KR20160148172A

KR20160148172A - Impact durability testing device of gear box

Info

Publication number: KR20160148172A
Application number: KR1020150084804A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 이용범
Original assignee: 한국기계연구원
Priority date: 2015-06-16
Filing date: 2015-06-16
Publication date: 2016-12-26
Also published as: KR101709233B1

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a test apparatus for testing impact durability of a gear pump for driving a hydraulic pump provided in a large equipment such as an excavator and more particularly to a gear box And the input shaft is connected to the servo cylinder means provided with the operating rod for reciprocating up and down, so that the input shaft is rotated in the forward and reverse directions according to the operation of the servo cylinder means, The present invention relates to a shock durability tester for a gear box, which can easily and easily test and measure impact durability (torque) applied when distributed to a vehicle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to an impact test apparatus,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a test apparatus for testing impact durability of a gear pump for driving a hydraulic pump provided in a large equipment such as an excavator and more particularly to a gear box And the input shaft is connected to the servo cylinder means provided with the operating rod for reciprocating up and down, so that the input shaft is rotated in the forward and reverse directions according to the operation of the servo cylinder means, To a shock durability tester for a gear box that can easily and easily test and measure impact durability (torque) applied to the input shaft when distributed to the input shaft.

Generally, a transmission such as a speed reducer, a speed reducer, and the like provided in various driving devices such as a vehicle or a generator is configured to increase or decrease a driving force input to an input shaft while a plurality of gears are arranged and is transmitted to an output shaft.

These gearboxes must satisfy the test results by performing tests for required performance under various conditions prior to actual use, ie, durability of gearboxes and stability for accurate torque transfer characteristics.

For this purpose, a required performance test is usually performed on the gear box by applying a rotational force and a torque to the gear box (also referred to as a "test gear box") to be tested by using a motor. In this test apparatus, And a device for performing a performance test of a gear box while increasing or decreasing the torque applied to the test gear box by using a separate motor or torque generator.

The known conventional testing apparatus tests the performance and durability of the test gear box indirectly by inputting power to the input shaft of the test gear box and connecting the output shaft of the test gear box to the input shaft to measure the power generated from the gear box. The device and its method are the main.

That is, in order to check the durability of the planetary gear box (reduction gear and the speed reducer), it is necessary to rapidly apply the forward rotation (CW) and the reverse rotation (CCW) The test is performed.

In such a conventional planetary durability testing apparatus for a planetary gear type reducer and a speed reducer, a hydraulic motor which is capable of rapidly rotating forward and backward rapidly by using fluid energy of a high pressure and a high flow rate is used as a test body ) And the mechanical durability test was carried out by using a hydraulic pump which can convert the mechanical output energy of high specimen to fluid energy with high responsiveness.

The conventional test apparatus as described above is known as 'a device for testing the planetary durability of a planetary gear box' of Japanese Patent No. 10-1108122.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the 'planetary durability test apparatus for a planetary gear box' will be schematically described.

As shown in the hydraulic circuit diagram of FIG. 8, a plurality of planetary gear boxes, that is, a test gear box 110 and a load gear box 120, which are test objects, The test gear box 110 and the load gear box 120 are connected to each other via a coupling 130. The test gear box 110 and the load gear box 120 are coupled to each other through a coupling 130, And a large torque meter is installed in the coupling 130 to measure the torque.

That is, the high pressure and the flow rate (unit volume flow rate) are transmitted to the hydraulic motor 104 through the accumulator 103 and the like. The hydraulic motor 104 controls the pressure and the flow rate, , Speed), and transmits the torque to the test gear box (test body) 110. In the test gear box 110 that receives the torque and the speed, the speed is reduced through the reducer installed therein, but the torque is increased.

Thereafter, in the load gear box 120 receiving the torque and speed of the test gear box 110 through the coupling 130, the torque is reduced through the internal speed reducer and the speed is increased, 103 'by the hydraulic pump 105 driven by the hydraulic pressure supply of the hydraulic motor and then discharging the pressure and the flow rate.

KR 10-1108122 (registration number) 2012.01.13. KR 10-2013-0035248 (publication number) 2013.04.08. KR 10-0916013 (registration number) 2009.08.31.

However, in the conventional test apparatus, as the test target planetary gear box becomes larger in capacity, when the conventional gearbox durability test apparatus is tested, the damage may occur due to a severe test environment as compared with the capacity of the hydraulic motor there is a problem.

In order to test a large-capacity gearbox, a large-sized hydraulic motor and a large-sized pump for supplying high-pressure hydraulic fluid thereto are required. In order to test a large-capacity gearbox which occupies a relatively small portion, There is a problem that it is difficult to construct a pump and a test equipment therefrom in addition to a realistic difficulty and a very heavy economic burden and a great burden is required for operating the actual equipment.

In addition, when a large-sized hydraulic motor and a gear pump durability testing apparatus employing a large pump are installed, the test conditions in a severe environment required for a gear pump for driving a hydraulic pump of a super-large excavator, that is, The actual conditions of the hydraulic pressure flowing inside the hydraulic pump are limited to implement the impact test conditions capable of rapidly and reversely rotating the hydraulic pump.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art,

There is provided a servo cylinder for connecting an operation arm to an input shaft of a gear box in which a single drive input shaft and a plurality of output shafts, (Torque) can be easily measured and tested while allowing the driving force transmitted to the input shaft to be distributed to one or a plurality of output shafts by forward and reverse rotation by the mechanical operation of the servo cylinder responding abruptly, The present invention provides a durability testing apparatus for an impact durability test apparatus.

Another object of the present invention is to simplify the miniaturization of the testing equipment of the large capacity gear box by providing the cylinder unit having quick and rapid forward and reverse rotation responsiveness rather than the large pump when the gear box becomes large capacity While at the same time allowing testing of large-capacity gearboxes at low cost.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for testing a durability of a gear box having an input shaft and an output shaft,

A gear box including an input shaft inserted in one side of the housing and transmitting a driving force and an output shaft inserted in the other side of the housing and connected to the input shaft, And an operating rod connected to an end of the pivoting operation arm is provided so as to be able to reciprocate up and down.

In addition, the present invention is characterized by a support bracket connected to the housing for supporting and fixing the gear box, a base fixedly supporting the gear box mounted on the support bracket, and a bearing bearing installed to support the input shaft And a guide column fixedly installed on the base so as to allow the carriage to be vertically slidable is further provided on the base, wherein the guide bracket is installed on the base, do.

The durability testing apparatus of the gearbox according to the present invention comprises a servo cylinder for connecting an actuating arm to an input shaft of a gear box in which one input shaft and one or more output shafts are installed in the housing, Thus, the input shaft can be rotated forward and backward while being rapidly and shocked, so that the torque due to the impact durability can be easily and easily measured.

In addition, the present invention can simplify and miniaturize a large-capacity gear box test facility by constructing a cylinder means having a quick and rapid swing response in both forward and reverse rotation than a large pump instead of installing a large pump corresponding to the large capacity of the gear box. It is possible to carry out the test of the gearbox with a large capacity, and the economical efficiency is remarkably improved.

1 is a schematic perspective view of an apparatus for testing a durability of a gearbox according to the present invention,
2 is a schematic sectional view of a durability testing apparatus of a gearbox according to the present invention,
3 is a front view, a plan view, and a side view of a main portion of a durability testing apparatus of a gearbox according to the present invention,
FIG. 4 is a perspective view and a separated perspective view of a company box of a gearbox durability testing apparatus according to the present invention,
5 is a front view, a side view, and a rear view of a gear box durability testing apparatus according to the present invention,
6 is a conceptual diagram of a normal and reverse impact test implemented in a gear box of a gear box durability testing apparatus according to the present invention,
7 is a graph showing the normal and transverse impact test conditions applied to the gear box of the gear box durability testing apparatus according to the present invention,
8 is a circuit diagram of a gear box durability testing apparatus according to the prior art.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The impact durability testing apparatus 200 of a gear box according to the present invention, as shown in Figs. 1 to 5,

And an input shaft 210 inserted into one side of the housing 201 to transmit a driving force and a plurality of output shafts 220 connected to the input shaft 210 while being inserted into the other side of the housing 201. [ Box 230,

A swing operation arm 240 connected and fixed to the input shaft 210 provided in the gear box 230,

And an operating rod 251 connected to an end of the pivoting arm 240 is provided to be capable of reciprocating up and down.

Here, the servo cylinder means 250 is a means for installing the actuating rod 251 so that the actuating rod 251 can reciprocate up and down in accordance with the inflow and outflow of hydraulic pressure. Such a means can be installed by a conventional known means, And detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The end of the operating rod 251 and the end of the pivoting arm 240 are connected to each other by a pivot joint 252 and a joint pin 253, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

According to the present invention configured as described above, the operation rod 251 is reciprocated by the operation of the servo cylinder means 250, so that the pivotal movement arm 240 repeats forward and reverse rotation, Can be rotated forward or backward.

Accordingly, the plurality of output shafts 220 connected to the input shaft 210 can also be rotated forward or reverse.

The apparatus 200 for testing durability of a gear box according to the present invention includes a support bracket 260 for supporting and fixing the housing 201 of the gear box 230,

A base 270 for fixing and supporting the support bracket 260 on its upper surface,

A bearing bracket 211 fixed on the base 270 by fixing a bearing bearing 211a installed to support the input shaft 210,

A carriage 280 for mounting the servo cylinder means 250 and moving the servo cylinder means 250 up and down,

And a guide column 290 fixed to the base 270 so that the carriage 280 can be vertically slid.

Therefore, the gear box 230 to be tested is fixed to the upper surface of the base 270 through the support bracket 260.

Here, the carriage 270 is vertically and slidably coupled along the guide column 290, and a vertically slidable engagement structure may be a ball-screw type.

The carriage 270 is vertically adjustable along the guide column 290 and can be fixed in a controlled position.

Therefore, the servo cylinder 250 is mounted on the carriage 280, and the vertical position can be adjusted and fixed according to the up / down driving of the servo cylinder 250.

Here, the end of the output shaft 220 is provided with fixing means 300 for fixing the output shaft 220.

The fixing means 300 may be a key-lock means or a power lock means.

The key-rock or power lock means can be easily installed and configured by a person skilled in the art based on known technology, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

An input shaft torque measuring means (torque meter) 310 capable of measuring a torque and a rotational speed generated when the pivoting arm 240 rotates in the forward and reverse directions is installed on the input shaft 210 having the above- have.

Also, output shaft torque measuring means (not shown) may be installed on the output shaft 220 to measure the output torque and the rotational speed when the driving force input through the input shaft 210 is transmitted.

The testing apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention configured as above will be described in detail with emphasis on testing a gear box composed of one input shaft and three output shafts. However, the present invention is not limited to one input shaft and three output shafts, and one output shaft may be connected to one input shaft and two output shafts or more output shafts may be connected to one input shaft.

The input shaft 210 is provided with a driving gear (also referred to as a sun gear) 212 coupled to the input shaft 210. The output shaft 220 includes first and second output shafts 221 and 222 connected to each other at intervals, The first and second output shafts 221 and 222 are provided with first and second planetary gears 221a and 222a engaged with the driving gear 212, And the output shaft 223 is provided with a third planetary gear 223a which is engaged with the driving gear 212. [

Here, a method of connecting three first, second, and third output shafts 221, 222, and 223 to one input shaft 210 is as follows.

First and second and third planetary gears 221a, 222a and 223a are inserted into the driving gear 212 and inserted into the housing 201. The housing 201 is again supported by the support bracket 260, And is mounted and fixed to the base 270.

When the input shaft 210 rotates in this manner, the driving gear 212 rotates and the first, second, and third planetary gears 221a, 222a, and 223a are rotated, And 2,3 output shafts 221, 222, and 223 are rotated.

The fixing means 300 for fixing the first, second and third output shafts 221, 222 and 223 are installed at the respective ends of the first, second and third output shafts 221, 222 and 223.

The end of the first output shaft 221 is installed as a key-lock and the end of the second and third output shafts 222 and 223 is installed as a power-lock means. .

The first and second output shafts 221 and 222 are tightly coupled to each other, and the second and third output shafts 222 and 223 are connected and fixed by power lock means in a state in which the first and second output shafts 221 and 223 are rotated so as to have no clearance by using an initial driving force It is possible to reduce the loss by removing the backlash which may be generated in the gear bite, thereby improving the efficiency of the test.

Among the three output shafts included in the gear box 230 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first output shaft 221 connected to the first planetary gear 221a and the second planetary gear 222b connected to the second planetary gear 222a The second output shaft 222 is connected to the third output shaft 223 by 40% torque and the third output shaft 223 is connected to the third output shaft 223 by 20% torque But is not limited thereto.

The first and second output shafts 221 and 222 have the same size (diameter) and the third output shaft 223 provided on the upper side of the first and second output shafts 221 and 222 is connected to the first and second output shafts 221 and 222 .

As described above, the test apparatus of the present invention is configured such that the input shaft 210 and the first, second, and third output shafts 221, 222, and 223 are connected to each other and the ends of the first, second, and third output shafts 221, 222, The end portions of the first, second and third output shafts 221, 222 and 223 are connected to the fixing means 300 by the servo cylinder means 250, The torque is generated on the input shaft 210 and thus the torque generated on the input shaft 210 is measured by the input shaft torque measuring means 310 connected thereto.

At this time, the servo cylinder unit 250 is adjusted to the position required for the test using the carriage 280 and fixed.

When the servo cylinder unit 250 is operated in the fixed and adjusted state as described above, the operation rod 251 reciprocates up and down to rotate the pivoting arm 240 in the forward and reverse directions, It can be rotated in the forward and reverse directions.

7A, the forward / reverse rotation operation period of the operation rod 251 included in the servo cylinder unit 250 of the test apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is a forward rotation period (A section), the reverse rotation (section B), and the maintenance (section C) are performed repeatedly so that the number of cycles is more than several hundred thousand cycles (1.2 million cycles in the present invention).

The operation period of the actuating rod 251 included in the servo cylinder unit 250 according to the present invention is performed in a very fast response time which is 0.5 seconds in all of the periods A, B and C It is possible to make the time even shorter.

When the responsiveness becomes fast as described above, the applied force is the impact force. Therefore, the present invention provides an apparatus for testing durability while applying an impact force.

As a result of performing the test by setting the operating cycle of the servo cylinder means 250 as described above, it can be seen that the load (torque) corresponding to each section is measured in the graph shown in FIG. 7 (b).

In more detail, green is the input control value, blue is the changed displacement measurement value, and red is the load measurement value. When the input control value is input, the displacement is changed, and a strong load is applied accordingly. Therefore, the control value, the displacement measurement value and the underwater measurement value should be increased and decreased equally. According to Fig. 7 (b), the green indicating the control value and the blue indicating the displacement measurement value are overlapped with each other according to the operation cycle of the normal rotation and the load measurement result is also increased in the same area as the control value and displacement measurement value Respectively.

In the general large hydraulic motor, it was impossible to perform the A, B, and C sections within 1.5 seconds or less. However, the servo cylinder unit 250 provided in the present invention is much faster in response than the large hydraulic motor, It is possible to carry out the test and it is found that it is very suitable for impact and durability test.

As described above, the apparatus for testing the durability of a gear box according to the present invention includes a drive arm connected to an input shaft of a gear box having a single drive input shaft and one or more output shafts to which a drive force is distributed, A servo cylinder for forward and reverse rotation is provided so that the driving force transmitted to the input shaft is distributed to one or a plurality of output shafts by rapidly and rapidly rotating the input shaft mechanically by the mechanical operation of the servo cylinder, Torque) can be easily measured and tested.

200: Impact durability test equipment of gearbox
201: housing
210: Input shaft 211: Bearing bracket 211a: Bearing bearing
212: drive gear
220: Output shaft
221: first output shaft 221a: first planetary gear 222: second output shaft
222a: second planetary gear 223: third output shaft 223a: third planetary gear
230: Gearbox
240: turning operation arm
250: Servo cylinder means 251: Actuation rod 252: Pivot joint
253: Joint pin
260: support bracket 270: base 280: carriage
290: guide column 300: fixing means
310: input shaft torque measuring means

Claims

1. A durability tester for a gear box having an input shaft and an output shaft,
A gear box 210 comprising an input shaft 210 inserted into one side of the housing 201 to transmit driving force and an output shaft 220 connected to the input shaft 210 while being inserted into the other side of the housing 201 230,
A swing operation arm 240 connected and fixed to the input shaft 210 provided in the gear box 230,
And an operating rod (251) connected to an end of the pivoting arm (240), the servo cylinder means (250) being installed for vertical reciprocating motion.

The method according to claim 1,
A support bracket 260 connected to the housing 201 for supporting and fixing the gear box 230,
A base 270 fixedly supporting the gear box 230 installed on the support bracket 260 on an upper surface thereof,
A bearing bracket 211 fixed on the base 270 by fixing a bearing bearing 211a installed to support the input shaft 210,
A carriage 280 for mounting the servo cylinder means 250 so as to be movable up and down,
And a guide column (290) fixedly installed on the base (270) so that the carriage (280) can slide up and down.

3. The method of claim 2,
The input shaft 210 is a single shaft through which a driving force is transmitted and the output shaft 220 is connected to the input shaft 210 so that the driving force is transmitted and distributed. Test equipment.

3. The method of claim 2,
The end of the output shaft 220 is further provided with a fixing means 300 as a key lock means or a power lock means for fixing the end of the output shaft 220,
The input shaft 210 is provided with input shaft torque measuring means 310 capable of measuring a torque and a rotational speed generated when the swing operation arm 240 rotates in the forward and reverse directions, Device.

3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the carriage (270) is configured to be vertically adjustable along the guide column (290).

5. The method of claim 4,
The output shaft 220 includes first and second output shafts 221 and 222 connected to the input shaft 210 with a gap therebetween at a lower side of the output shaft 220, The first and second output shafts 221 and 222 are respectively provided with first and second planetary gears 221a and 222a coupled to the driving gear 212. The third and fourth output shafts 223 and 223 ) Is provided with a third planetary gear (223a) engaged with the drive gear (212).

The method according to claim 6,
The fixing means 300 for fixing the first, second, and third output shafts 221, 222,
The ends of the first output shaft 221 are fixedly provided by a key lock and the ends of the second and third output shafts 222 and 223 are fixed by power lock means,
An impact durability test of a gear box in which a torque of 40% is applied to the first output shaft 221 and a torque of 20% is applied to the third output shaft 223 are applied to the first output shaft 221 and the second output shaft 222, respectively Device.

8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the servo cylinder means (250) is configured to apply a driving force application period of normal and reverse rotation to the input shaft (210) within 0.5 seconds.

8. The method of claim 7,
The first and second output shafts 221 and 222 have the same size and the third output shaft 223 provided on the upper side of the first and second output shafts 221 and 222 is smaller than the first and second output shafts 221 and 222 Impact durability testing device of gearbox.