KR20170001807U

KR20170001807U - Power System Comprising Capacitor as Auxiliary Power

Info

Publication number: KR20170001807U
Application number: KR2020150007424U
Authority: KR
Inventors: 정상헌; 이승헌
Original assignee: 주식회사 우노이앤피
Priority date: 2015-11-16
Filing date: 2015-11-16
Publication date: 2017-05-24
Also published as: KR200486093Y1

Abstract

A power supply system having a capacitor as a standby power supply is disclosed. The power supply system of the present invention uses a capacitor as a standby power supply in case of an emergency in place of a battery such as a lithium ion secondary battery. The power supply system of the present invention can relatively accurately check not only the charging state and the defective state of the capacitor but also the effective operation time by checking the charging voltage of the capacitor which is a standby power supply in a state in which the DC voltage supply by the commercial AC power supply is not blocked . Therefore, it is not necessary to perform a type of check that completely discharges the spare power through the load in the process of checking the spare power state, and since the check of the complete discharge type is not performed, the time required for the status check is significantly reduced, There is no problem in performing the inspection.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power system having a capacitor as a redundant power supply,

The present invention relates to a power supply system, and more particularly, to a power supply system in which, instead of a chemical cell such as a lithium ion secondary battery, a capacitor is used as a standby power supply in an emergency, The present invention relates to a power supply system including a capacitor as a standby power supply, which can determine whether there is any abnormality in operation.

Generally, a power supply system that is supplied with commercial AC power and converts it into a DC power is generally operated only while the commercial AC power is supplied. Exceptionally, in case of a power failure, if the power supply needs to be maintained, a spare power supply such as a battery is provided and prepared for a power failure or the like.

For example, an emergency guiding light is installed on an emergency exit in order to induce safe evacuation of people in a state of unstable disaster such as fire or the like. In the normal mode, the emergency light illuminates the guide light by using a commercial power source. In the case of power failure, the standby light must be maintained at a predetermined reference time (for example, 75 minutes) using the internal power source.

A battery (for example, a lithium ion secondary battery) that is a secondary battery capable of charging and discharging is widely used as a standby power supply of a power supply system in general. This is because the secondary battery generally provides a sufficient capacity. However, due to the characteristics of the battery, it is very difficult to accurately check the residual charge amount.

The power supply system may include a check button for checking the state of charge of the battery power according to various safety standards. When the check button is pressed, commercial AC power is cut off and it is checked whether the spare battery is automatically operated. At this time, it is checked whether the charging voltage of the battery, which is the backup power source, is equal to or higher than the reference voltage to determine whether it is defective or normal. However, this type of checking can not accurately determine the amount of battery charge. Even if the current charging voltage is higher than the reference voltage and thus the battery is determined to be normal, it is impossible to determine whether the battery can supply a constant power for the reference time or whether it will be discharged soon.

This feature also relates to the characteristics of a chemical cell in which a battery is stored up to an electrode material by an electrochemical reaction. Like the charging graph, the battery discharge voltage does not plot a linear graph of the discharge time. In this respect, the capacitor produces electricity in the process of attaching ions to the surface of the electrode, so that the charge and discharge voltages are linear with respect to time.

Therefore, when the performance of the battery deteriorates with time, the voltage may suddenly drop suddenly while maintaining the reference voltage for a short time. As a result, if the voltage of the battery is checked for several seconds to several minutes and it is determined that the battery is normal, the actual state of the battery can not be grasped. However, in order to grasp the state of the internal standby power of the power supply system, it may not be possible to enjoy the check button for the reference time of the spare power supply operation (for example, 1 hour).

If the battery check is continued for a period of time during which the battery is continuously discharged, it takes a considerable amount of time to check the battery, and there is no way to cope with an actual power failure before the battery is completely discharged after discharge or discharge.

[Related Technical Literature]

1. Induction lamp battery check device and method thereof (Patent Document 10-10-2010-0088889)

In order to check the performance of the battery, the microcomputer periodically performs a discharge test to display the state of the battery according to the discharge test as a light emitting diode (LED) light or flashing cycle. However, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, in order to evaluate the performance of the battery, it is necessary to conduct the discharge test until the discharge becomes complete or to conduct the discharge test for at least 30 minutes or more.

In other words, the battery check uses a method in which the battery is fully discharged or discharged over an effective discharge time. According to this method, since the battery test process takes a considerable time, it is necessary to perform the battery test at a considerable time interval even if it is periodically performed. If the battery test is performed or the actual power failure occurs before the battery is fully charged, There is no way to respond.

The object of the present invention is to provide a capacitor which can be used in place of a chemical cell to use a capacitor as a standby power supply in case of an emergency and to check the condition of the capacitor for a short time of several seconds, A power supply system provided with a spare power supply, and a method for checking the state of charge of the capacitor.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power supply system including a power supply unit for converting a commercial AC power supply to a DC power supply, the power supply unit supplies power to a load in a normal mode, To the load.

To this end, the power supply system includes a capacitor, a charging unit, a switching unit, a voltage detecting unit and a state checking unit. A plurality of capacitors may be connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel form so as to have a supply capacity of a size that can operate the redundant power supply during a power failure and supply the power consumption of the load over an effective operation time. The charging unit adjusts the output of the power supply unit to a charging voltage so as to charge the capacitor while blocking the discharge to the power supply unit when the capacitor is discharged.

The switching unit is provided between the charging unit and the capacitor to interrupt the supply of the charging voltage when the capacitor condition check event occurs and the voltage detecting unit detects the voltage of the capacitor by providing a discharging path that does not pass the load during the condition check event .

When the voltage measured by the voltage detecting unit is equal to or higher than the first reference voltage, the state checking unit determines that the charging corresponding to the effective operating time is completed, after the switching unit is controlled to open at the state checking event.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the power supply system of the present invention may further include an inspection switch for interrupting supply of DC power from the power supply unit according to a user's operation and checking the switching operation of the capacitor during a power failure. At this time, the capacitor supplies the standby power to the load side. In contrast to such a check, the status checking unit performs the event periodically (for example, a plurality of times per second) so that the status of the capacitor is displayed on the status indicator even if the user does not operate the check switch.

The voltage detector may include a voltage distributor having a plurality of resistors connected in series between the positive terminal of the capacitor and the ground to divide the charge voltage of the capacitor, And a comparison circuit for comparing the reference voltage with the reference voltage.

According to still another embodiment, the comparison circuit further includes a plurality of comparators for comparing the voltage-divided charge voltage with the first to fourth reference voltages, respectively, wherein the second and third reference voltages are higher than the first reference voltage And the fourth reference voltage may be set to a voltage higher than the first reference voltage.

In this case, the state checking unit may determine that the capacitor is a 'failure pre-stage' if the voltage-divided charge voltage is between the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage, and if the voltage is between the second reference voltage and the third reference voltage It is determined that the capacitor is 'bad', and if it is higher than the fourth reference voltage, it can be determined that the capacitor is 'overcharged'.

According to another embodiment, the power supply system of the present invention may further include a status indicator that indicates the capacitor error state, and when the voltage measured by the voltage detector is less than the first reference voltage, It is determined that the charging state of the battery is unsatisfactory and the status indicator is turned on.

The power supply system of the present invention uses a capacitor having a relatively linear relationship between the charging voltage and the discharging time as a spare power instead of the chemical battery so that the power supply holding time (Effective operation time) can be estimated.

Furthermore, since the power system of the present invention checks only the charging voltage of the capacitor without shutting off the commercial AC power to check the effective operation time of the capacitor, which is a standby power source, even if it is performed in a very short time of less than one second or several seconds It is possible to determine the effective operation time of the spare power supply. Therefore, the redundant power supply of the power supply system is not completely discharged for checking the redundant power supply state, and the power supply system can be lighted for a longer period of time even if a power failure occurs during or immediately after the check of the redundant power supply state.

The power supply system of the present invention is provided with a check switch for checking whether the user operates the spare power supply. However, even if the user does not check the operation by directly operating the check switch, it is possible to periodically check the presence or absence of a capacitor as a standby power source and display the abnormal state.

1 is a block diagram of a power supply system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart provided in an operation description of the preliminary power supply checking method of the present invention, and
3 is a diagram showing an example of a voltage detecting unit of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

1, the power supply system 100 of the present invention basically includes a load 101, a power supply unit 103, a capacitor 105, a standby power supply unit 107, a power supply monitoring unit 109, 111).

The operation of the power supply system 100 is divided into a normal mode in which the commercial AC power is supplied and an emergency mode in which the commercial AC power is not supplied. The load 101 must be supplied with DC power not only in the normal mode but also during a power failure.

The power supply unit 103 includes various protection circuits, a rectifier circuit such as a bridge diode circuit, a transformer, and a constant voltage circuit to convert a commercial AC power supplied from the outside into a DC voltage . The output of the power supply unit 103 is available only in the normal mode and supplies power to the load 101 and charges the capacitor 105 to be used as a standby power supply.

The capacitor 105 is an energy storage device having output characteristics different from those of the secondary battery, and is used as a standby power supply of the power supply system 100 of the present invention. Particularly, a super capacitor or an ultra capacitor having energy and output characteristics which can not be provided by conventional capacitors and secondary batteries is preferable for the capacitor 105 of the present invention. The capacitor 105 may be connected to one or a plurality of the capacitors 105 in a DC, parallel or series / parallel state depending on the power consumption of the power supply system 100 in the emergency mode in consideration of an effective operation time and the like. The capacitor 105 has a linear charge and discharge performance with respect to time, so that the effective operation time can be confirmed by checking the charged voltage as described below. Here, the effective operation time refers to the time required for the capacitor 105 to discharge to supply the predetermined power to the load 101 during a power failure in the emergency mode. The effective operation time can be set variously according to the design specification. The capacity (capacity) of the capacitor 105 for ensuring the effective operation time can be changed according to the power consumption of the load 101. [

A preliminary power supply 107 is provided between the capacitor 105 and the load 101. The standby power supply unit 107 disconnects the path between the capacitor 105 and the load 101 in the normal mode under the control of the power monitoring unit 109 and disconnects the load 101 from the capacitor 105 in the emergency mode, To a discharge path.

The standby power supply unit 107 includes an inverter for boosting the discharge voltage of the capacitor 105 to the operating voltage of the load 101 so as to control the power supply monitoring unit 109 The voltage charged in the capacitor 105 is boosted to the operating voltage of the load 101 and discharged to the load 101. [

The power monitoring unit 109 determines whether or not the alternating current power is turned off by using the output voltage Vcc of the power supplying unit 103 and controls the spare power supplying unit 107 when it is determined that the power is off, (101). Even if a power failure occurs in the power supply unit 103 and no power is supplied from the power supply unit 103 to the load 101 by the operation of the power supply monitoring unit 109, the spare power supply unit 107 supplies the load 101 ) Can be immediately lighted and maintained. The power supply monitoring unit 109 checks the output voltage Vcc of the power supply unit 103 and determines that the output voltage Vcc is in the normal mode when the output voltage Vcc is supplied. If the output voltage Vcc is not supplied from the power supply unit 103 It is determined that the power supply is in a power failure state and the spare power supply unit 107 is controlled.

The check switch 111 is for checking the operation state of the spare power supply, and blocks the DC power from being supplied from the power supply unit 103 during the user's operation. The operation of the check switch 111 makes the same environment as that at the time of the power failure and is the same as the power failure state in which the output voltage Vcc of the power supply unit 103 is absent while the check switch 111 is operated. Therefore, the power monitoring unit 109 controls the standby power supply unit 107 so that the load 101 is immediately turned on again by the standby power supply of the capacitor 105. [

The power supply system 100 of the present invention includes a charging unit 113 and a switching unit 115 provided between the charging unit 113 and the capacitor 105 to charge the capacitor 105 and check the charging state thereof, A voltage detector 117 provided between the switching unit 115 and the capacitor 105 and a status indicator 119 and a status checking unit 121. [ The switching unit 115, the voltage detecting unit 117, and the state checking unit 121 operate in the normal mode in association with the status check event described below.

The charging unit 113 lowers the output voltage Vcc of the power supply unit 103 to a voltage suitable for charging the capacitor 105 and at the same time has a diode or the like to supply power to the power supply unit 103).

The switching unit 115 is provided between the charging unit 113, the capacitor 105 and the voltage detecting unit 117 and switches the supply of the charging voltage under the control of the state checking unit 121. Basically, in the normal mode, the switching unit 115 connects between the charging unit 113 and the capacitor 105 to allow the charging voltage of the charging unit 113 to charge the capacitor 105 (switching on).

The switching unit 115 disconnects (switches off) the charging unit 113 and the capacitor 105 according to the control of the state checking unit 121 and supplies the capacitor 105 and the voltage detecting unit 121 (117). During the normal mode, the path provided by the redundant power supply 107 is not opened, so that the capacitor 105 starts discharging to the voltage detector 117.

The voltage detector 117 is provided between the (+) terminal of the capacitor 105 and the ground GND through the switching unit 115 to provide a discharging path of the capacitor 105 at the time of the inspection event, The charging voltage is detected.

3, the voltage detection unit 117 may include a voltage distribution unit 301 and a comparison circuit unit 303. [ The voltage divider 301 is implemented by a plurality of resistors R1 and R2 connected in series between the (+) terminal CAP of the capacitor 105 and the ground GND. Since the inspection event does not see the discharge characteristics of the capacitor 105, it is preferable that the resistors R1 and R2 have a comparatively large resistance value since the resistance of the resistors R1 and R2 is sufficient to allow voltage measurement.

The comparator circuit 303 includes at least one comparator U1 and compares the voltage-divided voltage by the resistance of the voltage divider 301 with a predetermined 'reference voltage'. Here, the comparison reference voltage is not a reference voltage (for example, the first reference voltage) itself but a value obtained by adjusting the reference voltage according to the distribution ratio of the voltage distributor 301. [ And the output value of the comparison circuit unit 303 is provided to the state checking unit 121. [ When the voltage detector 117 is designed in the form of the voltage divider 301 and the comparator 303, the comparator circuit 303 outputs one chip (Chip, Micom) together with the state checking unit 121, .

The state checking unit 121 periodically generates a state checking event for checking the state of the capacitor 105 during the normal mode and controls the switching unit 115 according to the checking event to detect the charging state of the charging unit 113 and the capacitor 105, And then checks the voltage detected by the voltage detector 117 to determine the state of charge or effective operation time of the capacitor 105. [ The time for the state checking unit 121 to turn off the switching unit 115 in accordance with the checking event is sufficient to confirm the charging voltage of the capacitor 105 through the voltage detecting unit 117. [

The determination of the voltage detection or state check unit 121 of the voltage detection unit 117 may be performed to the extent that it is determined whether the reference voltage is higher or lower than the reference voltage. Here, the reference voltage corresponds to the set valid operating time (for example, 60 minutes). As described above, since the discharge of the capacitor per hour has a linear characteristic, the operating time according to the power consumption of the load 101 can be confirmed by knowing the present charging voltage. Based on this point, the effective operation time can be determined and the reference voltage can be set accordingly. The charging voltage corresponding to the effective operation time (60 minutes) of the capacitor 105 is set based on the power consumption and the operating voltage of the load 101 when the effective operation time is set to 60 minutes, The reference voltage is set in consideration of the distribution.

The plurality of reference voltages may be set and the voltage detector 117 may compare the plurality of reference voltages with the charging voltage of the capacitor 105 to check the charging state. For example, the first reference voltage may be set to the effective operation time, the second and third reference voltages may be set to stepwise lower than the first reference voltage, and if the charge voltage of the capacitor 105 is equal to or higher than the first reference voltage, If the charging voltage of the capacitor 105 is between the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage, the state checking unit 121 determines that the capacitor 105 is 'bad' The state checking unit 121 may determine that the capacitor 105 is 'bad' if the charging voltage of the capacitor 105 is between the second reference voltage and the third reference voltage. Further, if a fourth reference voltage higher than the first reference voltage is set and the charge voltage of the capacitor 105 is equal to or higher than the fourth reference voltage, the state checking unit 121 determines that the charge of the capacitor 105 is 'overcharged' .

The state checking unit 121 can display the result of checking the charging voltage of the capacitor 105 (normal, pre-failure, defective, overcharged, etc.) in accordance with the check event through the status indicator 119.

Hereinafter, the status check event of the power supply system 100 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

The state checking unit 121 operating in the normal mode generates a state monitoring event of the capacitor 105 at a predetermined cycle. Since the execution time of the event is performed in a short time such as the voltage measurement, the event may be generated, for example, about two to three times per second. Naturally, no check event is generated in the emergency mode.

The state checking unit 121 controls the switching unit 115 to be turned off so that the switching unit 115 is turned off and the charging voltage is not supplied to the capacitor 105 at step S203.

When the switching unit 115 is turned off, the connection of the capacitor 105 is connected only to the discharge path provided by the voltage detection unit 117, that is, the voltage distribution unit 301, and is discharged. The comparison circuit unit 303 compares the charging voltage of the capacitor 105, which is voltage-divided by the voltage distribution unit 301, with the reference voltage. When the resistance values of the resistors R1 and R2 of the voltage distributor 301 are made very large, the consumed power during the inspection event can be ignored.

&Lt; Judgment of error according to the capacitor charging voltage: S207 to S211 >

The state checking unit 121 determines whether or not the charging voltage of the capacitor 105 is equal to or higher than the reference voltage using the voltage detection result provided by the voltage detecting unit 117 (S207). For example, when the voltage detector 117 compares the charging voltage of the capacitor 105 only with the first reference voltage, the state checking unit 121 determines whether the charging voltage is normal or above the first reference voltage and below the first reference voltage (S209, S211).

In another embodiment, when the comparison circuit unit 303 compares the first to the fourth reference voltages using a plurality of comparators as in the above example, the state checking unit 121 may change the state of the capacitor 105 to a normal, Defective, and overcharged.

&Lt; Status check event end: S209 >

The status checking unit 121 displays the status of the capacitor 105 through the status indicator 119. [

The state checking unit 121 controls the switching unit 115 to be turned on immediately after the voltage detection unit 117 provides the voltage detection result and controls the charging voltage to be supplied to the capacitor 105 again. When the switching unit 115 is turned on, the status check event is terminated.

In this way, the power supply system 100 of the present invention performs a periodic inspection event to periodically check the effective operation time of the spare power supply, and the inspection event process is performed for a considerable period of time through actual discharge to the load 101 The spare power supply is completely discharged according to the spare power supply check, or a problem such that the check itself takes a considerable time does not occur.

The check by the check switch 111 is carried out by the user and is different from the state check event which is automatically and periodically performed by the state check unit 121. [ While the user operates the check switch 111, the power supply of the power supply unit 103 is interrupted, so that an artificial power interruption state is entered. The spare power supply unit 107 connects the capacitor 105 and the load 101 under the control of the power monitoring unit 109 so that the discharge of the capacitor 105 is performed.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, It will be understood that various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

A power supply system for supplying a DC power source to a load in a normal mode and a spare power source to the load in an emergency mode following a power failure, the power system comprising: a power supply unit for converting a commercial AC power source into a DC power source,
A plurality of capacitors operating in the emergency mode in a series, parallel, or series-parallel manner so as to have a supply capacity of a size capable of supplying power consumption of the load over a valid operating time;
A charging unit charging the capacitor with the output of the power supply unit;
A voltage detector for detecting a voltage of the capacitor by providing a discharging path of the capacitor during a capacitor condition check event occurring during the normal mode;
A switching unit provided between the charging unit, the voltage detection unit and the capacitor for connecting the charging unit and the capacitor during the normal mode and connecting the capacitor and the voltage detection unit during the status check event; And
A state checking unit that determines that the capacitor is in a charging state corresponding to the valid operation time when the voltage detected by the voltage detecting unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined first reference voltage after controlling the operation of the switching unit at the state check event Power supply system.

The method according to claim 1,
The power supply system according to claim 1, further comprising a check switch for blocking DC power from being output from the power supply unit according to an operation of a user, so that the switching operation of the capacitor can be checked during a power failure.

3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the status checking unit periodically performs the event a plurality of times per second to indicate whether the capacitor is abnormal even if the user does not operate the inspection switch.

The method according to claim 1,
The voltage detector may include:
A voltage distributor having a plurality of resistors connected in series between a (+) terminal of the capacitor and a ground to distribute a charge voltage of the capacitor; And
And a comparison circuit for comparing the voltage divided by the voltage divider with a comparison reference voltage corresponding to the first reference voltage.

5. The method of claim 4,
The comparator circuit further includes a plurality of comparators for comparing the voltage-divided charge voltage with a reference voltage corresponding to the first to fourth reference voltages, respectively, and the second and third reference voltages are lower than the first reference voltage And the fourth reference voltage is set to a voltage higher than the first reference voltage,
The state checking unit determines that the capacitor is a 'failure pre-stage' if the capacitor voltage is between the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage, and if the capacitor is between the second reference voltage and the third reference voltage, , And determines that the capacitor is 'overcharged' if the fourth reference voltage is higher than the fourth reference voltage.

The method according to claim 1,
And a status indicator for indicating the capacitor error state,
Wherein the status checking unit determines that the capacitor is not charged when the capacitor voltage is lower than the first reference voltage, and turns on the status indicator.