KR20170060382A

KR20170060382A - Plasma nozzle

Info

Publication number: KR20170060382A
Application number: KR1020150164785A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 이대훈; 송영훈; 김관태; 변성현; 조성권
Original assignee: 한국기계연구원
Priority date: 2015-11-24
Filing date: 2015-11-24
Publication date: 2017-06-01
Also published as: KR101779984B1

Abstract

It is an object of the present invention to provide an atomizing liquid and an atomizing atomizing gas which are atomized by a hydrodynamic mechanical atomization, and to provide an electric and thermal function through a plasma arc to improve the atomization and atomization characteristics of the fluid while maintaining the shape and function of the conventional nozzle. And to provide a plasma nozzle that can be used as a plasma nozzle. A plasma nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing having an inner space formed therein and electrically grounded and having an outer nozzle formed on one side thereof, A discharge gap is formed between the inner nozzle for spraying the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas and the inner surface of the housing which is mounted on the outer periphery of the inner nozzle through the first insulating member and through the through hole, And an electrode for generating a plasma arc with a voltage and an operating gas that is introduced into the outer nozzle by applying electric and thermal functions to the atomizing target liquid and the atomizing action gas to be injected.

Description

Plasma Nozzle {PLASMA NOZZLE}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a plasma nozzle, and more particularly, to a plasma nozzle that applies a plasma arc to an atomizing target liquid and an atomizing action gas to be sprayed, thereby improving atomization and atomization characteristics of the fluid.

Generally, a plasma reaction apparatus includes a reaction chamber electrically grounded and an electrode provided in a reaction chamber through an insulating portion to form a discharge gap.

The plasma reaction apparatus is configured to generate plasma between the electrode and the reaction chamber to discharge the plasma flame to the reaction chamber when the fuel and air are supplied into the reaction chamber and the driving voltage is applied to the electrode.

On the other hand, a general fluid injection nozzle has only a hydrodynamic mechanical injection function, and mixes and atomizes the object liquid and the atomizing action gas by an external mixing method or an internal mixing method.

Since such a fluid injection nozzle relies solely on hydrodynamic mechanical injection, it can not effectively evaporate the liquid to be atomized, making evaporation acceleration difficult to implement, and can limit the diffusion of liquid to be atomized.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an atomizing liquid and an atomizing atomizing gas which are atomized by a hydrodynamic mechanical atomization, and to provide an electric and thermal function through a plasma arc to improve the atomization and atomization characteristics of the fluid while maintaining the shape and function of the conventional nozzle. And to provide a plasma nozzle that can be used as a plasma nozzle.

A plasma nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing having an inner space formed therein and electrically grounded and having an outer nozzle formed on one side thereof, A discharge gap is formed between the inner nozzle for spraying the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas and the inner surface of the housing which is mounted on the outer periphery of the inner nozzle through the first insulating member and through the through hole, And an electrode for generating a plasma arc with a voltage and an operating gas that is introduced into the outer nozzle by applying electric and thermal functions to the atomizing target liquid and the atomizing action gas to be injected.

A plasma nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a through hole in a side wall of the housing, a through hole penetrating through a second insulating member, and an electrode electrically connected to the electrode outside the housing And may further include a connecting member.

The electrode connection member may be screwed to the outside of the electrode.

The discharge gap may be set between the end of the through-hole in the electrode and the inner surface of the outer nozzle.

The inner nozzle may be coupled to the through hole of the electrode, and the end of the inner nozzle may be arranged to be retracted by a first distance set at the end of the electrode.

Wherein the inner nozzle has an outer tubular body inserted into the through hole and an inner tubular body spaced apart from the outer tubular body to form a first passage therein and forming a second passage between the outer tubular body and the outer tubular body, .

The outer tubular body and the inner tubular body may form the same end portion in the through-hole.

Wherein the inner tubular body further includes a communication port communicating with the outer tubular body, the inner tubular body projecting further by a second distance than the outer tubular body in the through-hole, and having an injection port toward the outer nozzle, It can be sealed in the sphere.

As described above, according to one embodiment of the present invention, an inner nozzle is provided in an inner space of a housing to be grounded, and an electrode is provided outside the inner nozzle, and a drive voltage is applied to the electrode in a state where the housing is grounded A plasma arc can be generated in the gas.

The plasma arc generated between the housing and the electrode acts on the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas that is atomized and injected from the inner nozzle to impart electric and thermal functions to the mixture of the atomizing action liquid and the atomizing action gas. Thus, the plasma arc can be injected into the outer nozzle of the housing together with the atomizing liquid and the atomizing action gas which have been subjected to the electric and thermal functions.

At this time, the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas, that is, the fluid is firstly injected from the inner nozzle and atomized, is further evaporated while having electric and thermal functions while passing through the thermal space by the plasma arc, and is sprayed, atomized and evaporated The evaporation can be further accelerated by the second injection from the outer nozzle.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a plasma nozzle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the inner nozzle of the external mixing type applied to FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view of a plasma nozzle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the inner nozzle of the external mixing method applied to FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and the same or similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the specification.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a plasma nozzle according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, the plasma nozzle 1 of the first embodiment includes a housing 10, an inner nozzle 20, and an electrode 30.

The inner nozzle 20 primarily fluidizes the fluid, i.e., the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas in a hydrodynamic mechanical configuration, and the housing 10 and the electrode 30 generate a plasma arc and an arc jet, 10) atomizes the liquid and the atomizing action gas, which are primarily atomized, by injecting them in the second order.

Plasma arc and arc jet provide electrical and thermal functions to primarily atomized liquid and atomizing gas. At this time, the atomized liquid and the atomizing action gas, which are firstly injected through the inner nozzle 20, pass the thermal space formed by the plasma arc and the arc jet, which are set between the electrode 30 and the housing 10, And is further evaporated while being given.

The housing 10 has an outer nozzle 11 on one side. The thermal energy of the plasma arc in the process of generating the plasma arc is concentrated in a narrow space between the electrode 30 and the outer nozzle 11 to form a very high temperature condition. Accordingly, the atomizing target liquid and the atomizing action gas passing through the plasma arc generating space between the electrode 30 and the outer nozzle 11 receive the thermal energy of the plasma arc. Therefore, the liquid to be atomized rapidly evaporates. When a plasma arc is generated by a DC power source, the liquid to be atomized charged with a uniform polarity is more effectively dispersed in the course of passing through the outer nozzle 11 due to the electric repulsive force, and the evaporation effect can be further enhanced. As described above, the outer nozzle 11 of the housing 10 secondarily injects the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas in a state of being able to increase the evaporation effect of the liquid to be atomized by effective dispersion of the liquid to be atomized. The external nozzle 11 can further accelerate the evaporation of the atomized liquid while the secondary nozzle is injected by the effect of the plasma nozzle.

As described above, the plasma nozzle 1 of the first embodiment applies a plasma arc and an arc jet to the primary-atomized liquid and the atomizing action gas by the inner nozzle 20, thereby applying an electric and thermal function to the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas And to improve atomization and atomization characteristics of the fluid due to the secondary injection.

Specifically, the housing 10 forms an internal space S to be electrically grounded, and forms an external nozzle 11 on one side. The internal space S provides an installation space for the internal nozzle 20 and the electrode 30. The liquid and the atomizing action gas to be atomized which are firstly injected from the internal nozzle 20 are injected into a thermal space .

The outer nozzle 11 is formed of a nozzle by reducing one side of the inner space S, and by spraying the atomizing target liquid and the atomizing action gas, which have been given electric and thermal functions, to accelerate the evaporation of the fluid, . &Lt; / RTI >

The inner nozzle 20 is fixed to the housing 10 on the opposite side of the outer nozzle 11 and is disposed in the inner space S. At this time, the housing 10 is sealed by the sealing member 12 on the opposite side of the outer nozzle 11. When the inner nozzle 20 is a conductor, the sealing member 12 may be formed of an insulating material.

That is, the inner nozzle 20 has one side opening at the outside of the housing 10 to introduce fluid, that is, the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas, and the injection end is disposed in the inner space S, To the inner space (S).

The electrode 30 is electrically insulated from the outer periphery of the inner nozzle 20 through the first insulating member 21 and the inner nozzle 20 is attached to the inner through hole 31. [ The electrode 30 forms a discharge gap G with a predetermined gap with the inner surface of the opposing housing 10. A driving voltage (HV) is applied to the electrode (30).

The discharge gap G is set between the end of the through hole 31 in the electrode 30 and the inner surface of the outer nozzle 11. The inner nozzle 20 is coupled to the through hole 31 of the electrode 30 and the end of the inner nozzle 20 is connected to a first distance D1 set at the end of the electrode 30, ).

The atomized gas injected from the inner nozzle 20 is injected into the through hole 31 of the electrode 30 and passes through the through hole 31 by the first distance D1 to pass through the through hole 31 (S) of the housing (10).

When a driving voltage HV is applied to the electrode 30 in a state where the housing 10 is grounded, a plasma arc and an arc jet are generated in the discharge gap G using the working gas supplied to the discharge gap G as medium do.

The plasma arc and the arc jet are atomized when the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas are discharged from the through-hole 31 and flow into the external nozzle 11, that is, at a distance corresponding to the discharge gap G It is possible to impart electrical and thermal functions to the liquid and atomizing gas.

The inner nozzle 20 and the through-hole 31 of the electrode 30 cause additional evaporation by the thermal function of the plasma arc and arc jet by discharging the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas into a spatially concentrated thermal space.

On the other hand, the housing 10 is provided with a supply port 13 on the opposite side of the outer nozzle 11, so that the operating gas can be supplied to the inner space S and the discharge gap G. [ For example, the supply port 13 may be inclined at an angle with respect to the circumferential direction of the inner circumferential surface of the housing 10 so as to supply the operating gas in the circumferential direction of the housing 10 so that the plasma arc and arc jet .

The housing 10 is provided with a chamber 14 on the outer periphery of the supply port 13 to uniformly control the flow rate and flow of the working gas supplied to the inner space S through the plurality of supply ports 13 have.

Since the electrode 30 is provided on the inner nozzle 20 via the first insulating member 21, the electrode connecting member 32 is used as a means for applying a driving voltage to the electrode 30. [ The electrode connecting member 32 is mounted to the through hole 15 provided in the side wall of the housing 10 with the second insulating member 16 interposed therebetween.

The electrode connecting member 32 is electrically connected to the electrode 30. The electrode connecting member 32 is inserted into the housing 10 through the through hole 15 and screwed to the outside of the electrode 30. [ Substantially, the driving voltage HV is connected to the electrode connecting member 32.

2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the inner nozzle of the external mixing type applied to FIG. 2, the inner nozzle 20 includes an outer tubular body 24 to be inserted into the through hole 31 of the electrode 30 and an inner tubular body 25 to be spaced apart from the inside of the outer tubular body 24 do.

In the inner nozzle 20, the inner tube 25 forms a first passage P1 on the inner side and forms a second passage P2 between the outer tube 24 and the inner tube. That is, the inner nozzle 20 can inject the liquid to be atomized into the first passage P1 and atomize the atomizing action gas into the second passage P2.

The inner nozzle 20 injects the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas to the outside of the inner nozzle 20 and causes the liquid to be atomized to be atomized by the collision between the atomizing target liquid and the atomizing action gas at the injected outside.

The inner nozzle 20 injects the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas into the through hole 31 of the electrode 30 so that the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas collide with each other in the through hole 31 Thereby causing atomization of the liquid to be atomized.

The outer tubular body 24 and the inner tubular body 25 form the same end portion in the through-hole 31 of the electrode 30. [ The atomizing target liquid and the atomizing action gas supplied to the first and second passages P1 and P2 of the inner and outer tubes 25 and 24 are firstly injected into the through hole 31 and atomized.

The primary atomized atomizing liquid and the atomizing atomizing gas are discharged to the through hole 31 of the electrode 30 and are given electric and thermal functions while passing through the plasma arc and arc jet generated in the discharge gap G, Is injected through the outer nozzle (11) of the nozzle (10). The secondary injection further atomizes the liquid to be atomized and accelerates the evaporation of the atomized object liquid.

Meanwhile, plasma arc and arc jet may be generated through various power supply devices such as alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC). When the plasma arc and arc jet are generated through the DC power supply, the electric field can further realize the charge and electric dispersion effect of the particles in the atomized gas.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below. The description of the same configuration as that of the first embodiment will be omitted and different configurations will be described.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a plasma nozzle according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of an inner nozzle of an internal mixing method applied to FIG. 3 and 4, when the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas are supplied to the first and second passages P21 and P22, respectively, the inner nozzle 40 supplies the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas inside In this embodiment, the mixed atomizing liquid and the atomizing action gas are injected into the through-hole 31 of the electrode 30 in the present embodiment.

In the inner nozzle 40 of the plasma nozzle 2 of the second embodiment, the inner tubular body 45 is injected in the through-hole 31 of the electrode 30 by a second distance D2, which is set more than the outer tubular body 44, Direction. The second distance D2 provides a mixing space of the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas in the first passage P21.

And the inner tubular body 45 is arranged to be retracted by a first distance D1 set from the end of the electrode 30 of the through hole 31. [ The inner tubular body 45 has a communication port 451 communicating with the outer tubular body 44 and has an ejection port 452 facing the outer nozzle 11. The outer tubular body 44 is sealed in the through-hole 31.

The atomizing action gas supplied to the second passage P22 of the outer tubular body 44 is supplied to the first passage P21 of the inner tubular body 45 through the communication port 451, The atomizing target liquid supplied to the first passage P21 may be mixed with the atomizing action gas introduced into the communication hole 451 and may be firstly injected into the through hole 31 through the injection hole 452 to be atomized.

The target mixed liquid and the atomizing action gas are discharged to the through hole 31 of the electrode 30 and are given electrical and thermal functions by the plasma arc and arc jet generated in the discharge gap G, 10 through the outer nozzle 11 to be mixed and atomized so that evaporation can be accelerated.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, And it goes without saying that the invention belongs to the scope of the invention.

1, 2: Plasma nozzle 10: Housing
11: outer nozzle 12: sealing member
13: supply port 14: chamber
15: through hole 16: second insulating member
20, 40: inner nozzle 21: first insulating member
24, 44: outer tubular body 25, 45: inner tubular body
30: Electrode 31: Through-
32: Electrode connecting member 451:
452: jetting port D1, D2: first and second distance
G: discharge gap HV: driving voltage
P1, P21: first passage P2, P22: second passage
S: interior space

Claims

A housing which is electrically grounded to form an inner space and forms an outer nozzle on one side;
An inner nozzle mounted on the housing, which is sealed on the opposite side of the outer nozzle, and disposed in the inner space, for spraying the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing action gas; And
A discharge gap is formed between the inner nozzle and the inner surface of the housing which is opposed to the outer circumference of the housing through a first insulating member and is provided with a through hole so as to generate a plasma arc with an applied driving voltage and an applied working gas, An electrode for applying electrical and thermal functions to the atomizing target liquid and the atomizing action gas to be sprayed to the outer nozzle
. &Lt; / RTI >

The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising an electrode connecting member having a through hole at a side wall of the housing and penetrating the through hole through a second insulating member so as to be electrically connected to the electrode outside the housing.

3. The method of claim 2,
The electrode connecting member
Wherein the electrode is screwed to the outside of the electrode.

3. The method of claim 2,
The discharge gap
And the end of the through-hole at the electrode and the inner surface of the outer nozzle.

5. The method of claim 4,
The inner nozzle being coupled to the through-hole of the electrode,
Wherein an end of the inner nozzle is arranged to be retracted by a first distance set at an end of the electrode.

The method according to claim 1,
The inner nozzle
An outer tubular body inserted into the through-hole, and
An inner tubular body disposed to be spaced apart from the outer tubular body so as to form a first passage therein and forming a second passage between the outer tubular body and the outer tubular body,
.

The method according to claim 6,
The outer tubular body and the inner tubular body
And the same end portion is formed in the through-hole.

The method of claim 6, wherein
The inner tube
And a communication port communicating with the outer tubular body and projecting further by a second distance than the outer tubular body in the through-hole, and having an injection port toward the outer nozzle,
The outer tubular body
And is sealed in the through-hole.