KR20160144658A - Grid connected inverter having control function of Energy Storage System - Google Patents

Grid connected inverter having control function of Energy Storage System Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20160144658A
KR20160144658A KR1020150081077A KR20150081077A KR20160144658A KR 20160144658 A KR20160144658 A KR 20160144658A KR 1020150081077 A KR1020150081077 A KR 1020150081077A KR 20150081077 A KR20150081077 A KR 20150081077A KR 20160144658 A KR20160144658 A KR 20160144658A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
power
storage device
energy storage
switch
commercial
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KR1020150081077A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
이환귀
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주식회사 주왕산업
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Priority to KR1020150081077A priority Critical patent/KR20160144658A/en
Publication of KR20160144658A publication Critical patent/KR20160144658A/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

Abstract

The present invention relates to a grid-connected inverter device having an energy storage device control function for minimizing unnecessary transmission of new and renewable energy to a commercial grid and maximizing the amount of new and renewable energy,
The grid-connected inverter device having the energy storage device control function includes an inverting unit for converting the generated power of the new and renewable generation device into commercial power and outputting it to at least one of a power load, an energy storage device, and a commercial system; And measuring and analyzing a current flow between the commercial system and the power load to determine whether a surplus power generation state or a power shortage state occurs and to charge the energy storage device through the output power of the inverting section if the surplus power generation occurs, And an energy storage device controller for supplying the power stored in the energy storage device to the power load when the power storage device is in a deficient state.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a grid-connected inverter having a control function of an energy storage device,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a grid-connected inverter device, and more particularly, to a grid-connected inverter device capable of controlling charging and discharging operations of an energy storage device based on a current flow direction to a commercial grid.

Recently, as energy generation capacity is limited by nuclear power generation and thermal power generation, smart power generation such as solar power generation and wind power generation using small renewal energy such as home, building, Grid technology is gradually being developed and expanded.

However, such a new and renewable energy generation apparatus that generates renewable energy has a disadvantage that it can not produce uniform power. Therefore, it is necessary to have a device capable of storing unequally generated electric power and supplying it stably. However, it is necessary to compensate the disadvantages by linking with ESS (Energy Storage System).

In the case of the solar ESS system, in order to control the power peak, charge the solar power generator at night and use the stored energy for the part over the power target in the daytime.

However, in the conventional solar photovoltaic cell ESS system, power exceeding the power peak value is unconditionally donated as commercial power, and there is a problem that the power generated by the solar photovoltaic power system can not be fully utilized in the facility .

http://www.energydaily.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=49254

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a grid-connected inverter device for converting generated power of a renewable energy generation device into commercial power, To provide a grid-connected inverter device having an energy storage device control function that minimizes unnecessary transmission of new and renewable energy to a commercial system and maximizes the amount of new and renewable energy used.

Also, it is possible to provide a system having an energy storage device control function that prevents the ESS from separately providing a circuit for converting the power stored in the ESS into commercial power by providing the power stored in the ESS to the power load via the grid- To provide a linked inverter device.

The objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

As a means for solving the above problems, a grid-connected inverter device having an energy storage device control function according to an embodiment of the present invention converts generated power of a new-generation power generation device into commercial power, , And a commercial system; And measuring and analyzing a current flow between the commercial system and the power load to determine whether a surplus power generation state or a power shortage state occurs and to charge the energy storage device through the output power of the inverting section if the surplus power generation occurs, And an energy storage device controller for supplying the power stored in the energy storage device to the power load when the power storage device is in a deficient state.

The energy storage device comprising: a first switch located between the output of the inverting portion and the energy storage device; A second switch located between the power load and the energy storage device; A third switch located between the output terminal of the inverting section and the commercial system; A fourth switch positioned between the power load and the commercial system; And when the current flows from the power load side to the commercial system and the charging power of the energy storage device is lower than a predetermined upper limit value, the first switch is turned on to charge the energy storage device through the output power of the inverting portion , When a current flows from the power load side to the commercial system and the charging power of the energy storage device is higher than a predetermined upper limit value, the third switch is turned on instead of the first switch, so that the output power of the inverting portion is equal to the commercial power And when the charging power of the energy storage device is higher than a predetermined lower limit value, the second switch is turned on so that the charging power of the energy storage device is supplied to the power load , And in the commercial system side, And a control unit for turning on the fourth switch instead of the second switch so that the commercial power is supplied to the power load when a current flows to the power load and the charging power of the energy storage device is lower than a predetermined lower limit value .

The energy storage device may further include: a first switch located between the output terminal of the inverting unit and the energy storage device; A second switch located between the energy storage device and the input of the inverting portion; A third switch located between the output terminal of the inverting section and the commercial system; A fourth switch positioned between the power load and the commercial system; When the current flows from the power load side to the commercial system and the charging power of the energy storage device is lower than a predetermined upper limit value, the first switch is turned on to charge the energy storage device through the output power of the inverting portion, When the current flows from the power load side to the commercial system and the charging power of the energy storage device is higher than a predetermined upper limit value, the third switch is turned on instead of the first switch to transmit the output power of the inverting portion to the commercial power When the current flows from the commercial system side to the power load side and the charging power of the energy storage device is higher than a predetermined lower limit value, the second switch is turned on so that the charging power of the energy storage device is supplied to the inverting unit , And in the commercial system side, And a control unit for turning on the fourth switch to supply the commercial power to the power load instead of the second switch when a current flows to the load and the charging power of the energy storage device is lower than a predetermined lower limit value .

By applying the ESS control function to the grid-connected inverter device for converting the generated power of the renewable energy generation device of the present invention into commercial power, the renewable energy generated through the sunlight, wind power, etc., Minimizing unnecessary transmission and maximizing the use of renewable energy.

In addition, by providing the power stored in the ESS to the power load through the grid-connected inverter device if necessary, the ESS does not have a circuit for converting the power stored in the ESS into commercial power, thereby minimizing the circuit configuration of the ESS It can be done.

1 is a diagram illustrating a power system diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a diagram illustrating a grid-connected inverter device having an energy storage device control function according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 3 to 6 are diagrams for explaining a method of controlling an energy storage device of a grid-connected inverter device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a view illustrating a grid-connected inverter device having an energy storage device control function according to another embodiment of the present invention.
8 is an ESS implementation example according to an embodiment of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

The following terms are defined in consideration of the functions of the present invention, and these may be changed according to the intention of the user, the operator, or the like.

The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Only. Therefore, the definition should be based on the contents throughout this specification.

1 is a diagram illustrating a power system diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the power system diagram of the present invention includes a transformer 11, power metering units 21 and 22, a power load 30, a renewable energy generation device 30, an energy storage system ESS) 50, and a grid-connected inverter 50, and the like.

The transformer 11 converts commercial power generated and provided by a large-scale power generation apparatus operated by Korea Electric Power Corporation into power that can be used in a small-scale facility such as a building, apartment, or company, and outputs the converted power, And transmits the power generated and provided by the generator 30 to the large-scale power generation apparatus.

The power metering units 21 to 24 can be implemented with at least one of the peak meter 21 connected to the transformer 11 or the grid power line, the CT 22 for the KEPCO, the electronic watt hour meter 23 and the digital watt hour meter 24 Which is connected to the transformer 11 or the grid power line to measure the direction of current flow, the amount of current, and the like.

The renewable energy generation device 30 is implemented as a solar power generation device and a wind power generation device, and acquires and provides electric energy from renewable energy such as solar light, wind power, and the like.

The ESS 40 includes a plurality of supercapacitors C11 to Cmn of a very large capacity and temporarily stores the power generated by the renewable energy generation device 30 under the control of the grid interconnected inverter 50, Transmit the stored power again. At this time, the supercapacitor may be at least one of an Electric Double Layer Capacitor (EDLC), a Pseudo Capacitor (P-EDLC), and a Hybrid Capacitor.

The grid-connected inverter 50 further includes an ESS control unit 520 in addition to the conventional inverting unit 510 to provide the electric power obtained by the renewable energy generation device 30 to the electric power load 60 When surplus power is generated, surplus power is supplied to the ESS 40 rather than the commercial system 10 so that the ESS 40 charges the surplus power. In addition, when sufficient power is not generated by the renewable energy generation device 30, the electric power charged in the ESS 40 is supplied to the electric power load 60 so that the use of the commercial electric power can be minimized.

The power load 60 may be various electronic products connected to electric wiring installed in a facility equipped with a renewable energy generation device. Examples of electronic products include electric lamps, electric heaters, and computers.

That is, in the present invention, the grid-connected inverter 50 additionally provides the ESS control function, so that the grid-connected inverter 50 can supply the surplus electric power generated by the renewable energy generation device 30 unconditionally, As well as to fill the power shortage through the ESS 40 rather than the commercial grid, thereby maximizing the amount of renewable energy utilization.

2 is a diagram illustrating a grid-connected inverter device having an energy storage device control function according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, the grid-connected inverter device 50 of the present invention may include an inverting unit 510 and an ESS control unit 520.

First, the inverting unit 510 may include a boost converter 511, an inverter 512, a filter 513, and a first control unit 514.

The boost converter 511 boosts a low voltage generated and outputted through the renewable energy generation device 30 such as a photovoltaic power generation device, a wind power generation device or the like according to the voltage boosting rate adjusted by the first control part 514 It plays a role. At this time, the voltage step-up ratio is determined according to the duty ratio of the PWM control signal provided from the first controller 514.

The inverter 512 receives the boosted DC power through the boost converter 511 and converts it to the form and frequency of the power supply to be supplied to the power load 30. [ For example, the inverter 512 may convert the DC power of the boost converter 511 to a three-phase or single-phase AC power of 60 Hz.

The filter 513 is a component for filtering the carrier frequency and the surge frequency included in the AC power converted by the inverter 512. The filter 513 includes a transmission line So that the voltage of the voltage ripple appearing at the output terminal of the grid-connected inverter is removed, so that a current of a clean sinusoidal waveform is applied to the system 20.

The filter 513 also filters the carrier frequency and the surge frequency included in the output of the inverter 512 to provide a signal to the load and the system 20 and the inverter 512, The circuit configuration can be effectively protected.

The first controller 514 has a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. Based on the MPPT, the first controller 514 controls the voltage and current of the input power supplied from the renewable energy generator 30, The maximum power point (MPP MOPP) data that the solar cell array 10 can deliver maximum power based on the output voltage and current of the solar cell array 10. The boost converter 511 and the inverter 512 are PWM-controlled according to the extraction data of the extracted maximum power operating point so that the maximum power operating point is followed accurately. That is, the maximum generation power of the renewable energy generation device 30 can be transmitted.

The ESS control unit 520 may include a second control unit 521, first to fourth switches 522 to 525, and the like.

The second control unit 521 checks whether there is a surplus power generation or a power shortage occurrence based on the direction of current flow measured and provided by the power metering units 21 to 24, Control the charge and discharge of energy.

If the current flows from the power load 60 side to the commercial system 60, the second control unit 521 determines that surplus electric power is generated and transmits the ESS 40 to the grid interconnected inverter apparatus 50 (that is, (510)) to allow the ESS (40) to store the surplus power generated by the renewable energy generation device (30).

The ESS 40 monitors the charging power of the ESS 40. When the charging power of the ESS 40 exceeds the preset upper limit value, the ESS 40 determines that the surplus power can not be charged any more, By connecting the output stage and the commercial system 10, surplus power is provided to the commercial system 10. [

On the other hand, if a current flows from the commercial system 60 to the power load 60, it is determined that a power shortage has occurred and the ESS 40 is connected to the output terminal of the inverting unit 510, (60).

At this time, the charging power of the ESS 40 is monitored, and when it is determined that the charging power of the ESS 40 is below the predetermined lower limit value, the charging power of the ESS 40 can not cover the power shortage, To the power load (60), the power supply to the power load (60) can be stably maintained.

The first switch 522 is located between the output terminal of the inverting unit 510 and the ESS 40 and is turned on and off under the control of the second control unit 521 to generate surplus electric power, (That is, surplus power that is consumed and consumed by the power load 60) of the output power of the inverting unit 510 is charged in the ESS 40 only when the output power is lower than the upper limit.

The second switch 523 is located between the power load 60 and the ESS 40 and is turned on and off under the control of the second control unit 521 so that a power shortage occurs and the charging power of the ESS 40 is not less than the lower limit So that the ESS 40 can supply the power shortage of the power load 60 only.

The third switch 524 is positioned between the output terminal of the inverting unit 510 and the commercial system 10 and is turned on and off under the control of the second control unit 521 to generate surplus electric power and to charge the ESS 40 Only the part of the output power of the inverting unit 510 (that is, surplus power consumed by the power load 60) is charged into the commercial system 10 only when the power is equal to or higher than the upper limit value. That is, only the electric power remaining in the ESS 40 is charged in the commercial system 10.

The fourth switch 525 is located between the power load 60 and the commercial system 10 and is turned on and off under the control of the second control unit 521 so that a power shortage occurs and the charging power of the ESS 40 reaches the lower limit The commercial system 10 can supply the electric power shortage of the electric power load 60 only. That is, power of the commercial system 10 is supplied to the power load 60 only after all of the electric power charged in the ESS 40 is consumed.

Hereinafter, a method of controlling the energy storage device of the grid interconnect type inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6. FIG.

If the generated power generated through the renewable energy generation device 30 is larger than the power consumption of the power load 60, current flows from the grid interconnected inverter device 50 to the commercial system 60 .

3, the second control unit 520 immediately senses this through the power metering units 21 to 24 and turns on the first switch 522 in response to this to turn on the inverting unit 510 So that the power load 60 and the ESS 40 are commonly connected to each other.

The generated power, that is, the surplus power, of the renewable energy generation device 30 provided and left in the power load 60 is supplied to and charged in the ESS 40 instead of the commercial system 10. [

If this state is continuously maintained and thus the surplus power supply amount exceeds the charging capacity of the ESS 40 and the charging power of the ESS 40 becomes the predetermined upper limit value or more, The third switch 524 is turned on instead of the first switch 522 to supply surplus power to the commercial system 10 as shown in FIG.

On the other hand, if the amount of power consumption of the power load 60 exceeds the generated power generated through the renewable energy generation device 30, current flows from the commercial system 60 to the grid-connected inverter device 50 do.

5, the second control unit 520 turns on the second switch 523 to turn on the commercial system 10 to turn on the power load 60 To supply power shortages.

The second control unit 520 continuously monitors the charging power of the ESS 40 and when the charging power of the ESS 40 falls below a preset lower limit value, And the fourth switch 525 is turned on instead of the second switch 523 as shown in FIG. 6, so that surplus power is supplied to the commercial system 10.

On the other hand, in order to provide power directly to the power load 60 in the ESS 40, the ESS 40 must supply the power charged in the ESS 40, in addition to the energy storage circuit, It is necessary to additionally provide a voltage regulating circuit for varying the power supply. Therefore, the construction of the ESS 40 becomes complicated, and thus the manufacturing time and cost of the ESS 40 increase.

Therefore, in the present invention, by changing the arrangement position of the second switch 523 as shown in FIG. 7, the ESS 40 can be provided with only the simple energy storage circuit, and it is not necessary to provide the output voltage adjustment circuit.

In other words, the grid-connected inverter 50 according to another embodiment of the present invention places the second switch 523 'between the output terminal of the ESS 40 and the input terminal of the grid-connected inverter 50, Connected inverter 50 converts the output voltage of the ESS 40 to step-up AC power so that the power load 30 is supplied to the grid- And to generate and output usable power.

Also, in the present invention, considering the fact that the maximum number of times of use of the supercapacitor constituting the ESS is a finite resource, the use time of the supercapacitor is minimized, thereby maximizing the use period of the ESS.

To this end, as shown in FIG. 8, the ESS 40 is divided into capacitor arrays C11 to C1n, C21 to C2n, ..., and n (n is a natural number of two or more) supercapacitors connected in series. (Cm1 to Cmn)) are connected in parallel to each other, a plurality of first switches (S11 to S1m) inserted between one end of the capacitor array of the preceding stage and one end of the capacitor array of the succeeding stage, A plurality of second switches S21 to S2m inserted between the other ends of the capacitor arrays at the rear stage, a plurality of third switches S31 to S3m inserted between the other ends of the capacitor arrays at the one end and the rear end of the capacitor array at the front stage, And a plurality of fourth switches S41 to S4m inserted between the first output terminal of the converter 110 and the respective capacitor arrays.

The first to fourth switches S11 to S1m, S21 to S2m, S31 to S3m, and S41 to S4m are turned on and off through the second control unit 521 to turn on and off the supercapacitor C11 To Cmn), thereby making it possible to arbitrarily adjust the number of supercapacitors used for power charging / discharging.

That is, in the present invention, only the supercapacitor is used for the required capacity based on the power generated by the renewable energy generator through the second controller 521, and the remaining supercapacitors are used for the next time, And to maximize the use of ESS.

The foregoing description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention but to limit the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope of equivalents should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

An inverting unit for converting the generated power of the new and renewable generation device into commercial power and outputting it to at least one of a power load, an energy storage device, and a commercial system; And
Measuring the current flow between the commercial system and the power load and analyzing the current flow to determine whether the surplus power generation state or the power shortage state is present; charging the energy storage device through the output power of the inverting unit if the surplus power generation occurs; And an energy storage device control unit for supplying the power stored in the energy storage device to the power load when the power storage device is in the power saving mode. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the energy storage device
A first switch located between the output terminal of the inverting section and the energy storage device;
A second switch located between the power load and the energy storage device;
A third switch located between the output terminal of the inverting section and the commercial system;
A fourth switch positioned between the power load and the commercial system;
When the current flows from the power load side to the commercial system and the charging power of the energy storage device is lower than a predetermined upper limit value, the first switch is turned on to charge the energy storage device through the output power of the inverting portion, When the current flows from the power load side to the commercial system and the charging power of the energy storage device is higher than a predetermined upper limit value, the third switch is turned on instead of the first switch to transmit the output power of the inverting portion to the commercial power When the current flows from the commercial system side to the power load side and the charging power of the energy storage device is higher than a predetermined lower limit value, the second switch is turned on so that the charging power of the energy storage device is supplied to the power load On the commercial system side, And a controller for turning on the fourth switch to supply the commercial power to the power load instead of the second switch when a current flows to the power load and the charging power of the energy storage device is lower than a predetermined lower limit value Wherein the energy storage device has a function of controlling the energy storage device. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the energy storage device
A first switch located between the output terminal of the inverting section and the energy storage device;
A second switch located between the energy storage device and the input of the inverting portion;
A third switch located between the output terminal of the inverting section and the commercial system;
A fourth switch positioned between the power load and the commercial system;
When the current flows from the power load side to the commercial system and the charging power of the energy storage device is lower than a predetermined upper limit value, the first switch is turned on to charge the energy storage device through the output power of the inverting portion, When the current flows from the power load side to the commercial system and the charging power of the energy storage device is higher than a predetermined upper limit value, the third switch is turned on instead of the first switch to transmit the output power of the inverting portion to the commercial power When the current flows from the commercial system side to the power load side and the charging power of the energy storage device is higher than a predetermined lower limit value, the second switch is turned on so that the charging power of the energy storage device is supplied to the inverting unit , And in the commercial system side, And a control unit for turning on the fourth switch to supply the commercial power to the power load instead of the second switch when a current flows to the load and the charging power of the energy storage device is lower than a predetermined lower limit value And a control unit for controlling the energy storage device.
KR1020150081077A 2015-06-09 2015-06-09 Grid connected inverter having control function of Energy Storage System KR20160144658A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11366172B2 (en) 2018-07-24 2022-06-21 Korea Electric Power Corporation Apparatus and method for diagnosing battery

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
http://www.energydaily.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=49254

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11366172B2 (en) 2018-07-24 2022-06-21 Korea Electric Power Corporation Apparatus and method for diagnosing battery

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