KR20170056214A - Method of detoxification for material containing asbestos - Google Patents
Method of detoxification for material containing asbestos Download PDFInfo
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- KR20170056214A KR20170056214A KR1020150159574A KR20150159574A KR20170056214A KR 20170056214 A KR20170056214 A KR 20170056214A KR 1020150159574 A KR1020150159574 A KR 1020150159574A KR 20150159574 A KR20150159574 A KR 20150159574A KR 20170056214 A KR20170056214 A KR 20170056214A
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- exothermic reaction
- containing material
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- slate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/40—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by heating to effect chemical change, e.g. pyrolysis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/40—Inorganic substances
- A62D2101/41—Inorganic fibres, e.g. asbestos
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
A method of detoxifying an asbestos containing material is provided. Specifically, after applying an exothermic reaction promoter containing an exothermic reaction material and water to the asbestos-containing material, the asbestos-containing material coated with the exothermic reaction promoter is subjected to heat treatment to transform the asbestos contained in the asbestos- And the exothermic reaction of the exothermic reaction promoter may accelerate the phase transition of the asbestos. As a result, the process efficiency of the asbestos detoxification process can be improved, and the goto olivine, calcium oxide and magnesite produced after the heat treatment can be recycled as a raw material for cement.
Description
The present invention relates to detoxification of asbestos, and more particularly, to a method for detoxifying an asbestos-containing material using an exothermic reaction promoter and heat treatment.
Asbestos is a generic term of hydrated silicate minerals having a length of 5 μm or more and a length to width ratio of 3: 1 or more, and has useful properties such as incombustibility, insulation, durability and flexibility, It has been used as commercial raw material in various fields for centuries.
Asbestos is structurally divided into serpentine and amphibole series. Specifically, the crystal structure of the serpentinite series is basically composed of a 1: 1 layer (charge: 1 layer) and the amphibole series is composed of a double chain crystal structure in which SiO 4 tetrahedra are combined . The serpentinite series includes chrysotile, and the amphibole series include amosite, crocidolite, anthophylite, tremolite, or actinolite. Of these, white stone has more than 90% of commercial products.
Asbestos has been identified as a first-level carcinogen in the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) under the WHO in 1987 and the Korean Ministry of Employment and Labor (2008-26) . Major diseases related to asbestos include asbestosis, lung cancer and malignant mesothelioma.
Typical examples of asbestos-containing materials include slates, which are composed of 80 to 90% of cement and 10 to 20% of asbestos, and most of them are supplied in Korean slate and Kum river. Slate has been widely used at the time of the rural roof improvement project, and there are still a lot of slates that have been used in houses, factories, and housings nationwide, and they are gradually getting old. Since the slate is composed of cement and asbestos, calcium hydroxide, which is a component of cement, dissolves in water over time, releasing the asbestos to the surrounding environment. Therefore, there is a need to solve these human risks and environmental pollution problems. Therefore, there is a need to develop a technology capable of making waste containing asbestos economically non-acidic and detoxifying.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is to provide a treatment method capable of effectively preventing asbestos from being detoxified while preventing asbestos from being scattered.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing an asbestos-containing asbestos-containing material, comprising the steps of: applying an exothermic reaction promoter containing an exothermic reaction material and water to an asbestos-containing material; and performing heat treatment on the asbestos- The present invention provides a method of detoxifying an asbestos-containing material characterized in that the exothermic reaction of the exothermic reaction promoter promotes phase transition of the asbestos. .
Wherein the exothermic reaction material is at least one selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ), magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ), kaolin, talc, And the exothermic reaction promoter may be one in which 300 ml to 700 ml of water is added to 0.5M of the exothermic reaction material.
As the exothermic reaction promoter is applied to the asbestos-containing material, the asbestos contained in the asbestos-containing material may be prevented from scattering.
The heat treatment is performed at a temperature range of 700 ° C to 750 ° C for about 1 hour to 2 hours. The exothermic reaction of the exothermic reaction promoter causes the asbestos to generate heat at a temperature ranging from 710 ° C to 750 ° C, .
The asbestos-containing material may be a slate containing a whitish surface, and the whitestone may be transformed into forsterite by the heat treatment.
The exothermic reaction promoter of the present invention and the asbestos detoxification method using the heat treatment can promote the phase transition of the asbestos while suppressing the scattering, thereby improving the detoxification treatment efficiency.
In addition, the exothermic reaction of the exothermic reaction promoter can perform the phase transition effect in a relatively lower temperature range than the conventional one, and the heat treatment cost and the like can be reduced.
In addition, it is expected that goto olivine, calcium oxide and magnesite produced after the heat treatment can be recycled as a raw material of cement and thus utilized in related fields.
However, the effects of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flow chart for explaining a method for detoxifying an asbestos-containing material according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
2A to 2G are graphs showing the results of thermal analysis (TG-DTA) of the slate of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention and the heat treatment of Example 1.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are graphs comparing the results of mineral X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the slate of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention and the detoxified slate of Example 1. FIG.
4A to 4G are images and charts showing the results of SEM-EDX analysis of the slate of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention and the detoxified slate of Example 1. Fig.
Figs. 5A to 5G are images and tables showing transmission electron microscope (TEM-EDX) analysis results of the slate of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention and the detoxified slate of Example 1. Fig.
6A to 6E are images and tables showing results of transmission electron microscope (TEM-EDX) analysis of samples in which the slate of Comparative Example 1 was crushed and samples in which the slate treated in Example 1 was crushed.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. Rather, the intention is not to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but rather, the invention includes all modifications, equivalents and substitutions that are consistent with the spirit of the invention as defined by the claims. Like reference numerals throughout the specification denote like elements. In the drawings, the thicknesses of the layers and regions may be exaggerated or reduced for clarity. Like reference numerals throughout the specification denote like elements.
The present invention can provide a method for suppressing scattering of an asbestos-containing material through an exothermic reaction promoter and heat treatment and effectively detoxifying the same.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flow chart for explaining a method for detoxifying an asbestos-containing material according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
Referring to FIG. 1, first, an exothermic reaction promoter containing an exothermic reaction material and water may be applied to an asbestos-containing material (S100).
As the asbestos-containing material, various types of materials containing asbestos can be used. For example, slats, clothes containing an asbestos or interior and exterior materials such as wallpaper can be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In one embodiment of the present invention, the asbestos-containing material may be a slate containing a whitish surface, calcite and calcium hydroxide. The asbestos-containing material may be used in the form of a pulverized or non-pulverized material, depending on the embodiment.
The exothermic reaction material constituting the exothermic reaction promoter may mean a material having a property of generating heat through chemical bonding when it comes into contact with another substance. The exothermic reaction promoter containing the exothermic reaction material is applied to the surface using the exothermic property of the exothermic reaction material, and the exothermic reactant reacts with various constituents in the asbestos-containing material to generate an exothermic reaction , Whereby the asbestos contained in the asbestos containing material can be rapidly phase-transformed in a relatively low temperature range. Specifically, the exothermic reaction material may be selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ), magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ), kaolin, talc, And may include at least one material selected.
The exothermic reaction material may be in the form of an aqueous solution or powder, and water may be added to the exothermic reaction material to produce an exothermic reaction promoter. The fuming reaction promoter may be prepared to have an appropriate concentration to be uniformly applied to the surface of the asbestos-containing material. That is, the concentration of the exothermic reaction promoter can be adjusted through the water added to the exothermic reaction material, and the exothermic reaction promoter can function to suppress scattering of the asbestos-containing material. Specifically, an exothermic reaction accelerator to which 300 ml to 700 ml of water is added to 0.5M of the exothermic reaction material may be used. If the amount of water added to the exothermic reaction material is less than 300 ml or more than 700 ml, the viscosity may not be appropriate and it may be difficult to apply easily on the surface of the asbestos containing material or the asbestos scattering prevention function may be deteriorated . In one embodiment of the present invention, an exothermic reaction promoter having 500 ml of water added to 0.5M of the exothermic reaction material may be used. The water added to the exothermic reaction material may be distilled water or untreated tap water.
As the exothermic reaction promoter is applied to the asbestos-containing material, the exothermic reaction promoter may be absorbed on the surface of the asbestos-containing material, and the asbestos particles contained in the asbestos-containing material may be prevented from scattering. Thus, the present invention can prevent the asbestos scattering that may occur when the asbestos detoxification process is performed without the use of a separate anti-scattering agent, thereby enhancing the safety of the worker and achieving a smooth detoxification process.
Referring to FIG. 1, the asbestos-containing material coated with the exothermic reaction promoter may be heat-treated to transform the asbestos contained in the asbestos-containing material to phase harmless (S200). At this time, the exothermic reaction of the exothermic reaction promoter may promote the phase transition of the asbestos.
Specifically, the asbestos-containing material is detoxified by the heat treatment as follows. When heat is applied to the asbestos-containing material, the constituent components of the asbestos-containing material are thermally decomposed in a certain temperature range, and an endothermic reaction may occur while the crystal water is dehydrated. Thereafter, the asbestos is phase-transformed to other minerals through recrystallization at a certain temperature range, and an exothermic reaction may occur. As a result, the asbestos-containing material can be detoxified as the asbestos contained in the asbestos-containing material is removed while the asbestos is changed to another mineral species. At this time, the exothermic reaction promoter applied to the asbestos-containing material reacts with the substance contained in the asbestos-containing material to generate heat, thereby lowering the temperature range in which the phase transition of the asbestos-containing material occurs. The material contained in the asbestos-containing material that reacts with the exothermic reaction promoter may vary depending on the kind of the material and the type of the asbestos, and examples thereof include magnesium oxide (MgO), calcium oxide (CaO), calcium hydroxide ) Or calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The heat treatment performed on the asbestos-containing material coated with the exothermic reaction promoter may be performed in a temperature range of 700 ° C to 750 ° C for 1 hour to 2 hours. The asbestos-containing material may have a phase transition temperature depending on the type of asbestos. However, since the asbestos phase transition may be generated at a temperature of 700 ° C or higher, the temperature range of the heat treatment may be 700 ° C. to 750 ° C. So that the asbestos contained in the asbestos-containing material can be easily phase-transformed. In the case of the present invention, asbestos can be phase-transformed by a heat treatment at a relatively low temperature of 700 ° C to 750 ° C due to the exothermic reaction of the exothermic reaction promoter, so that when the heat treatment temperature exceeds 750 ° C, Can be improved. Thus, the heat treatment can be performed within the temperature range described above.
In addition, dehydration of the crystal water and phase transition of the asbestos can be smoothly performed in the heat treatment time of about 1 hour to 2 hours. When the heat treatment time is less than 1 hour, the removal of the crystalline water of the asbestos containing material is not sufficiently performed, or since the dehydration of the crystal water is completed within 2 hours, the heat treatment in the case where the heat treatment time exceeds 2 hours will lower the energy efficiency .
Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, when the slate containing a whitish-asbestos-containing material is to be made harmless, the slate containing the whitestone surface is heat-treated at a temperature of 770 ° C or more The asbestos contained in the asbestos containing material may be phase-transformed into forsterite. However, when heat treatment is applied after applying the exothermic reaction promoter proposed in the present invention, the asbestos contained in the asbestos-containing material can be transferred to the goto olivine in the temperature range of 710 캜 to 750 캜. That is, the exothermic reaction of the exothermic reaction promoter may lower the temperature range at which the phase transition effect of the asbestos is generated, and the phase transition of the asbestos may be promoted. As described above, the present invention can reduce the heat treatment temperature applied to the material for the harmless treatment of asbestos by using the exothermic reaction promoter, thereby reducing the processing cost. Further, since the phase transition is promoted, have. Details will be described later in the following examples and drawings.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the slate containing the whitish-surface as the asbestos-containing material may further contain limestone and calcium hydroxide. These constituents can be converted into magnesium and calcium oxide by heat treatment together with detoxification due to phase transition of asbestos as described above. In other words, the slate containing the whitewashed gneiss is produced by the harmless treatment, and the main components of these minerals are SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , CaO , And MgO, and can be reused as a raw material for cement.
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention. It should be understood, however, that the following examples are intended to aid in the understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
<Examples>
Example 1: Heat treatment of a slate coated with an exothermic reaction promoter
The exothermic reaction material was added to 36.755 g CaCl 2 (0.5 M), 50.825 g MgCl 2 (0.5 M), 10 g NaOH (0.5 M), 30.515 g Na 2 SiO 3 , kaoline (0.5 M) and talc Were added to each sample and 500 ml of distilled water was added to each sample to prepare an exothermic reaction promoter. An unbroken slate plate was immersed in each exothermic accelerator for one day to allow the exothermic accelerator to be applied to the surface of the slate. The slurry coated with the exothermic reaction promoter was heat-treated at 750 ° C for about 1 hour.
Comparative Example 1: Slate without application of an exothermic accelerator
A slate raw sample not coated with an exothermic reaction promoter was prepared as a control group.
2A to 2G are graphs showing the results of thermal analysis (TG-DTA) of the slate of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention and the heat treatment of Example 1. The specific endothermic and exothermic temperatures for each sample are shown in Table 1 below.
Referring to FIG. 2A and Table 1, as a result of thermal analysis of the slate to which the exothermic reaction promoter of Comparative Example 1 was not applied, crystal water in the slate was dehydrated while a weight loss of 5.8 g occurred along with an endothermic reaction at 721 DEG C, And the phase transition of minerals occurs.
2B to 2F and Table 1, all of the slate samples coated with the exothermic reaction promoter of Example 1 exothermically react to 400 DEG C, and an endothermic reaction was performed at a temperature range of about 710 DEG C to 740 DEG C And dehydration of the crystal water, and it can be confirmed that the exothermic reaction occurs rapidly in the temperature range of 710 캜 to 750 캜. The slate samples show an exothermic reaction up to 400 ° C because of the adsorption action of the fuming reaction promoter applied to the slate.
Through comparison between FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B to FIG. 2F, it can be seen that, by using the exothermic reaction promoter, the slate can be phase-transformed while exothermically reacting at a relatively lower temperature range of 710 ° C. to 750 ° C. . That is, the present invention can promote the phase transition of the asbestos by applying the exothermic reaction promoter to the asbestos-containing material and then heat-treating the asbestos-containing material, thereby improving the detoxification efficiency and promoting the phase transition at a low temperature range. Can be saved.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are graphs comparing the results of mineral X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the slate of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention and the detoxified slate of Example 1. FIG.
3A and 3B, chrysotile peaks were found at 2θ = 12 degrees and 24 degrees in the slate raw material of the non-detoxified raw material of Comparative Example 1. In addition, calcite and calcium hydroxide And so on. On the contrary, the slate samples deteriorated in Example 1 had no chrysotile peaks at 2? = 12 degrees and 24 degrees, and the detoxified slate samples were subjected to the forsterite ), Magnesite, and calcium oxide. As a result, it can be seen that the asbestos contained in the heat treated slate is removed after the exothermic reaction promoter is applied through Example 1 of the present invention, and the slate is totally detoxified. In addition, since the above-mentioned main constituents contained in the detoxified slate are similar to the cement raw material component, it can be expected to be reused as the cement raw material.
4A to 4G are images and charts showing the results of SEM-EDX analysis of the slate of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention and the detoxified slate of Example 1. Fig. Scanning electron microscopy analysis shows the size, shape and composition of the minerals that make up the slate.
Referring to FIG. 4A, it can be seen that the slate raw material sample of Comparative Example 1 contains a large amount of elongated fibrous whitish surface having a smooth surface having an aspect ratio of 100: 1 or more and a length of about 20 μm. 4B to 4G, it can be seen that all of the slats formed by applying the exothermic reaction promoter and then heat-treated in Example 1 have no asbestos, and the surface is an amorphous bar-like mineral.
Figs. 5A to 5G are images and tables showing transmission electron microscope (TEM-EDX) analysis results of the slate of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention and the detoxified slate of Example 1. Fig.
Referring to FIG. 5A, it can be seen that the slate raw sample includes a typical white stone surface having a hollow tube structure with an empty center. 5B to 5G, in the slate formed by applying the exothermic reaction promoter and heat treatment in Example 1, no typical whitish-surface minerals having a hollow tube structure as shown in FIG. 5A were observed at all, It can be seen that the form is phase-changed into a bar-like mineral whose surface is not amorphous and hollow.
As described above, it can be seen that the present invention can be easily detoxified by completely removing the asbestos contained in the asbestos-containing material as a result of heat treatment after applying the exothermic reaction promoter.
6A to 6E are images and tables showing results of transmission electron microscope (TEM-EDX) analysis of samples in which the slate of Comparative Example 1 was crushed and samples in which the slate treated in Example 1 was crushed. Asbestos has the characteristics of maintaining its shape even if it is shredded without heat or chemical treatment, and it has been re - verified whether or not asbestos has been harmless in the shredded form.
Referring to FIG. 6A, it can be confirmed that even when the slurry raw material sample of Comparative Example 1 is crushed again, the hollow tube structure of the elongated fibrous acid is maintained as it is. 6A to 6E, it can be seen that the slate of Example 1 of the present invention is crushed into an amorphous form without applying a force through crushing to maintain the rod shape. As a result, it can be seen that the asbestos contained in the asbestos-containing material can be totally detoxified through the detoxification method of the asbestos-containing material of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention disclosed in the present specification and drawings are only illustrative of specific examples for the purpose of understanding and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention are possible in addition to the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
And heat treating the asbestos-containing material coated with the exothermic reaction promoter to phase-transition the asbestos contained in the asbestos-containing material to detoxify the material,
Wherein the exothermic reaction of the exothermic reaction promoter accelerates the phase transition of the asbestos.
At least any one material selected from calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ), magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ), kaolin, talc, Containing material. ≪ Desc / Clms Page number 19 >
Wherein 300 ml to 700 ml of water is added to 0.5 M of exothermic reaction material.
As the exothermic reaction promoter is applied to the asbestos-containing material,
Wherein the asbestos-containing material is prevented from scattering asbestos contained in the asbestos-containing material.
Wherein the heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 700 to 750 占 폚 for 1 to 2 hours.
Wherein the asbestos generates heat at a temperature in the range of 710 캜 to 750 캜 by an exothermic reaction of the exothermic reaction promoter, and the phase transition occurs.
The asbestos containing material is a slate containing a whitish surface,
Wherein the whitewashed phase is phase-transformed to forsterite by the heat treatment.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102136685B1 (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-07-23 | 성신양회 주식회사 | Harmless method of asbestos products using cement kiln and construction material manufacturing method using harmless asbestos products |
| KR102146082B1 (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-08-19 | 전남대학교산학협력단 | Mehtod for manufacturing calcium silicate |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3747246B1 (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2006-02-22 | 独立行政法人国立高等専門学校機構 | Asbestos detoxification method for composite materials containing asbestos |
| JP5122541B2 (en) | 2009-09-15 | 2013-01-16 | 株式会社 Ａｇｕａ Ｊａｐａｎ | Waste asbestos material treatment agent, waste asbestos material treatment method using the same, and waste asbestos material scattering prevention method |
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2015
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102136685B1 (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-07-23 | 성신양회 주식회사 | Harmless method of asbestos products using cement kiln and construction material manufacturing method using harmless asbestos products |
| KR102146082B1 (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-08-19 | 전남대학교산학협력단 | Mehtod for manufacturing calcium silicate |
| WO2021101126A1 (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-05-27 | 전남대학교산학협력단 | Method for preparing calcium silicate |
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