KR20160149955A

KR20160149955A - System and method to air conditioning and heating tent using thermoelectric module

Info

Publication number: KR20160149955A
Application number: KR1020150087945A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 이정용
Original assignee: 이정용
Priority date: 2015-06-20
Filing date: 2015-06-20
Publication date: 2016-12-28

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cooling and heating method using a thermoelectric element of a tent and an apparatus therefor, wherein a Peltier element is formed by being attached to the inside of a fabric separating the inside and the outside of the tent, and a switch capable of changing a direction of a current. Moreover, a battery unit is formed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for heating and cooling air using a thermoelectric element of a tent,

The technical field of the present invention is to apply the present invention to a room heating / cooling of a tent as a power generation and heating / cooling apparatus using a Peltier effect of a thermoelectric element.

p-type semiconductor

[p-type semiconductor, - type semiconductors]

summary

It is p-type semiconductor that the hole is increased by adding impurity to pure semiconductor material, and it is contrasted with n-type semiconductor which increases the number of electrons.

Impurities can be added to silicon (14) or germanium (32), which are pure semiconductor materials, to reduce resistance. This process is called doping, which increases the number of electrons and holes, thereby increasing the conductivity and reducing the resistance. At this time, the p-type semiconductor increases the number of electrons and the n-type semiconductor increases the number of electrons.

In order to increase the amount of pure water in a pure semiconductor, trivalent elements such as aluminum (13), boron (5), gallium (31) and indium (49) must be added. For example, when boron (5) is added to pure silicon (14), they try to covalently bond with each other. However, since there are four electrons (the outermost electrons) of silicon, three electrons are boron. In this case, the place where the electrons are insufficient becomes the hole, and the carrier carriers have more positive holes having positive (+) electricity than the free electrons. As described above, electrical characteristics of semiconductors change due to the influence of impurities, and impurity semiconductors have higher conductivity than intrinsic semiconductors and are used as semiconductor devices.

We are going to make a covalent bond,

n-type semiconductor

[n-type semiconductor, - type semiconductors]

summary

The term semiconductor refers to a semiconductor in which the main carrier that governs the conduction phenomenon is an electron, not a hole.

In contrast to n-type semiconductors having many free electrons, a case where the hole density is larger than the free electron density is called a p-type semiconductor. The electrical conductivity of semiconductors varies greatly depending on the presence of impurities. When a pentavalent atom such as phosphorus (15), arsenic (33), and antimony (51) is replaced with a silicon atom in the regular position of a tetravalent silicon crystal, impurity atoms and four nearest silicon atoms form four covalent bonds One electron remains, and it circulates freely around the atoms. After the covalent bond, one free electron is generated.

Electron configuration: Sb 51 (2), (8), (8,10), (8,10), (5)

An ionized impurity atom is called a donor by losing electrons in this way. The semiconductor in which impurities are mainly donors is an n-type semiconductor. In contrast, p-type semiconductors are driven by an acceptor. A p-n-p transistor and an n-p-n transistor or a p-n-p-n element (→ thyristor) are formed by combining p-type and n-type transistors. Semiconductor diodes are also the most basic p-n junction.

Peltier effect

[Peltier Effect]

When both ends of two different metal conductors are connected to form a closed circuit and a temperature difference is applied to both ends, a potential difference occurs between the two contacts. This is called a thermo-electric effect, and the potential difference generated at this time is called the thermo-electric effect.

This thermoelectric phenomenon can be divided into Hebeck effect which obtains electromotive force by using the temperature difference between both ends, Peltier effect which cooling and heating by electromotive force, and Thomson effect which generates electromotive force by the temperature difference on the line of conductor.

The first person to discover a thermoelectric phenomenon is the German physicist T.J.Seebeck in 1821, which is also known as the Seebeck Effect.

In a circuit consisting of two different conducting materials, current or voltage is generated if different temperatures are applied to the contact points between the two conducting materials. Heat flow from hot to cold causes current to flow.

In 1834, Jean-Charles Atana Spellfire of France discovered another important thermoelectric phenomenon that, when a DC current was passed through a circuit composed of different conductors, one of the junctions between the different conductors was heated according to the direction of the current On the other hand, the other side is cooling. This is called the Peltier effect.

In 1854, William Thompson revealed that the Peltier effect and the Jebeck effect are related to each other and the correlation between them is summarized.

In this process, we have found a Thomson effect that if both ends of a single conductor rod are subjected to a potential difference, absorption or emission of heat will occur at both ends of the conductor.

Peltier effect

[Peltier effect, - effect]

When two kinds of metals are connected and current is flowed, heat generation or absorption occurs in proportion to the current other than the line heat at the junction. This thermal effect is reversible, reversing the direction of the current, reversing the generation and absorption of heat. This phenomenon. Materials with large thermoelectric properties have been developed and are being put to practical use in electronic refrigeration.

Thermoelectric element

[thermoelement, thermoelectric element]

The heat is generated by the Peltier effect, and the cooling using this is called electron cooling. A pn junction made of semiconductors such as bismuth and terrile (Bi2Te3) is used, and both parts of the device are compared by the figure of merit. In case of using for large volume, several pieces are used in series as shown in the figure, and heat is insulated by the heat insulating material, and heat is generated by attaching a fin on the heat generating side.

How to charge 12v battery with Peltier element (thermoelectric element)

The car battery has a buffering voltage of 14.4V. 12V Peltier does not charge. Get a Peltier that operates at a higher voltage when you buy from scratch. For example, you need to get a 24V or higher Peltier.

This allows enough charge to take into account the reserve voltage ...

And the development of Peltier does not mean that only one side is hot. Since the temperature difference between the two plates is generated, the other side should be cooled as much as possible. Since the difference in temperature between the two sides is the power generation amount, the other side needs to be cooled as much as possible. Therefore, at least the opposite side should be large enough with a heat sink, and forced heat dissipation with the fan.

And another Peltier device is a semiconductor. Semiconductors are relatively weak to heat. Heating directly from the stove may damage it. It will develop, but it will be disappointing to see the result.

Sebek effect

If heated to the same temperature, the Seebeck effect does not occur.

The temperature difference is the basic variable.

Peltier effect

In the figure, the power polarity seems to be reversed.

This is the way yo.

Every movement requires energy.

Heat is released in places where electrons or holes are coupled due to the blast energy (potential difference)

In order for electrons and holes to move (generate), they must obtain energy from the outside (endotherm).

To explain polarity reversely,

At the point D, holes are passed over the P-type semiconductor, and external energy absorption,

At the point A, electrons are absorbed by the N-type semiconductor,

Electron-hole coupling and heat generation at C and B contacts

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric_effect

Please refer to Peltier effect picture.

At the point where electrons and holes disappear (top surface in the figure), energy is absorbed from the outside.

At the southern tip, it emits heat.

Addiction. As you say, if you can not release all of the heat from point C or B, the heat will pass to point A or D.

In practice, this is called thermal runaway. This means that the endothermic function decreases compared to the power consumption.

Therefore, when thermoelectric elements are used for heat absorption, power is applied at 30 ~ 50% of the rated value.

Peltier device development questions

A device that generates a voltage using a temperature difference is called a 'control back' device, and a Peltier device is in the opposite direction.

In principle, the Peltier device is more difficult, and it can be said that it has been put to practical use by the application of semiconductor technology relatively recently compared with the control back device.

However, they can not be said to work opposite. The Peltier device creates heat and chill, while the control back elements produce currents with warming, but not the opposite. First, the structural difference is big.

If it generates a voltage, it can be called a power generation, so that the control back element is, in other words, generating power.

In a gas stove in any house, there is a "heat sensor" that looks like a pencil with a diameter of about 5mm near the gas outlet. This sensor is 'heat generated' and opens the internal gas valve

An example of a typical 'control back' device.

The most widespread of these is sensors for industrial temperature control.

A typical example of the electrical characteristics of the control back element is a very low impedance,

It is extremely low voltage and relatively large current.

If you make this large, it will not be impossible to develop by heat. Once the problem of efficiency has been laid ...

All technologies and inventions must be 'quantitative analysis' following a 'qualitative' conception.

And the most important thing is 'economics'.

Edison can be an example of the inventor in many ways, but the situation is already very different from two centuries ago. In that era, quantitative issues were decided on the basis of qualitative ones, and then economic efficiency could be determined, but modern times and future times are very different.

Peltier effect - The phenomenon that temperature difference occurs when electric current is flowed

Seebeck effect - The phenomenon of electromotive force when temperature difference is given

A problem to be solved by the present invention is to obtain a cooling and heating effect by simply attaching a Peltier device to a tent in summer or winter.

The solution to this problem is to attach the Peltier element to the inside of the tent and to provide a cooling or heating device according to the direction of the charging battery (secondary battery) or the primary battery current.

The effect of the present invention is that the cooling and heating effect can be obtained by simply attaching the Peltier element to the tent.

1 is a perspective view of the present invention.

Specific details for carrying out the present invention will be described specifically with reference to the drawings.

1 is a perspective view of the tent according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the tent according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the tent according to the present invention. A charger for charging the direct current after converting the alternating current into direct current, and a rechargeable battery (secondary battery).

As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to particular embodiments, such as specific elements, and specific embodiments and drawings. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above- And various modifications and changes may be made thereto by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.

Accordingly, the spirit of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described, and all of the equivalents or equivalents of the claims, as well as the following claims, belong to the scope of the present invention .

1: inside the tent
2: Peltier element
3: Plug
5: AC / DC converter
10: Switch
20: rechargeable battery (rechargeable battery)

Claims

The tent is formed by attaching a peltier element to the inside of the cloth separating the inside and the outside of the tent or further comprising an attachment means for attaching the peltier element by the attachment means, A method and apparatus for heating and cooling using a thermoelectric element of a tent.

The method and apparatus for cooling / heating using a thermoelectric element of a tent according to claim 1, wherein an AC / DC converter for converting AC current to DC through an AC / DC converter is included.

3. The tent thermoelectric device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a charger for charging the direct current after converting the alternating current to direct current through the AC / DC converter, and a rechargeable battery (secondary battery) Method and Apparatus Used for Heating and Cooling.

The method and apparatus for cooling / heating using a thermoelectric element of a tent according to claim 1, wherein the power unit is formed by a solar cell and supplied by the solar cell.

The method and apparatus for heating / cooling using a thermoelectric element of a tent according to claim 4, characterized in that the thermoelectric element is charged by the secondary battery in the middle electric power connected to the solar cell and is supplied by the secondary battery.

The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the temperature of the tent is controlled by a power source such as a battery, a temperature sensor is input to the control unit, a control unit, and a control unit. Wherein the Peltier element further comprises an endothermic and / or heat-generating unit for causing the Peltier element to conduct electricity.

The thermoelectric device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein temperature setting for allowing the endothermic part to be energized at the power source part when the temperature rises above a certain temperature or falls below a certain temperature is set manually. Method and apparatus for heating and cooling using.