KR20170019567A - Manufacturing method of solid fuel using laver waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing solid fuel using laver waste which is one of marine algae abundant in Korea. To this end, the method for producing solid fuel using laver waste comprises the following steps: drying the laver waste; carbonizing the dried laver waste; grinding the carbonized laver waste; producing a mixture obtained by mixing the ground laver waste along with a fuel production additive containing a binder and an emulsifier; producing a molded article after molding the mixture; and drying the molded article until the moisture contents become 0.01-10 wt%.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a solid fuel using Kim's waste,

The present invention relates to a method for producing a solid fuel using a discarded treated steal and a solid fuel produced therefrom.

Research and development on biomass that can replace fossil fuel resources is increasing. Biomass refers to organisms such as plants and microorganisms that are used as energy sources, for example, wood, garbage, grain, and agricultural by-products commonly found in our surroundings. Such biomass resources are emerging as a practical alternative to solve energy and environmental problems.

These biomass are manufactured in the form of solid fuel mixed with waste oil, waste paper sludge, etc. for use as an energy source. Conventional solid fuels have high water content, low calorific value upon burning, poor durability, and are difficult to store and handle. In addition, there is a problem that bad smell is inevitably generated due to the use of waste oil or the like as a raw material.

[Patent Document 1] Korean Published Patent Application No. 10-2009-0045161 [Patent Document 2] JP-A-2001-214173

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a solid fuel by recycling disused vapors after extracting useful components from seaweed, and to provide a solid fuel produced thereby.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for producing a solid fuel, comprising the steps of: Carbonizing the dried kim waste; Crushing the carbonized garbage waste; Mixing the pulverized wastes with an additive for fuel production including a binder and an emulsifier to prepare a raw material composition; Molding the raw material composition to produce a molded product; And drying the molded product so that the water content is 0.01 to 10% by weight. The present invention also provides a method for producing a solid fuel using the waste.

Preferably, the wastes used as raw materials have a water content of 0.1 to 80 wt% or less.

Preferably, the carbonization is carried out by heating directly at a temperature of 400 to 500 ° C.

Preferably, the raw material composition comprises a weight ratio of ground wastes: starch: cetyl alcohol: propylene glycol: sawdust of 3: 2: 0.8: 0.2: 0.5.

Preferably, the shaped material is spherical, cylindrical, polygonal, briquetted, bark-like, or pellet-shaped.

The present invention relates to a solid fuel using kimchi waste, which is extracted after extracting useful components as a cosmetic raw material, and a manufacturing method thereof, and has the effect of resource recycling.

The solid fuel according to the present invention is excellent in the combustion rate and efficiency, and the low calorific value is 5060 kcal / kg, which satisfies the legal conditions to be possessed by the solid fuel.

In addition, using eco-friendly materials, the emissions of metal during combustion should be in the range of 0.0 mg / kg of mercury, 0.8 mg / kg of arsenic, 1.3 mg / kg of cadmium, 0.7 mg / kg of lead and 1.2 mg / (Mercury less than 1.20mg / kg, arsenic less than 13.0mg / kg, cadmium less than 9.0mg / kg, lead less than 200.0mg / kg, chromium less than 30.0mg / kg). Further, the solid fuel according to the present invention belongs to grade 1 based on chlorine concentration of solid fuel product at a chlorine concentration of 0.05%.

FIG. 1 is a process flow chart briefly showing a method for producing a solid fuel using the Kim waste according to the present invention. The Kim waste can be produced as a solid fuel through a process of drying, carbonization, crushing, mixing, have.
2 is a photograph showing the pellet fuel produced in one embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a temperature change graph showing the results of the combustion persistence test of the solid fuel according to the present invention (Experimental Example 1) and the case where the carbonization process was not carried out (Experimental Example 2).
4 is a temperature change graph showing the results of the combustion persistence test of the solid fuel according to the case where the raw material composition of the solid fuel including the raw material of Kim waste is satisfied and the case where it is not satisfied in the examples 3 to 7.
5 is a temperature change graph showing the results of combustion persistence test of the pellet fuel according to the embodiment of the present invention and the charcoal (commercial charcoal manufactured by B company) sold in the market as a comparative example.
FIG. 6 is a photograph showing the state before and after the combustion of the pellet fuel according to the embodiment of the present invention and the coal sold in the market, which is a comparative example.
FIG. 7 is a test report obtained as a result of analyzing the emission component and the low calorific value at the time of combustion, in order to evaluate the quality of the pellet fuel produced in one embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

The present invention utilizes seaweed, which is one of seaweed abundant on the coast of Korea, as a raw material of solid fuel. Kim (Laver, Porphyra) is rich in protein, vitamin B, fiber and minerals, and is used as an excellent food material. It is also used for nutrition of the skin and for prevention of skin trouble, and it is reported as a natural product which is effective for skin condition change, antioxidative effect, skin cell protection and the like. In particular, taurine, which is one of the amino acids contained in kimchi, promotes cell hydration and protein synthesis, enhances skin resilience. Another amino acid, alanine, forms a carnosine component in the body to promote microcirculation and new blood vessel formation. It is also used as a raw material for cosmetics.

In the process of extracting the cosmetic raw material from the laver, a large amount of the laver is discarded as the waste. Therefore, the present invention provides a method of manufacturing solid fuel so that the waste discarded as environmental waste can be recycled as a useful resource.

A method for producing a solid fuel according to the present invention includes the steps of drying a Kim waste; Carbonizing the dried kim waste; Crushing the carbonized garbage waste; Mixing the pulverized wastes with an additive for fuel production comprising a binder and an emulsifier to prepare a mixture; Molding the mixture to produce a molded product; And drying the molded article.

Each step will be described in detail.

1. Drying process

Kimchi powder is heated and heated in distilled water to extract useful ingredients as cosmetics and the remaining kim waste is collected. In order to increase the drying efficiency, the water content of the kim waste collected using the dehydrating equipment is adjusted to 80 wt% or less, preferably 30 wt% or less, and supplied to the dryer. It is preferable that the drying is complete drying so that the moisture content of the Kim waste is almost 0%. The lower the moisture content, the easier the next step, the carbonization process. The drying is preferably carried out after shortening the drying time and spreading the sheet as thin as possible in order to facilitate the carbonization process. The drying can be carried out by various methods such as vacuum drying, hot air drying, natural drying and the like.

2. Carbonization Process

It is a process of carbonizing dried Kim waste. Carbonization processes are largely direct and indirect. The indirect method is a method in which carbonization is naturally carbonized in an airtight storage tank using heat already held by the carbonization target without directly heating the carbonization target during the carbonization process. When the frictional heat is insufficient, the heat must be directly applied. There is a disadvantage that the cost increases. The present invention is carbonized by a direct carbonization process, not an indirect type, and it is preferable that heat is directly applied in a closed space which is not vacuumed or vented to be carbonized. Since the carbonization process is performed in a raw material state before the solid fuel is formed, the process is simple and carbonization is possible with a small amount of heat. The carbonization temperature is preferably in the range of 400 to 500 占 폚.

When the carbonization process is performed, the moisture content of the raw material can be lowered, the weight of the fuel can be reduced, the calorific value increases due to an increase in the carbon content due to partial carbonization, and the odor emitted from the kim waste is reduced It is effective. It also facilitates subsequent grinding processes. The pulverizing process makes it possible to manufacture a molded article having homogeneous properties, as compared with the case where the Kim waste is directly produced as a compact, thereby improving the combustion efficiency. Further, it is possible to reduce the energy required for the carbonization process, compared with the case where the green waste, which is the main raw material of the solid fuel, is carbonized in advance and carbonized.

3. Grinding process

The carbonized plate-like kimchi waste is pulverized by a pulverizer to produce a kimchi waste (CP) in the form of a charcoal powder. The pulverization can be carried out using a conventional pulverizer, and the particle size of the powder is not limited to a great extent. The pulverizing process makes it possible to produce a molded body having homogeneous properties compared with the case where the kim waste is directly produced as a compact, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

4. Mixing process

The pulverized wastes are mixed with a raw material composition such as a binder, emulsifier or the like for producing a solid fuel. In the present invention, starch as a binder, cetyl alcohol as an emulsifier, propylene glycol as a solvent, and sawdust are mixed to improve moldability and energy efficiency so as to minimize harmful components generated by combustion. The blending ratio of each component is preferably 3: 2: 0.8: 0.2: 0.5 by weight of the wastes: starch: cetyl alcohol: propylene glycol: sawdust. Distilled water is added to increase moldability and mixed well with mixer.

5. Molding process

The mixture thus obtained is introduced into a molding machine to form a molded article in a solid or semi-solid state (Fig. 1A). The molded body may be obtained through extrusion molding, injection molding, or the like, and may have various shapes. For example, it may have a polygonal shape such as a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape and a triangular shape, a square shape, or a hexagonal shape. Further, the formed body may have a shape such as ordinary briquettes or briquettes. Further, the shaped body preferably has a pellet shape, which is a general shape of the solid fuel.

6. Drying process

1 (A)) formed through the molding step is not completely dried as a solid fuel (FIG. 1 (B)), so that the solid fuel is further subjected to a drying step. The moisture content of the formed body is dried to 10% by weight or less, specifically, the moisture content is 0.01 to 10% by weight based on the weight of the entire molded body. This makes it possible to satisfy the water content required as the solid fuel and to provide the desired calorific value. The drying can be carried out by various methods such as vacuum drying, hot air drying, natural drying and the like.

Experimental Example

In order to investigate the optimum conditions of the solid fuel production method according to the present invention, combustion rate and efficiency of fuel according to the presence or absence of carbonization process, combustion rate and efficiency of fuel according to composition constituting solid fuel were experimented.

The burning rate was evaluated by the amount of change in the mass of the solid fuel before and after combustion. In order to evaluate the efficiency of the fuel, it was evaluated by the following method, and the result was expressed by the heat energy generated per mass of the solid fuel.

≪ Evaluation method of fuel efficiency >

If all of the energy from the fuel is used to heat the water, the thermal energy received by the water is the energy generated by the combustion of the fuel. Therefore, heat energy and fuel energy are calculated as follows.

(1) Thermal energy Q [cal] = c.multidot.Δt

c: Specific heat [cal / g 占 폚]? Specific heat of water = 1cal / g 占 폚 = 4186J / kg 占 폚

m: mass [g] → density of water ≒ 1.0 g / ml ∴ 1 g ≒ 1 ml

Δt: Change in temperature [° C]

(2) Energy of fuel [cal / g] = heat energy / mass of fuel

1. Evaluation of Combustion Rate and Fuel Efficiency according to Carbonization Process

(Example 1), and the kimchi waste and the starch not subjected to the carbonization process were mixed with the same 3 parts by weight as in Experimental Example 1 : 2 to prepare a pellet fuel (Experimental Example 2).

200 ml of water was heated with 50 g of the pellet fuel prepared in each of Experimental Example 1 and Experimental Example 2, and the burning rate and the fuel efficiency were evaluated according to the above-mentioned method. The results are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3. Table 1 and FIG. 3 show the temperature change of water during combustion. As compared with the fuel of Experimental Example 2, the pellet fuel of Experimental Example 1 which has undergone the carbonization process showed a much higher water temperature rise rate and rise rate as a result, As shown in Table 2, the pellet fuel obtained through the carbonization process of Experimental Example 1 is superior to the fuel of Experimental Example 2 in fuel efficiency compared to the combustion rate. In the present specification, the term 'temperature difference' means a difference between a minimum temperature and a maximum temperature of water.

2. Evaluation of combustion rate and fuel efficiency according to fuel composition

The burning rate and the combustion efficiency were evaluated by varying the raw material composition (see Table 3 below) mixed with the charcoal powder-type Kim waste (CP), and the results are shown in Tables 4 to 5 and FIG. In the evaluation test, 200 ml of water was heated with 50 g of the pellet fuel prepared according to the composition of each experimental example, and the burning rate and the fuel efficiency were carried out according to the above-mentioned method.

According to the results, it was confirmed that Experimental Example 7 including all of the compositional components according to the present invention showed the best results in terms of temperature rise speed, maximum temperature, maximum temperature holding time, and energy efficiency.

Example

Based on the above experimental example, a pellet-shaped solid waste containing solid waste was produced by the process shown in Fig.

To adjust the moisture content of the collected kimchi waste, about 46.15 parts by weight of charcoal-powdered kimchi waste (CP) after natural drying and carbonization and pulverization processes were added to about 30.77 parts by weight of starch, about 12.31 parts by weight of cetyl alcohol, About 3.07 parts by weight of propylene glycol and about 7.69 parts by weight of sawdust were mixed to prepare a raw material composition. Distilled water was added in an amount corresponding to about 45% by weight based on the total weight of the raw material composition.

Next, the raw material composition was evenly mixed using a mixer, and then put into a molding mold. Thereafter, a cylindrical solid fuel was formed using a compactor, followed by natural drying to obtain a solid fuel. A photograph of the obtained solid fuel is shown in Fig.

Evaluation example  1: Comparison of combustion persistence with commercial charcoal

To evaluate the combustion persistence of the pellet fuel produced in the examples and the charcoal distributed in the market as a comparative example, each fuel was ignited and the container filled with water was heated. The temperature of the water with respect to the change of the time was measured, and the results are shown in Table 6 and FIG. In this specification, 'combustion persistence' means the time at which the same temperature is maintained after the temperature of the water reaches the maximum temperature.

 According to Table 6, in the case of the pellet fuel, the maximum temperature was reached 43 ° C for 30min, and the same temperature was maintained for 21min after 30min. In the case of conventional charcoal fuel, It can be seen that it is maintained. That is, compared to the existing charcoal, the pellet fuel reached the maximum temperature more rapidly and the time for maintaining the maximum temperature was more than twice longer than that of the conventional char. Therefore, it is considered that the sustainability of the pellet fuel is much better when burned under the same conditions.

Evaluation example  2: Comparison of burning rate with charcoal distributed in the market

The burning rate and the combustion efficiency were analyzed based on the results of the tests conducted in Evaluation Example 1 for the pellet fuel produced in the Examples and the charcoal circulated in the atmosphere. The results are shown in Table 7 and FIG.

According to the above-mentioned evaluation results, when burning under the same conditions, the pellet fuel according to the embodiment showed excellent combustion efficiency and energy efficiency as compared with existing charcoal. The pellet fuel of the present invention was burned when it was burned, kept burning once it was burned, kept burning with the flame, and kept burning even after the flame was turned off. In the case of conventional charcoal fuel, the flame did not occur well, and it was troublesome to put on fire until the heat was maintained. As a result of comparing the mass change of the solid fuel before and after the combustion, it was confirmed that the pellet fuel burns more efficiently than the existing charcoal.

In order to evaluate the quality of the solid fuel (solid fuel) produced in the examples, the researcher of the Korea Institute of Chemical Fusion Test was asked to analyze the emission component and the low calorific value during the combustion. The test results obtained from the analysis are shown in Fig. According to this, the metal components released during combustion are mercury 0.0 mg / kg, arsenic 0.8 mg / kg, cadmium 1.3 mg / kg, lead 0.7 mg / kg and chromium 1.2 mg / kg, 1.20 mg / kg or less, arsenic 13.0 mg / kg or less, cadmium 9.0 mg / kg or less, lead 200.0 mg / kg or less, and chromium 30.0 mg / kg or less). In addition, it belongs to grade 1 based on chlorine concentration of solid fuel products at a chlorine concentration of 0.05%. The low calorific value is 5060 kcal / kg, which also meets the legal conditions that solid fuels should have.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art.

Claims (6)

Drying the raw waste material;
Carbonizing the dried kim waste;
Crushing the carbonized garbage waste;
Mixing the pulverized wastes with an additive for fuel production including a binder and an emulsifier to prepare a raw material composition;
Molding the raw material composition to produce a molded product; And
And drying the shaped material so that the moisture content is 0.01 to 10% by weight.
The method of claim 1,
Wherein the water content of the Kim waste is 0.1 to 80 wt% or less.
The method of claim 1,
Wherein the carbonization is a step of heating directly at a temperature of 400 to 500 ° C.
The method of claim 1,
Wherein the raw material composition is a mixture of crushed garlic wastes: starch: cetyl alcohol: propylene glycol: sawdust in a weight ratio of 3: 2: 0.8: 0.2: 0.5.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the shaped article is in the form of a sphere, a cylinder, a polygonal, a briquette, a briquette or a pellet.
A solid fuel comprising a Kim waste according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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