matrix including non-orthogonal sequences for identifying each of a plurality of user terminals requesting multiple accesses, A sequence allocator for allocating different sequences included in the sequence matrix to each of the plurality of user terminals, and a preamble for requesting random access from at least one of the plurality of user terminals and an information transmitting and receiving unit for receiving a sequence corresponding to the preamble and transmitting a message indicating that the random access is completed to the user terminal requesting the random access based on the received sequence.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the sequence assignment unit may assign a column-by-column sequence to each user terminal among sequences included in the sequence matrix.
According to another aspect of the present invention, when the number of terminals simultaneously requesting random access among the plurality of user terminals is less than a predetermined threshold value, the information transmitting and receiving unit transmits the random access among a plurality of user terminals based on channel information of the terminal It is possible to determine the terminal that transmitted the requesting preamble.
According to another aspect, the sequence allocating unit dynamically controls a time period of a physical random access channel based on the number of user terminals requesting the random access, and the information transmitting / And can receive the sequence corresponding to the preamble through the random access channel.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the information transmitting and receiving unit may transmit the random access request to the user terminal after requesting a sequence corresponding to a preamble requesting the random access, And the sequence corresponding to the preamble can be received again from the user terminal.
According to embodiments of the present invention, by providing random access using compression sensing, even when a myriad of user terminals simultaneously request a connection to a base station in a wireless communication environment, the probability of collision between terminals due to multiple access is reduced, Thereby reducing the multiple connection processing delay time.
In addition, the present invention dynamically sets a period of a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), which is a channel for transmitting a preamble from a user terminal to a base station for a connection request, according to the number of users requesting connection, Time can be reduced.
1 is a diagram illustrating a plurality of user terminals belonging to a base station and a base station in an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a diagram illustrating LTE random access control between a base station and a plurality of user terminals.
3 is a flowchart provided for explaining an operation of controlling random access using compression sensing, in an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a random access control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a diagram illustrating a network environment in which random access between a base station and a plurality of user terminals is controlled using compression sensing, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present invention relates to a technology for controlling random access using compression sensing. In particular, the present invention utilizes sequences for identifying user terminals using compression sensing rather than performing random access based on CSMA / CA, so that even if a large number of user terminals simultaneously request random access to a base station, To a technique for avoiding collision.
In addition, the present invention does not periodically use a physical random access channel (PRACH), which is a channel for transmitting a preamble, to request random access, but instead uses a PRACH To a technique for dynamically changing the period of a frame.
In embodiments of the present invention, a random access control apparatus that performs random access control using compression sensing so that collision between a plurality of user terminals requesting random access is reduced can be performed by the base station.
1 is a diagram illustrating a plurality of user terminals belonging to a base station and a base station in an embodiment of the present invention. 1, the base station 101 may represent a random access control apparatus.
Referring to FIG. 1, one base station 101 and N user terminals belonging to one base station 101 can configure a wireless network. In FIG. 1, it is assumed that random access control is performed in consideration of a case where K user terminals among N user terminals request a random access connection to the base station 101 at random.
Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) The LTE network environment can be divided into uplink and downlink frequency bands. At this time, the physical random access channel (PRACH) is opened every predetermined period, and user terminals can transmit a random access request request to the base station 101 through the physical random access channel. For example, the base station 101 may transmit a physical random access channel (PRACH) to the N user terminals for every predetermined t p subframe. Here, the physical random access channel (PRACH) has a length of one subframe on the time axis and a bandwidth of 1.08 MHz, that is, 839 subcarriers on the frequency axis.
At this time, in each of the N user terminals,
The random access request intending user terminal transmits a preamble to the nearest physical random access channel (PRACH) and transmits the preamble to the base station 101, It is possible to transmit a wish to make a connection with the base station 101.As shown in FIG. 1, when N user terminals participate in a network, the number of user terminals requesting random access via a specific physical random access channel (PRACH)
Can be expressed as a Poisson distribution having a parameter as a parameter. That is, the K user terminals can request simultaneous random access through the physical random access channel (PRACH) 103 corresponding to the closest time in the current time among the N user terminals. Then, the base station 101 can perform random access control such as resource allocation and RRC (Radio Resource Control) connection completion message transmission to the K user terminals 102 that have transmitted the random access request .
2 is a diagram illustrating LTE random access control between a base station and a plurality of user terminals.
2, in the LTE system, the random access may be configured in four steps (
In
At this time, the
In
For example, when the type of the preamble is determined, the
In
In this case, when two or more user terminals select and use the same preamble, a case may occur in which a plurality of user terminals transmit their RRC connection requests to the
For example, when the
In
In FIG. 2, when more than 30 user terminals among N user terminals simultaneously request random access to the
FIG. 3 is a flowchart provided for explaining an operation of controlling random access using compression sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a configuration of a random access control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.
3 may be performed by the
When an orthogonal sequence, which is a kind of Zadoff-Chu sequence, is used as a preamble, the total number of usable preambles is limited. 3 and 4, the random
In
For example, if the user terminal K of the N user terminals has a preamble sequence of length 839
The channel from the user terminal K to the random
According to Equation (1), the sequence matrix A may include N preamble sequences in which a preamble sequence having a length of 839 is divided into N user terminals. Here, a sequence is divided for each column of the sequence matrix A, and a sequence for each column can be used to identify user terminals. For example, a sequence (S 1,1 ... S 1,839 ) corresponding to
In Equation (1), each vector constituting the sequence matrix A may follow a Gaussian distribution. For example, AK Fletcher, S. Rangan , and VK Goyal , "A sparsity detection framework for on-off random access channels," in Proc . IEEE ISIT, Seoul, Korea, Jun ./ Jul. 2009, pp. 169-173. [3] MJ Wainwright, "Sharp thresholds for high-dimensional and noisy sparsity recovery using l1-constrained quadratic programming," IEEE Trans. Inf . Theory, vol. 55, no. 5, pp. 2183-2202, May 2009. [4] JP Hong, W. Choi , BD . Rao , "Sparsity controlled random multiple access with compressed sensing," IEEE Trans. Wireless Communications, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 998-1010, Feb. Referring to the compression sensing process of 2015 , the
In
For example, the
In
For example, the
In Equation (2), A is a sequence matrix, h * is a vector value as channel information indicating which user terminal transmitted a random access request preamble, w is a vector representing an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) Lt; / RTI >
According to
For example, when the value of h 1 is 0, the
At this time, a predetermined sparsity (k max ), which is a predetermined threshold value in relation to the number of user terminals λ 0 for simultaneously requesting random access, can be defined as
In Equation (3), reference numeral 839 denotes a sequence length, k max denotes a maximum number by which the random access control apparatus separates user terminals, and n denotes a network total user terminal number.
According to Equation (3), when? 0 is not a natural number equal to or greater than 45, that is, a natural number less than 45, the random
In
For example, as described above, the
On the other hand, if the random
5 is a diagram illustrating a network environment in which random access between a base station and a plurality of user terminals is controlled using compression sensing, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
According to FIG. 5, one
Then, the
At this time, if the
For example, if the
That is, the
For example, the
In Equation (4), t p represents a time period in which the physical random access channel (PRACH) is opened, k max is a predetermined threshold value, and λ 0 is the number of random access requests in the user terminal .
The
As described above, the random access control apparatus and method according to the present invention perform random access using non-orthogonal sequences generated using compression sensing, thereby lowering the collision probability to be lower than that of the LTE system, Time can be reduced. In addition, the access delay time can be reduced by dynamically controlling the time period in which the PRACH for the preamble transmission is opened in the user terminal according to the ratio of the number of user terminals that are willing to randomly access among the N total user terminals.
The apparatus described above may be implemented as a hardware component, a software component, and / or a combination of hardware components and software components. For example, the apparatus and components described in the embodiments may be implemented within a computer system, such as, for example, a processor, controller, arithmetic logic unit (ALU), digital signal processor, microcomputer, field programmable array (FPA) A programmable logic unit (PLU), a microprocessor, or any other device capable of executing and responding to instructions. The processing device may execute an operating system (OS) and one or more software applications running on the operating system. The processing device may also access, store, manipulate, process, and generate data in response to execution of the software. For ease of understanding, the processing apparatus may be described as being used singly, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the processing apparatus may have a plurality of processing elements and / As shown in FIG. For example, the processing apparatus may comprise a plurality of processors or one processor and one controller. Other processing configurations are also possible, such as a parallel processor.
The software may include a computer program, code, instructions, or a combination of one or more of the foregoing, and may be configured to configure the processing device to operate as desired or to process it collectively or collectively Device can be commanded. The software and / or data may be in the form of any type of machine, component, physical device, virtual equipment, computer storage media, or device , Or may be permanently or temporarily embodied in a transmitted signal wave. The software may be distributed over a networked computer system and stored or executed in a distributed manner. The software and data may be stored on one or more computer readable recording media.
The method according to an embodiment may be implemented in the form of a program command that can be executed through various computer means and recorded in a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, and the like, alone or in combination. The program instructions to be recorded on the medium may be those specially designed and configured for the embodiments or may be available to those skilled in the art of computer software. Examples of computer-readable media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tape; optical media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs; magnetic media such as floppy disks; Magneto-optical media, and hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include machine language code such as those produced by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware devices described above may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the embodiments, and vice versa.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. For example, it is to be understood that the techniques described may be performed in a different order than the described methods, and / or that components of the described systems, structures, devices, circuits, Lt; / RTI > or equivalents, even if it is replaced or replaced.
Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims are also within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (14)
Generating a sequence matrix including non-orthogonal sequences for identifying each of a plurality of user terminals requesting a multiple access;
Assigning a different sequence included in the sequence matrix to each of the plurality of user terminals;
Receiving a sequence corresponding to a preamble requesting random access from at least one terminal among the plurality of user terminals; And
Transmitting a message indicating that the random access is completed to the user terminal requesting the random access based on the received sequence
The random access control method comprising:
Wherein the assigning of the different sequences included in the sequence matrix comprises:
Assigning a sequence for each column among the sequences included in the sequence matrix to each user terminal
And a random access control method using the compression sensing.
Wherein the step of transmitting a message indicating that the random access is completed comprises:
If the number of terminals requesting random access at the same time is less than a predetermined threshold value, the terminal that transmitted the preamble requesting the random access among the plurality of user terminals is determined based on the channel information of the terminal that
And a random access control method using the compression sensing.
Each vector included in the sequence matrix is a random variable following a Gaussian distribution
And a random access control method using the compression sensing.
The message indicating that the random access is completed,
RRC connection setup (Radio Resource Control Connection Setup) message
And a random access control method using the compression sensing.
Wherein the assigning of the different sequences included in the sequence matrix comprises:
A time period of a physical random access channel is dynamically controlled based on the number of user terminals requesting the random access,
Wherein the step of receiving the sequence corresponding to the preamble comprises:
And receiving a sequence corresponding to the preamble through the physical random access channel
And a random access control method using the compression sensing.
Wherein the step of receiving the sequence corresponding to the preamble requesting the random access comprises:
When a connection collision occurs in a user terminal requesting a sequence corresponding to a preamble requesting the random access, a sequence corresponding to the preamble is re-transmitted from the corresponding user terminal after a predetermined backoff time Receiving
And a random access control method using the compression sensing.
A matrix generator for generating a sequence matrix including non-orthogonal sequences for identifying each of a plurality of user terminals requesting a multiple access;
A sequence allocator for allocating different sequences included in the sequence matrix to each of the plurality of user terminals; And
Receiving a sequence corresponding to a preamble requesting random access from at least one terminal of the plurality of user terminals and transmitting a message indicating that random access is completed to a user terminal requesting random access based on the received sequence The information transmission /
The random access control apparatus comprising:
Wherein the sequence allocator includes:
Assigning a sequence for each column among the sequences included in the sequence matrix to each user terminal
And a random access control device using the compression sense.
The information transmission /
If the number of terminals requesting random access at the same time is less than a predetermined threshold value, the terminal that transmitted the preamble requesting the random access among the plurality of user terminals is determined based on the channel information of the terminal that
And a random access control device using the compression sense.
Each vector included in the sequence matrix is a random variable following a Gaussian distribution
And a random access control device using the compression sense.
The message indicating that the random access is completed,
RRC connection setup (Radio Resource Control Connection Setup) message
And a random access control device using the compression sense.
Wherein the sequence allocator includes:
A time period of a physical random access channel is dynamically controlled based on the number of user terminals requesting the random access,
The information transmission /
And receiving a sequence corresponding to the preamble through the physical random access channel
And a random access control device using the compression sense.
The information transmission /
When a connection collision occurs in a user terminal requesting a sequence corresponding to a preamble requesting the random access, a sequence corresponding to the preamble is re-transmitted from the corresponding user terminal after a predetermined backoff time Receiving
And a random access control device using the compression sense.
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