KR20160129613A - Apparatus and Method for Reactor Pollutant Removal - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method to remove pollutant of a reactor. According to the present invention, the apparatus comprises: a branch pipe to branch exhaust gas supplied from a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reactor through an exhaust pipe; a cylinder to store the exhaust gas; a pump sucking the branched exhaust gas to compress and store the sucked exhaust gas in the cylinder; a solenoid valve to regulate discharge of the exhaust gas compressed and stored in the cylinder; and an injection nozzle to inject the exhaust gas discharged through the solenoid valve to catalysts of the SCR reactor. According to the present invention, when pollutant is removed from exhaust gas purification catalysts installed in an SCR reactor, the pollutant is removed from the catalysts by using exhaust gas of an engine instead of the atmosphere, so the pollutant of the SCR reactor is removed without installing an individual facility to capture the atmosphere in order to remove the pollutant from the catalyst and an individual facility to heat the air. Therefore, an SCR system is economically and efficiently installed, and SCR operation expenses are also reduced.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for removing pollutants from reactors,

The present invention relates to an SCR system (Selective Catalytic Reduction System) for removing NOx of an engine exhaust gas by an SCR reactor, and more particularly, to an SCR system for removing NOx Instead of using the exhaust gas of the engine to remove the contamination of the catalyst, it is possible to remove the contamination of the reactor catalyst without having separate facilities for trapping the air in the air for the catalyst decontamination and a separate facility for air heating The present invention relates to a reactor pollutant removal apparatus and method.

Nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides among exhaust gases emitted from diesel engines commonly used in ships are representative air pollutants subject to emission regulation from the International Maritime Organization (IMO), which is a member of the United Nations (UN).

Nitrogen oxides refer to NO, NO2, NO3, N2O, N2O3, N2O4 and N2O5, but most nitrogen oxides are NO and NO2. Sulfur oxides are mainly SO2 in which sulfur components contained in fuels such as coal and petroleum are oxidized in the combustion process.

Nitrogen oxides are generated by the reaction of Nitrogen in the combustion process with thermal NOx generated by the reaction of nitrogen and oxygen in the air in the high temperature region, Prompt NOx generated by the reaction of hydrocarbons generated from the fuel with nitrogen in the air, Fueled NOx.

SCR systems have been used to remove nitrogen oxides generated by the combustion reaction of fossil fuels. The SCR system converts ammonia (NH3), urea (UREA, CO (NH2) 2) into nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O) by passing the exhaust gas mixed with the reducing agent through the catalyst layer installed in the SCR reactor. Urea (UREA, CO (NH2) 2) is mainly used as a reducing agent in recent years because it is used as a reducing agent and is convenient for storage and use of a reducing agent.

When the engine exhaust gas mixed with the reducing agent is applied to the catalyst of the SCR reactor and the process of reducing the nitrogen oxide of the engine exhaust gas to nitrogen and water by the catalyst is repeatedly carried out, the catalyst of the SCR reactor is soot- Or the like, and if the catalyst is continuously polluted, the activity of the catalyst is lowered and the efficiency of the exhaust gas purification treatment is lowered. Therefore, there is a need to periodically remove the contamination of the SCR reactor catalyst.

In the conventional SCR system, when the contamination of the SCR reactor catalyst is removed, air in the air is trapped and the catalyst is sprayed onto the catalyst. In order to remove the contamination of the catalyst using air, It is necessary to have a separate facility including a complicated piping for collecting the atmospheric air and introducing it into the SCR reactor. In order to increase the decontamination efficiency of the catalyst, the air must be heated to a certain temperature and injected into the catalyst, Therefore, there is a problem in that the system volume is large and the system installation area is large and the system configuration is complicated, so that the system can not be installed economically and efficiently, and the system operation cost is increased.

DISCLOSURE Technical Problem The present invention has been proposed in order to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a catalyst for purifying exhaust gas of an SCR reactor, There is provided an apparatus and method for removing pollutants from a reactor catalyst, which eliminates pollution of the reactor catalyst without having separate facilities for collecting air in the atmosphere for removing the pollution of the catalyst by removing pollution, and a separate facility for air heating. There is purpose in.

In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides an exhaust gas purifying apparatus comprising: a branch pipe for branching exhaust gas flowing into an SCR reactor through an exhaust gas pipe; A cylinder for storing exhaust gas; A pump for sucking the branched exhaust gas and compressing and storing the exhaust gas in the cylinder; A solenoid valve for interrupting discharge of the exhaust gas compressed and stored in the cylinder; And an injection nozzle for injecting the exhaust gas discharged through the solenoid valve onto the catalyst of the SCR reactor.

According to the apparatus for removing contaminants in a reactor according to the present invention, the apparatus further includes a main valve that branches off through the branch pipe and controls the exhaust gas applied to the pump.

The apparatus for removing contaminants in a reactor according to the present invention further comprises a check valve for preventing exhaust gas flowing through the cylinder from flowing back to the cylinder side and exhaust gas compressed and stored in the cylinder.

The apparatus for removing contaminants from a reactor according to the present invention further includes a first pressure sensor for detecting a pressure inside the cylinder.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for removing contaminants from a reactor, comprising: a second pressure sensor installed at an arbitrary position in the SCR reactor before exhaust gas flowing into the SCR reactor passes through the catalyst to detect a pressure inside the SCR; And a third pressure sensor installed at an arbitrary position inside the SCR reactor after the exhaust gas passes through the catalyst to detect an internal pressure of the SCR reactor.

The apparatus for removing contaminants in a reactor according to the present invention further includes a controller for controlling the driving of the main valve, the pump, and the solenoid valve to control the catalyst decontamination.

In addition, according to the apparatus for removing contaminants of a reactor according to the present invention, when the pressure applied from the second pressure sensor and the third pressure sensor is greater than a set pressure, the controller determines that the catalyst is contaminated, The process of removing the contamination of the surface is carried out.

According to the apparatus for removing contaminants of a reactor according to the present invention, when the control unit judges that the catalyst is contaminated, the control unit applies a control signal to open the main valve and drives the pump to suck exhaust gas through the branch pipe, And the control signal is applied to open the solenoid valve to inject the exhaust gas of the cylinder through the injection nozzle to the catalyst to remove the contamination of the catalyst.

According to the apparatus for removing contaminants of a reactor according to the present invention, when the exhaust gas is compressed and stored in the cylinder, the control unit compresses the exhaust gas into the cylinder until the internal pressure of the cylinder applied from the first pressure sensor reaches the set pressure. .

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for controlling a catalytic converter of an SCR reactor, the method comprising the steps of: The control unit applies a control signal to open the main valve and drives the pump to suck the exhaust gas branched off from the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR reactor by the pump, Compressing and storing the data in the memory; And the control unit applies a control signal to open the solenoid valve to inject the exhaust gas of the cylinder into the catalyst through the injection nozzle to remove the contamination of the catalyst.

According to the method for removing contaminants from a reactor according to the present invention, the step of confirming whether or not the catalyst of the SCR reactor has been contaminated may include the step of detecting whether or not the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR reactor passes through the catalyst, Reading a pressure in the SCR reactor applied from a second pressure sensor installed at the position; The control unit reading the pressure inside the SCR reactor applied from the third pressure sensor installed at an arbitrary position inside the SCR reactor after the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR reactor passes through the catalyst; If the control unit determines that the pressure inside the SCR reactor applied from the second pressure sensor and the third pressure sensor is higher than the set pressure, it is confirmed that the catalyst is contaminated.

According to the method for removing contaminants from a reactor according to the present invention, the step of sucking the exhaust gas, which is branched from the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR reactor, by a pump and compressing and storing the exhaust gas in a cylinder, Cylinder pressure applied from the pressure sensor reaches a set pressure; If the control unit does not reach the preset pressure, the branched exhaust gas is sucked by the pump and continues to be compressed and stored in the cylinder. The control unit applies a control signal to close the main valve when the internal pressure of the cylinder applied from the first pressure sensor reaches the set pressure, and stops the driving of the pump to complete the exhaust gas storage of the cylinder.

According to the present invention, in the case of removing the contamination of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst provided in the SCR reactor, it is possible to remove the contamination of the catalyst by using the engine exhaust gas in place of the air in the air, It is possible to economically and efficiently install the SCR system and to reduce the SCR operation cost since pollutants of the reactor catalyst are removed without having separate facilities for collecting and air heating.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a device configuration diagram illustrating an apparatus for removing contaminants from a reactor according to the present invention. FIG.
2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for removing catalyst contamination using an apparatus for removing contaminants in a reactor according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the technical spirit and essential structure and operation of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a method for removing pollution of an exhaust gas purifying catalyst provided in an SCR reactor by removing pollution of the catalyst using engine exhaust gas instead of air in the air, And to remove contamination of the reactor catalyst without having separate facilities for air heating and no separate facilities for air heating.

1, the apparatus 100 for removing contaminants in a reactor according to the present invention includes a branch pipe 120, a main valve 121, a plurality of check valves 122, A solenoid valve 124, a pump 130, a plurality of cylinders 150, a plurality of injection nozzles 160, and a controller 170.

When the exhaust gas mixed with the reducing agent is applied to the SCR reactor 110 through the exhaust gas pipe 105, the exhaust gas passes through the catalyst 115 installed in the SCR reactor 110 and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas are converted into nitrogen N2) and water (H2O) to purify the exhaust gas, and then exhaust the exhaust gas through the exhaust gas pipe 107. [

The branch piping 120 branches from the exhaust gas piping 105 for introducing exhaust gas into the SCR reactor 110. The branch piping 120 branches off the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust gas piping 105, (130).

The main valve 121 is installed in the branch pipe 120 and branches off from the exhaust gas pipe 105 to intermit the exhaust gas flowing into the pump 130 but controls the inflow of the exhaust gas under the control of the control unit 170 .

The pump 130 is driven under the control of the controller 170 and sucks the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas pipe 105 through the branch pipe 120 and sends the exhaust gas to the cylinder 150 to compress the exhaust gas in the cylinder 150 .

The check valve 122 is provided in the vicinity of the inlet of the cylinder 150 to allow the exhaust gas flowing from the pump 130 to pass through the cylinder 150 and the exhaust gas compressed and stored in the cylinder 150, To prevent backflow.

The solenoid valve 124 is installed at the outlet of the cylinder 150 and is opened under the control of the controller 170 to apply the exhaust gas of the cylinder 150 to the injection nozzle 160 side, The compressed exhaust gas is injected into the catalyst 115 of the SCR reactor 110 through the injection nozzle 160 to remove foreign matter adhering to the catalyst 115 to remove the contamination of the catalyst 115.

The injection nozzles 160 are individually provided corresponding to the catalyst 115 in the SCR reactor 110 to inject the exhaust gas applied through the solenoid valve 124 from the cylinder 150 into the catalyst 115 115 are removed.

The control unit 170 controls the overall operation of the reactor pollutant removal apparatus 100. The control unit 170 checks whether or not the catalyst 115 is contaminated based on the pressure applied from the pressure sensors 111 and 112 provided inside the SCR reactor 110 and performs a process for removing the contamination of the catalyst 115 A pressure sensor 111 installed at an arbitrary position inside the SCR reactor 110 before the exhaust gas passes through the catalyst 115 and a pressure sensor 111 installed inside the SCR reactor 110 after the exhaust gas passes through the catalyst 115. [ It is determined from the pressure sensor 112 provided at an arbitrary position that the applied pressure differs by more than the set pressure to cause the catalyst 115 to be contaminated and the process of removing the contamination of the catalyst 115 is performed .

The control unit 170 applies a control signal to open the main valve 121 and drives the pump 130 when the catalyst 115 of the SCR reactor 110 is determined to be contaminated, The exhaust gas is sucked through the branch pipe 120 branched from the cylinder 150 and is compressed and stored in the cylinder 150 until the pressure applied from the pressure sensor PS installed in the cylinder 150 reaches the set pressure The exhaust gas is compressed and stored in the cylinder 150.

The control unit 170 completes the exhaust gas storage of the cylinder 150 and applies the control signal to open the solenoid valve 124 to exhaust the exhaust gas of the cylinder 150 through the injection nozzle 160 to the catalyst 115 So as to remove the foreign substances adhering to the catalyst 115.

The exhaust gas sucked through the branch pipe 120 branched from the exhaust gas pipe 105 and compressed and stored in the cylinder 150 is maintained at a predetermined temperature so that the exhaust gas is supplied to the injection nozzle 160 without being separately heated, The foreign matter adhering to the catalyst 115 can be dissolved and removed.

The apparatus 100 for removing contaminants in a reactor according to the present invention having the functions as described above operates as illustrated in FIG. 2 when the catalyst is contaminated.

The exhaust gas mixed with the reducing agent is applied to the SCR reactor 110 through the exhaust gas pipe 105 and the exhaust gas passes through the catalyst 115 installed in the SCR reactor 110, The control unit 170 controls the amount of nitrogen oxides in the SCR reactor 110 while the nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas line 107 is reduced by nitrogen (N 2) and water (H 2 O) to purify the exhaust gas and discharge the exhaust gas through the exhaust gas pipe 107 It is checked whether or not the catalyst 115 is contaminated based on the pressure applied from the installed pressure sensors 111 and 112 (S210).

The control unit 170 includes a pressure sensor 111 disposed at an arbitrary position before the exhaust gas passes through the catalyst 115 and a pressure sensor 112 disposed at an arbitrary position after the exhaust gas has passed through the catalyst 115 , It is confirmed that the catalyst 115 has been contaminated when the applied pressure differs by more than the set pressure.

The control unit 170 opens the main valve 121 and drives the pump 130 by applying a control signal when the catalyst 115 of the SCR reactor 110 is confirmed to be contaminated at S210, The exhaust gas is sucked through the branch pipe 120 branched from the pipe 105 and is compressed and stored in the cylinder 150 (S220).

The control unit 170 checks whether or not the pressure applied from the pressure sensor PS provided inside the cylinder 150 reaches the set pressure while compressing and storing the exhaust gas in the cylinder 150 (S230) The exhaust gas is continuously compressed and stored in the cylinder 150 by returning to S220.

When the pressure applied from the pressure sensor PS installed in the cylinder 150 reaches the set pressure in S230, the control unit 170 applies a control signal to close the main valve 121, And the control signal is applied to open the solenoid valve 124 to exhaust the exhaust gas of the cylinder 150 through the injection nozzle 160 to the catalyst 115. [ The catalyst 115 is removed from the catalyst 115 to remove the foreign matter adhering to the catalyst 115 (S240). At this time, since the exhaust gas sucked through the branch pipe 120 branched from the exhaust gas pipe 105 and stored in the cylinder 150 is kept at a constant temperature, the exhaust gas is not separately heated, The foreign matter adhering to the catalyst 115 can be dissolved and removed even if the catalyst 115 is sprayed through the catalyst layer 160.

Thereafter, the control unit 170 checks whether or not a drive stop command from the user is inputted (S250). If the drive stop command is not inputted, the control unit 170 returns to S210 to repeat the above-described catalyst decontamination processing, When the command is input, the catalyst decontamination processing is terminated.

As described above, according to the present invention, when the contamination of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst 115 provided in the SCR reactor 110 is removed, the contamination of the catalyst 115 is removed by using the engine exhaust gas instead of air The SCR system can be installed economically and efficiently since the contamination of the reactor catalyst can be eliminated without having separate facilities for collecting the air in the atmosphere for the removal of catalyst contamination and a separate facility for air heating In addition, SCR operation cost can be reduced.

In the above description, the exhaust gas is stored in the plurality of cylinders 150 corresponding to the plurality of catalysts 115 installed in the SCR reactor 110, and the exhaust gas is supplied to the catalyst 115 through the injection nozzle 160 The present invention is not limited to this and the exhaust gas may be stored in a single cylinder 150 whose capacity is increased corresponding to the number of the catalysts 115, The exhaust gas may be injected into the respective catalysts 115 through a plurality of injection nozzles 160 corresponding to the number of the catalysts 115 to remove the contamination of the catalysts 115.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims and their equivalents. And that such modifications are within the technical scope of the present invention.

The present invention can be very usefully applied to an SCR system for purifying nitrogen oxide of engine exhaust gas. According to the present invention, in the case of removing the contamination of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst provided in the SCR reactor, it is possible to remove the contamination of the catalyst by using the engine exhaust gas in place of the air in the air, It is possible to economically and efficiently install the SCR system and to reduce the SCR operation cost since pollutants of the reactor catalyst are removed without having separate facilities for collecting and air heating.

100; Reactor pollutant removal device 105, 107: atmospheric gas piping
110; SCR reactor 115; catalyst
120; Branch piping 121; Main valve
122; The check valve 124; Solenoid valve
150; Cylinder 160; Injection nozzle
170; The controller PS. 111, 112; Pressure sensor

Claims (12)

A branch pipe for branching the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR reactor through the exhaust gas pipe;
A cylinder for storing exhaust gas;
A pump for sucking the branched exhaust gas and compressing and storing the exhaust gas in the cylinder;
A solenoid valve for interrupting discharge of the exhaust gas compressed and stored in the cylinder;
And a spray nozzle for spraying the exhaust gas discharged through the solenoid valve onto the catalyst of the SCR reactor.
The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a main valve for branching through the branch piping and interrupting exhaust gas to be supplied to the pump.
The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Further comprising a backflow prevention valve for allowing exhaust gas flowing from the pump to flow to the cylinder side and preventing exhaust gas compressed and stored in the cylinder from flowing back to the pump side.
The method of claim 3,
Further comprising a first pressure sensor for detecting a pressure inside the cylinder.
The method of claim 4,
A second pressure sensor installed at an arbitrary position inside the SCR reactor before the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR reactor passes through the catalyst to detect a pressure inside the SCR;
Further comprising a third pressure sensor disposed at an arbitrary position inside the SCR reactor after the exhaust gas passes through the catalyst to detect an internal pressure of the SCR reactor.
The method of claim 5,
Further comprising a control unit for controlling the driving of the main valve, the pump, and the solenoid valve so as to control the removal of the catalyst decontamination.
The method of claim 6,
Wherein the control unit determines that the catalyst is contaminated when the pressure applied from the second pressure sensor and the third pressure sensor is different from the set pressure or more and proceeds to remove contamination of the catalyst. Contaminant removal device.
The method of claim 6,
The control unit applies a control signal to open the main valve, drives the pump, sucks exhaust gas through the branch pipe, compresses and stores the exhaust gas in the cylinder, and applies a control signal to the solenoid valve And discharging the exhaust gas from the cylinder to the catalyst through the injection nozzle to remove contamination of the catalyst.
The method of claim 8,
Wherein when the exhaust gas is compressed and stored in the cylinder, the control unit compresses and stores the exhaust gas in the cylinder until the internal pressure of the cylinder, which is applied from the first pressure sensor, reaches the set pressure.
Confirming whether or not the control unit has caused contamination of the catalyst of the SCR reactor;
The control unit applies a control signal to open the main valve and drives the pump to suck the exhaust gas branched off from the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR reactor by the pump, Compressing and storing the data in the memory;
Wherein the control unit applies a control signal to open the solenoid valve to inject the exhaust gas of the cylinder through the injection nozzle to the catalyst so as to remove the contamination of the catalyst.
The method of claim 10,
Wherein the step of determining whether or not the catalyst of the SCR reactor has been contaminated includes:
The control unit reading the pressure inside the SCR reactor applied from the second pressure sensor installed at any position inside the SCR reactor before the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR reactor passes through the catalyst;
The control unit reading the pressure inside the SCR reactor applied from the third pressure sensor installed at an arbitrary position inside the SCR reactor after the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR reactor passes through the catalyst;
And confirming that contamination has occurred in the catalyst when the pressure difference between the SCR reactor applied from the second pressure sensor and the third pressure sensor exceeds the set pressure.
The method of claim 10,
The step of sucking the exhaust gas branched from the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR reactor by the pump and compressing and storing the exhaust gas in the cylinder,
The control unit confirms whether the cylinder internal pressure applied from the first pressure sensor installed in the cylinder reaches a set pressure;
If the control unit does not reach the preset pressure, the branched exhaust gas is sucked by the pump and continues to be compressed and stored in the cylinder.
The control unit applies a control signal to close the main valve when the internal pressure of the cylinder applied from the first pressure sensor reaches the set pressure, and stops the driving of the pump to complete the exhaust gas storage of the cylinder. Lt; / RTI >

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