KR20160134276A - Battery management system and driving method thereof - Google Patents

Battery management system and driving method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20160134276A
KR20160134276A KR1020150068076A KR20150068076A KR20160134276A KR 20160134276 A KR20160134276 A KR 20160134276A KR 1020150068076 A KR1020150068076 A KR 1020150068076A KR 20150068076 A KR20150068076 A KR 20150068076A KR 20160134276 A KR20160134276 A KR 20160134276A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
battery
current
management system
drop
state
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Application number
KR1020150068076A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
최성수
Original Assignee
삼성에스디아이 주식회사
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Publication date
Application filed by 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 filed Critical 삼성에스디아이 주식회사
Priority to KR1020150068076A priority Critical patent/KR20160134276A/en
Publication of KR20160134276A publication Critical patent/KR20160134276A/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • G01R31/362—
    • H02J7/045—

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a battery management system and a driving method thereof, and more particularly, to a battery management system and a driving method thereof that directly predict a battery current without a separate current measuring device.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of driving a battery management system, comprising: storing mapping information for at least one of an open circuit voltage, a temperature, an IR drop and a battery current of a battery; Determining a state of charge of the battery using the mapping information based on the IR Drop, and controlling charge / discharge of the battery according to the determination result .

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery management system and a driving method thereof,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a battery management system and a driving method thereof, and more particularly, to a battery management system and a driving method thereof that directly predict a battery current without a separate current measuring device.

A general battery management system (BMS) requires a current measuring apparatus 101 as shown in Fig. The current measuring apparatus is utilized for prediction of the state of charge (SOC) (charge rate) and overcurrent protection, and a shunt resistor (classifier) or hall sensor shown in FIG. 1 is used as the current measuring apparatus do.

As described above, conventionally, a battery management system, such as a Coulomb Counting Method, an Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR), and an impedance, A separate current measuring device was needed in this operating system.

When a current measurement unit such as a shunt resistor or a Hall sensor is mounted on a system for predicting the state of charge as in the prior art, there is a problem that the cost for the entire product increases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems and it is an object of the present invention to directly measure the battery current by using an algorithm for inversely calculating the current based on the fluctuation of the battery voltage without requiring a separate shunt resistor or Hall sensor for current measurement And a method of driving the battery management system.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of driving a battery management system including storing mapping information on at least one of an open circuit voltage, a temperature, an IR drop and a battery current of a battery, When the drop is detected, determining a state of charge of the battery using the mapping information based on the IR Drop, and controlling charge / discharge of the battery according to the determination result.

Also, the battery management system according to the present invention includes a storage unit for storing mapping information for at least one of an open circuit voltage, a temperature, an IR drop and a battery current of a battery, and a storage unit for storing IR information, And a control unit for determining charge state of the battery using the mapping information based on the drop information and for controlling charge and discharge of the battery according to the determination result.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The battery management system and its driving method according to the present invention have the effect of reducing the cost and facilitating the assembly of the product by removing the current measuring device which is basically required by the battery management system.

1 is a view illustrating a battery management system and a peripheral device of a battery management system according to the related art.
2 is a block diagram of a battery management system and a peripheral device of a battery management system according to the present invention.
3 is a diagram illustrating a state transition diagram in a method of driving a battery management system according to the present invention.
4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of driving a battery management system according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although specific embodiments of the invention have been illustrated in the drawings and detailed description of the invention are set forth in the drawings, various modifications of the invention are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention. Accordingly, the specification should not be construed as limited to any particular embodiment, and is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Quot ;, " include, "" include," as used herein. And the like are intended to indicate the presence of disclosed features, operations, components, etc., and are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Also, in this specification, "include." Or "having" are intended to designate the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Elements, parts, or combinations thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as being "connected" to another part, it includes not only "directly connected" but also "electrically connected" with another part in between . Also, when a part is referred to as "including " an element, it does not exclude other elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

Furthermore, the singular forms "a", "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 is a block diagram of a battery management system and a peripheral device of a battery management system according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, the battery management system 110 according to the present invention is connected to a battery 120, and is operated in cooperation with a switch 130 and a cooling unit 140.

The battery management system 110 according to the present invention may include a sensor unit 111, an MCU (Micro Control Unit) 112, and a storage unit 113.

The sensor unit 111 measures the voltage of the plurality of batteries constituting the battery 120 (hereinafter referred to as battery voltage) and transmits the voltage to the MCU 112. The sensor unit 111 measures the temperature of the battery 120 (or cell) and transmits the measured temperature to the MCU 112.

The MCU 112 estimates the state of charge of the battery 120 based on at least one of the battery voltage and the temperature transmitted from the sensor unit 111 and controls the battery according to the estimated state of the battery 120. The MCU 112 generates a control signal (or an information signal) for controlling the battery and transmits the control signal (or information signal) to the outside so as to control the charging and discharging of the battery 120.

In various embodiments of the present invention, the MCU 112 determines whether or not an IR Drop has occurred based on the current battery voltage received from the sensor unit 111. If an IR Drop is detected, the MCU 112 determines an IR Drop value, (OCV), temperature, and battery current mapping information (correlation information). Here, the IR Drop value may mean the difference between the open circuit voltage and the current battery voltage.

The MCU 112 determines the state of charge of the battery 120 based on the current battery voltage and the predicted battery current, and controls the charge and discharge of the battery in accordance with the estimated state of the battery 120. The MCU 112 generates a control signal for battery control and transfers the generated control signal to the outside so as to control the charging and discharging of the battery 120. [

More detailed operation of the MCU 112 will be described in more detail below.

In various embodiments, the MCU 112 may be referred to as a controller or the like.

The storage unit 113 stores data related to the charged state of the battery 120 and the like. In various embodiments of the present invention, the storage unit 113 may store mapping information between the open circuit voltage of the battery 120, the temperature, the IR Drop value, and the battery current. The MCU 112 can predict the battery current and the charging state of the battery 120 based on the mapping information stored in the storage unit 113. [

The storage unit 113 is a nonvolatile storage device that can electrically write and erase data, and may be, for example, an EEPROM.

In addition to the components described above, the battery management system 110 may further include a communication unit, an internal power supply unit, an external interface, and the like as needed.

The battery 120 has a structure in which a plurality of battery cells 120-1 to 120-6 are connected in series with each other. In various embodiments, the plurality of battery cells 120-1 through 120-6 may be grouped on a sub-pack basis, and a switch may be provided between any sub-packs to manually turn the battery on and off . A bus bar 120_BB may be provided between the plurality of battery cells 120-1 to 120-6.

The switch 130 turns on / off the battery 120 based on a control signal of the battery management system 110 when an abnormal phenomenon such as overvoltage, overcurrent, or high temperature occurs.

The cooling fan 140 cools the heat that may be generated by charging and discharging the battery 120 according to the control signal of the battery management system 110 so that deterioration of the battery 120 due to temperature rise and deterioration of charge / prevent.

Hereinafter, a method of driving the battery management system 110 according to the present invention will be described in more detail.

As the state of charge of the battery 120 changes, the battery 120 may enter an overdischarge state or an overcharge state beyond a predetermined range. When the battery is overdischarged, the battery management system must control the battery to charge, and when the battery is overcharged, the battery management system must control to discharge the battery. To this end, the battery management system periodically measures the battery voltage and the battery current, and based on this, it is necessary to determine the state of charge of the battery to control the charging / discharging of the battery.

The conventional battery management system includes a separate device for measuring the battery voltage and the battery current to determine the state of charge of the battery. However, in the present invention, only the battery voltage is measured and the battery current is estimated from the battery voltage variation, Do not need a device.

When the battery is discharged or charged, the battery voltage decreases or increases, so that the measured voltage fluctuates. In the system in which the battery operates, since the battery current according to the battery voltage fluctuation is constant, if the mapping information of the battery current corresponding to the battery voltage is stored in advance, only the battery voltage fluctuation is measured without separately measuring the battery current, The battery current can be predicted using the mapping information.

Therefore, the battery management system 110 according to the present invention can store the mapping information between the open circuit voltage of the battery 120, the temperature, the IR Drop value, and the battery current in advance.

The open circuit voltage of the battery 120 means a potential difference across the battery 120 in a no-load state. In various embodiments, a plurality of open circuit voltages constituting the mapping information may be set at regular intervals and may be set within a range of values that the battery 120 used in the system may actually have.

In various embodiments, the plurality of IR Drop values constituting the mapping information may be set at regular intervals. In addition, the IR Drop value constituting the mapping information can be set within a range corresponding to a charging state having a meaning effective in controlling the battery 120, which can be determined experimentally. That is, when the IR Drop value constituting the mapping information is a battery charging state (for example, an overdischarge state or an overcharge state) that has a valid influence on the control of the battery 120, Can be determined through experiments. The above experiment can be performed for various temperatures and battery currents and can be determined by measuring the IR Drop value at various possible battery charging states to improve accuracy.

The battery current constituting the mapping information can be calculated by interpolation from three factors, the open circuit voltage, the IR Drop value, and the temperature.

In various embodiments, the mapping information can be iteratively corrected in view of the IR Drop due to degradation. That is, since the IR drop of the battery may be caused not only by fluctuations in the state of charge of the battery but also by deterioration, the IR drop may be corrected in the direction of improving the accuracy in consideration of these factors.

The mapping information may be configured in the form of a table as shown in Table 1 below, but not limited thereto, and may have various types of data structures such as a tree structure and a string structure. Table 1 shows the mapping information between the open circuit voltage at room temperature, IR Drop, and battery current.

10mV 20mV 30mV 40mV 50mV 60mV 3.8V 10A ... ... ... ... 100A 3.7V 10A ... ... ... ... 100A 3.6V 10A ... ... ... ... 100A 3.5V 4A ... ... ... ... 40A 3.4V 2A ... ... ... ... 20A

According to Table 1, the battery management system 110 according to the present invention calculates the battery current using the interpolation method from the three-dimensional array composed of the open circuit voltage, the IR drop and the battery current, .

3 is a diagram illustrating a state transition diagram in a method of driving a battery management system according to the present invention.

In various embodiments of the present invention, the battery management system determines the battery current using mapping information previously stored on the basis of the IR drop of the battery, determines the charge state of the battery based on the battery current, do.

Referring to FIG. 3, in the standby state 301, the battery current is 0A. The battery management system periodically monitors IR Drop. When an IR Drop occurs, i. E. When the voltage fluctuates, the battery management system calculates an IR change (302). Based on the IR change, the battery management system uses the mapping information to predict the battery current and determine the battery charging state accordingly.

Based on the battery charge state, if it is determined that battery charging is necessary, the battery management system controls the battery voltage to be raised to charge the battery. When the battery enters the charging state 303, the battery voltage gradually rises.

When an IR Drop occurs due to the battery charge, the battery management system calculates the IR change according to the battery voltage rising (302). Based on the IR change, the battery management system uses the mapping information to predict the battery current and determine the battery charging state accordingly.

Based on the battery charge state, if it is determined that battery discharge is necessary, the battery management system controls the battery voltage to be lowered to discharge the battery. When the battery enters discharge state 304, the battery voltage gradually falls.

Hereinafter, a method of driving the battery management system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of driving a battery management system according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, the battery management system according to the present invention stores mapping information of an open circuit voltage, a temperature, an IR drop, and a battery current of a battery (401). The content of the mapping information is as described above.

When the battery is activated (402), the battery management system monitors the IR Drop of the battery (403). The battery management system periodically measures the battery voltage through the sensor unit. The battery management system can detect whether the current voltage has changed from the open circuit voltage of the battery according to the periodically measured voltage, that is, whether IR drop has occurred.

If an IR Drop is detected (404), the battery management system determines the current battery current based on the IR Drop (405). The battery management system determines the battery current using the stored mapping information based on the IR Drop. The battery management system can consider at least one of the open circuit voltage and the temperature of the battery to determine the current battery current.

The battery management system controls the battery charge / discharge based on at least one of the determined current voltage and the current battery current. The battery management system determines the state of charge (SOC) of the battery based on the determined current voltage, current battery current, etc. (406) and controls charging and discharging of the battery according to the charged state (407). Specifically, the battery management system controls the battery to be charged when the determined charge state is smaller than a preset threshold value (that is, when the battery charge amount is low). If the charge state is greater than a predetermined threshold value The battery is discharged.

The battery management system repeats the above operation until battery driving is terminated (step 408), so that the state of charge of the battery is maintained within a predetermined range, so that the life span can be maintained for a long time.

According to the embodiment of the present invention described above, the battery management system monitors the battery voltage based on the monitored battery voltage without using a separate current measuring device, You can judge yourself.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present invention are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention, all changes or modifications derived from the technical idea of the present invention.

110: Battery management system 111: Sensor unit
112: MCU 113:
120: battery 130: switch
140: cooling fan

Claims (12)

A method of operating a battery management system,
Storing mapping information for at least one of open circuit voltage, temperature, IR Drop and battery current of the battery;
Determining a state of charge of the battery using the mapping information based on the IR drop when an IR drop is detected during driving of the battery; And
And controlling charging and discharging of the battery according to the determination result. 2. The method according to claim 1,
And a mapping relationship between at least one of an open circuit voltage, a temperature, and an IR drop value of the battery and a corresponding battery current. The method of claim 1,
And the IR drop value according to the battery charging state is measured. 2. The method according to claim 1,
A table, a tree structure, and a string structure. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining of the state of charge of the battery comprises:
Determining an IR Drop value based on a current battery voltage;
Estimating a battery current corresponding to the IR Drop value using the mapping information; And
And determining a state of charge of the battery based on the current battery voltage and the predicted battery current. 2. The method of claim 1,
Generating a control signal for controlling charging or discharging of the battery according to the charged state of the battery; And
And transmitting the control signal to the outside. A storage unit for storing mapping information for at least one of an open circuit voltage, a temperature, an IR drop, and a battery current of the battery; And
And a control unit for determining the state of charge of the battery using the mapping information based on the IR Drop when the IR drop is detected during driving of the battery and for controlling charge and discharge of the battery according to the determination result Features a battery management system. 8. The method of claim 7,
And a mapping relationship between at least one of an open circuit voltage, a temperature, and an IR drop value of the battery and a corresponding battery current. 8. The method of claim 7,
And the IR drop value according to the battery charging state is measured. 8. The method of claim 7,
A table structure, a tree structure, and a string structure. 8. The apparatus of claim 7,
Determining an IR Drop value based on a current battery voltage, predicting a battery current corresponding to the IR Drop value using the mapping information, calculating a charging state of the battery based on the current battery voltage and the predicted battery current, The battery management system comprising: 8. The apparatus of claim 7,
Generating a control signal for controlling charging or discharging of the battery according to the charged state of the battery, and transmitting the control signal to the outside.
KR1020150068076A 2015-05-15 2015-05-15 Battery management system and driving method thereof KR20160134276A (en)

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