KR20170021722A - A display panel and a display apparatus using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a display panel and a display device using the same. The display panel comprises: a liquid crystal capsule layer in which a liquid crystal capsule having liquid crystal embedded thereon is distributed; and an electrode unit which is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal capsule layer and forms an electric field in the liquid crystal encapsulation layer, wherein the thickness of the liquid crystal capsule layer is provided to exceed half of the wavelength of incident light relative to the birefringence value of the liquid crystal molecule.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a display panel and a display apparatus,

A display panel and a display device.

The display device is an output device that converts acquired or stored electrical information into visual information and displays it to a user, and is used in various fields such as home and business.

The display device can output an image to the outside using the backlight unit and the display panel. As a display panel, a liquid crystal display (LCD) using a liquid crystal, a display panel using a light emitting diode (LED) emitting light by itself, a display using an organic light emitting diode (OLED) Panel, or a display panel using an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (OLED).

A display panel and a display device which can simplify a manufacturing process by using a liquid crystal capsule, do not cause an optical change according to an external pressure, and can have various curvatures.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a display panel and a display device capable of improving the vulnerability of a liquid crystal by preventing or minimizing influence on liquid crystal molecules such as ultraviolet (UV) light.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a display panel and a display device that can prevent a light leakage phenomenon of a display panel due to a refractive index difference between materials of a display panel.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a display panel and a display device are provided.

The display panel includes a liquid crystal capsule layer having a plurality of liquid crystal capsules in which liquid crystal molecules are embedded and an electrode portion disposed on one surface of the liquid crystal capsule layer and forming an electric field in the liquid crystal capsule layer, May exceed half the ratio of the wavelength of the incident light to the birefringence value of the liquid crystal molecule.

The plurality of liquid crystal capsules may include an outer wall layer forming an outer shape of the capsule and liquid crystal molecules distributed in the inner wall of the outer wall layer and oriented in accordance with an electric field.

The liquid crystal capsule layer may include a polymer matrix in which the plurality of liquid crystal capsules are distributed.

The difference in refractive index between at least two of the outer wall layer, the liquid crystal molecules and the polymer matrix may be equal to or less than 0.1.

The display panel may further include a color conversion unit that changes the color of the incident light.

The electrode section may be disposed between the liquid crystal capsule layer and the color conversion section or the color conversion section may be disposed between the liquid crystal capsule layer and the electrode section.

The display panel may further include a substrate on which the electrode unit or the color conversion unit is mounted.

The substrate may comprise a rigid substrate, a flexible substrate or a rigid substrate.

The electrode unit may include a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in the liquid crystal capsule layer direction, an insulating substrate having the pixel electrodes arranged on one surface thereof, and a common electrode arranged on the other surface of the insulating substrate.

The display panel may further include a liquid crystal capsule layer protecting part provided on one surface of the liquid crystal capsule layer.

The liquid crystal molecules may include positive liquid crystal molecules.

Wherein liquid crystal molecules of a part of the liquid crystal capsules in the direction of the electrode part of the plurality of liquid crystal capsules are oriented in accordance with the electric field when the electrode part forms an electric field in the liquid crystal capsule layer, The liquid crystal molecules of the capsule may not be oriented.

The display device includes a display panel for displaying an image and a backlight unit for providing light to the display panel, wherein the display panel includes a liquid crystal capsule layer having a plurality of liquid crystal capsules in which liquid crystal molecules are embedded, Wherein the thickness of the liquid crystal capsule layer may exceed a half of a ratio of a wavelength of incident light to a birefringence value of the liquid crystal molecule.

The plurality of liquid crystal capsules may include an outer wall layer forming an outer shape of the capsule and liquid crystal molecules distributed in the inner wall of the outer wall layer and oriented in accordance with an electric field.

The liquid crystal capsule layer may include a polymer matrix in which the plurality of liquid crystal capsules are distributed.

The display panel may further include a color conversion unit for changing the color of the incident light.

The display panel may further include a substrate on which the electrode unit or the color conversion unit is mounted, wherein the substrate may include a rigid substrate, a flexible substrate, or a rigid substrate.

The backlight unit may include at least one light source and a light guide plate on which the light emitted from the at least one light source is incident on the side surface and the light is emitted toward the display panel through one surface.

The backlight unit may include a substrate on which at least one light source and the at least one light source are installed on one surface of the display panel.

According to the display panel and the display device described above, since the display panel can be implemented using only a relatively small number of substrates, the manufacturing process can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

According to the above-described display panel and display device, since the liquid crystal arrangement in the display panel does not change even by an external pressure due to a touch operation or external impact, the optical characteristics are not changed, Can be obtained.

According to the above-described display panel and display device, even when a curved display panel or a flexible display panel is manufactured, since a single substrate is used, it is possible to realize a substrate having a very small curvature, It is possible to achieve a positive curvature different from the conventional display in which the curvatures between the substrates are different from each other.

Further, according to the above-described display panel and display device, since the alignment film and the sealant are not required, the manufacture of the display panel and the display device is simplified, and the cost reduction effect can be obtained.

Further, according to the above-described display panel and display device, since the ultraviolet light that can be generated in daily life is absorbed by the ultraviolet absorber, the influence of the ultraviolet light on the liquid crystal can be prevented or minimized.

In addition, according to the display panel and the display device described above, the difference in refractive index between the liquid crystal capsules, the liquid crystal molecules, and the polymer matrix is minimized, thereby preventing the light scattering in the display panel.

1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of a display device.
2 is a diagram showing an appearance of an embodiment of a display device.
3 is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of a display device.
4 is a side cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a display device.
5 is a side cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a display panel.
6A is a view showing an embodiment of a liquid crystal capsule.
6B is a view for explaining a state in which an electric field is formed in the liquid crystal capsule.
7A is a view showing an electric field formed on a liquid crystal capsule according to application of a power source in an embodiment of a display panel.
7B is a view showing a path of light in the display panel when no power source is turned on.
7C is a view showing the path of light in the display panel when the power is applied.
8 is a view for explaining the relationship between the thickness of the liquid crystal capsule layer, the birefringence value, and the wavelength of light.
9 is a side cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the display panel.
10 is a view showing an electric field formed in a liquid crystal capsule according to application of power source in another embodiment of the display panel.
11A is a view showing a state where an external pressure is applied to an existing display panel.
11B is a view showing a state in which an external pressure is applied to a display panel including a liquid crystal capsule.
12A is a view showing a state where a conventional display panel is bent.
12B is a view showing a state where the display panel including the liquid crystal capsule is bent.
13 is a view for explaining a state in which a light beam phenomenon due to a refractive index difference occurs.
FIG. 14 is a view for explaining a state in which a light leakage phenomenon does not occur by reducing the refractive index difference.
15 is a side sectional view of an example of a display panel further comprising an ultraviolet absorber.
16 is a side cross-sectional view of another example of a display panel further comprising an ultraviolet absorber.
17 is an exploded perspective view of another embodiment of the display device.
18 is a side cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the display device.

Hereinafter, various embodiments of the display panel and the display device will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 18. FIG.

1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of a display device.

1, the display device 10 includes a control unit 12, a power supply unit 13, and a display panel 100 (not shown) for displaying an image by transmitting or not transmitting the incident light L And a back light unit (BLU) 200 for emitting the light L toward the display panel 200.

The display panel 100 performs a function of generating an image and displaying it to a viewer. According to one embodiment, the display panel 100 receives light (L) provided from the backlight unit 200 on one surface, and changes the light corresponding to each sub-pixel for each sub-pixel, or The light whose color is changed or unchanged can be emitted to the outside through the other surface corresponding to the one surface on which the light L is received. In this case, light of a predetermined color may be emitted from one pixel of the display panel while light (L) corresponding to each sub-pixel is mixed. The display panel combines the light emitted from each pixel to generate an image, Lt; / RTI > Here, the pixel means a basic element which enables the function of the display, and the sub-pixel means a smaller region constituting each pixel.

The display panel 95 can control light emitted to the outside using a liquid crystal. According to another embodiment, the display panel 100 may include a light emitting diode (LED), a cold cathode fluorescent lamp, an organic light emitting diode (OLED), an active light emitting diode An organic light-emitting diode (Active-Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode), or the like, and display the image using the generated light. Details of the display panel 95 will be described later.

The backlight unit 200 generates light L of a predetermined color and diffuses the light L to be emitted to the display panel 100 so that the light L is incident on all the areas of one surface of the display panel 100 . The backlight unit 200 may cause white light or blue light to be incident on one surface of the display panel 100. The display panel 100 may include a color conversion unit 116 in FIG. 3, etc.), for example, color can be converted and emitted using a color filter. The backlight unit 200 can generate the light L using a direct down system or an edge system and emit the light L to the display panel 100 according to the embodiment. The backlight unit 200 will be described later in detail.

The control unit 12 may control various components of the display device 10 so that the display panel 100 performs necessary operations. For example, the control unit 12 controls the power supply unit 13 and the display panel 100 so that the display device 10 can display a predetermined still image or a moving image. The control unit 12 may include at least one processor, and the processor may be implemented using one or two or more semiconductor chips and various components for operation of the semiconductor chip. The display device 10 may further include a storage device (not shown) for storing various data to assist the operation of the processor. The storage device may include a ROM / RAM or a solid state driver (SSD) , A magnetic disk storage device such as a hard disk device, or the like.

The power supply unit 13 can supply the display panel 100 or the backlight unit 200 with power necessary for image output. The power supply unit 13 may be connected to an external commercial power supply 14. In this case, the power supply unit 13 rectifies the AC power supplied from the commercial power supply 14 to the DC power required for the operation of the display device 10, or changes the voltage to a required level, Can be removed. Depending on the embodiment, the power supply 13 may include a battery capable of storing power, and the battery may be rechargeable at the time of discharging according to an embodiment.

The display device 10 may be a television receiver, various audio / video systems, a home theater system, a desktop computer device, a computer monitor device, a camera device, a moving picture photographing device, Devices, and the like, which can display still images or moving images. Here, the portable terminal device may include various devices such as a notebook computer device, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a tablet PC, an electronic book terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a navigation terminal device, or a portable game device. In addition, a still image or a moving image can be displayed, and various devices used in a home or an industrial field can be an example of the above-described display device.

Hereinafter, a television receiver will be described as an example of the display device 10 as described above. However, the display device 10 is not limited to the television receiver described below, and may be implemented by various kinds of devices as described above.

Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of one embodiment of a display device, Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of a display device, and Fig. 4 is a side sectional view of an embodiment of a display device.

For convenience of explanation, the direction in which the image is displayed on the display device 10 is referred to as a forward direction, and the direction opposite to the forward direction with respect to the display device 10 is referred to as a backward direction. Further, the direction in which the supporting stand 18 or the like of the display device 10 is formed is referred to as the downward direction, and the direction opposite to the downward direction is referred to as the upward direction. If the forward direction is 12 o'clock in the upward direction, the 3 o'clock direction is called the right direction and the 9 o'clock direction is the left direction. 3, the upward direction of the drawing is the forward direction of the display device 10, and the downward direction of the drawing is the rear direction of the display device 10. [ The same applies to the other drawings. The definition of such a direction is for convenience of explanation, and the direction may be defined differently depending on the designer.

2, the display apparatus 10 may include an external housing 10a forming an external appearance, an image display unit 17 on which an image is displayed, a support base 18, and legs 19 .

The external housing 10a forms an exterior of the display device 10 and has a built-in component for displaying various images or performing various functions on the inside thereof. The external housing 10a may be integrally formed with a plurality of housings, for example, a combination of the front housing 11 and the rear housing 12. The intermediate housing 13 may be further provided inside the outer housing 10a.

The image display unit 17 is provided in all directions of the exterior housing 10a and can display various images on the outside. More specifically, the image display section 17 can display at least one or more still images or moving images. The image display unit 17 may be implemented using the display panel 100 and may be implemented using a separate component such as a touch screen panel that can be formed in front of the display panel 100 according to an embodiment.

The support base 18 functions to connect the outer housing 10a and the leg 19 while supporting the outer housing 10a. The support 18 may have various shapes and may be omitted depending on the designer's selection. The support 18 may be detachable from the outer housing 10a according to the embodiment.

The legs 19 are connected to the support 18 and allow the display device 10 to be stably mounted at various positions such as the floor surface or the upper surface of the furniture. The legs 19 can be coupled to or separated from the support 18 as needed. The legs 19 may be connected directly to the outer housing 10a. Legs 19 may be omitted, depending on the embodiment.

3 and 4, the display device 10 includes a housing 11, 12 for forming an enclosure, a display panel 100 for generating an image, a backlight unit (200).

According to one embodiment, the housings 11 and 12 may include a front housing 11 installed in the front direction and a rear housing 12 installed in the rear direction. According to the embodiment, the front housing 11 and the rear housing 12 may be integrally formed or separately formed so as to be able to be coupled to each other.

The front housing 11 is located in the frontmost direction of the display device 10 and can form an exterior of a front surface and / or a side surface of the display device 10. The front housing 11 can be coupled with the rear housing 12 to allow various components of the display device 10 to be embedded in the display device 10. [ The front housing 11 is provided to protect various components incorporated in the display device 10, for example, the display panel 100, from a direct external shock while stably fixing the display panel.

The front housing 11 includes a fixing part 11b located at the foremost direction of the display device 10 and forming a bezel and a side part 11a extending from the end of the fixing part 11b toward the rear housing 12, . ≪ / RTI > An opening 11c is formed in the front surface of the front housing 11. [ The side portion 11a can be engaged with the rear housing 12 to couple the front housing 11 and the rear housing 12 together. The side surface portion 11a can fix various components inside the display device 10 and protect various components built in the display device 10 from impacts transmitted in the lateral direction. The fixing portion 11b protrudes in the direction of the opening 11c to fix various components such as the display panel 100, thereby preventing the associated parts from being separated from the outside or partially exposed. The opening 11c exposes the display panel 100 to the outside so that an image formed by the display panel 100 can be displayed so that the user can view the image. Specifically, the aperture 11c causes an image formed by the light that has passed through the first polarizing filter 111 to be displayed on the outside.

The rear housing 12 is located in the rearmost position of the display device 10 and can form an exterior of a part of the back surface and / or the side surface of the display device 10. The rear housing 12 is coupled with the front housing 11 so that various components of the display device 10 can be embedded in the display device 10. [ The reflection plate 230 of the backlight unit 200 and the light emitting unit 240 may be installed on the inner surface of the rear housing 12.

Hereinafter, the display panel 100 will be described in more detail.

5 is a side cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a display panel.

3 to 5, the display panel 100 of the display device 100 includes a first polarizing portion 111, a liquid crystal capsule layer protecting portion 112, a liquid crystal capsule layer 120, an electrode layer 113, a color converting unit 116, a substrate 117, and a second polarizing unit 118. Some of these may be omitted or replaced with other components depending on the embodiment.

The first polarizing part 111 is capable of polarizing and emitting the incident light and is installed in the frontmost direction of the display panel 100. One surface of the first polarizing portion 111 is exposed to the outside through the opening 11c and the other surface located on the opposite side of the one surface is in contact with the liquid crystal capsule layer protecting portion 112 or the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 do. The first polarization section 111 may be implemented in the form of a film.

The light transmitted through the liquid crystal capsule layer protecting portion 112 or the light transmitted through the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 is incident on the other surface of the first polarizing portion 111. The light transmitted through the liquid crystal capsule layer protecting portion 112 or the light transmitted through the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 may be transmitted through the second polarizing portion 118 to be polarized in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction have. The light polarized in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction through the second polarizing section 118 passes through the first polarizing section 111 and is emitted to the outside according to the vibration direction or is blocked by the first polarizing section 111 .

The first polarization section 111 may include a vertical polarization filter whose polarization axis is vertical or a horizontal polarization filter whose polarization axis is horizontal. The polarization axis of the first polarization section 111 may be different from the polarization axis of the second polarization section 118. More specifically, the polarization axis of the first polarization section 111 and the polarization axis of the second polarization section 118 118 may be arranged to be orthogonal to each other. Accordingly, when the second polarizing section 118 is a vertical polarizing filter, the first polarizing section 111 may be a horizontal polarizing filter, and when the second polarizing section 118 is a horizontal polarizing filter, 111) may be a vertical polarization filter.

The liquid crystal capsule layer 120 is provided such that one surface in the front direction faces the first polarizing section 111. A plurality of liquid crystal capsules 122 may be provided in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120. When light is incident on the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 in the backward direction, the birefringence of light incident along the electric field applied to the liquid crystal capsule 122 . ≪ / RTI >

According to one embodiment, the liquid crystal capsule layer 12 may be formed on one surface of at least one of the electrode layer 113 and the substrate 117. In this case, the liquid crystal capsule layer 12 may be formed by applying one surface of at least one of the electrode layer 113 and the substrate 117 to a substantially constant thickness (d in Fig. 8).

According to one embodiment, the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 may include a polymer matrix 121 and a plurality of liquid crystal capsules 122 distributed in the polymer matrix 121.

The polymer matrix 121 means a structure composed of a polymer having a relatively large molecular weight. The polymer matrix 121 may be formed using a transparent material, for example, a synthetic resin. The polymer matrix 121 may be made of a material such as epoxy, polyurethane, methacrylic acid, dicyclopentadiene epoxy, polydicyclopentadiene or polyimide. A plurality of liquid crystal capsules 122 may be arbitrarily distributed in the polymer matrix 121.

FIG. 6A is a view showing an embodiment of a liquid crystal capsule, and FIG. 6B is a view for explaining a state in which an electric field is formed in the liquid crystal capsule.

The liquid crystal capsule 122 is encapsulated with liquid crystal molecules 123, and liquid crystal molecules are embedded inside. The liquid crystal capsules 122 may have a size of nano unit, and may have a shape of a circle or an ellipse having a diameter of about 10 nm to 300 nm, for example.

The liquid crystal capsules 122 may be manufactured by using an interfacial polymerization method or a complex coacervation method or a membrane emulsification method or an in-situ polymerization method have.

More specifically, the liquid crystal capsule 122 may include liquid crystal molecules 123, a surfactant 124, and a capsule outer wall layer 125.

The liquid crystal molecules 123 are distributed in the capsule outer wall layer 125 of the liquid crystal capsule 122. The liquid crystal molecules 123 can be arranged arbitrarily in the capsule outer wall layer 125 as shown in FIG. 6A if no separate electric field E is formed in the liquid crystal capsule 122, When a separate electric field E is formed in the liquid crystal capsule 122, it can be oriented along the direction of the electric field E formed as shown in FIG. 6B.

The liquid crystal molecules 123 may include positive liquid crystal molecules or negative liquid crystal molecules. The positive liquid crystal molecules are liquid crystal molecules arranged in the direction parallel to the direction of the applied electric field (E), and the negative liquid crystal molecules are liquid crystal molecules arranged in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the applied electric field (E). For example, when the liquid crystal molecules 123 are positive liquid crystal molecules, when the electric field E is formed from the upward direction to the downward direction as shown in FIG. 6B, the liquid crystal molecules 123 are aligned in the direction of the electric field E .

Surfactant 124 is distributed in capsule outer wall layer 125 of liquid crystal capsule 122. The surface active agent 124 may change the interaction force between the liquid crystal molecules 123 and the capsule outer wall layer 125 so that the liquid crystal molecules 123 may move or change direction somewhat freely within the capsule outer wall layer 125 do. The liquid crystal molecules 123 in the liquid crystal capsule 122 can be relatively easily oriented. The surfactant 124 may be injected into the liquid crystal capsule 122 as an additive. When the surfactant 124 is injected into the liquid crystal capsule 122, the surfactant 124 may be mainly distributed on the inner surface of the capsule outer wall layer 125 as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, The interaction force between capsule outer wall layer 125 can be changed. Depending on the embodiment, the surfactant 124 may be omitted.

The capsule outer wall layer 125 may be formed so that the liquid crystal molecules 123 are embedded inside the capsule outer wall layer 125, and the surfactant 124 may be further embedded according to the embodiment. The capsule outer wall layer 125 protects a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 123 from the inside and separates the plurality of liquid crystal molecules 123 from the polymer matrix 121 to form the capsular outer wall layer 125 in accordance with the deformation of the polymer matrix 121 by external pressure, It is possible to prevent a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 123 from being dispersed in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120. The capsule outer wall layer 125 may be made using a high molecular weight compound such as a polymer.

According to one embodiment, the dielectric constant DELTA epsilon of the liquid crystal molecules 123 may have a value of 10 or more. When the liquid crystal molecules 123 are oriented as shown in FIG. 6B, the birefringence value? N of the liquid crystal molecules 123 may have a value of 0.1 or more. The birefringence value? N indicates the magnitude of the optical anisotropy.

According to an embodiment, the liquid crystal capsule layer protecting part 112 may be provided between the first polarizing part 11 and the liquid crystal capsule layer 120. The liquid crystal capsule layer protecting portion 112 may provide a function of protecting the liquid crystal capsule layer 120. Specifically, when the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 is in contact with the outside air, the life of the material can be shortened due to the characteristics of the organic material. Therefore, the liquid crystal capsule layer protecting portion 112 is provided on one surface of the liquid crystal capsule layer protecting portion 112 in the forward direction to prevent the contact between the outside air and the liquid crystal capsule layer protecting portion 112 Can be blocked. And may also serve to maintain the original state or shape of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120. For example, a function of maintaining the original state of the coating film formed on the outer surface of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 may be provided. The liquid crystal capsule layer protecting portion 112 may be implemented using a predetermined protective film. The liquid crystal capsule layer protecting portion 112 may be omitted depending on the embodiment.

When the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 is provided as described above, since the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 can exist independently, a separate substrate may not be required in all directions, that is, the direction in which the first polarized light portion 111 is located have. Accordingly, the manufacturing process is simplified, and a curved display panel or a flexible display panel can be realized.

An electrode layer 113 for forming an electric field on the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 is formed on one surface of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 in the rear direction. According to one embodiment, the electrode layer 113 may have a structured electrode 115a or 115b by a fringe-field switching (FFS) method. The electrode arrangement structure of the fringe field switching type may include a PLS electrode arrangement structure or an ADS electrode arrangement structure.

According to one embodiment, the electrode layer 113 may include an insulating substrate 114, a pixel electrode 115a, and a common electrode 115b, as shown in FIG.

The insulating substrate 114 may be provided with a pixel electrode 113 on one side in the direction of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 and a common electrode 115b on a back side thereof. In this case, the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 may be formed on the insulating substrate 114 by attaching or depositing the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 on one surface of the insulating substrate 114. The insulating substrate 114 can provide a function of blocking current from flowing directly between the pixel electrode 113 and the common electrode 115b. The insulating substrate 114 may be formed of a transparent material so that light that has passed through the second polarizer 118 in the backward direction can be transmitted. For example, the insulating substrate 114 can be realized by using synthetic resin such as acrylic or glass. The insulating substrate 114 may comprise a rigid substrate, a flexible substrate, or a rigid substrate, depending on the embodiment. The hard-to-reach substrate refers to a multilayer substrate in which a flexible substrate or a rigid substrate is attached to each other.

The pixel electrode 115a is provided against the common electrode 115b around the insulating substrate 114 and can apply current to the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 together with the common electrode 115b. The pixel electrode 115a may be provided such that one surface of the pixel electrode 115a is in contact with or in close proximity to the liquid crystal capsule layer 120. [ The pixel electrode 115a may be a negative (-) cathode or a positive (+) anode. The pixel electrode 115a may be implemented using a thin film transistor (TFT) according to an embodiment. The pixel electrode 115a may be connected to an external power source to receive power.

A plurality of pixel electrodes 115a, 115c, and 115d may be provided on the insulating substrate 114. [ The pixel electrodes 115a, 115c and 115d may be provided on the insulating substrate 114 in a predetermined pattern and the arrangement pattern of the pixel electrodes 115a, 115c and 115d may be arranged on the display panel 100, In the case of FIG. The pattern in which the pixel electrodes 115a, 115c, and 115d are arranged can be variously determined according to the designer's choice.

The plurality of pixel electrodes 115c and 115d may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance w1. In this case, the widths w2 and w3 of the pixel electrodes 115c and 115d may be greater than the distance w1 between the plurality of pixel electrodes 115c and 115d. The widths w2 and w3 of the pixel electrodes 115c and 115d are set such that the distance between the left end and the right end of the pixel electrodes 115c and 115d or the distance between the upper end and the lower end of the pixel electrodes 115c and 115d is it means. In other words, each of the plurality of pixel electrodes 115c and 115d may be larger than the distance between the pixel electrodes 115c and 115d.

The common electrode 115b applies a current to the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 together with the pixel electrode 115a so that the liquid crystal molecules 123 in the liquid crystal capsule 121 in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 are oriented. The common electrode 115b may have a polarity opposite to that of the pixel electrode 115a. For example, when the pixel electrode 115a is a cathode, the common electrode 115b is an anode, and when the pixel electrode 115a is an anode, the common electrode 115b may be a cathode. And one surface of the common electrode 115b in the forward direction may be formed to be in contact with the rear surface of the insulating substrate 114. [ According to one embodiment, the rear surface of the common electrode 115b may be provided so as to be in contact with or close to the color conversion portion 116. [

Hereinafter, the electric field formed in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 and the light path thereof when power is applied to both electrodes 114 and 115 of the display panel 100 will be described.

FIG. 7A is a view showing an electric field formed in a liquid crystal capsule according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7B is a view showing a path of light in a display panel when the power source is turned off. 7C is a view showing the path of light in the display panel when the power is applied.

When electric power is applied to the pixel electrodes 114a and 114b and the common electrode 115b of the electrode layer 113, a gap between the pixel electrodes 114a and 114b and the common electrode 115b, (E1, fringe field) may be formed. The fringe field E1 is directed from the outside to the inside of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 on one side of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 and is changed in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120, ) Of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 on the same side of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120. When an electric field is formed inside the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 by such a fringe field E1, an electric field in a predetermined direction, for example, a transverse electric field, may be applied to the liquid crystal molecules 123 in the liquid crystal capsule 122. When an electric field in a predetermined direction is applied to the liquid crystal molecules 123 as described above, the liquid crystal molecules 123 are oriented in a predetermined direction and the liquid crystal molecules 123 are aligned according to the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 123 in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 The light incident on the other surface in the rear direction of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 is birefringent and can be emitted to one surface of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 in all directions.

7B, if the electric field E1 is not formed in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120, the liquid crystal molecules 123 in the liquid crystal capsule 122 may be arranged arbitrarily. In this case, birefringence does not occur in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120, so that the light L11 that has passed through the second polarization unit 118 and the liquid crystal capsule 122 can not pass through the first polarization unit 111 L12). Accordingly, the light is not emitted to the outside through the first polarization unit 111, and the display panel 100 appears black.

Conversely, referring to FIG. 7C, when the electric field E1 is formed in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120, the liquid crystal molecules 123 may be oriented in the liquid crystal capsule 122. FIG. In this case, since the light L21 transmitted through the second polarizing section 118 and incident on the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 causes birefringence while passing through the liquid crystal capsule 122, the second polarizing section 118, The light L12 having passed through the capsule layer 120 can be emitted to the outside through the first polarizer 111 (L22). Accordingly, when the electric field E1 is formed in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120, the display panel 100 can emit light of a predetermined color system, for example, white system light, blue system light, green system light, Light can be output to the outside, and a predetermined still image or moving image of various colors can be expressed.

8 is a view for explaining the relationship between the thickness of the liquid crystal capsule layer, the birefringence value, and the wavelength of light.

As shown in FIG. 8, the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 may have a predetermined thickness d. Here, the thickness d means a distance between one surface of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 and the other surface. One surface of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 is a surface in contact with the first polarizing portion 111 or the liquid crystal capsule layer protecting portion 112 and the other surface is a surface in contact with the electrode layer 113. [ In this case, the thickness d of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 may have any value between 10 and 100 nm, but this is merely an example, and the thickness of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120, The thickness (d) of the substrate W can be variously determined.

The thickness d of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 is set such that the incident light L with respect to the birefringence value n of the liquid crystal molecules 123 of the liquid crystal capsule 122 distributed in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120, Of the wavelength? Of wavelength?

In other words, the relationship between the thickness d of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120, the birefringence value? N, and the wavelength? Of the light L can be expressed by the following equation (1).

As described above, in the equation (1),? N denotes the birefringence value of the liquid crystal molecules 123, d denotes the thickness of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120, and? Denotes the wavelength of the light L. As described above,? N can be given as a value of 0.1 or more.

If the product between? N and d (left side of Equation 1) is equal to or smaller than 0.5? (Right side of Equation 1), contrary to Equation 1, light is not emitted from the first polarization unit 111 Or even if the light is emitted, the luminance of the emitted light is lowered. 7A, even if the electric field E1 is formed in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120, it is not necessary that all the liquid crystal capsules 122 are affected by the electric field E1 formed by the electrode layer 113 Because.

8, when power is applied to the electrode layer 113, an electric field, for example, a fringe field E2 is applied only to a part of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 . An electric field E2 may be formed only in a part of the liquid crystal capsules 122a adjacent to the electrode layer 113 in the liquid crystal capsules 122 in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120. [ A part of the liquid crystal capsules 122b positioned in the direction of the first polarizing part 111 of the liquid crystal capsule 122 in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120, that is, a part of the liquid crystal capsules 122b spaced apart from the electrode layer 113 by a predetermined distance, Such an electric field E2 may not be formed in the second electrode 122b. The liquid crystal molecules 123a in the liquid crystal capsules 122a disposed adjacent to the electrode layer 113 in the liquid crystal capsule 122a and having the electric field E2 are aligned in accordance with the electric field E2 formed, The liquid crystal molecules 123b in the liquid crystal capsules 122b which are apart from the electrode layer 113 and in which the electric field E2 is not formed may not be aligned or may lack orientation even if power is applied to the electrode layer 113. [ As described above, the liquid crystal molecules 123a in the liquid crystal capsules 122a are oriented, but the liquid crystal molecules 123b in the other liquid crystal capsules 122b are not aligned, or the degree of orientation is relatively insufficient. Sufficient light can not be emitted from the portion 111. Thus, the brightness of light emitted from the display panel 100 is lowered.

The thickness d of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 is set to a value corresponding to the birefringence value n of the liquid crystal molecules 123 of the liquid crystal capsule 122 distributed in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 as described in the above- The brightness of the light emitted from the display panel 100 is not lowered even if the electric field E2 is formed only in a part of the liquid crystal capsules 122a . Specifically, if the thickness d of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 is set to exceed the half of the ratio of the wavelength? Of the light L to the birefringence value? N of the liquid crystal molecules 123, Since the polarization axis of the light L incident on the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 sufficiently changes to correspond to the polarization axis of the first polarization section 111, the light transmitted through the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 is suitable for the first polarization section 111 . ≪ / RTI > Therefore, the still image or the moving image represented by the display panel 100 is displayed with sufficient brightness, thereby improving the visibility.

5, 7A, and 8, in one embodiment, a color conversion unit 116 is provided on one surface of the rear side of the electrode layer 113, specifically on the rear surface of the common electrode 115b .

The color conversion unit 116 provides a function of converting incident light of a predetermined color into light of another color or outputting it without converting it into light of another color. For example, the color conversion unit 116 converts white-system light incident on one side in the backward direction into blue-system light, green-system light, or red-system light, And can be transmitted to the liquid crystal capsule layer 120.

The color conversion portion 116 may be provided between the electrode layer 113 and the substrate 117. [ Therefore, the front surface of the color conversion portion 116 is in contact with or close to the rear surface of the electrode layer 113, specifically, the rear surface of the common electrode 115b, As shown in FIG. The color conversion unit 116 may be formed by being coated, adhered, or deposited on one surface of the substrate 117 in all directions.

According to one embodiment, the color conversion unit 116 includes a red light conversion element 116a that converts white light into red light when white light is incident, And a blue light conversion element 116c for converting white light into blue light. The blue light conversion element 116b converts the white light into blue light. At least one of the red system light emitted from the red light conversion element 116a, the green system light emitted from the green light conversion element 116b, and the blue light emitted from the blue light conversion element 116c, Layer 120 and the first polarizing part 111 and at least one of the light of the red system, the light of the green system and the light of the blue system emitted to the outside may be mixed or not mixed So that the display panel 100 can display a predetermined color on a specific pixel.

The red light conversion element 116a, the green light conversion element 116b, and the blue light conversion element 116c may be in contact with each other or may be spaced apart from each other by a certain distance. When the red photoconversion device 116a, the green photoconversion device 116b, and the blue photoconversion device 116c are spaced apart from each other, a blocking wall may be provided therebetween.

The red light conversion element 116a, the green light conversion element 116b and the blue light conversion element 116c may be arranged on the substrate 117 in a predetermined pattern, Pixel may correspond to a sub-pixel. The red photoconversion device 116a, the green photoconversion device 116b, and the blue photoconversion device 116c may have the same size or different sizes from each other. The numbers of the red, green, and blue photoconversion devices 116a, 116b, and 116c disposed on the same substrate 117 may be different from each other. For example, the red light conversion element 116a and the green light conversion element 116b may be disposed more than the blue light conversion element 116c.

According to another embodiment, the color conversion unit 116 includes a red light conversion element 116a that converts blue light into red light when blue light is incident through the second polarization unit 118, A green light conversion element 116b for converting blue light into green light, and a transmission element (not shown) for transmitting blue light.

The red photoconversion device 116a, the green photoconversion device 116b, and the blue photoconversion device 116c may be implemented using a red color filter, a green color filter, and a blue color filter, respectively. In one embodiment, at least one of the red, green, and blue photoconversion devices 116a, 116b, and 116c is implemented using a quantum dot to convert the color of light, It may be.

The light converted and emitted by the color conversion unit 116 may be incident on the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 via the electrode layer 113.

The substrate 117 may be provided so that the respective color conversion elements 116a to 116c of the color conversion portion 116 can be seated on one surface in all directions. A second polarizing portion 118 may be provided on one surface of the substrate 117 in the backward direction. The substrate 117 may be a printed circuit board. According to one embodiment, the substrate 117 may comprise a rigid substrate, a flexible substrate, or a rigid substrate. When the flexible substrate is used as the substrate 117, the display panel 100 can be curved in a predetermined direction.

The second polarizing section 118 can polarize the light incident from the backlight unit 200. Only the light that vibrates in the same direction as the polarization axis of the second polarizing portion 118 among the light incident on the second polarizing portion 118 is incident on the sub-substrate 117. The second polarizing portion 118 may be provided such that one surface thereof is in contact with or adjacent to one surface of the substrate 117 in the backward direction. According to one embodiment, the second polarizing portion 118 may include a vertical polarizing filter or a horizontal polarizing filter. The polarization axis of the second polarization section 118 may be different from the polarization axis of the first polarization section 111. Specifically, the polarization axis of the second polarization section 118 may be different from the polarization axis of the first polarization section 111, And can be orthogonal to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate. Accordingly, when the first polarizing section 111 is a vertical polarizing filter, the second polarizing section 118 may be a horizontal polarizing filter, and when the first polarizing section 111 is a horizontal polarizing filter, May be a vertical polarization filter.

FIG. 9 is a side sectional view of another embodiment of the display panel, and FIG. 10 is a view showing an electric field formed in the liquid crystal capsule according to the application of power to another embodiment of the display panel.

9 and 10, the display panel 100 includes a first polarizing portion 111, a liquid crystal capsule layer protecting portion 112, a liquid crystal capsule layer 120, an electrode layer 113, A color conversion unit 116 may be provided between the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 and the electrode layer 113. The color conversion unit 116 may include a color conversion unit 116, a substrate 117, and a second polarizing unit 118, Some of these may be omitted or replaced with other components depending on the embodiment.

Since the first polarizing section 111, the liquid crystal capsule layer protecting section 112, the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 and the second polarizing section 118 have been described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 8, detailed description thereof will be omitted .

According to one embodiment, the color conversion unit 116 may be provided such that one surface arranged in the forward direction is in contact with or close to one surface of the rear surface of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120. Specifically, one surface of the red light conversion element 116a, the green light conversion element 116b, and the blue light conversion element 116c of the color conversion unit 116 in the forward direction is disposed on one side of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 in the backward direction As shown in FIG. The color conversion unit 116 may be provided such that the other surface arranged in the backward direction is in contact with or close to the electrode layer 113. [ That is to say, one surface of the red light conversion element 116a, the green light conversion element 116b and the blue light conversion element 116c in the rear direction is in contact with the pixel electrode 115a and the substrate 114 of the electrode layer 113 May be provided adjacent to each other. In other words, the color conversion unit 116 may be provided between the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 and the electrode layer 113.

One surface of the electrode layer 113 may be in contact with or close to the color conversion portion 116 and one surface of the electrode layer 113 may be provided in contact with or close to one surface of the substrate 117 in all directions. As described above, the electrode layer 113 may include a substrate 114, a pixel electrode 115a, and a common electrode 115b. At least one of the substrate 114 and the pixel electrode 115a may include a color conversion unit 116 And the common electrode 115b is provided so as to be in contact with or adjacent to the substrate 117. [ In this case, the substrate 117 can be designed so that the common electrode 115b can be seated. The electrode layer 113 can form an electric field, for example, a fringe field E3, in accordance with the power source applied to the pixel electrode 115a and the common electrode 115b, as shown in Fig. The formed electric field E3 may be formed in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 and the color conversion portion 116.

When the liquid crystal capsule layer 120, the electrode layer 113, the color conversion portion 116 and the substrate 117 are disposed as described above, the electrode layer 113 is formed between the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 and the color conversion portion 116 And is spaced a certain distance. Therefore, the electric field formed by the electrode layer 113, for example, the fringe field E3, may be formed only in a part of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120, as shown in FIG. An electric field E3 is formed only in a part of the liquid crystal capsules 122a adjacent to the electrode layer 113 in the liquid crystal capsule 122 in the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 and a part of the liquid crystal capsules 122a spaced apart from the electrode layer 113 by a predetermined distance Such an electric field E3 may not be formed in the liquid crystal capsule 122b. Therefore, the liquid crystal molecules 123a of some of the liquid crystal capsules 122a are oriented and the liquid crystal molecules 123b of the other liquid crystal capsules 122b are not oriented. As described above, this causes a decrease in luminance emitted from the display panel 100.

In this case, the thickness d of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 is set such that the ratio of the wavelength? Of the incident light L to the birefringence value? N of the liquid crystal molecules 123, The brightness of the light emitted from the display panel 100 can be prevented from being lowered even if the electric field E3 is formed only in a part of the liquid crystal capsules 122a.

11A to 12B, the effect of the display panel 100 will be described in more detail.

11A is a view showing a state where an external pressure is applied to a conventional display panel, and FIG. 11B is a view showing a state where an external pressure is applied to a display panel including a liquid crystal capsule.

11A, a group of liquid crystal molecules 98 are arranged in a plurality of rows in a liquid crystal layer 99 of a conventional display panel and aligned in a predetermined direction in accordance with an applied electric field, Lt; / RTI > In this case, when the external pressure F1 is applied to one region z1 of the liquid crystal layer 99 of the display panel, one region z1 of the liquid crystal layer 99 to which the external pressure F1 is applied may be recessed inward have. In this case, the liquid crystal molecules 98a around the depressed zone z1 are twisted in accordance with the external pressure F1 to change their arrangement. Therefore, the arrangement between the liquid crystal molecules 98a around the recessed zone z1 and the liquid crystal molecules 98b in the other zone becomes different. Such a change in the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 98a causes a light scattering phenomenon in the display panel. Accordingly, the display of the dark portion of the display panel may be degraded. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 11B, in the case of a display panel including the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 in which the liquid crystal capsules 122 are distributed in the polymer matrix 121, the external pressure F2 is applied to the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 The liquid crystal molecules 123 are protected in the liquid crystal capsule 122, and the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 123 itself is not changed. Therefore, even if the external pressure F2 is present, the above-described light leakage does not occur, and the optical characteristics of the display panel do not change.

FIG. 12A is a view showing a state where a conventional display panel is warped, and FIG. 12B is a view illustrating a state where a display panel including a liquid crystal capsule is bent.

As shown in FIG. 12A, when the display panel is warped or warped, such as a curved display panel or a flexible display panel, the liquid crystal layer 97 is also bent according to the warp of the display panel. When the liquid crystal layer 97 is bent, the curvatures between one surface and the other surface of the liquid crystal layer 97 may be different from each other, and thus the distances between the liquid crystal molecules 96 in the liquid crystal layer 97 are different from each other . In other words, the distance between the liquid crystal molecules 96a adjacent to the outer surface 97a of the liquid crystal layer 97 becomes longer than the distance between the liquid crystal molecules 96b adjacent to the inner side surface 97b. Therefore, it is difficult to maintain the interval between the liquid crystal molecules 96. On the other hand, in the case of the display panel including the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 in which the liquid crystal capsules 122 are distributed in the polymer matrix 121 as shown in FIG. 12B, the liquid crystal molecules 123 are distributed in the liquid crystal capsules 122 The gap between the liquid crystal molecules 123 does not greatly change even if the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 is bent. Accordingly, it is not necessary to consider the interval between the liquid crystal molecules 123, so that the curved display panel or the flexible display panel can be manufactured more easily.

The light emitted from the backlight unit 200 is incident on the display panel 100 and the light emitted from the backlight unit 200 is incident on the rear surface of the second polarizer 118 of the display panel 100, The light of the predetermined color emitted from the light source is incident.

FIG. 13 is a view for explaining a state in which a light leakage phenomenon due to a refractive index difference occurs, and FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining a state in which a light leakage phenomenon is not generated by reducing a refractive index difference.

The refractive index n_c of the liquid crystal molecules 123 in the liquid crystal capsule 122 and the refractive index n_w of the capsule outer wall layer 125 surrounding the liquid crystal molecules 123 and the refractive index n_m of the polymer matrix 121 are They may be different from each other.

In this case, the difference (n_c-n_w |) between the refractive index n_c of the liquid crystal molecules 123 and the refractive index n_w of the capsule outer wall layer 125, the refractive index n_w of the capsule outer wall layer 125, The difference (n_c-n_m) between the refractive index (n_m) of the matrix 121 and / or the refractive index (n_c) of the liquid crystal molecule 123 and the refractive index n_m of the polymer matrix 121, n_m |) can be considerably large. 13, when the difference (? N_c-n_w |, | n_c-n_m | or | n_c-n_m | or | n_w-n_m |) of the refractive indexes has a considerably large value, The light L31 transmitted through the second polarizing section 118, the substrate 117, the color conversion section 116 and the electrode layer 113 and entering the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 passes through the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 And refracted due to the difference (? N_c-n_w |, | n_c-n_m | or | n_w-n_m |) of the refractive indices thereof. Accordingly, light leakage may occur around the boundary of the display panel 100, for example, the display panel 100.

The liquid crystal molecules 123, the capsule outer wall layer 125 and the polymer matrix 121 are arranged in such a manner that the refractive indexes of the liquid crystal molecules 123, the capsule outer wall layer 125, and the polymer matrix 121 are different from each other (N_c, n_w, n_m) among the refractive index n_c of the liquid crystal molecules 123, the refractive index n_w of the capsule outer wall layer 125, and the refractive index n_m of the polymer matrix 121 Can be reduced to 0.1 or less by using a material.

In other words, the difference (n_c-n_w |) between the refractive index n_c of the liquid crystal molecule 123 and the refractive index n_w of the capsule outer wall layer 125 is smaller than 0.1 and the refractive index of the capsule outer wall layer 125 (n_m) between the refractive index n_w of the polymer matrix 121 and the refractive index n_m of the polymer matrix 121 is also smaller than 0.1 and the refractive index n_c of the liquid crystal molecule 123 and the refractive index n_m of the polymer matrix 121 (N_c-n_m |)) may also be set to be smaller than 0.1.

For example, when the polymer matrix 121 is a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) having a refractive index of about 1.5, the liquid crystal molecules 123 and the capsule outer wall layer 125 have a refractive index between about 1.4 and 1.6 And can be implemented using various materials.

When the liquid crystal molecules 123, the capsule outer wall layer 125 and the polymer matrix 121 have a refractive index difference of any two of the liquid crystal molecules 123, the capsule outer wall layer 125 and the polymer matrix 121 of 0.1 The incident light L32 is less refracted or hardly refracted as shown in FIG. 14, so that the light scattering phenomenon as described above does not occur in the display panel 100. As shown in FIG.

15 is a side sectional view of an example of a display panel further comprising an ultraviolet absorber.

15, the display panel 100 includes a first polarizing portion 111, a liquid crystal capsule layer protecting portion 112, a liquid crystal capsule layer 120, an electrode layer 113, a color converting portion 116, A substrate 117, and a second polarizer 118. The first polarizer 118 and the second polarizer 118 may be the same. The liquid crystal capsule layer 120 may include a polymer matrix 121 and a liquid crystal capsule 122 distributed randomly or in a predetermined pattern in the polymer matrix 121. The description thereof has been described above, so that the details thereof are omitted.

According to one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15, not only the liquid crystal capsules 122 but also the ultraviolet absorbent 131 may be further distributed in the polymer matrix 121.

The ultraviolet absorbent 131 is provided so as to absorb all or a part of the ultraviolet ray U1 incident from the outside into the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 of the display panel. For example, the ultraviolet absorber 131 may be provided so as to absorb light of a wavelength region of about 400 nm or less. The ultraviolet absorber 131 may have the form of powder or particles.

Referring to FIG. 15, the ultraviolet absorber 131 may be distributed in the polymer matrix 121, arbitrarily or in a predetermined pattern.

The ultraviolet absorber 131 may be added and added to the polymer matrix 121 before the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 is applied to the electrode layer 113 and / or the substrate 117, May be applied to the polymer matrix 121 after being applied to the substrate 113 and / or substrate 117. The ultraviolet absorber 131 may be injected into the polymer matrix 121 simultaneously or sequentially when the liquid crystal capsules 122 are injected into the polymer matrix 121. In this case, the ultraviolet absorber 131 is formed in the polymer matrix 121 so that the weight of the added ultraviolet absorber 131 has a specific weight of about 1% or less than 1% of the weight of the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 as a whole. As shown in FIG.

After the ultraviolet absorber 131 is added to and added to the polymer matrix 121, the polymer matrix 121 may be irradiated with ultrasound or the like. In this case, the ultraviolet absorber 131 can be evenly distributed throughout the liquid crystal capsule layer 121 while being vibrated and moved by the irradiated ultrasonic waves.

The ultraviolet absorber 131 may be formed using various materials that can absorb ultraviolet rays and can be considered by designers. Examples of the ultraviolet absorber 131 include a benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber, a triazine series Of ultraviolet absorber, oxalanilide ultraviolet absorber, and / or benzophenone ultraviolet absorber.

16 is a side cross-sectional view of another example of a display panel further comprising an ultraviolet absorber.

According to another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, the ultraviolet absorber 132 may be dispersed in the liquid crystal capsule 122. In this case, it is also possible that the ultraviolet absorbent 132 exists in a part of the liquid crystal capsules of the plurality of liquid crystal capsules 122 in the matrix 121, and the ultraviolet absorbent 132 does not exist in the other liquid crystal capsules . In addition, the amount of the ultraviolet absorber 132 in each liquid crystal capsule 122 may be different from each other. That is, the number of particles of the ultraviolet absorbent 132 existing in some of the liquid crystal capsules 122 may be larger than the number of particles of the ultraviolet absorbent 132 existing in some of the liquid crystal capsules 122. Of course, the amount of the ultraviolet absorbent 132 distributed in each liquid crystal capsule 122 may be approximately the same or similar to each other.

The ultraviolet absorbent 132 existing inside the liquid crystal capsule 122 is also provided so as to absorb all or a part of the ultraviolet light U2 incident from the outside into the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 of the display panel And can absorb, for example, less than about 400 nm wavelength range of light.

According to one embodiment, the ultraviolet absorber 132 may be added to the inside of the liquid crystal capsule 122 by being packed by the capsule outer wall layer 125 together with the liquid crystal molecules 123 when the liquid crystal molecules 123 are encapsulated. have. According to another embodiment, the ultraviolet absorber 132 may be added to the inside of the liquid crystal capsule 122 by being additionally added into the liquid crystal capsule 122 after the liquid crystal molecule 123 is encapsulated to form the liquid crystal capsule 122 It is possible.

The ultraviolet absorbent 132 added to the liquid crystal capsule 122 can be formed of various materials capable of absorbing ultraviolet rays like the ultraviolet absorbent 131 added to the polymer matrix 121. For example, Based ultraviolet absorber, triazine-based ultraviolet absorber, oxalanilide-based ultraviolet absorber, and / or benzophenone-based ultraviolet absorber.

15 and 16 show an example in which the ultraviolet absorbers 131 and 132 are present only in one of the polymer matrix 121 and the liquid crystal capsule 122. This is merely an example and the ultraviolet absorber 131, 132 may exist and be distributed in both the interior of the polymer matrix 121 and the liquid crystal capsule 122, for example. In addition, the ultraviolet absorbers 131 and 132 may be provided at other portions than the polymer matrix 121 and the liquid crystal capsule 122, depending on the designer's selection. If the ultraviolet absorbers 131 and 132 are present in both the polymer matrix 121 and the liquid crystal capsule 122, the ultraviolet absorber 131 in the polymer matrix 121 and the ultraviolet absorber 131 in the liquid crystal capsule 121 The absorbent 132 may be implemented using a homogeneous material, or may be implemented using a different material.

3 and 4, the backlight unit 200 may include an optical plate 210, a diffusion plate 220, a reflection plate 230, and a light emitting unit 240. [ Some of these may be omitted or replaced with other components depending on the embodiment.

The light emitting portion 240 may include a substrate 241 and a light source 242 mounted on the substrate 241 and emitting light.

The substrate 241 has a shape of a flat plate or a bar and is provided so that at least one light source 242 can be mounted. For example, a plurality of light sources 242 may be mounted on one substrate 241 in a line or in various patterns. Or only one light source 242 may be mounted on one substrate 241. A driving power supply line or the like for supplying driving power to the light source 242 may be formed on the substrate 241 and connected to a signal cable (not shown) and a backlight driving circuit (not shown). The substrate 241 may be made of various materials such as synthetic resin or the like and may be made of a transparent material such as polymethylmethacrylate resin or a glass plate according to an embodiment. The display device 100 may include a plurality of substrates 241.

The light sources 242 may be arranged on the substrate 241 in a predetermined pattern, and at least one may be provided. The light source 242 may be provided such that the pattern in which the light source 242 is disposed corresponds to the arrangement pattern of the color conversion elements (116a to 116c in Fig. 5) of the color conversion unit 116 in the display panel 100. [ However, the arrangement pattern of the light source 242 is not limited thereto, and the light source 242 may be disposed on the substrate 241 in various patterns that can be considered by the designer.

The light source 242 can irradiate light of a predetermined color in various directions. Here, light of a predetermined color may include white-based light or blue-based light. The light of the white system means light which is generated by mixing a plurality of lights having different wavelengths and visually shows white or a color close to the visual. The light of the blue system means light having a wavelength of about 400 nm to 500 nm and visually appearing as blue or a similar color.

The light source 242 may be implemented using, for example, an incandescent lamp, a halogen lamp, a fluorescent lamp, a sodium lamp, a mercury lamp, a fluorescent mercury lamp, a xenon lamp, an arc lamp, an neon tube lamp, . In addition, various light emitting means that a designer may consider may be employed as the light source 242.

The light emitted from the light source 242 may be directly irradiated in the front direction, that is, in the direction of the display panel 100, or in the front direction after being reflected on the reflection plate 230.

The reflection plate 230 may be installed inside the rear housing 12 and may reflect light traveling in the rear direction, side direction or rear side direction after being emitted from the light source 242 in the front direction or the corresponding direction .

According to one embodiment, the reflection plate 230 may be provided with at least one through hole 232 through which the light source 242 is inserted. The light source 242 may be installed so as to be inserted into the through hole 232 in the back surface direction of the reflection plate 230 and exposed in the direction of the reflection surface 231. Of course, the reflection plate 230 may not be provided with the through hole 232 according to the embodiment. In this case, the light source 242 may be installed on a separate substrate (not shown) provided on the reflection surface 231 of the reflection plate 230, and more specifically, . The separate substrate may be made of a transparent material capable of transmitting light.

The reflection plate 230 may be made of a synthetic resin such as polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or may be made of various metal materials. In addition, the reflection plate 230 can be manufactured using various materials that can be considered by the designer.

According to one embodiment, at least one optical plate 210 and at least one diffusion plate 220 may be provided in the front direction of the reflection plate 230. The respective sheets 211 to 213 of the optical plate 210 and the diffusion plate 220 are laminated.

The light emitted from the light source 242 or reflected by the reflection plate 230 may be incident on at least one diffuser plate 220. The diffusion plate 220 may function to diffuse the incident light. The diffusion plate 220 can perform a function of spreading the light incident from the light source 242 and spreading the light uniformly in all the areas of the display panel 100. The diffusion plate 220 may be omitted according to the embodiment. The light emitted from the light source 242 and passing through the diffuser plate 220 may be incident on the optical plate 210.

The optical plate 210 may provide a function of diffusing incident light or protecting various sheets. The optical plate 210 may have at least one protective sheet 211, at least one prism sheet 212, and at least one diffusion sheet 213, for example, . The protective sheet 211, the prism sheet 212, and the diffusion sheet 213 are each provided to have a film shape.

The protective sheet 211 can be disposed adjacent to the second polarizing portion 118 and can protect parts such as the prism film 212 and the diffusion sheet 213 from external stimuli or foreign matter.

The prism sheet 212 can refract the light diffused in the diffusion sheet 213 so that light is incident on the second polarizing portion 118 of the display panel 100 in a direction perpendicular to the first polarizing portion 118. The prisms may be arranged in a predetermined pattern on one side of the prism sheet 212. According to an embodiment, the display device 10 may include a plurality of prism sheets 212. [

The diffusion sheet 213 functions to cancel the pattern of the diffusion plate 220 described above. When the light scattered by the diffusion plate 220 directly enters into the eye, the pattern formed on the diffusion plate 220 is directly exposed to the eye. The diffusion sheet 213 cancels the pattern of the diffusion plate 220 Or minimized.

The optical plate 210 may include one or more of the protective sheet 211, the diffusion sheet 213, and the prism sheet 212, as described above, or may not include at least one of them, More sheets may be included. The optical plate 210 may also include a composite sheet in which the functions of the respective sheets 211 to 213 are combined. Depending on the embodiment, the optical plate 210 may be omitted.

The light transmitted through the optical plate 210 may be incident on one surface of the rear surface of the display panel 100, and may be specifically incident on the second polarizer 118.

An intermediate housing 13 may be provided between the optical plate 210 and the second polarizing part 118. The intermediate housing 13 can fix the backlight unit 120 or partition the display panel 110 and the backlight unit 120 from each other. The intermediate housing 13 may include protrusions protruding toward the display panel 110 and the backlight unit 120 and may fix the backlight unit 120 using protrusions. The intermediate housing 13 may be integrally formed with the front housing 11 or the rear housing 12 and may be omitted according to the embodiment.

17 is an exploded perspective view of another embodiment of the display device, and Fig. 18 is a side sectional view of another embodiment of the display device.

17 and 18, according to another embodiment of the display device 20, the display device 10 includes a housing 21, 22, 23 for forming an enclosure, a display panel (100), and a backlight unit (300) for supplying light to the panel.

According to one embodiment, the housings 21 and 22 may include a front housing 21 installed in the front direction and a rear housing 22 installed in the rear direction. The display device 20 may further include an intermediate housing 23 according to an embodiment.

Since the front housing 21, the rear housing 22 and the intermediate housing 23 have been described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, a detailed description thereof will be omitted below.

The display panel 100 includes a first polarizing portion 111, a liquid crystal capsule layer protecting portion 112, a liquid crystal capsule layer 120, an electrode layer 113, a color converting portion 116, a substrate 117, And the electrode layer 113 may include an insulating substrate 114, a pixel electrode 115a, and a common electrode 115b. Some of these may be omitted or replaced with other components depending on the embodiment.

The liquid crystal capsule layer 120 may include a polymer matrix and a liquid crystal capsule distributed in a polymer matrix. The liquid crystal capsule may include a liquid crystal molecule oriented in accordance with an electric field and a capsule outer wall layer in which liquid crystal molecules are embedded . The liquid crystal capsules may be provided so as to further contain a surfactant, if necessary.

The first polarizing portion 111, the liquid crystal capsule layer protecting portion 112, the liquid crystal capsule layer 120, the electrode layer 113, the insulating substrate 114, the pixel electrode 115a, the common electrode 115b, The liquid crystal capsules of the first polarizing plate 116, the substrate 117, the second polarizing plate 118, and the liquid crystal capsule layer 120 have been described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 12, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The backlight unit 300 may include an optical plate 310, a diffuser plate 320, a substrate 330, a light source 331, a light guide plate 332, and a reflector plate 333.

The substrate 330 is provided so that at least one light source 331 can be mounted on one surface. The substrate 330 is provided to support at least one light source 331 and a driving power supply line or the like for supplying driving power to the light source 331 may be formed on the substrate 330. The substrate 330 may be made of a material such as synthetic resin. The substrates 330a and 330b may be formed on the left and right sides with respect to the light guide plate 332. [

At least one light source 331 may be mounted on one surface of the substrate 300 in a predetermined pattern. The light source 331 emits light of a predetermined color, and the emitted light of a predetermined color is incident on the side surface of the light guide plate 332. Here, light of a predetermined color may include white-based light or blue-based light.

The at least one light source 331 may include various light emitting means such as an incandescent lamp, a halogen lamp, a fluorescent lamp, a sodium lamp, a mercury lamp, a fluorescent mercury lamp, a xenon lamp, an arc lamp, an neon tube lamp, .

At least one light source 331a and 331b may be provided on both sides of the light guide plate 332 so that light can be incident on both sides of the light guide plate 332. In this case, And may be mounted on each of the substrates 330a and 330b in a predetermined pattern.

The light emitted from each of the light sources 331, 331a and 331b enters the inside of the light guide plate 332 through the side surface of the light guide plate 332 (L1 and L2). The light incident into the light guide plate 332 travels in total reflection within the light guide plate 332, so that light can be uniformly incident on one surface of the display panel 100.

The light guide plate 332 reflects the light L1 and L2 emitted from the light source 331 more than once inside the light guide plate 332 and allows the light emitted from the light source 331 to be uniformly provided in the entire area of the display panel 210 . The display panel 110, the diffuser plate 320, or the optical plate 310 are arranged to be in contact with or close to the front surface of the light guide plate 232, and a reflection plate 333 is disposed on one surface of the backward direction . The light guide plate 332 may be manufactured using a material having a high light transmittance, and may be manufactured using, for example, polymethyl methacrylate resin.

The reflection plate 333 reflects backward light in the light L1, L2 traveling in the light guide plate 332 in all directions, that is, toward the display panel 100. Accordingly, the light emitted from the light source 331 can be generally incident on the display panel 100. The reflection plate 233 may be made of a synthetic resin such as polyethylene terephthalate or polycarbonate. In addition, the reflection plate 333 may be manufactured using various materials that can be considered by the designer.

At least one of the optical plate 310 and the diffusion plate 320 may be disposed between the display panel 110 and the light guide plate 332. The optical plate 310 is provided such that at least one protective sheet 211, at least one prism sheet 212, and at least one diffusion sheet 213 have a stacked structure. The optical plate 310 and the diffusing plate 320 may be omitted according to the embodiment, or may be replaced with another kind of film or substrate. The diffuser plate 320 and the optical plate 310 have been described above, detailed description will be omitted.

The light passing through the optical plate 310 and the diffusing plate 320 may be incident through one surface of the display panel 210 in the rear direction and the second polarizing portion 118, The color converting portion 116, the electrode layer 113, the liquid crystal capsule layer 120, and the first polarizing portion 111. In this case, Accordingly, a still image or a moving image can be displayed on the display panel 100.

10: display device 11: upper housing
12: rear housing 13: intermediate housing
100: display panel 111: first polarizer
112: liquid crystal capsule layer protecting portion 113: electrode layer
114: insulating substrate 115a: pixel electrode
115b: common electrode 116: color conversion unit
117: substrate 118: second polarizing portion
120: liquid crystal capsule layer 121: polymer matrix
122: liquid crystal capsule 123: liquid crystal molecule
124: Surfactant 131: Ultraviolet absorber
132: ultraviolet absorber 200: backlight unit
210: optical plate 220: diffuser plate
230: reflection plate 240:
242: Light source 300: Backlight unit
310: optical plate 320: diffuser plate
330: substrate 331: light source
332: light guide plate 333: reflector

Claims (20)

A liquid crystal capsule layer in which a plurality of liquid crystal capsules in which liquid crystal molecules are embedded are distributed; And
And an electrode part disposed on one side of the liquid crystal capsule layer and forming an electric field in the liquid crystal capsule layer,
Wherein a thickness of the liquid crystal capsule layer exceeds a half of a ratio of a wavelength of incident light to a birefringence value of the liquid crystal molecule. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the plurality of liquid crystal capsules comprise an outer wall layer forming an outer shape of the capsule and liquid crystal molecules distributed inside the outer wall layer and oriented in accordance with an electric field. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the plurality of liquid crystal capsules further comprise a surfactant that facilitates orientation of the liquid crystal molecules. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the liquid crystal capsule layer comprises a polymer matrix in which the plurality of liquid crystal capsules are distributed. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein a difference in refractive index between at least two of the outer wall layer, the liquid crystal molecules, and the polymer matrix is equal to or less than 0.1. The method according to claim 1,
And a color conversion unit for changing the color of the incident light. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the electrode section is disposed between the liquid crystal capsule layer and the color conversion section or the color conversion section is disposed between the liquid crystal capsule layer and the electrode section. The method according to claim 6,
And a substrate on which the electrode portion or the color conversion portion is placed. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the substrate comprises a rigid substrate, a flexible substrate, or a rigid substrate. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the electrode portion includes a plurality of pixel electrodes disposed in the liquid crystal capsule layer direction, an insulating substrate having the pixel electrodes disposed on one surface thereof, and a common electrode disposed on the other surface of the insulating substrate. The method according to claim 1,
And a liquid crystal capsule layer protecting part provided on one surface of the liquid crystal capsule layer. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the liquid crystal molecule comprises positive liquid crystal molecules. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein liquid crystal molecules of a part of the liquid crystal capsules in the direction of the electrode portion of the plurality of liquid crystal capsules are oriented in accordance with the electric field when the electrode portion forms an electric field in the liquid crystal capsule layer, Wherein the liquid crystal molecules of the capsule are not oriented. A display panel for displaying an image; And
And a backlight unit for providing light to the display panel,
Wherein the display panel includes a liquid crystal capsule layer in which a plurality of liquid crystal capsules in which liquid crystal molecules are embedded and an electrode portion disposed on one surface of the liquid crystal capsule layer and forming an electric field in the liquid crystal capsule layer,
Wherein a thickness of the liquid crystal capsule layer exceeds a half of a ratio of a wavelength of incident light to a birefringence value of the liquid crystal molecule. 14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the plurality of liquid crystal capsules comprise an outer wall layer forming an outer shape of the capsule and liquid crystal molecules distributed inside the outer wall layer and oriented in accordance with an electric field. 16. The method of claim 15,
Wherein the plurality of liquid crystal capsules further comprise a surfactant that facilitates orientation of the liquid crystal molecules. 15. The method of claim 14,
Wherein the liquid crystal capsule layer comprises a polymer matrix in which the plurality of liquid crystal capsules are distributed. 14. The method of claim 13,
The display panel may further include a substrate on which the electrode unit is mounted,
Wherein the substrate comprises a rigid substrate, a flexible substrate, or a rigid substrate. 14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the backlight unit includes at least one light source and a light guide plate on which light emitted from the at least one light source is incident on a side surface and the light is emitted toward the display panel through one surface. 14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the backlight unit includes at least one light source and a substrate on which the at least one light source is installed on one side of the display panel.

Images