KR20170080896A - Horticulture light apparatus and a control method capable of controlling the amount of light needed by crops - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a lighting apparatus for growing a plant, and more particularly, to a lighting apparatus for growing a plant, and more particularly, And a method of controlling the same.
According to the present invention, since the light amount of the artificial light used in the cultivation of the crop in the greenhouse or the plant plant is controlled so as to be suitable for each crop, maximization of the plant growth by promoting the growth of the target plant shortens the cultivation period of the cultivated crop Despite the effects of the seasonal environment and the surrounding environment, many harvests can be expected and economic benefits can be obtained.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lighting apparatus and a control method thereof,

The present invention relates to a lighting apparatus for growing a plant, and more particularly, to a lighting apparatus for growing a plant, and more particularly, And a method of controlling the same.

As is well known, plants are photosynthetic organisms, so they grow through photosynthesis activities using light.

In this case, photosynthesis means 'synthesis using light', meaning that photosynthetic organisms use light as energy when synthesizing organic materials.

More specifically, photosynthesis refers to the synthesis of glucose with carbon dioxide and water using light energy. Such photosynthesis is classified into an optical response (light-induced oxidation) that requires light and a dark reaction that does not require light, , The light energy is converted into ATP and NADPH ₂ to supply energy, inorganic phosphoric acid, reducing power and hydrogen to the dark circulation circuit of the dark reaction, and the dark reaction is the synthesis of glucose in the chloroplast stroma using the ATP and NADPH ₂ , Energy is obtained.

In addition, plant cells produce a large amount of ATP, which is chemical energy, by decomposing glucose through cytoplasm and mitochondria through a corresponding process, TCA circuit, and chemical osmotic phosphorylation. The free energy of ATP is 7.3 kcal / mole, The energy required for growth can be efficiently obtained.

Among these photosynthetic processes, length of day and photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) are the most influential factors for nutritional growth and reproductive growth of plants. Growth is different.

In addition, the plants are photosynthetic in the 380 ~ 760nm region including the visible light region, and the radiation energy in the wavelength range where photosynthesis occurs is called photosynthetically active radion (PAR) And the photosynthetic effective photon quantities are different.

Therefore, since greenhouses and plant factories often do not utilize sunlight directly, it is very important to secure the light necessary for crop growth, and artificial lighting is utilized in this case.

However, it is a reality that the artificial lighting which is being started can be provided as a part of a plant factory control system in which ON-OFF control using a simple ON-OFF operation or ON-OFF using a timer method is mainly used or a large cost is invested In the poor rural environment, it is difficult to utilize it easily and its utilization rate is low.

Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1526676 (2015.06.01.) 'Lighting method for plant cultivation' Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1317343 (Apr. 20, 2013) 'Lighting Control Device for Plant Growth for Improvement of Light Quality of Discharge Lamp' Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1191618 (Oct. 10, 2012) 'Plant cultivation system and method using LED lighting, LED lighting apparatus for plant cultivation and driving method thereof'

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems in the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a lighting apparatus and a lighting apparatus, The present invention provides a lighting device for plant cultivation and a control method thereof that can optimize the growth of crops by controlling the light quantity, wavelength, have.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a microprocessor comprising: a control unit; A sensor unit for detecting growth of a crop and PPFD irradiated from a light source and transmitting the detected PPFD to the control unit; A communication unit for communication between the control unit and the sensor unit; A display for displaying various statuses or setting values including the control status of the control unit, the detection status of the sensor unit, A power supply unit for supplying power for signal processing including the control unit; And a lighting unit connected to the power supply unit and configured to irradiate light according to a control signal of the control unit, the apparatus comprising: Wherein the illumination unit comprises an LED lamp installed at an interval in a space right above a crop in a space in which a crop is being cultivated; Wherein the sensor unit comprises a guide bar vertically erected so as to have a longer length than when the crop grows in a space between the crops, and a sensor for detecting the PPFD irradiated from the LED lamp, the height of which is raised and lowered along the guide bar; And a photosensor provided with light emitting units and light receiving units at intervals on both sides of the crop to detect the upper end of the crop grown to the highest height, and the control unit adjusts the position of the sensor and the PPFD. And a lighting device for plant cultivation.

At this time, the LED lamp is restrained to the horizontal fixing table, and the horizontal fixing table is configured to be raised or lowered by a vertical guide provided on the outer side of the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion.

The lighting unit includes a plurality of power drives connected to a power control unit constituting the power supply unit, and a plurality of LED lamps driven through the power drive, wherein the power drive is included in the control unit, ), And a time controller which is a timer.

According to another aspect of the present invention, A second step of inputting illumination information; A third step of returning to the first step if it is confirmed that the artificial light is to be applied; A fourth step of performing illumination control with a set initial value when the execution is permitted through the third step; A sensor detecting step of detecting a key according to the growth of the crop and the irradiated PPFD simultaneously with the fourth step; It is determined whether to change the condition according to the detected information value received through the sensor detecting step during the illumination control according to the predetermined condition. If it is necessary to change the condition, the process returns to the fourth step, step; And a sixth step of providing illumination if the condition does not need to be changed in the fifth step. The present invention also provides a control method of a lighting apparatus for plant cultivation capable of adjusting a required light amount for each crop.

According to the present invention, since the light amount of artificial light used for cultivation of crops in a greenhouse or a plant plant is controlled so as to be suitable for each crop, it is possible to shorten the cultivation period of the cultivated crop by maximizing the plant growth by promoting the growth of the target plant Despite the effects of the seasonal environment and the surrounding environment, many harvests can be expected and economic benefits can be obtained.

In addition, based on the growth data secured for each crop, it is possible to utilize the light with which the light quantity and the wavelength range are automatically adjusted for the cultivation of the crop, thereby providing convenience to the user and switching to the automatic mode and the manual mode It is possible to control the lighting appropriately according to the situation, and it is very easy to cope with the unexpected situation.

In addition, in the harsh environment of rural areas, it is possible to supply the selective illumination control device for each crop at a low cost, and it is possible to develop the related industrial field.

FIG. 1 is an exemplary block diagram of a plant lighting apparatus capable of adjusting a required light amount for each crop according to the present invention.
2 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of a lighting unit in the configuration according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an exemplary view showing the appearance of a controller constituting an illumination device for plant cultivation in which the required light amount for each crop according to the present invention can be adjusted.
FIG. 4 is an exemplary view showing an example of the installation of a sensor unit constituting an illumination device for plant cultivation in which the required light quantity for each crop according to the present invention can be adjusted.
FIG. 5 is a view showing another example of a sensor unit constituting a lighting apparatus for plant cultivation in which the required light quantity for each crop according to the present invention can be adjusted.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing a control method of a lighting apparatus for plant cultivation according to the present invention, in which the required light amount for each crop can be adjusted.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Before describing the present invention, the following specific structural or functional descriptions are merely illustrative for the purpose of describing an embodiment according to the concept of the present invention, and embodiments according to the concept of the present invention may be embodied in various forms, And should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described herein.

In addition, since the embodiments according to the concept of the present invention can make various changes and have various forms, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail herein. However, it should be understood that the embodiments according to the concept of the present invention are not intended to limit the present invention to specific modes of operation, but include all modifications, equivalents and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

1, a lighting apparatus for plant cultivation capable of adjusting the required light amount of each crop according to the present invention includes a control unit 100, a communication unit 200, a sensor unit 300, a display unit 400, a power source unit 500 And an illumination unit 600.

The control unit 100 is a type of microprocessor, and includes a computing module including a CPU and a memory for computing a lighting time and a light amount input by a user, and a converter module for converting a calculation result value into a voltage and a current amount for output .

In addition, the lighting apparatus according to the present invention supports the user to operate in an automatic mode or a manual mode according to the cultivation scene situation, and each module is manufactured in a PCB form.

The communication unit 200 is basically a LAN system and performs a real time feedback to the control unit 100 of a signal received from the sensor unit 300 and also provides a signal between the control unit 100 and the power unit 500 It is the part used for processing.

In addition, the sensor unit 300 transmits the measured value of the photosynthetic effective light quantity (PPFD) to the controller 100 through the communication unit 200 in real time.

Also, the power supply unit 400 performs a function of distributing the main power of the lighting apparatus according to the present invention and the necessary power for each part.

Further, the display unit 500 includes an LCD module, a power indicator lamp, and an operation indicator lamp that display information input by a user and result values obtained by operating the information.

Lastly, the illumination unit 600 includes an LED lamp, and emits artificial light at a light amount adjusted according to a control signal of the controller 100. FIG.

2, the lighting unit 600 includes a plurality of power drives 610 connected to the power control unit 510 included in the power unit 500, and a plurality of power drivers 610, And an LED lamp 620.

Here, the power drive 610 is controlled by a PPFD controller 110 and a time controller 120 included in the controller 100, and the PPFD controller 110 controls the mall of the LED lamp 620 mol), and the time controller 120 is a means for controlling the lighting time of the LED lamp 620 as a kind of timer.

The power drive 610 is a means for outputting and driving the LED lamp 620 by a mol amount set by the controller 100. In this case, ) Type is preferable.

In addition, it is preferable that the sensor unit 300 of each of the above configurations uses an illuminance sensor, and it is required to match the measured value with the illuminance required for each crop.

This is because it is impossible to accurately calculate the required light amount only by the illuminance value detected by the illuminance sensor. In order to do this, it is necessary to collect information on the required light amount for each crop.

Information on the amount of light required for each crop is given in the following article: "Growth Response and Introductions of Indoor Landscape Plants by Fluorescent Light and Natural Light Intensity", Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 2005, "Evaluation of Light Intensity and Uniformity of LED for Facility Cultivation" ), And the value is secured, and a matching operation is performed so as to associate the relationship between the measured value and the measured value of the illuminance sensor, so that the control can be performed through the control unit 100 on the basis of the matching value.

For example, the amount of light associated with photosynthesis of a plant is generally expressed in units of photosynthetic effective photon quantities (PPFD). For reference, an example of illustrating the optimal lightning point of several plants, (Μmol · m ^-2 · s ^-1 ) for tomatoes and watermelons, 302 (μmol · m ^-2 · s ^-1 ) for lettuce, 121 (μmol · m ^-2 · s ^-1 ) for egg species, ), And ginseng is 145 (μmol ㆍ m ^-2 ㆍ s ^{- 1} ) (Lee, SU 2010. Crop production using plant plant and LED artificial light, Optical Science and Technology 4 (3): 12-19).

Therefore, the PPFD corresponding to the illuminance value can be calculated based on the illuminance value and the growth rate of each plant (crop) according to the illumination time, and PPFD can be supplied according to the growth period of each plant . However, such an arithmetic part is a part that can be automatically performed by the program, and in the present invention, it is a concept of using it as it is, but since it is not a feature or an object of the invention itself, the algorithm for deriving the relation between illumination value and PPFD A detailed description thereof will be omitted.

kind PPFD (μmol · m ^-2 · s ^-1 ) Lighting time (h / day) Tomato, watermelon 843 12 lettuce 302 16 I 121 8 Ginseng 145 10

Therefore, it is possible to control the amount of artificial light used for cultivation of crops in greenhouses or plant factories to be suitable for each crop, thereby promoting the growth of the target plants and maximizing the plant growth, Despite seasonal environmental and environmental impacts, many harvests can be expected and economic benefits can be gained.

In addition, it is possible to provide convenience to the user by utilizing the lighting in which the light quantity and the wavelength range are automatically adjusted based on the growth data secured for each crop, for crop cultivation.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the control panel CT for controlling the lighting device according to the present invention is designed to control the PPFD in three stages, so that it is desirable to design the PPFD so that the detailed control can be optimized for each growth rate of the crop.

It is necessary to investigate different amounts of light depending on the growth rate of crops, so that when irradiated with a predetermined amount of light without varying the amount of light, the amount of light will be too large and the leaf of the crop will be twisted.

For example, if the cost of the crop is low, the damage is not great. However, if the ginseng is torn and discarded, the damage will be prevented.

To this end, in the present invention, as in the form of the control panel CT shown in Fig. 3, the step display section ST indicated by three steps, the operation display section DR indicated by three steps, (DT).

Needless to say, it is needless to say that the step may be further subdivided if more detailed adjustment is necessary, as a preferred example is merely illustrative of the three steps.

In this case, the step display unit ST can display and control the amount of light to be controlled, that is, the amount of mol, in a stepwise manner, and can control the amount of light to be irradiated through the step display unit ST . For example, when a control knob or an adjustment button is provided and the control knob is allocated from the controller 100, the light amount itself can be set or changed by operating the knob or button.

The operation display section DR displays the current state, and it is possible to immediately check whether the adjustment is necessary or not, whether the error is present or not, and the operation time display section DT displays the operation time and directly confirms the time control. .

Of course, in this case, a separate knob or button may be assigned to adjust or set the operating time.

For example, in the case of the time setting, the first stage is set to operate from 07:00 to 11:00, the second stage is set to operate from 11:00 to 15:00, and the third stage is set from 15:00 to 19:00 You can set it up to run.

In this way, it is possible to individually control the light quantity, the operation condition and the operation time, and to provide the PPFD suitable for the optimal growth condition for each crop, so that the crop of the highest quality can be cultivated in the shortest period.

Meanwhile, since the crop continues to grow, the sensor unit 300 and the illumination unit 600 can be configured as follows to construct a system for automatically detecting and controlling the PPFD corresponding to the growth rate of the crop.

The most ideal method is to detect the growth rate of the crop by detecting the top of the key of the crop. At this time, the amount of light to be irradiated, that is, PPFD is detected to vary the PPFD according to the growth rate.

4, a bar-type LED lamp 620 constituting the illumination unit 600 is installed at a distance from the cropping space of the crop growing space, and light is irradiated downward A light source is provided.

A guide bar GB having a length longer than that when the crop grows is installed in a space between the crops, and a sensor S is installed on the guide bar GB so as to be raised and lowered.

At this time, the sensor S may be an illuminance sensor, and the controller 100 may be configured to detect the illuminance value and to know the PPFD corresponding to the illuminance value detected from the table value of the database information.

Of course, this is not a problem if you have a sensor that can directly detect PPFD.

The means for raising and lowering the sensor S may be a ball screw type commonly known in the art or a variety of methods such as a pulley, a pulley, and a gear.

In addition, a photo sensor, that is, a light emitting unit PH1 and a light receiving unit PH2 are provided on both sides of the crop with an interval.

In this case, the light emitting unit PH1 and the light receiving unit PH2 may be provided so as to face each other only on a part of a long length planted with the crop, so that the growth of the crop can be detected by a sampling method. The PH1 and the PH2 may be formed in a long plate-like shape so as to face each other to detect the growth of crops over a large area.

When the light emitted from the light emitting unit PH1 reaches the light receiving unit PH2, it is determined that there is no crop. At this time, if the light does not reach the light receiving unit PH2, it is determined that there is a crop, This can be an error if light passes through the stem without passing through it.

Therefore, by designing the point where the light is received at the highest position among those not receiving light as the key of the crop, the growth of the crop can be easily detected.

Based on this information, the sensor S is raised in accordance with the key height of the crop, and the PPFD irradiated from the light source is detected, so that the accurate PPFD irradiation becomes possible.

That is, comparing the key height information of the crop with the PPFD detected and converted by the sensor (S), the PPFD table value (stored in DB as a reference value) corresponding to the crop growth is compared and if the PPFD is small, The light amount is increased or the light irradiation time is increased, and if the light amount is increased, the light amount is controlled to be decreased.

In other words, it can be adjusted until it coincides with the reference value.

This allows PPFD to be optimized for growing crops, allowing high quality crops to be cultivated in the shortest amount of time.

The reason for detecting the PPFD by matching the sensor S to the uppermost one of the crops is as follows. As described above, if the light amount is more than necessary, the sensor S will die, If at least the smaller crops are not dying, even if the amount of light is insufficient.

As another example, as shown in Fig. 5, the LED lamp 620 may be modified to rise and fall for PPFD adjustment.

To this end, the LED lamp 620 is constrained to the horizontal fixing table HF, and the horizontal fixing table HF can be configured to ascend or descend via the vertical guide VG, Various known types such as an LM guide or a motor-pulley-belt or a motor-ball screw type can be applied.

The present invention having such a configuration is controlled in the following manner.

First, a first step (S100) of inputting the type of crop to use the lighting device according to the present invention is performed.

In the first step S100, the type of the crop is clarified so that the PPFD to be supplied according to the growth rate for each crop can be optimally provided.

In this case, the optimum value of the PPFD, that is, the reference value is stored in the memory of the control unit 100 constituting the lighting apparatus of the present invention or on a separately managed DB.

Next, a second step (S200) of inputting the illumination information is performed.

The second step S200 is for precise control by checking the characteristics of illumination, i.e., the light source.

Thereafter, a third step (S300) of confirming the execution is performed.

The third step S300 is a step of determining whether to output the PPFD as a crop based on the information obtained in the first and second steps S100 and S200.

If the operation is rejected through the third step S300 (for example, when an operation error is input again), the operation returns to the first step S100, and if the operation is permitted, the fourth step S400 ).

In this case, the fourth step S400 is a step of irradiating light through the LED lamp 620 in accordance with the set conditions, and the sensor detection step S700 is simultaneously performed.

The sensor detection step S700 determines whether or not the PPFD optimized for the key matches the PPFD detected by the sensor S, and determines whether to change the lighting control condition It is a very important step to build.

Then, a fifth step S500 of judging whether or not the condition is changed is performed.

The fifth step S500 is a step of determining whether to change the condition according to the detected information value received through the sensor detection step S700 during the illumination control according to the predetermined condition, The process returns to the fourth step S400 and the light amount inspection is performed under the changed condition.

On the other hand, if the condition change is not necessary, the sixth step S600 of providing illumination is performed.

As described above, the present invention provides a PPFD in an optimal state in accordance with the growth of a crop, thereby enabling a crop to be cultivated in a shortest period of time with a high quality. Moreover, the plant is easy to install and easy to install, As well.

100: control unit 200: communication unit
300: sensor unit 400: display unit
500: power supply unit 600:

Claims (4)

A control unit that is a microprocessor; A sensor unit for detecting growth of a crop and PPFD irradiated from a light source and transmitting the detected PPFD to the control unit; A communication unit for communication between the control unit and the sensor unit; A display for displaying various statuses or setting values including the control status of the control unit, the detection status of the sensor unit, A power supply unit for supplying power for signal processing including the control unit; And a lighting unit connected to the power supply unit and configured to irradiate light according to a control signal of the control unit, the apparatus comprising:
Wherein the illumination unit comprises an LED lamp installed at an interval in a space right above a crop in a space in which a crop is being cultivated;
Wherein the sensor unit comprises a guide bar vertically erected so as to have a longer length than when the crop grows in a space between the crops, and a sensor for detecting the PPFD irradiated from the LED lamp, the height of which is raised and lowered along the guide bar;
And a photosensor provided with light emitting units and light receiving units at intervals on both sides of the crop to detect the upper end of the crop grown to the highest height so that the control unit adjusts the position of the sensor and the PPFD. Lighting equipment for plant cultivation.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the LED lamp is restrained on a horizontal fixing table and the horizontal fixing table is configured to be lifted or lowered on a vertical guide provided on each of the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion.
The method according to claim 1,
The lighting unit includes a plurality of power drives connected to a power control unit constituting the power supply unit, and a plurality of LED lamps driven through the power drive, wherein the power drive is included in the control unit, And a time controller, which is a timer. The lighting device for plant cultivation is capable of controlling the required light amount for each crop.
A first step of inputting a kind of crop for artificial illumination;
A second step of inputting illumination information;
A third step of returning to the first step if it is confirmed that the artificial light is to be applied;
A fourth step of performing illumination control with a set initial value when the execution is permitted through the third step;
A sensor detecting step of detecting a key according to the growth of the crop and the irradiated PPFD simultaneously with the fourth step;
It is determined whether to change the condition according to the detected information value received through the sensor detecting step during the illumination control according to the predetermined condition. If it is necessary to change the condition, the process returns to the fourth step, step;
And a sixth step of providing illumination if a condition change is not required in the fifth step. The control method of a lighting apparatus for a plant cultivation according to any one of the preceding claims,

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