KR20160131351A - A composition containing hippocampus abdominalis extract for improving ability of memory - Google Patents
A composition containing hippocampus abdominalis extract for improving ability of memory Download PDFInfo
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- KR20160131351A KR20160131351A KR1020150063555A KR20150063555A KR20160131351A KR 20160131351 A KR20160131351 A KR 20160131351A KR 1020150063555 A KR1020150063555 A KR 1020150063555A KR 20150063555 A KR20150063555 A KR 20150063555A KR 20160131351 A KR20160131351 A KR 20160131351A
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- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K35/60—Fish, e.g. seahorses; Fish eggs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23V2200/00—Function of food ingredients
- A23V2200/30—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health
- A23V2200/322—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health having an effect on the health of the nervous system or on mental function
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a composition for improving memory power comprising an extract of hippocampus as an active ingredient, and more particularly, to a composition for improving memory capacity that can inhibit activity that is a cause of memory loss and protect nerve cells, The present invention also relates to a composition for improving memory performance comprising a hippocampus extract which is harmless to the human body and has no significant side effects when used for a long period of time as an active ingredient.
Description
The present invention relates to a health functional food composition for the prevention and treatment of learning disorder, memory disorder or dementia, or for learning or memory enhancement, and more particularly to a health functional food composition for prevention or treatment of learning disorder, memory disorder or dementia And to a health functional food composition containing a sea horse extract.
Modern society is a complex and specialized trend, which requires a lot of information and amount of learning, so effective brain activities are needed. In addition, many people suffer from the decline of memory due to aging and disease, and as the life span of human beings increases, mental activity is highly required.
In order to cope with such a situation, various attempts have been made to cleanse the brain and require mental activity by improving the memory, and development of medicines and functional foods that can effectively enhance such functions is required.
As the social environment is rapidly changing and diversified, modern people need to take a lot of information and adapt quickly to the brain activities. Especially, the examinees are engaged in long learning and memory activities due to intense competition for entrance examination. After middle age, symptoms such as memory decline, forgetfulness, and anxiety due to decline of central nervous system appear. In addition, in the elderly, memory loss due to degenerative diseases such as dementia is reduced, and when the degree of memory deteriorates, social life itself becomes impossible, and a considerable social cost is required considering the influence on the family or people around .
In general, memory is reported to be performed in three stages. First, an input step of inputting new information or knowledge into the brain by memorizing new information, a second storing step of storing information or knowledge input to the brain into the brain, and a third step of recalling the stored information or knowledge, If any one of the above three steps occurs, a phenomenon in which information or knowledge can not be accurately memorized, that is, memory deterioration occurs.
In general, memory impairment, or memory impairment, is a reduction in the amount of acetylcholine due to the action of acetylcholinesterase in neurons of brain tissue (Davies, et al ., Lancet 2: 1457, 1976); . Francis, et al, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 54: 137, 1999), ( the neurotoxicity induced by βA), etc. (Oide, et al, Neuropathology appl neurobiology 32 (5.) Β-amyloid: 539, 2006). Oxidative damage (McGrath, Medicin, 94: 485, 2001) has been reported to cause memory loss due to necrosis of brain cells.
Improvement of memory or prevention of memory deterioration is related to brain tissue, such as surgical treatment, medication, or taking a functional substance. Surgical treatment is not easy. Therefore, it is recommended to continue to take drugs or functional substances that are effective for memory improvement and memory deterioration rather than treatment after the onset of illness such as dementia. .
Drug therapy for brain health,
Recently, acetylcholine esterase activity inhibitor, which is an enzyme that degrades acetylcholine, has been commercialized as a therapeutic agent for memory decline. However, it is problematic in terms of hepatotoxicity and side effects of digestive system. Although fluoxetine, a selective serotonin blocker developed in the United States, is widely used, there is a problem that side effects of synthetic drugs and mutual interference among other drugs are serious.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an acetylcholinesterase activity inhibitor having a low side effect.
As a pamphlet that shows the protective effect of nerve cells using natural products
Korean Patent Application No. 10-2000-0065744 discloses a pharmaceutical composition for protecting a nerve cell containing, as an active ingredient, an extract having an effect of protecting a nerve cell obtained by extracting a palm cactus with ethyl acetate,
Korean Patent Application No. 10-2004-0057263 discloses a method for purifying a ginkgo leaf extract having a neuroprotective effect and a composition containing the same.
Fermented red ginseng is also an effective means of preventing neurotoxicity related diseases such as Parkinson's disease
(1), (2), and (3)
Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1420135 discloses a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating learning disorder, memory disorder or dementia, or for learning or memory enhancement, which comprises as an active ingredient a dicotyledonous extract or a fraction layer thereof,
Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1043212 discloses a health functional food for improving brain function mixed with herbal medicines of a variety of red ginseng. However, most of them have not revealed definite memory improvement and enhancement mechanism, The evaluation is not done.
Accordingly, various studies on substances derived from natural plants that are effective for improving memory or preventing memory deterioration are under way.
The present invention relates to a method for inhibiting the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and inhibiting the activity of nerve cells and an in vivo test using an experimental animal induced by scopolamine through an in vitro test. It is an object of the present invention to provide a functional food composition for improving memory performance comprising an extract of a natural plant harmless to the human body as well as an improvement in memory capacity and prevention of memory deterioration.
In order to attain the above object, the present invention provides a functional food composition for improving memory performance comprising hippocampus extract as an active ingredient.
The hippopotamus extract can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and can protect neurons. The hippocampus extract can be used as an anticholinergic scopolamine, , And it is confirmed that memory decline can be suppressed. Thus, it is expected that the hippocampus extract may be used in applications related to prevention or amelioration of diseases associated with memory improvement, prevention of memory decline or deterioration, and memory decline or deterioration such as dementia or Alzheimer's disease.
In addition, the hippopotamus extract has been used for medicinal purposes for a long time in the private sector, and recently it contains an extract of a natural marine animal known to be usable as a food ingredient. Therefore, even if it is taken for a long time, there is no risk of side effects or toxicity In view of the above, the present invention provides a functional food composition for improving memory performance, which comprises a hippocampus extract as an active ingredient.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
The inventors of the present invention have been studying a functional food for the purpose of improving memory performance or preventing decline or deterioration of memory in a natural plant-derived substance secured to the human body, and have found that the hippocampus extract is in vitro tested, As a result of the in vivo test, the activity of acetylcholinesterase, which is a cause of memory loss, can be inhibited. As a result of confirming through the IPC12 cell, a human neuron, It was confirmed that administration of Jane's scopolamine inhibited memory decline by using an experimental animal in which memory decline was induced, and the present invention was completed based on this finding.
The present invention provides a composition for preventing or reducing memory impairment, comprising a hippocampus shunt as an active ingredient.
In addition, the present invention provides a functional food composition for improving memory performance comprising a hippocampus extract as an active ingredient.
The hippocampus is a collective term for fish in the hippocampus belonging to the pineal gland. Hippocampus originated in Hippo, which means horse in ancient Greek, and Kampos, which means sea monster.
People in Asia, including China, have already used hippocampus for about 500 years, and their tinnitus is the water horse and the dragon octopus. There are 5 species of hippocampus kelloggi in the hippocampus. Only H. abdominalis can be used as a food material. The shape of the hippocampus described in the food cycle is flattened and bent, 10-30 cm long, yellowish white, with a head similar to the head of a horse, with a protuberance of a chicken stalk, with a long cornice in front, a small mouth, Both eyes are deep inside. The body part is a seven-ridge type, and the tail part is tapered to the shape of an intelligence type.
Regarding the efficacy of hippocampus,
According to Dong-Bo-gyung, hippocampus has been reported to have the effects of tonic, nourishment, bosin, hysteria, and analgesia, and other articles have been effective in the treatment of infertility, amenorrhea, asthma and arthritis (Yu et al ., Zhongguo Haiyang Yaowu 2:30, 1995), inflammation therapy (Ryu, et al. , Chemico-Biological Interactions. 184: 413. Aging (Kumaravel, et al, Nat Prod Res 26 (24):... 2330 2012) and antioxidant effects: It is known that the (Zhong, et al, Biotech and Engineering 13... 705, 2008).
The main amino acids contained in the hippocampus are arginine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, glycine, etc. (Lin et al ., J. of the World Aquaculture Society, 39 (2): 225, 2008).
The extract of the present invention can be prepared by extracting with an extraction solvent or extracting with an extraction solvent and fractionating the extract with a fraction solvent. The extraction solvent may be at least one selected from the group consisting of water and an organic solvent, and preferably water. The organic solvent may be a polar solvent such as methanol, ethanol or the like, an alcohol having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, ethyl acetate or acetone, a nonpolar solvent of hexane or dichloromethane, or a mixture thereof, preferably 30 to 80% , And more preferably a 40 to 70% aqueous solution of ethanol.
The fraction solvent may be water, butanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, hexane or a mixture thereof.
The hippocampus extract of the present invention may be one prepared by a conventional method for producing a natural extract. More specifically, the method may be carried out by adding an extraction solvent to the hippocampus, preferably the dried hippocampus, from which the impurities have been removed, and performing the extraction process. The extraction process may be a cold extraction method, a warm extraction method, a pressure extraction method, or an ultrasonic pulverization extraction method. In addition, the extract prepared by the above-mentioned extraction method, that is, the extract obtained by adding fraction solvent to the crude extract, for example, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water, and then fractionating the hexane fraction, chloroform fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, Fractions and water fractions can be carried out. In addition, the extract may be subjected to extraction or fractionation, followed by a filtration under reduced pressure or further concentrated or lyophilized to concentrate or remove the solvent. The obtained sea tangle extract can be stored in a deep freezer until use.
The hippocampus extract of the present invention can inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity in vitro and can protect neurons. The horseradish extract of the present invention was confirmed by using an animal having reduced memory capacity induced by administration of scopolamine, It was confirmed that the decline in memory could be suppressed.
The present invention relates to a functional food composition containing hippopotamus extract as an active ingredient for the purpose of improving memory or preventing memory deterioration.
The functional food composition for improving memory or lowering of memory power of the present invention may contain the hippopotamus extract in an amount of 0.001 to 99.99% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 99.9% by weight, based on the total weight of the food composition.
As used herein, the term " food " means a natural product or a processed product containing one or more nutrients. Preferably, it means that the food can be directly eaten through a certain degree of processing. Health functional foods, beverages, food additives, and beverage additives.
The food of the present invention includes, for example, various foods, beverages, gums, tea, a vitamin complex, a health functional food, and the like.
In the present invention, the health functional food refers to a food group imparted with added value to function or express the function of the food by physical, biochemical, biotechnological techniques, etc., or to control the biological defense rhythm of the food composition, Means a food which is processed and designed so that the human body control function related to restoration and the like, specifically the memory improvement effect, is sufficiently expressed in the living body.
The compositions and foods containing the hippopotamus extract of the present invention as an active ingredient can inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity in an in vitro test, protect nerve cells, and induce a memory effect induced by administration of the anticholinergic scopolamine As a result of confirming using the reduced experimental animal, not only the memory decline can be remarkably suppressed, but the food is long-term since it is manufactured from horses used for edible or medicinal purposes for a long time, The required safety can also be satisfied.
As described above, the hippocampus extract of the present invention can inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity, protect neurons, and inhibit neuronal damage, as confirmed by in vitro experiments, As described above, since the anticolinergic scopolamine-treated animal can inhibit the decline of the memory, it can be widely used as a food composition, in particular, as a health functional food, since it has no adverse effect on the human body, have.
1 shows the survival rate of PC12 cells as a neuronal cell line according to addition of cobalt chloride (CoCl2) and hippocampus extract according to an embodiment of the present invention
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Experimental Examples. It should be understood, however, that the following examples are illustrative and explanatory and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1: Preparation of sea horse extract
500 g of dried hippocampus and 20 liters of distilled water were added to the extractor and the mixture was extracted at a temperature of 85 to 95 ° C for 4 hours. After the extraction was completed, the hippocampus and its suspension were removed through a filtration apparatus and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 326 g of a hippocampus extract.
Experimental Example 1. Cell Experiment
1-1. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity
The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effect of the sea tangle extract prepared in Example 1 was measured by applying Ellman's method (Ellman GL et al., Biochem Pharmacol 7: 95, 1961)
In the experiment, 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.2) containing 1 M Nacl, 50 mM MgCl 2 and Triton x-100 was added to the PC12 cell line, homogenized, centrifuged, and acetylcholinesterase was extracted from the cell line and used as an enzyme. Substrates were prepared by adding 0.5 mM acetylthiocholine and 1 mM 5,5-dithio-bis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) to each of the tacrine samples currently used as the AChE inhibitor Enzyme reaction proceeded. The hippopotamus extract of Example 1 was centrifuged at 10000 x g for 30 minutes, and the supernatant was lyophilized. The inhibitory activity was tested using the concentration of 1 mg / ml of the extract. The substrate solution was added and incubated for 30 minutes. The absorbance at 450 nm was measured, and the degree of inhibition of activity was determined from the following equation.
Enzyme activity inhibition (%) = 1- [SR-SC / (ER-EC)] X 100
SC is the absorbance value of the hippocampus extract as a reaction control instead of the enzyme as a reaction control, ER is the absorbance value of the enzymatic reaction measured by adding the hippocampus extract, EC is an absorbance value using a buffer instead of an enzyme as a control for the enzyme reaction.
The experimental results are expressed as the ratio of the control group to 100. The results are shown in Table 1.
As shown in Table 1, the inhibitory activity of the hippocampal extract of the present invention was obtained.
In this experiment, the inhibitory activity of acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of horseradish extract was 52% as compared with the control. Unlike conventional acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as tacrine, which is mainly used as an anticholinergic agent, it is an excellent hippocampus extract that can be safely used as a food without side effects or toxicity in the body or animal.
1-2. Neuronal protection of hippopotamus extract
The protective effect of the hippocampus extract prepared in Example 1 on neurons was measured using PC12 cells derived from adrenocortical cells.
More specifically, the PC12 cells were cultured using a cell culture medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 5% horse serum, 100 units / mL penicillin and 100 g / mL streptomycin in DMEM / F12 medium, Was performed using a CO 2 incubator (5% CO 2/95% air). When the cells were covered with about 80% of the culture dish, the cell monolayer was washed with PBS (pH 7.4), followed by subculture with 0.25% trypsin-2.65 mM EDTA.
The cultured PC12 cells were diluted with the culture medium and dispensed into a 24-well plate. After 48 hours of incubation, the medium was replaced with serum-deprivation medium (SDM) containing 1% FBS. After 24 hours of serum-deprivation, some cells were replaced with SDM containing 50 / ml hippocampal extract prepared in Example 1, which was dissolved in DMSO, and some cells were replaced with SDM. After 30 minutes, 150 cobalt chloride (CoCl2) was added to induce apoptosis of PC12 cells, a neuronal cell. After 24 hours of addition of the cobalt chloride, the number of living cells was measured by MTT assay (Denizot F and Lang R, J Immunol Methods 89: 271, 1986). The experimental results are expressed as the ratio of the control group to 100. The results are shown in Table 2.
As shown in Table 2 and FIG. 1, it was confirmed that the addition of the hippocampus extract inhibited neuronal cell death, and it was confirmed that the hippocampus extract was capable of nerve cell protection. More specifically, when the number of cells of the control group treated with cobalt chloride was 100%, the results of each experiment showed that the cell survival rate of the comparative example treated with cobalt chloride was about 21% as compared with the control group, That is, it was confirmed to have cytotoxicity against PC12. However, the cell viability was found to be 61% in the hippocampus treated group 30 minutes before the treatment with cobalt chloride, and it was confirmed that the cobalt chloride induced neuronal cell death could be suppressed. From the above fact, it was confirmed that the hippocampus extract has remarkably excellent neuronal cell protection ability.
Experimental Example 2. Animal Experiment
Passive avoidance experiment and underwater maze test were performed using 4 - week - old male mice (ICR, Orient Bio, Korea) with a body weight of 20 g to 25 g.
2-1. Breeding of experimental animals
Twenty birds of 4 week old male mice (ICR, Orient Bio, Korea) weighing 20 to 25 g were exposed to a constant light-dark cycle condition from 7:00 am to 7:00 pm, a temperature condition of 22 ° C to 25 ° C, Of relative humidity. AIN-76 (Research Diets, Inc., USA) was used for animal feed, and feed and water were freely available at all times.
The hippopotamus extract was fed to the experimental diets in an amount of 30 mg per 1 kg of body weight daily from 4 weeks before the experiment.
As a memory deterioration substance, scopolamine was dissolved in saline to give 1 mg / kg, and the mice were intraperitoneally administered. Behavioral testing was performed 3 days after scopolamine treatment.
2-2. Passive avoidance test to improve memory effect
The experimental animals of Experimental Example 2-1 were subjected to passive avoidance test using a manual shuttle box to evaluate their learning and memory ability.
In order to measure the memory of experimental animals, the following devices were devised. A guillotine door was installed at the center of the dark box on one side and a grid was installed on the bottom at 8 mm intervals and the dark part of the box was designed to flow current. , VT, USA). During the training session, when the mouse was placed in a light box, the mouse liked the dark place, so it immediately went into the dark box, and at the same time an electric shock (1 mA, 3 sec) was applied. The next day, when the mouse is placed in the same light box as the training run, the mouse will remember the electric shock and will not enter the black box. At this time, we measured the stepthrough latency until we entered the black box and used it as an index of learning and memory. The experimental results are expressed as the ratio of the control group to 100. The results are shown in Table 3.
As shown in Table 3, it was confirmed that the memory capacity was significantly reduced in the comparison group in which scopolamine was injected compared to the control group in which scopolamine was not injected. On the other hand, in the experimental group consumed with hippocampal extract, the memory capacity recovered to the control level was not restored due to the recovery of the scorpamine-induced damaged memory, It was confirmed that the memory capacity of about 247% was improved.
From the above results, it was confirmed that the hippocampus extract was effective in preventing memory damage and improving memory.
2-3. Effects of Water Maze Test on Memory Improvement
A circular water tank (100 cm in diameter, 35 cm in height) was filled with water at a height of about 15 cm and maintained at a temperature of 22-25 ° C. and mixed with a toxic black pigment so that the platform could not be seen in the water. The platform (platform, diameter 4.5cm, height 14.5cm) was placed in a certain position of the water tank, so that the top of the platform was located 0.5-1 cm below the water surface. After training (learning) once a day for 6 days, the memory retention inducer (scopolamine) was administered, and then the memory retention was experimented. At this time, the time, distance, and speed required for the normal group and the experimental group to reach the platform installed in the water tank after the training were measured. The experimental results are expressed as the ratio of the control group to 100. The results are shown in Table 4.
As shown in Table 4, the time taken to find the submersible platform by the inhibitor-administered group (scopolamine treated group) and the distance swam increased remarkably. As a result, it was confirmed that memory effect was caused by scopolamine treatment. In the group treated with hippopotamus extract, the time taken to find the platform and the swimming distance decreased similarly to the control group. In other words, it was confirmed that the hippocampus treatment improves memory damage.
On the other hand, the speed of finding the platform did not differ greatly in all three groups. From the above results, it can be seen that the hippopotamus treatment improves the detection ability of the maze due to the memory recovery.
Claims (5)
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR101866713B1 (en) | 2018-03-13 | 2018-06-11 | 서정임 | Method for making vinegar using sea horse |
| KR102116461B1 (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2020-05-28 | 이지예 | Method for making powder vinegar using sea horse |
| KR20230171810A (en) | 2022-06-14 | 2023-12-21 | 주식회사 브레인헬스메디코리아 | Aroma composition for improving memory |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR101866713B1 (en) | 2018-03-13 | 2018-06-11 | 서정임 | Method for making vinegar using sea horse |
| WO2019177349A1 (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-09-19 | 농업회사법인발효순이주식회사 | Method for manufacturing sea horse vinegar |
| KR102116461B1 (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2020-05-28 | 이지예 | Method for making powder vinegar using sea horse |
| KR20230171810A (en) | 2022-06-14 | 2023-12-21 | 주식회사 브레인헬스메디코리아 | Aroma composition for improving memory |
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