KR20160149359A

KR20160149359A - Apparatus and method for rinsing of can

Info

Publication number: KR20160149359A
Application number: KR1020150086006A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 한원태
Original assignee: (주)대성후드텍
Priority date: 2015-06-17
Filing date: 2015-06-17
Publication date: 2016-12-28
Also published as: KR101826262B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a can cleaning apparatus and a can cleaning method. This is a can cleaning apparatus which is cleaned by washing water sprayed from a plurality of nozzles while a plurality of cans are continuously moved by gravity in a can swamp tilted at a predetermined angle, the can swap comprising: an air sprayer ; A hot water injector for spraying hot water at 90 to 97 ° C; And a fresh water injector for injecting clean water of a room temperature. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a can cleaning apparatus and a can cleaning method that can thoroughly remove foreign matter such as adhesive tapes adhered by a visor or a bad lancet inside a beverage can.

Description

&Lt; Desc / Clms Page number 1 > APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR RINSING OF CAN

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a can cleaning technique, and more particularly, to an apparatus and a method for cleaning an interior of a can before a process of filling and sealing a beverage in a can in a can production process.

In general, the canned beverage refers to a product as shown in Fig. 1, which is filled with beverage such as alcohol or juice in a generally cylindrical can 10 made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy as a main material. The can 10 is manufactured in a shape having a side 11 of a generally cylindrical height H and a bottom 13 of a diameter W and the upper surface 15 is sealed after filling the beverage. After the can of the type shown in Fig. 1 is manufactured, the remaining foreign matters on the can surface generated during the manufacturing process are cleaned. The beverage can then be completed by filling the beverage inside the can and sealing the top of the can.

As described above, the conventional can cleaning is intended to remove foreign matter naturally occurring during the manufacturing process of the can. For example, Korean Patent Registration No. 1990-0004880 (published Jul. 9, 1990) describes an acidic composition or an alkaline composition for cleaning. When washing with such an acidic or alkaline composition, the cleaning time is shortened. However, there is a problem that the beverage is filled in the state where the washing liquid remaining in the can exists, and the product is made into a product. In this case, there has been a problem that the end consumer can drink the beverage containing the acidic or alkaline cleaning liquid, which is not good for the health of the consumer.

Accordingly, recently, as disclosed in Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-0094992 (published on Dec. 20, 2002), water is sprayed from a nozzle while a can supplied from a can dispenser is continuously moved in a can shot, The can cleaning process is performed by water washing.

However, in the conventional can cleaning process, there is still a problem that it is difficult to remove such foreign matter when an insect such as an adhesive tape is inserted into the can by inflow of a fly, such as a moth, or intention or maliciousness during a beverage production process. If a consumer consuming a final beverage product discovers a foreign substance in a drink, then in many environments with alternate third-party products, it is possible that not only the product image is seriously degraded, but also other products of the company producing and selling the product Can also seriously compromise competitiveness.

Korean Patent Registration No. 1990-0004880 (published on July 9, 1990) Korean Patent Publication No. 2002-0094992 (published on December 20, 2002)

An object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning technique for cleaning the interior of a can in a process of manufacturing a can of beverage product, which comprises an air injection process using high-pressure air during a movement of a plurality of cans in a predetermined cansuit, And a cleaning process that continuously performs a fresh water injection process using clean water at room temperature, it is possible to remove foreign matters such as moths such as moths or adhesive tapes adhered with malice, A can cleaning method, and a can cleaning method.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a can cleaning apparatus and a can cleaning method that can process a can of various sizes by constituting a part of a can su that a plurality of cans are continuously moved in a row in a movable frame.

Further, the present invention provides a can cleaning apparatus and a can cleaning method that can reduce the size of the entire apparatus by including a drying process for drying the washed can by air jet using high pressure air after the cleaning process, There is a purpose.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a can cleaning apparatus and can cleaning method for efficiently recycling water used in a cleaning process by heating the fresh water used in the fresh water injection process and recycling the same in a hot water injection process.

This object is achieved by a can cleaning apparatus and a can cleaning method which are provided according to the present invention.

A can cleaning apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention is a can cleaning apparatus that is cleaned by cleaning water sprayed from a plurality of nozzles while a plurality of cans are continuously moved by gravity in a can sucked at a predetermined angle, The suits include: an air injector for injecting high pressure air; A hot water injector for spraying hot water at 90 to 97 ° C; And a fresh water injector for injecting clean water of the room temperature.

In one embodiment, the can suck is arranged after the fresh water injector to pass through an air dryer which injects high pressure air.

In another embodiment, the can suit comprises a movable frame for adjusting the length (H) of the moving can in it.

In yet another embodiment, there is provided a sprayer comprising: a first water tank for collecting water injected from the fresh water injector; A second water tank for receiving water from the first water tank; A heat source for heating the water in the second water tank; And a third water tank for collecting water sprayed from the hot water injector.

In another embodiment, the heat source comprises: a heat exchange pipe arranged to exchange heat between the steam supply pipe and the steam in the second water tank.

A can cleaning method according to another aspect of the present invention is a can cleaning method in which a plurality of cans are cleaned by cleaning water sprayed from a plurality of nozzles while the cans are inclined at a predetermined angle and continuously moved by gravity in a can- The can moving along the chute comprises: an air jetting step for jetting high pressure air; A hot water spraying step of spraying hot water of 90 to 97 占 폚; And a fresh water injection step of spraying clean water at room temperature.

According to one embodiment, the can moving along the can suit passes through the air drying step for spraying high-pressure air after the fresh water injection step and is dried.

According to the present invention, there is provided a cleaning technique for cleaning the inside of a can during a manufacturing process of a canned beverage product, comprising: an air injection process using high-pressure air during a movement of a plurality of cans in a predetermined can chute; a hot water injection process using hot water; By providing a cleaning process that continuously performs a fresh water injection process using clean water at room temperature, a can cleaning device and a can cleaning method that can thoroughly remove even foreign materials such as moths or badly adhering adhesive tapes can be provided can do.

Further, according to the present invention, a can of various sizes can be processed by constituting a part of the can suits in which a plurality of cans are continuously moved in a row in a movable frame.

Further, the present invention includes a drying process that dries the washed can through an air jet using high pressure air after the cleaning process, thereby reducing the size of the overall apparatus.

Furthermore, the present invention can efficiently recycle the water used in the washing process by heating the fresh water used in the fresh water injection step and recycling the same in the hot water injection step.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic side cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional can.
2 is a side view schematically illustrating the overall structure of a can cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
3 is a schematic view illustrating a rotated state of a can in each part of a can cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a cleansing box of a can cleaning apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a schematic view illustrating the inside of a cleansing box of a can cleaning apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention, seen in section AA of Figure 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a can-sued adjustment structure for moving can-sized canals in the view of FIG. 5; FIG.
Figure 7 is a schematic view illustrating a nozzle injecting into a can moving in a can in the Figure of Figure 5;
8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration in which the can is cleaned by multiple nozzle injections as the can continuously moves within the cleansing box of the can cleaning apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a schematic view illustrating a cleaning process and a drying process nozzle configuration of a cleansing box of a can cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cleaning process of a cleansing box of a can cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention and a water tank connection configuration for supplying air, fresh water, hot water, and steam to the drying process.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

2 is a side view schematically illustrating an overall structure of a can cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 2, a can cleaning apparatus 20 having a can swath tilted at a predetermined angle a is shown. In the can cleaning apparatus 20, the can chute includes a plurality of parallel guide rods for guiding a plurality of cans having a predetermined size to move continuously by gravity . A can inlet 21, a primary twister 22, a cleansing box 23, a secondary twister 24, a can outlet 25, and a water tank 26 are disposed along the can suit.

The can inlet portion 21 is, for example, a portion into which cans supplied from the can manifold pelletizer flow in series.

The primary twister 22 is twisted by a certain angle, for example, 120 ㅀ, while the can supplied from the can inlet 21 moves by a certain length. As a result, the open side of the can is twisted in an obliquely downward direction from the top. The primary twister 22 can be configured in such a manner that the guide pipe constituting the can suck gradually tilts the can.

The cleansing box 23 has a plurality of nozzles for spraying wash water and air into a can moving along a can suit constituting the primary twister 22. In the illustrated example, the cleansing box 23 is a housing in which both the inlet and outlet through which the can suck passes are closed except for the openings, and in turn, the hot water box 231, the fresh water box 232 and the air drying box 233 are connected .

The hot water box 231 may be provided with an air injector and a hot water injector. The air injector can inject high pressure air into the can on the can suit. The hot water injector is then capable of high pressure injection of hot water, ie hot water, at about 90 ° C to 97 ° C. The hot water may be boiled water at room temperature using a heater or heated using heat supplied from the steam using a heat exchanger. As a result, foreign substances such as adhesive tape and moth, as well as natural foreign substances that may be present in the can in the manufacturing process of dust, lubricant oil, molding oil, etc., can be removed.

The fresh water box 232 may be provided with a fresh water injector for spraying clean water such as tap water at a room temperature of about 15 to 25 ° C, that is, clean water. The fresh water injected by the fresh water injector can further clean the inside of the can previously cleaned by air and hot water, and at the same time cool and cool the heat.

Then, the air drying box 233 can clean and dry the can by injecting high-pressure air into and / or outside the rinsed can by the fresh water injector.

The secondary twister 24 twists while the cleaned and dried can is moved a certain distance while passing through the cleansing box 23 so that the original unsealing surface is positioned at the top. The secondary twister 24 can also be configured in such a manner that the guide round bar constituting the can chute gradually tilts the can, like the primary twister 22.

The can outlet portion 25 can supply the can returned to its original state by the secondary twister 24 to the subsequent beverage filling and unsealing surface sealing process.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a can suit to which a can moves is constituted by a plurality of parallel guide rods forming a can moving passage adapted to the size of the can. At this time, a part of the guide round bar (for example, a round bar adjacent to the nozzle) constituting the can chute is fixed in position, while another part (for example, a round bar far from the nozzle can be implemented to adjust the position.

The water tank 26 is a reservoir for washing the can in the cleansing box 23 and collecting and recycling the can. Although not shown in the drawing, piping for supplying water to the cleansing box 23 and piping for collecting the water in the cleansing box 23 and sending the water to the water tank 26 are further included. In the illustrated example, only one water tank 26 is illustrated, but the water tank 26 may include a plurality of such as two, three, four, etc. as necessary.

In the can cleaning apparatus 20 of the above-described structure, the angle a formed by the inclined can suit with the bottom surface F is a value that allows the can moving along the can suit to be properly twisted and moved at an appropriate speed by gravity . According to the embodiment of the present invention, the angle a is preferably about 20 to 25.. In this case, the moving speed of the can can be about 500 to 1,350 per minute.

3 is a schematic view illustrating a rotated state of the can in each part of the can cleaning apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 3, in the can cleaning apparatus 30, the can moving along the can chute is twisted. First, the can 31 supplied to the primary twister can be supplied in a state in which the open side faces up (i.e., in the 0 state).

The can 31 to be supplied to the primary twister can be turned into a can 33 in a state in which the opened surface is turned obliquely downward, that is, rotated by 120 占 by rotating about 120 占 by the primary twister. This is for allowing the water in the can to flow out easily by gravity when the water is sprayed into the can 33 through the opened face facing downward at an angle of 120 ㅀ rotated can 33. While passing through the cleansing box, the can remains at 120 ㅀ without rotating further. Therefore, the can 35 discharged from the cleansing box is rotated 120 占 in the same manner as the can 33 flowing into the cleansing box.

The secondary twister rotates while the can 35 rotating in a state of 120 revolutions discharged from the cleansing box moves in accordance with the gravity so that the can 37 is returned to the same state as the original zero state. This returned can 37 can then be transferred to the beverage filling process.

4 is a schematic view illustrating the structure of a cleansing box of a can cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4, a cleansing box 40 is shown in which a hot water box 41, a fresh water box 43, and an air drying box 45 are connected in order.

The hot water box 41 includes a housing 410 through which the can suck 47 passes. In the housing 410, an air injector 412 and a hot water injector 414 are provided.

The air injector 412 may include an air supply unit 411 to which air is supplied, an air pipe for distributing the air supply unit 411, and a plurality of air injection nozzles disposed in the air pipe. The high-pressure air supplied to the air supply unit 411 can be injected into the air pipe and then injected through the air injection nozzle to inject high-pressure air into the can while being moved on the can suck 47. Accordingly, the can can be primarily air-cleaned.

The hot water injector 414 may include a hot water supply unit 413 to which hot water is supplied, a hot water pipe for distributing the hot water, and a plurality of hot water injection nozzles disposed in the hot water pipe. The hot water supplied from the hot water supply unit 413 is introduced into the hot water pipe, and is then sprayed through the plurality of hot water spray nozzles to spray hot water into the can that is moving on the can chute 47. Accordingly, the first air-cleaned can can be hot-washed in such a manner that the can is secondarily heated by the hot heat of the hot water and washed by the water.

The air injected from the air injector 412 can be discharged along the can chute 47 and the duct 416 installed at the upper end. The hot water sprayed from the nozzle of the hot water injector 414 and the water vapor generated from the hot water can be discharged through the drain 415 provided at the lower end of the housing 410 and the duct 416 provided at the upper end thereof.

The new water box 43 includes a housing 430 through which the can suck 47 passes. A fresh water injector 432 is provided in the housing 430.

The new water injector 432 may include a new water supply unit 431 to which new water is supplied, a fresh water pipe for distributing the new water, and a plurality of fresh water injection nozzles disposed in the fresh water pipe. The fresh water supplied from the fresh water supply unit 431 is injected through the fresh water injection nozzle and can spray the fresh water into the can that is moving on the can shoot 47. Accordingly, the primary air cleaning and the secondary hot water cleaning can can be freshly cleaned in such a manner that they are cleaned, cooled and rinsed by the fresh water injector 432.

The fresh water injected from the nozzle of the fresh water injector 432 can be discharged through the drain provided at the lower end of the housing 430. In the illustrated example, the housing 430 is configured so as to flow to the air drying box 45 downstream thereof without disposing a separate drain. This has the effect of simplifying the piping structure by reducing the number of drains.

The air drying box 45 includes a housing 450 through which the can chute 47 passes. An air injector 452 is provided in the housing 450.

The air injector 452 may include an air supply unit 451 to which air is supplied, an air pipe for distributing the air supply unit 451, and a plurality of air injection nozzles disposed in the air pipe. The air supplied from the air supply unit 451 can be injected through the air injection nozzle to inject air into the can that is moving on the can shoot 47. Accordingly, the cans that have been subjected to the primary air cleaning, the secondary hot water cleaning, and the tertiary fresh water cleaning can pass through the air drying box 45 and the water remaining by the gravity can flow naturally and at the same time, .

Air injected from the nozzle of the air injector 452 can be discharged through a duct installed at the upper end of the housing 450. In the illustrated example, the housing 450 is configured to be capable of being discharged along the can chute 47 without providing a separate duct. In other words, the three parts 41, 43 and 45 of the cleansing box 40 are connected to each other through a part through which the can suck 47 passes. Therefore, the air injected from the downstream air injector 452 can be discharged naturally along the can chute 47.

5 is a schematic view illustrating the inside of a cleansing box of a can cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, seen from A-A in Fig.

5, the cleansing box 50 includes a housing 501 and a sprayer 502 and a can chute 505 installed therein.

The injector 502 may be any one of an air injector, a hot water injector, or a fresh water injector. The air, hot water, or fresh water supplied to the sprayer 502 is sprayed through the spray nozzle 503. That is, the spraying nozzle 503 spreads at a certain angle and is sprayed. The air, hot water, or fresh water sprayed from the spray nozzle 503 collides with the inner surface of the can 504 moving along the can chute 505, thereby removing foreign matter from the collided surface, Washed or dried.

The can chute 505 can be configured to include a fixed frame 506 and a movable frame 507 so as to be adjustable in accordance with the size of the can 504. The movable frame 507 is moved to any one of preset positions by, for example, a pneumatic cylinder 508, thereby adjusting the size of the can suit so as to guide the can of a small size, a medium size, and a large size, respectively.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a can-shoot adjusting structure for moving different-sized cans in the drawing of FIG. 5. FIG.

Referring to Fig. 6, a can chute 61 and a can 63 therein are shown. The can shoot 61 includes a fixed frame 611 fixed to the cleansing box and a movable frame 613 whose position relative to the fixed frame 611 varies. The movable frame 613 is connected to a pneumatic cylinder 613 operated by an electric control signal.

In the illustrated example, the movable frame 612 is moved by the pneumatic cylinder 613 relative to the fixed frame 611 so that the movable frame 612 is moved to the movable frame 612 'and the movable frame 612 " A can 631 of a relatively small size is accommodated in the can chute defined by the movable frame 612 closest to the stationary frame 611. [ On the other hand, a relatively large can 631 ', 631 "is accommodated in the can suit defined by the movable frame 612', 612" at a position relatively far from the fixed frame 611.

Although not shown, the can suit can be adjusted to accommodate cans having different diameters (W). For example, a pneumatic cylinder (not shown) may be additionally provided at a right angle to the pneumatic cylinder 613 for moving the movable frame 612. This separate pneumatic cylinder (not shown) can adjust the width of the can chute by moving one of the left and right side frames of the can suit to accommodate the different diameter can.

According to this embodiment, it is possible to provide an effect that the cleaning operation can be performed in one apparatus with respect to the cans 631, 631 ', and 631 "of different sizes.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a nozzle injected into a can moving within a can in the drawing of Fig. 5;

7, the structure in which the air or water sprayed from the spray nozzle 72 of the sprayer 71 is injected into the inner surface of the moving can 74 in the can chute 73 is more clearly shown do.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration in which the can is cleaned by multiple nozzle injections as the can continuously moves within the cleansing box of the can cleaning apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8, a plurality of cans 81 moving in the direction of the arrow may be cleaned or dried by air or water sprayed from a plurality of spray nozzles 83 provided in the sprayer 82. In the illustrated example, the spray areas 84 are continuous without interruption, in order to increase the cleaning efficiency of the can 81 which is successively transferred continuously without interruption.

For example, the can moves along the arrow at a rate of 550 per minute. In this case, the spray range 84 of one injection nozzle 83 is about 5 to 15 cm. However, since the can 81 is moving at a high speed, the contact time between one injection nozzle 83 and the inside of one can 81 is short, so that one can 81 is connected to one injection nozzle 83, The inside of the can 81 can not be sufficiently cleaned while passing through the spray range 84 of the can. Therefore, in accordance with the present invention, a plurality of injection nozzles 83 are configured in such a manner that a plurality of injection nozzles 83 are jetted to a can 81 continuously moving at a constant speed in order to sufficiently clean the can 81.

9 is a schematic view illustrating a cleaning process and a drying process nozzle configuration of a cleansing box of a can cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 9, the configuration of the cleansing box 92 is schematically shown as a part of the can cleaning apparatus 90. As shown in Fig. A plurality of cans 91 are guided and moved in a line by the can chute along the longitudinal direction of the cleansing box 92. [ The moving can 91 is cleaned by the air and water injected by the air injector 93, the hot water injector 94, and the fresh water injector 95, as described above. And then dried by the air injectors 96 and 97.

Air can be simultaneously supplied to the three air injectors 93, 96, 97 for cleaning and drying through an air supply unit for supplying cleanly filtered air at a high pressure. The hot water injector 94 can be supplied with hot water of about 95 캜. Clean fresh water can be supplied to the fresh water injector (95). Water injected from the hot water injector 94 and the fresh water injector 95 may be separately discharged through a first drain through which hot water is discharged and a second drain through which water at room temperature is discharged, respectively.

10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cleaning process of a cleansing box of a can cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention and a water tank connection configuration for supplying air, fresh water, hot water and steam, and a water tank to the drying process.

Referring to FIG. 10, there is shown schematically a configuration for the supply and discharge of air and water supplied to each injector in the cleansing box as part of the can cleaning apparatus 100.

The hot water injector 105, and the fresh water injector 106, the air injectors 107 and 108, in order to clean and dry the moving can while being guided by the can chute along the longitudinal direction of the cleansing box. .

Air can be simultaneously supplied to the three air injectors 104, 107, and 108 for cleaning and drying through an air supply pipe 101 connected to an air supply unit that supplies clean filtered air at a high pressure.

The fresh water injector 106 can be supplied with clean room temperature water through a fresh water supply pipe 102 connected to, for example, a water supply facility. The can is sprayed through the fresh water injector 106 to wash the can and the collected water can be collected through the drain provided in the cleansing box and collected in the first water tank 109. The water collected in the first water tank 109 may be supplied to the second water tank 110 for removing hot water through, for example, a filtering device.

Hot water may be supplied to the hot water injector 105 from the second water tank 110 for supplying hot water. The second water tank 110 may be supplied with clean room temperature water through a fresh water supply pipe 102 connected to the water supply equipment or may be supplied with water collected in the first water tank 109. The second water tank 110 is further provided with a heat source for heating room temperature water to about 95 ° C. Such a heat source may be a heater device that converts electric energy into thermal energy. Preferably, the heat source may be a heat exchange pipe connected to the steam supply pipe 103 supplying steam at a temperature of about 100 DEG C or higher. The can is sprayed through the hot water injector 105 to wash the can and the collected water can be collected through another drain provided in the cleansing box and collected in the third water tank 111. The water collected in the third water tank 111 can remove foreign matter through, for example, a filtering device. Optionally or additionally, the water collected in the third water tank 111 may be discharged in order to be used or discarded in another process.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, Of course, fall within the scope of the present invention.

20: Can cleaning device
21: can inlet
22: Primary twister
23: Cleansing box
231: Heat water box
232: lucky box
233: Air drying box
24: Secondary twister
25: Can outflow section

Claims

A can cleaning apparatus which is cleaned by washing water sprayed from a plurality of nozzles while a plurality of cans are continuously moved by gravity in a can swamp inclined at a predetermined angle,
An air injector for injecting high pressure air;
A hot water injector for spraying hot water at 90 to 97 ° C; And
A new water sprayer that injects clean water at room temperature
And is arranged to pass continuously through the can.

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the can suck is disposed after the fresh water injector so as to pass through an air dryer for spraying high pressure air.

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the can suit comprises a movable frame for adjusting the length (H) or the diameter (W) of the can moving therein.

The method according to claim 1,
A first water tank for collecting water injected from the new water injector;
A second water tank for receiving water from the first water tank;
A heat source for heating the water in the second water tank;
A third water tank for collecting water sprayed from the hot water injector
Containing can cleaning device.

5. The method of claim 4,
The heat source comprises:
And a heat exchange pipe arranged to exchange heat between the steam supply pipe and the steam in the second water tank.

A can cleaning method for cleaning a plurality of cans by washing water sprayed from a plurality of nozzles while continuously moving by gravity in a can in a tilted can at a predetermined angle,
An air jetting step of jetting high pressure air;
A hot water spraying step of spraying hot water of 90 to 97 占 폚; And
The fresh water injection step that injects the clean water of room temperature
Wherein the can is washed by passing through the can.

The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the can moving along the can suit passes through an air drying step for spraying high pressure air after the fresh water injection step and is dried.