KR20170023238A - System for producing reusable water from waste water and method using the same - Google Patents

System for producing reusable water from waste water and method using the same Download PDF

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KR20170023238A
KR20170023238A KR1020150116619A KR20150116619A KR20170023238A KR 20170023238 A KR20170023238 A KR 20170023238A KR 1020150116619 A KR1020150116619 A KR 1020150116619A KR 20150116619 A KR20150116619 A KR 20150116619A KR 20170023238 A KR20170023238 A KR 20170023238A
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solution
water
forward osmosis
induction
induction solution
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KR1020150116619A
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Korean (ko)
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이호원
김승건
현명택
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제주대학교 산학협력단
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/445—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by forward osmosis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/002—Forward osmosis or direct osmosis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/002—Forward osmosis or direct osmosis
    • B01D61/005—Osmotic agents; Draw solutions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

A forward osmosis module connected to a downstream end of a secondary clarifier of a sewage treatment plant, the forward osmosis module being divided into a feed solution moving section and an induction solution moving section by a forward osmosis membrane; A first supply pipe connected to a first end of the forward osmosis module to supply a supply solution, a first discharge pipe connected to a second end of the forward osmosis module, A second supply pipe connected to the third end of the forward osmosis module for supplying the induction solution, a second discharge pipe connected to the fourth end of the forward osmosis module for discharging the induction solution, Wherein the diluted induction solution passing through the inducing solution transfer section can be used as reusing water without any further elevation treatment. The present invention also provides a system for producing reusing water from sewage water.

Description

System for producing reused water from sewage and method using the same.

The present invention relates to a system for producing reused water from sewage using a fresh water desalination system comprising a fertilizer composition as an inducing solution and a method using the same.

Today's urban water management system, constructed with the urbanization of modern society, has been proceeded by artificial rapid drainage for flood or flood prevention, management of pollutant source for water quality management and construction of large-scale water treatment system. With the impact of global climate change, resulting in distortions in the sound water circulation system and direct discharge of new environmental pollutants into natural water, urban floods, flooding, increased vulnerability to extreme drought / floods despite massive financial investments and efforts , And the threat of increased pollutant spills.

Water reuse is an essential urban element for a sustainable future city that responds to climate change. Reuse water can be utilized as an alternative water resource that can mitigate the regional imbalance of water supply and demand above all. In particular, it is important to secure sufficient water resources by recycling domestic wastewater with a constant consumption throughout the year, in accordance with the social and economic difficult conditions of new water resources.

On the other hand, about two-thirds of the world's water demand is used as agricultural water, and in the sewage reuse field, the reuse of agriculture water supply is the most important part, and in many countries, efforts are made to dispose of domestic sewage and reuse as irrigation water. It is known that only 67 cases of reuse report of agricultural wastewater from sewage treatment have been reported recently.

  As a result of the empirical experiment on the feasibility of reuse of agricultural wastewater in sewage treatment water, reuse of sewage wastewater as irrigation water has resulted in a remarkable improvement in the water quality improvement effect, including the effect of increasing the organic matter removal rate to 60% It was shown.

However, since the chloride content of sewage-treated water is high, it is difficult to use it directly as agriculture water, so that the re-use rate of agriculture water is low. Currently, the method currently used for removing chloride from sewage- (Reverse Osmosis). However, the reverse osmosis process requires a considerably high pressure since osmotic pressure is greatly generated. As a result, sewage treatment reuse using the reverse osmosis process requires a lot of installation and operation costs, which is difficult to apply in practice.

On the other hand, the forward osmosis process (FO) shown in Fig. 1 (B) is a technique for producing fresh water (reusing water) by using a difference in osmotic pressure between a feed solution and an induction solution with a membrane therebetween, Energy costs and membrane pollution are greatly reduced, and it is considered to be a new technology that can replace the reverse osmosis process in the future.

Currently, most of the pure osmosis technology is being developed as an alternative to water shortage by producing fresh water from raw water (seawater or nautical), and studies to treat sewage using pure osmosis technology are at an early stage .

As shown in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1286044, the biggest problem in practical application of the positive osmosis technology is that an additional step of separating the derivatized solute from the diluted induction solution is required in order to continuously produce the production water.

KR registration 1286044 (2013.07.09)

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention produces reused water without further separation of the induced solute from the diluted induction solution, and the produced reused water is subjected to fertilizing It can be used as an irrigation system in which irrigation water is mixed with fertilizer. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the energy cost significantly compared with the reverse osmosis process, as well as to reduce the amount of reused water from sewage that can protect the soil and groundwater by an eco- And a method of using the same.

In addition, the present invention aims to prepare an inducer which can be used in the production of reusable water from sewage on the basis of the composition of mixed fertilizer and use it as an inducing solution.

A forward osmosis module connected to a downstream end of a secondary clarifier of a sewage treatment plant, the forward osmosis module being divided into a feed solution moving section and an induction solution moving section by a forward osmosis membrane; A first supply pipe connected to a first end of the forward osmosis module to supply a supply solution, a first discharge pipe connected to a second end of the forward osmosis module, A second supply pipe connected to the third end of the forward osmosis module for supplying the induction solution, a second discharge pipe connected to the fourth end of the forward osmosis module for discharging the induction solution, Wherein the diluted induction solution passing through the inducing solution transfer section can be used as reusing water without any further elevation treatment. The present invention also provides a system for producing reusing water from sewage water.

The present invention relates to a method for producing reused water from sewage, comprising the steps of: (a) countercurrently supplying said feed solution and an induction solution; (b) moving the fresh water contained in the feed solution through the forward osmosis membrane to the induction solution transfer section by the positive osmotic pressure phenomenon by the difference in concentration between the supplied feed solution and the induction solution; And (c) moving the concentrated feed solution to a treatment tank of the next step, wherein the removed fresh water is excluded, wherein the diluted induction solution is used as reclaimed water. Thereby producing reused water from the waste water.

The system for producing reclaimed water from the sewage according to the present invention can reduce the energy cost by using the mixed fertilizer as the inducing solution, since the produced reused water can be used as the liquid fertilizer or the drop fertilizer without a separate separation step, Environmentally friendly processes can protect soil and groundwater.

1 is a process diagram showing a conventional reverse osmosis process and a normal osmosis process.
FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing a conventional normal osmosis process and a normal osmosis process according to the present invention.
3 is a diagram showing a typical sewage treatment system.
4 illustrates a system for producing reused water from sewage according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in osmotic pressure according to concentration of an inducing solution according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
6 is a graph showing the osmotic pressure of each induction solution according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a graph showing the osmotic pressure of the individual components, the sum of the individual components, and the osmotic pressure of the mixed fertilizer in the induction solution of the embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a graph showing a comparison between the osmotic pressure of the individual components and the osmotic pressure of the mixed fertilizer according to the concentration change of the mixed fertilizer in the induction solution of the embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a graph showing the pH of the induction solution according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a graph showing change in water permeation flux of an inductive solution according to the supply solution of an embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a graph showing changes in average water permeation flux per flow solution in an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms and words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as limited to ordinary or dictionary terms, and the inventor should appropriately interpret the concepts of the terms appropriately It should be construed in accordance with the meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that it can be defined.

Therefore, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, It is to be understood that equivalents and modifications are possible.

FIG. 1 is a process drawing showing a conventional reverse osmosis process and a normal osmosis process, FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing a conventional osmosis process and a positive osmosis process according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a general sewage treatment process diagram, FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in osmotic pressure according to the concentration change of the induction solution according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a graph showing changes in the osmotic pressure of the induction solution according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a graph showing osmotic pressures of individual components, individual components, and mixed fertilizer for the mixed fertilizer in the induction solution according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a graph showing the osmotic pressure of the mixed fertilizer according to one embodiment FIG. 9 is a graph showing the comparison between the osmotic pressure of the individual component osmotic pressure and the osmotic pressure of the mixed fertilizer according to the change in the concentration of the mixed fertilizer in the induction solution. Shows graphs, Figure 10 is a graph showing the present invention in one embodiment the feed solution derived solution can be passed through the shown graph line speed change, FIG. 11 as the average per one embodiment of the flow of the present invention, the solution change in the transmission speed in accordance with the. Hereinafter, a system for producing reused water from the sewage of the present invention and a method using the same will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 11 and embodiments.

The present invention relates to a system for producing recycled water from sewage using a forward osmosis process with mixed fertilizer as an inducing solution.

Here, the reuse water means the treated water usually treated in the sewage treatment facility. The reuse water can be divided into the number of the contents and the water for off-site water. The water in the intestines includes washing water, cooling water, cleaning water, drinking water, dilution water, intestinal water and other drinking water. , Off-site other water, and off-site waterworks.

In addition, a forward osmosis (FO) process refers to a process in which a solute is melted at a concentration higher than the concentration of the feed solution solute on one side of the semipermeable membrane through which the solute can not pass, thereby inducing a higher osmotic pressure than the feed solution, 2B is a process diagram showing a process of extracting fresh water in a feed solution to the induction solution by using a forward osmosis membrane from a feed solution, and FIG. 2B is a flow chart showing a process of extracting fresh water from a feed solution to an induction solution through a semipermeable membrane. have.

3 to 4, the system for producing the reclaimed water from the sewage of the present invention is connected to the rear end of the secondary settler 200 of the sewage treatment plant, A forward osmosis module 100 divided into a section 120 and an induction solution transfer section 130; A first supply pipe (210) connected to a first end (101) of the forward osmosis module to supply a supply solution; a second supply pipe (210) connected to a first end A discharge pipe 220; A second supply pipe (310) connected to the third end (103) of the forward osmosis module for supplying an induction solution and a second supply pipe (310) connected to the fourth end (104) 2 outlet pipe 320; And the diluted induction solution passing through the induction solution transfer section 130 can be used as reusing water.

In particular, the forward osmosis module 100 may be configured such that the supply solution supplied through the first supply pipe 210 with the inside of the osmosis membrane 110 therebetween is supplied to the forward osmosis module 100 And a flow-through channel is formed so that an inductive solution supplied through the second supply pipe 310 can be supplied to the normal osmosis module 100. [

More specifically, the forward osmosis process is performed in the forward osmosis module 100 through the supply of the supply solution and the supply of the flowing solution, and the supply solution is supplied to the forward osmosis module 100 through the first supply pipe 210 And the induction solution flows into the forward osmosis module 100 through the second supply pipe 310 at the same time. Accordingly, in the case of the normal osmosis module 100 provided with the osmosis membrane 110, a positive osmosis action occurs.

Herein, the constant osmotic membrane 110 must be continuously supplied with the induction solution at a predetermined concentration.

In addition, the osmosis membrane 110 provided in the forward osmosis module 100 is provided with an osmosis membrane having selective permeability. Specifically, the osmotic membrane is also referred to as a semipermeable membrane, and means a membrane having fine holes uniformly formed on the surface thereof and having a property of passing only a solvent.

Here, the positive osmosis membrane 110 may be composed of cellulose triacetate (CTA), thin film composite polyamide (TFC), or the like.

In addition, the supply solution is characterized by using effluent of the secondary clarifier (200).

In addition, the induction solution as a solute, NH 4 NO 3, NH 4 H 2 PO 4, (NH 4) 2 HPO 4, NH 4 HCO 3, (NH 4) 2 SO 4, Ca (NO 3) 2, K 2 S 2 O 3 , KCl, KHCO 3 , KNO 3 , NH 4 Cl, and the like.

More specifically, the induction solution solute includes a fertilizer composition, more preferably NH 4 NO 3 , KCl, (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 and a mixed fertilizer prepared by mixing the same, Can be used.

The mixed fertilizer (Blend) was prepared by mixing NH 4 NO 3 , (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 and KCl in the weight ratio w of nitrogen (N): phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ): potassium (K 2 O) / w%) is from 21:15 to 18:15 to 18, but is not limited thereto.

The NH 4 NO 3 , (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 and KCl have a weight ratio (w / w%) of nitrogen (N): phosphorus (P): potassium (K) of 21: 6 to 8: .

The nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ), and potassium (K 2 O) are nutrients that require relatively large amounts of crops among various essential elements required for growing crops and are likely to be scarce in the soil. Element. In particular, in the present invention, by using NH 4 NO 3 , (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 and KCl as an inducing solution, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium can be independently controlled. For example, the weight ratio (w / w%) of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ), and potassium (K 2 O) is adjusted by mixing NH 4 NO 3 , (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 , (N: P: K = 21.0: 7.4: 14.1), which is prepared so as to be 21:17:17 by weight, can be used as an inducing solution, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Here, the concentration of the inducing solution solute of the present invention is higher than the concentration of the supplying solution.

The first supply pipe 210, the second supply pipe 310, the first discharge pipe 220, and the second discharge pipe 320 are each provided with at least one pump.

3, the forward osmosis module 100 is connected to the secondary settler 200 (FIG. 3) so as to use the effluent discharged from the secondary settler 200 through a primary settler and a bioreactor in a typical sewage treatment system, Referring to FIG. 4, the first supply pipe 210 is connected to the secondary settling tank 200 and is connected to the sewage water discharged from the secondary settler 200 And can be used as a feed solution.

Here, the forward osmosis module 100 may further include an induction solution supply vessel 300 for supplying the induction solution. The induction solution supply vessel 300 may be connected to the second supply pipe 310, Connection is established.

In addition, the first discharge pipe 220 may be subjected to a post-treatment (disinfection, advanced treatment, etc.) by discharging the supply solution.

In addition, the inductive solution supplied from the inductive solution supply tank 300 may be discharged through the second discharge pipe 320 via the induction solution transfer section 130 of the forward osmosis module and used as reused water.

In this case, the induction solution passing through the second discharge pipe 320 from the forward osmosis module 100 is a diluted induction solution containing a fertilizer component, so that fertilizing, It is possible to use it by diluting it with water, so that it is not necessary to further process for diluting the induction solution diluted in the general cleansing process, Costs can be dramatically reduced and eco-friendly processes can protect the soil and groundwater.

Particularly, in the present invention, the first supply pipe 210 for supplying the supply solution and the second supply pipe 310 for supplying the induction solution are installed at both ends of the forward osmosis module 100 in diagonal directions, And the inducing solution can flow countercurrently.

Here, the counterflow refers to a case where the direction of flow of two fluids is opposite in the case of heat transfer or material transfer between two fluids. In particular, in the present invention, the countercurrent flow of the feed solution and the inducing solution is higher than that of the cocurrent flow by making the osmotic pressure difference larger than that flowing in parallel, so that the feed solution and the inducing solution flow countercurrently.

In the system for producing the reclaimed water from the sewage according to the present invention having the above-described structure, the following process proceeds.

A method for producing reclaimed water from sewage of the present invention comprises the steps of: (a) supplying the feed solution and the induction solution countercurrently; (b) moving the fresh water contained in the feed solution through the forward osmosis membrane to the induction solution transfer section by the positive osmotic pressure phenomenon by the difference in concentration between the supplied feed solution and the induction solution; And (c) moving the concentrated supply solution to a treatment tank of the next step by removing the moved fresh water, wherein the diluted induction solution containing the transferred fresh water is used as reusing water; .

More specifically, when the feed solution and the flowing solution supplied from the drainage of the secondary settler 200 are supplied in a countercurrent direction, the forward osmosis process is performed in the forward osmosis module 100.

At this time, the supply solution supplied through the first supply pipe 210 passes through the supply solution transfer section 120 and the induction solution supplied through the second supply pipe 310 passes through the induction solution transfer section 130, Accordingly, in the normal osmosis module 100 having the osmosis membrane 110, a positive osmosis action occurs.

In particular, in the case of the osmosis membrane 110 process, a constant concentration of the inducing solution must be continuously supplied.

As the forward osmosis process by the positive osmotic action proceeds, fresh water in the sewage having passed through the osmosis membrane 110 is mixed with the induction solution to produce a diluted induction solution. The induction solution mixture is introduced into the second discharge pipe 320 The osmosis module 100 can be used as reused water. In particular, the diluted derivatized solution can be used as a liquid fertilizer.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples. However, the following examples are intended to illustrate the contents of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples. Embodiments of the present invention are provided to more fully describe the present invention to those skilled in the art.

Examples were carried out in order to realize a positive osmosis process system using fertilizer as an inducing solution, which is used in the present invention.

A positive osmosis module was prepared to implement the system of the present invention. In this case, the forward osmosis module is a channel of a forward osmosis module having a feed solution (FS) and a draw solution (DS) of 110 mm (L) x 36 mm (W) Respectively.

The FO membrane was installed such that the activated layer was upward and the porous layer was downward so that the feed solution flowed to the top surface of the osmosis membrane and the induction solution flowed to the bottom of the osmosis membrane.

The osmosis membrane used in the embodiment of the present invention is a cellulose triacetate (CTA) flat membrane (OsMemTM CTA-ES) manufactured by HTI, and the membrane area is 3,960 mm 2 . Table 1 shows the properties of the membranes used in this example.

Membrane type CTA (cellulose triacetate) with embedded polyether screen support Maximum operating temperature 71 ° C Maximum transmembrane pressure 70 kPa pH range 3 to 8 Maximum chlorine 2 ppm Cleaning guideline Use only cleaning chemicals approved force / CTA RO membranes

The feed solution was supplied to the positive osmosis module using a diaphragm pump (DWP-62163A, Moterbank, KOREA) and the induction solution was supplied using a gear pump (WT3000-1JA, Baoding Longer Precision Pump Co., Ltd., China) . A constant temperature chamber (M20, LAUDA, Germany) was used to keep the temperature of the forward osmosis module constant and the operation temperature was kept constant at 25 ± 1 ° C.

In addition, the system operation was performed by supplying 2 L each of the supply solution and the induction solution to the PE supply solution tank and the induction solution tank, respectively, and supplying them to the forward osmosis module using a pump. Both the feed solution and the induction solution were allowed to flow countercurrently at a constant flow rate of 500 ml / min, and the solution passed through the forward osmosis module was circulated to the feed solution and the induction solution tank, respectively. Table 2 shows the operating conditions of this embodiment.

Membrane material CTA (cellulose triacetate) Membrane area 3,960 mm 2 Flow rate of FS and DS 500 mL / min Temperature 25 ± 1 ° C Initial volume of FS and DS 2L Flow direction of FS and DS Counter current Operation time 24hr

In this embodiment, a feed solution and an inducing solution were prepared. The used feed solution was the second settling effluent of Jeju sewage treatment plant.

NH 4 NO 3 , (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 , KCl and mixed fertilizer were used as induction solutions. The mixed fertilizer at a rate such as fertilizer (21-17-17), the most widely used in Jeju, NH 4 NO 3, (NH 4) 2 HPO 4 and using KCl each nitrogen (N): phosphorus ( (W / w%) of potassium (P 2 O 5 ): potassium (K 2 O) was 21:17:17.

The induction solution was prepared by dissolving a single fertilizer or mixed fertilizer in deionized water. The concentration of the inducing solution was adjusted to 2 mol / LH 2 O. NH 4 NO 3 , (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 and KCl used in this example were all reagents (Samchun co. Korea) having a purity of 99% or more.

The most important factor in the cleansing process is the osmotic pressure difference between the inducing solution and the feed solution. That is, the greater the difference in osmotic pressure between the feed solution and the induction solution, the greater the water permeation flux. Also, since the membrane used in the positive osmosis process has a different pH range depending on the material, it may cause deformation of the osmosis membrane when using the inducing solution and the supplying solution.

Therefore, osmotic pressure and pH of the derivatized solution were measured in this example. Here, the osmotic pressure and pH of the derivatized solution were calculated using Stream Analyzer 3.2 (OLI Systems Inc., Morris Plains, NJ, USA).

2) measurement of the osmotic pressure of 2mol / LH 2 O concentration in the induction solution, 3) individual components for the mixed fertilizer of 2mol Blend / LH 2 O, And osmotic pressure of mixed fertilizer, 4) comparison of the osmotic pressure of the individual component with the osmotic pressure of the mixed fertilizer according to the concentration of the mixed fertilizer, and 5) pH of the induction solution.

1) Measurement of osmotic pressure change according to concentration of induction solution

First, the osmotic pressure according to the concentration change of each induction solution used in the present invention was measured and shown in FIG.

As a result, it was found that the osmotic pressure was increased as the concentration of the inducing solution was increased.

2) Osmotic pressure measurement of induction solution of 2mol / LH 2 O concentration

Figure 7 shows the osmotic pressure of the inductive solution when the concentration of the inductive solution was all kept constant at 2 mol / L H2O.

As a result, NH 4 NO 3, (NH 4) 2 HPO 4, were osmolarity of KCl and mixed fertilizers (Blend) has appeared respectively 64.8 atm, 95.0 atm, 89.3 atm and 65.4 atm, (NH 4) 2 HPO 4 >KCl>Blend> NH 4 NO 3 in that order.

3) Osmotic pressure measurement of individual components, individual components and mixed fertilizers for 2mol Blend / LH 2 O mixed fertilizer

When the mixed fertilizer was 2 mol Blend / LH 2 O, the osmotic pressure of the individual components constituting the mixed fertilizer was compared with the osmotic pressure of the three component osmotic pressure sum (Sum) and the mixed fertilizer (Blend).

As shown in FIG. 8, osmotic pressures of NH 3 NO 3 of 0.92 mol / L, (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 of 0.43 mol / L and KCl of 0.65 mol / L were 28.9 atm, 21.4 atm and 29.3 atm, The Sum is 79.6 atm. However, the osmotic pressure of 2 mol / LH 2 O mixed fertilizer containing 0.92 mol of NH 4 NO 3 , 0.43 mol of (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 and 0.65 mol of KCl was found to be less than 79.6 atm and 65.4 atm.

This is because in the case of mixed fertilizers, the osmotic pressure is reduced by the interaction between the dissolved ions.

4) Comparison of osmotic pressure and osmotic pressure of mixed fertilizer according to concentration of mixed fertilizer

FIG. 9 shows the sum of the osmotic pressures according to the concentration of the mixed fertilizer and the sum of the osmotic pressures of the three individual components constituting the mixed fertilizer.

As a result, the osmotic pressure of the mixed fertilizer was lower than the sum of the osmotic pressure of the three components, as in the case of the 2 mol / LH 2 O mixed fertilizer. These differences increased with increasing concentration of mixed fertilizer. This is because in the case of mixed fertilizers, the osmotic pressure is reduced by the interaction between the dissolved ions. These differences also increased with increasing concentration of mixed fertilizer.

5) pH of induction solution

FIG. 10 shows the calculated pH when the concentration of NH 4 NO 3 , (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 , KCl and Blend was 2 mol / LH 2 O. FIG.

As a result, the pHs of NH 4 NO 3 , (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 , KCl and Blend were 4.9, 7.7, 6.9 and 7.7, respectively. As shown in Example 1, 3 to 8, all were within the pH tolerance range of the CTA-ES which is the positive osmosis membrane used in the examples.

In this embodiment, when the system according to the present invention is installed at the rear end of the secondary settling tank of the sewage treatment plant and the effluent of the secondary settling tank of the Jeju sewage treatment plant is used as the feed solution, 2 mol / LH 2 O concentration was measured for each induction solution.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing changes in water permeation flux according to the operation time of each induction solution prepared at the concentration of 2 mol / LH 2 O according to the effluent of the secondary clarifier.

As a result, water fluxes were decreased according to the operating time regardless of the type of induction solution. The order of KCl> NH 4 NO 3 >Blend> (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 was obtained. This is probably due to the decrease of the concentration of inducing solution and the increase of membrane contamination.

In this embodiment, the average permeation flux is calculated after conducting the positive osmosis experiment as in Example 4 for 24 hours, and the average water permeation flux per induction solution is shown in FIG.

NH 4 NO 3 , (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 , KCl and Blend of 2 mol / LH 2 O were used as induction solutions, respectively.

As a result, when KCl, NH 4 NO 3 , Blend and (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 were used as inducing solutions, they were 14.1, 12.4, 11.4 and 7.4 LMH, respectively.

As described above in the above embodiment, the induction solution is blended, the operation time is 24 hr / day, and the membrane module is (OsMemTM CTA-ES) using the experimental apparatus and the operating conditions, and the membrane area is 16.5 m 2 Assuming that the theoretical production of reclaimed water is calculated.

Figure pat00001

As a result, it was found that Blend was used as an inducing solution and 4.5 m 3 / day was produced when the membrane area was 16.5 m 2 .

As a result, the components of the reclaimed water produced in the above reaction are about 21:17:17 by weight ratio of nitrogen (N 2 ): phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ): potassium (K 2 O) Is the composition ratio of the most used fertilizer in Jeju Island. Therefore, if the reused water produced in the above is diluted, it can be used as agricultural water or the like.

100: positive osmosis module
101: first end 102: second end
103: Third end 104: Fourth end
110: osmosis membrane
120: feed solution transfer section 130: induction solution transfer section
200: Secondary clarifier
210: first supply pipe 220: first discharge pipe
300: induction solution supply tank
310: second supply pipe 320: second discharge pipe

Claims (6)

A forward osmosis module connected to the rear end of the secondary clarifier of the sewage treatment plant and divided into a feed solution moving section and an induction solution moving section by a forward osmosis membrane;
A first supply pipe connected to a first end of the forward osmosis module to supply a supply solution, a first discharge pipe connected to a second end of the forward osmosis module,
A second supply pipe connected to the third end of the forward osmosis module for supplying the induction solution, a second discharge pipe connected to the fourth end of the forward osmosis module for discharging the induction solution, / RTI >
Wherein the diluted induction solution passing through the inducing solution transfer section is usable as reusing water without any additional elevation treatment.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the feed solution uses the effluent of the secondary clarifier.
The method according to claim 1,
The induction solution as a solute, NH 4 NO 3, NH 4 H 2 PO 4, (NH 4) 2 HPO 4, NH 4 HCO 3, (NH 4) 2 SO 4, Ca (NO 3) 2, K 2 S 2 O 3 , KCl, KHCO 3 , KNO 3 , and NH 4 Cl. The system for producing reclaimed water from sewage is characterized in that it comprises at least one solute selected from the group consisting of O 2 , KCl, KHCO 3 , KNO 3 and NH 4 Cl.
The method of claim 3,
The weight ratio (w / w%) of nitrogen (N 2 ): phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ): potassium (K 2 O) was determined using NH 4 NO 3 , KCl and (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 21: 15-18: 15-18. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 18. < / RTI >
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first supply pipe, the second supply pipe, the first discharge pipe, and the second discharge pipe each include at least one pump.
A system for producing reused water from sewage according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
(a) countercurrently feeding the feed solution and the inducing solution;
(b) moving the fresh water contained in the feed solution through the forward osmosis membrane to the induction solution transfer section by the positive osmotic pressure phenomenon by the difference in concentration between the supplied feed solution and the induction solution; And
(c) moving the concentrated supply solution to the treatment tank of the next step by removing the moved fresh water, using the diluted induction solution containing the transferred fresh water as reused water; ≪ / RTI >

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US11502323B1 (en) 2022-05-09 2022-11-15 Rahul S Nana Reverse electrodialysis cell and methods of use thereof
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US11502322B1 (en) 2022-05-09 2022-11-15 Rahul S Nana Reverse electrodialysis cell with heat pump
US11502323B1 (en) 2022-05-09 2022-11-15 Rahul S Nana Reverse electrodialysis cell and methods of use thereof
US11563229B1 (en) 2022-05-09 2023-01-24 Rahul S Nana Reverse electrodialysis cell with heat pump
US11611099B1 (en) 2022-05-09 2023-03-21 Rahul S Nana Reverse electrodialysis cell and methods of use thereof
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